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Bedaquiline, delamanid and fluoroquinolones are associated with increased QTcF. Whether clofazimine is associated with QTcF prolongation is less clear.

Objectives: Whether tinnitus is associated with pre-existing hypertension remains uncertain. This study explored the association between tinnitus and pre-existing hypertension.Methods: We obtained data on a retrospective cohort of 542 884 cases ≥18 years old with a first-time tinnitus diagnosis from Taiwan’s National Health Insurance Research Database. We used propensity-score matching to select 542 884 matched controls and performed multiple logistic regression analyses to estimate the adjusted odds of prior hypertension among patients with tinnitus versus controls.Results: Bivariate analysis showed no significant difference in the prevalence of prior hypertension between the tinnitus and no-tinnitus groups (35.58% vs 35.5%, P= .617). Univariable logistic regression analysis confirmed the bivariate analysis finding, unadjusted odds of prior hypertension among the tinnitus group relative to controls, 1.002, 95% CI: 0.994-1.010, P= .617). After adjusting for age, sex, monthly income, geographic location and urbanization level, hyperlipidemia, diabetes, hearing loss, obesity, anemia, rheumatoid arthritis, alcohol abuse, nicotine dependence, anxiety disorder, depressive disorder and idiopathic intracranial hypertension, the odds of prior hypertension were similar among the tinnitus and no-tinnitus groups (OR = 1.006, 95% CI: 0.997-1.016, P= .178).Conclusions: Our population-based study found no evidence for an association between tinnitus and pre-existing hypertension.

•New evidence is available for a new network meta-analysis.•Isoniazid monotherapy with a duration less than 4 months demonstrates suboptimal efficacy for preventing incident tuberculosis.•Short-course, rifamycin-based regimens are the best for preventing tuberculosis.

Objective: To compare the fluid resuscitation effect of sodium acetate Ringer’s solution and sodium bicarbonate Ringer’s solution on patients with traumatic haemorrhagic shock. Method: We conducted a prospective cohort study in our emergency department on a total of 71 patients with traumatic haemorrhagic shock admitted between 1 December 2020 and 28 February 2022. Based on the time of admission, patients were randomly divided into a sodium bicarbonate Ringer’s solution group and sodium acetate Ringer’s solution group, and a limited rehydration resuscitation strategy was adopted in both groups. General data were collected separately, and the patients’ vital signs (body temperature, respiration, blood pressure and mean arterial pressure (MAP)), blood gas indices (pH, calculated bicarbonate (cHCO3−), partial pressure of oxygen (PaO2), partial pressure of carbon dioxide (pCO2) and clearance of lactate (CLac)), shock indices, peripheral platelet counts, prothrombin times and plasma fibrinogen levels were measured and compared before and 1 h after resuscitation. Results: The post-resuscitation heart rate of the sodium bicarbonate Ringer’s solution group was significantly lower than that of the sodium acetate Ringer’s solution group (p< 0.05), and the MAP was also significantly lower (p< 0.05). The patients in the sodium bicarbonate Ringer’s solution group had significantly higher pH, cHCO3−and PaO2values and lower pCO2and CLac values (p< 0.05) than those in the sodium acetate Ringer’s solution group, and the post-resuscitation peripheral platelet counts and fibrinogen levels were significantly higher, with shorter plasma prothrombin times and smaller shock indices (p< 0.001). Conclusion: Sodium bicarbonate Ringer’s solution is beneficial for maintaining MAP at a low level after resuscitation. The use of sodium bicarbonate Ringer’s solution in limited fluid resuscitation has positive results and is of high clinical value.

Reducing the melting point, in creasing the thermal stability limit, and enhancing the specific heat capacity of molten salt are the research hotspots in the field of medium and high temperature energy storage in recent years. From the perspectives of the melting point, thermal stability limit, and specific heat capacity of nitrates, we summarize the melting point, thermal stability limit, and specific heat capacity enhancement of molten salts with different compositions and ratios. The melting points of molten salt with different compositions and ratios are compared. Furthermore, the enhancing effect of various nanomaterials on molten salt is elucidated. The application of nitrate molten salt is also summarized to provide a reference for the research and application of novel molten salts. Keywords: Nitrate Molten Salt; Melting Point; Thermal Stability Limit; Specific Heat Capacity; Application

Iatrogenic blood loss is an important cause of neonatal anemia. In this study, a spreadsheet tool was developed to reduce blood collection, providing a new idea for the prevention of iatrogenic blood loss in newborns.

Background:Brentuximab vedotin (BV) and immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) had important roles in the treatment of relapse or refractory (R/R) Hodgkin lymphoma (HL). Treatment of refractory disease after BV and -/or ICIs remains a challenge. This study was conducted to evaluate the efficacy and safety of radiotherapy for R/R HL after failure to BV or ICIs.

•What is the primary question addressed by this study?The study explored the associations between frailty, injury mechanisms, fracture location, and comorbidities with postinjury outcomes, including functional recovery and the risk of new care needs, unscheduled return visits, and falls.•What is the main finding of this study?Preinjury frailty, motor vehicle collisions, and hip fractures were significant predictors of postinjury functional and health outcomes; these findings were consistent across age and injury severity. Strong joint associations of frailty and advanced age were observed.•What is the meaning of the finding?The screening and identification of frailty and other risk factors in the emergency department are crucial for the prevention of the subsequent risks of poor functional recovery, the need for new care, unscheduled return visits, and falls.

Acupuncture has been criticized as a theatrical placebo for the sham effect. Unfortunately, sham tests used in control groups in acupuncture studies have always ignored the underlying biophysical factors, including resonance involved in acupuncture points and meridians.

To explore associations between obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) and autoimmune diseases and evaluate whether OSA management reduces the incidence of autoimmune diseases.

South Hot Spring wastewater source heat pump technology was introduced, and the basic status and application situation of South Hot Spring wastewater were analyzed. The environmental pollution index of wastewater was detected. Besides, the energy efficiency ratio of wastewater source heat pump system in South Hot Spring was predicted. What's more, the payback period and environmental benefits of the system in theory were also calculated. It shows that the system's payback period is 7 years, while 351 tons of standard coal and 2.25 million kWh of electricity were saved.

In order to achieve precise speed control for cutter suction dredger cutter motor, the controller should adapt well to uncertainties, such as geological environment, water flow, mechanical disturbance, etc. It makes the design of cutter motor controller always a hard work. This paper proposes an active disturbance rejection controller (ADRC) approach for cutter suction dredger cutter motor variable frequency drive system. Firstly, the LabVIEW platform was established by virtual instrument technology, which collected operating data of cutter motor in fundamental wave and total harmonic distortion (THD). Then cutter motor motion mathematic model was built and the ADRC design method was introduced. Lastly, the simulation results in the cutter velocity control and disturbance environments were done. The results show that the ADRC controller has strong robustness, and the precise speed control can be implemented.

The purpose of this study was to conduct a systematic review and meta-analysis of the published literature to evaluate the diagnostic accuracy of fluorine-18 2-fluoro-2-deoxy-D-glucose (18F-FDG) PET or PETcomputed tomography (CT) in the pretherapeutic staging of patients with small-cell lung cancer (SCLC). The authors conducted a systematic MEDLINE search of published articles. Two reviewers independently assessed the methodological quality of each study. We estimated the pooled sensitivity, specificity, positive and negative likelihood ratios (LR and LR−), and summary receiver operating characteristic curves in the detection of extensive disease (ED) in patients with SCLC. Twelve studies with a total of 369 patients met the inclusion criteria. The pooled estimates of sensitivity, specificity, LR, and LR− of 18F-FDG PET or PETCT for the detection of ED in SCLC were 97.5 95 confidence interval (CI), 94.2–99.2, 98.2 (95 CI, 94.9–99.6), 19.86 (95 CI, 9.79–40.30), and 0.06 (95 CI, 0.03–0.10), respectively. Whole-body 18F-FDG PET or PETCT is a valuable imaging tool for the pretherapeutic assessment of ED in patients with SCLC.

Cation and anion exchange membranes were prepared by radiation-induced graft polymerization of ethyl styrenesulfonate and chloromethyl styrene, respectively, onto poly (ethylene-alt-tetrafluoroethylene) (ETFE) films, followed by hydrolysis in the former case and quaternization in the latter case. The degree of grafting as well as the ion exchange capacity (IEC) and the conductivity of the prepared membranes were investigated. Furthermore, the cation and anion exchange membranes were tested in an electrodialysis cell using CsNO3 aqueous solution in the dilute compartment. It was found that the high-IEC membranes enhanced the electrodialysis speed, while the low-IEC membranes showed the high percent removal.

Xylose is one of the most abundant carbohydrates in nature, and widely used to produce bioethanol via fermentation in industry. Xylulose can produce two key enzymes: xylose reductase and xylitol dehydrogenase. Owing to the disparate cofactor specificities of xylose reductase and xylitol dehydrogenase, intracellular redox imbalance is detected during the xylose fermentation, resulting in low ethanol yields. To overcome this barrier, a common strategy is applied to artificially modify the cofactor specificity of xylose reductase. In this study, we utilized molecular simulation approaches to construct a 3D (three-dimensional) structural model for the NADP-dependent Pichia stipitis xylose reductase (PsXR). Based on the 3D model, the favourable binding modes for both cofactors NAD and NADP were obtained using the flexible docking procedure and molecular dynamics simulation. Structural analysis of the favourable binding modes showed that the cofactor binding site of PsXR was composed of 3 major components: a hydrophilic pocket, a hydrophobic pocket as well as a linker channel between the aforementioned two pockets. The hydrophilic pocket could recognize the nicotinamide moiety of the cofactors by hydrogen bonding networks, while the hydrophobic pocket functioned to position the adenine moiety of the cofactors by hydrophobic and ?-? stacking interactions. The linker channel contained some key residues for ligand-binding; their mutation could have impact to the specificity of PsXR. Finally, it was found that any of the two single mutations, K21A and K270N, might reverse the cofactor specificity of PsXR from major NADP- to NADdependent, which was further confirmed by the additional experiments. Our findings may provide useful insights into the cofactor specificity of PsXR, stimulating new strategies for better designing xylose reductase and improving ethanol production in industry.

BCR three-step extraction method was used to evaluate the speciation of lead in red soil, The result showed that the percentage of bound to carbonates, bound to Fe-Mn oxldes speciation, bound to organic matter speciation and residual speciation are 31.39%, 23.75%, 22.53% and 22.26%, respectively. The bioavailability of lead in red soil was evaluated based on BCR speciation, 77.74% of total bioavailability speciation was observed.

WMSNs is one of the most cutting-edge technologies of the field of informatics, and compared to other sensor technology has broad prospects for development. WMSNs has very high service quality, larger multimedia data transmission amount, multimedia data flow model, a wide variety of application services and other characteristics. WMSNs support for education and teaching in support of ubiquitous learning environment. According to the characteristic of WMSNs, expounds the WMSNs support ubiquitous learning environment and function principle, as well as WMSNs ubiquitous learning environment application.

The purpose of the present study was to conduct a systematic review and meta-analysis of the published literature to evaluate the diagnostic performance of fluorine-18 2-fluoro-2-deoxy-D-glucose (18F-FDG) PET in the pretherapeutic assessment of nodal staging in patients with colorectal cancer (CRC). We conducted a systematic MEDLINE search of articles in the published literature (last update, February 2012). Two reviewers independently assessed the methodological quality of each study. We estimated pooled sensitivity, specificity, summary receiver operating characteristic curves, and summary likelihood ratios. A total of 409 patients from 10 studies were analyzed. The pooled estimates of sensitivity, specificity, positive likelihood ratio, and negative likelihood ratio of 18F-FDG PET PETcomputed tomography (CT) in the detection of pretherapeutic lymph node involvement in patients with CRC were 42.9 95 confidence interval (CI): 36.0–50.0, 87.9 (95 CI: 82.6–92.0), 2.82 (95 CI: 1.96–4.07), and 0.69 (95 CI: 0.62–0.78), respectively. There is no solid evidence to support the routine clinical application of 18F-FDG PET (PETCT) in the pretherapeutic evaluation of lymph node status in patients with CRC. However, 18F-FDG PET (PETCT) could be used to strengthen the possibility of suspected metastatic lymph nodes detected by other imaging modalities.

We performed a meta-analysis to assess the potential value of dual-time-point (DTP) imaging as compared with initial single-time-point (STP) scanning with 18F-fluorodeoxyglucose (18F-FDG) PET in differentiating malignant from benign single pulmonary nodules. Data on the performance of DTP 18F-FDG PET imaging in assessing lung nodules were extracted from articles of prospective or retrospective original research published between January 2001 and April 2010. The Quality Assessment of Diagnostic Accuracy Studies (QUADAS) tool was used to assess the quality of study methodology. Heterogeneity in the results of the studies was assessed, and summary receiver operating characteristic (SROC) curves were constructed. Eleven studies comprising a total of 788 patients who underwent initial scanning, 778 of whom also underwent DTP imaging, were included in the final analysis. The quality of study methodology was judged to be moderate. Substantial heterogeneity in the results of the studies, with inconsistency (I2) index values above 85, reflected important differences in study methods and populations, including varying lesion sizes, 18F-FDG avidity, uptake interval for delayed imaging, and threshold for positive result on DTP imaging. SROC curve analysis revealed a statistically nonsignificant trend toward higher sensitivity with DTP imaging, at moderate levels of specificity, when compared with initial STP scanning. The area under the curve (SE) values for DTP and initial STP imaging were 0.839 (0.079) and 0.757 (0.074), respectively. Although the results of our analysis do not support the routine use of DTP imaging with 18F-FDG PET in the differential diagnosis of pulmonary nodules, this technique may provide additional information in selected cases with equivocal results from initial scanning. Further prospective research is required to better define the potential benefits of DTP 18F-FDG PET imaging.

To improve the lower leg impact performance of the vehicle bumper in the collision of vehicle to pedestrian, the finite element (FE) model of a vehicle front structure was developed, and correlated with the test results. The lower legform impactor FE model was used to investigate the performance of the vehicle bumper at different structure conditions. It was finally determined that vehicle to lower legform impact performance can be improved by reducing the energy absorbing foam stiffness and modifying the bumper bracket structure to enlarge the collapse space.

At present, development of ground-coupled heat pump technology in China has entered the stage of large-scale project application from purely theoretical stage. The key question is how to apply theory to practice efficiently. However, there are still a large number of scholars who remain in the Researches on theoretical heat transfer of buried tube heat exchanger and theoretical soil thermal equilibrium. So it is essential to know the status of ground-coupled heat pump, the pressing issues and trends in the development process. This paper revealed the development status of ground-coupled heat pump, analyzed problems combining with engineering examples and predicted the development trend reasonably. The important issues are mass demonstration and promotion, which need reasonable solutions and proven technology.

There is a problem that the difficulty in text classification will increase when the number of classes increases, to which hierarchical structure is a viable solution. Well, a document’s hierarchical structure is usually maintained only by hand, which require substantial manpower to find the correct position of a document in the class hierarchy or to reconstruct the hierarchy. Constructing the hierarchical structure automatically by clustering the training samples can effectively reduce the cost of manual maintenance, and at the same time, it can avoid the conflict between the prior knowledge and the statistical properties of the sample set caused by artificial maintenance of the hierarchy.

In the past 20 years, coal bed methane (CBM) surface well technology has made some progress in mining active areas in China, but it still remains at its experimental and study stage, and industrialized and large-scale development has not been achieved. The research of the key technologies, such as the distribution of surface wells, the identification and protection of the high-risk locations of casing damage, the optimization of well structure, and the security monitoring of surface drainage in mining active areas, is the key for CBM surface well development in mining active areas of China.

The late Middle Anisian Daonella fengshanensissp. nov. from the upper part of the Lower Member of the Banna Formation near Jinya in northwestern Guangxi, southwestern China, represents the earliest appearance of Daonellain this region. With regard to stratigraphical occurrence as well as morphological features the new species is in a transitional position between Enteropleuraand more derived species of Daonella. The new species is an early representative of the genus Daonellaand regarded as phylogenetically being near the genus’ origin. It is characterised by a small posterior auricle similar to Enteropleuraand flat-topped radial ribs resembling later species of Daonella. Its anterior shell sector is large. The shell sculpture of juvenile stages closely resembles both Daonellaand Enteropleura, supporting the hypothesis that Daonellamay have evolved from Enteropleura.

Introduction. Postoperative delirium can increase cognitive impairment and mortality in patients with Parkinson’s disease. The purpose of this study was to develop and internally validate a clinical prediction model of delirium after deep brain stimulation of the subthalamic nucleus in Parkinson’s disease under general anesthesia. Methods. We conducted a retrospective observational cohort study on the data of 240 patients with Parkinson’s disease who underwent deep brain stimulation of the subthalamic nucleus under general anesthesia. Demographic characteristics, clinical evaluation, imaging data, laboratory data, and surgical anesthesia information were collected. Multivariate logistic regression was used to develop the prediction model for postoperative delirium. Results. A total of 159 patients were included in the cohort, of which 38 (23.90%) had postoperative delirium. Smoking (OR 4.51, 95% CI 1.56–13.02, p<0.01) was the most important risk factor; other independent predictors were orthostatic hypotension (OR 3.42, 95% CI 0.90–13.06, p=0.07), inhibitors of type-B monoamine oxidase (OR 3.07, 95% CI 1.17–8.04, p=0.02), preoperative MRI with silent brain ischemia or infarction (OR 2.36, 95% CI 0.90–6.14, p=0.08), Hamilton anxiety scale score (OR 2.12, 95% CI 1.28–3.50, p<0.01), and apolipoprotein E level in plasma (OR 1.48, 95% CI 0.95–2.29, p=0.08). The area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC) was 0.76 (95% CI 0.66–0.86). A nomogram was established and showed good calibration and clinical predictive capacity. After bootstrap for internal verification, the AUC was 0.74 (95% CI 0.66–0.83). Conclusion. This study provides evidence for the independent inducing factors of delirium after deep brain stimulation of the subthalamic nucleus in Parkinson’s disease under general anesthesia. By predicting the development of delirium, our model may identify high-risk groups that can benefit from early or preventive intervention.

The United States Visible Human Project (VHP) created a digital image data set of complete human male (data acquisition finished in November 1994) and female (data acquisition finished in December 1995) cadavers in magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), computed tomography (CT), and anatomical (anatomic serial section) modes. VHP aroused worldwide enthusiasm for Visible Human Research (VHR), and the data set is being used in a variety of research and educational domains. The Visible Korean Human (VKH) male was produced in March 2001. To accelerate worldwide VHR and to promote virtual anatomy as a revolutionary break with conventional anatomy, more visible human data sets representative of different populations of the world are in demand. The Chinese Visible Human (CVH) male (created in October 2002) and female (created in February 2003) project achieved greater integrity of images, easier blood vessel identification, and were free of organic lesion (unlike the other visible human projects). We performed data acquisition, three-dimensional (3D) reconstruction, and visualization with improved technology to create CVH male and female. CVH is the first volumetric data representing a complete normal adult human male and female of an Asian population. This article presents the history of Chinese Visible Human cadavers and the methods and technology used to produce the data set. Anat Rec (Part B: New Anat) 275B:190–195, 2003. © 2003 Wiley-Liss, Inc.

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No relevant conflicts of interest to declare.

Background.Statins exert both anti-inflammatory and immunomodulatory effects. There is evidence that statins trigger tumor-specific apoptosis in patients with multiple myeloma (MM). The etiologic role of statins in the risk of MM, however, is not well understood. Methodological challenges of observational studies on statin use include use of self-reported data on drug exposure, cross-sectional exposure assessment, and short duration of follow-up with limited sample size. To rigorously investigate the long-term effects of statins on the incidence of MM, we conducted a pharmacoepidemiologic study using nationwide computerized inpatient/outpatient visits and prescription records from the Taiwan universal health care claims database.

Supplemental Digital Content is available in the text

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