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The article talks about the importance of chromatin regulation in controlling cardiac gene expression under different physiological and pathological conditions. It discusses mechanisms that may provide a framework for the study of interactions among diverse chromatin remodelers or modifiers and transcription factors. The authors focused on the roles of adenosine triphosphate (ATP)-dependent chromatin-remodeling factors and chromatin-modifying enzymes that control gene expression during cardiovascular development and disease.

The article discusses a study on the relation of deficiencies in Pbx and Meis with congenital heart disease. It was found that the reduction or absence of Pbx2 and Pbx3 result to the haploinsufficiency of Pbx1, which can lead to truncus arteriosus. Also, the disruption of Meis1, an encoder of a Pbx DNA-binding partner, is seen to be a cause of cardiac anomalies that are similar to those of Pbx mutations.