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The data from 11 meteorological radiosonde stations in 5 provinces including Shanxi, Shaanxi, Ningxia, Inner Mongolia and Hebei are divided into 9 different data collections which are used to deduce the linear regression models of atmospheric weighting mean temperature (Tm) for Ground-based GPS precipitable water vapor (PWV) retrieval. These 9 models, together with Bevis model, are used to retrieve the GPS PWV at station BGTY. In comparison with the correlations between the ground-based GPS PWV and radiosonde PWV at this station, the difference between these 10 different models of Tm is analyzed. The results show that the Bevis model of Tm can be used to retrieve the GPS PWV of the regions mentioned above. At the same time, the Tm model computed from the radiosonde measurements of specific regions and seasons can provide more accurate GPS PWV than the Bevis model.

Spotted fever group rickettsia (SFGR) can cause mild to fatal illness. The early interaction between the host and rickettsia in skin is largely unknown, and the pathogenesis of severe rickettsiosis remains an important topic. A surveillance of SFGR infection by PCR of blood and skin biopsy specimens followed by sequencing and immunohistochemical (IHC) detection was performed on patients with a recent tick bite between 2013 and 2016. Humoral and cutaneous immunoprofiles were evaluated in different SFGR cases by serum cytokine and chemokine detection, skin IHC staining, and transcriptome sequencing (RNA-seq).