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[Display omitted] • A triple-layered superhydrophobic coating with mechanical stability was designed. • SiC was employed to endow the coating with an ultra-strong armoured structure. • The R ct of the coating was 8 orders of magnitude higher than bare Q235 substrate. • The coating exhibited anti-corrosion durability in marine atmospheric environment. Continuously enhancing the mechanical stability and durability of superhydrophobic corrosion-resistant materials is a great challenge for researchers. In this paper, we developed a SiC armoured triple-layered superhydrophobic coating with super-robustness on Q235 carbon steel substrates. The triple-layered coating was achieved by sequentially applying an epoxy (EP) resin adhesive layer, a SiC-armored skeleton structure, and a superhydrophobic F-Al 2 O 3 @EP layer. The resulting coating demonstrated outstanding non-wetting superhydrophobicity, featuring a static water contact angle (WCA) of 157.7 ± 0.5° and a sliding angle (SA) of 3.7 ± 0.6°. Moreover, the designed triple-layered superhydrophobic coating exhibits ultra-low interfacial adhesion force and demonstrates self-cleaning ability. Its mechanical stability was significantly heightened, enduring more than 2700 sandpaper abrasion cycles, 2200 tape-peeling cycles, and 3000 g sand impact resistance. Additionally, the coating displayed superior corrosion resistance with eight orders of magnitude enhanced charge transfer resistance (R ct), 590 mV positive shift corrosion potential (E corr), and six orders of magnitude lower corrosion current density (I corr) in a 3.5 wt% NaCl solution. Impressively, the SiC armoured triple-layered superhydrophobic coating demonstrated prolonged marine anti-corrosion performance, enduring immersion in a 3.5 wt% NaCl solution for over 1200 h and exposure to the outdoor marine atmospheric environment for more than 3360 h. We believe the development of superhydrophobic materials with high stability and durability contributes to their widespread adoption and multifunctional applications. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

• Properties of Ti/Steel DED-LB joints were enhanced by using BNi-1+Cr interlayer. • Reaction between Ni and Ti atoms was restricted by Cr addition. • Original deposition cracks were alleviated by Cr addition and preheating treatment. • Distribution of Ti-Ni-based IMCs affected failure mode of Ti/Steel DED-LB joints. For searching alternative strategies to improve reliability of titanium and steel dissimilar bimetallic joints manufactured by directed energy deposition with laser beam (DED-LB), pure titanium was considered as cladding deposited on carbon steel substrate with Ni-based alloy interlayers in this work. Effect of different interlayer modification methods on the microstructure evolution and mechanical properties of joints was analyzed systematically. The distribution of intermetallic compounds (IMCs) such as β-Ti, Ti 2 Ni, TiNiFe 0.2 , Ti 2 Ni 3 Si and TiB 2 in joints was revealed. The results showed that original deposition cracks caused by residual stress during processing could be alleviated by substrate preheating treatment while suppressed by the modified interlayer with Cr completely. Notably, additional Cr could reduce reaction activity between Ti and Ni atoms by raising laser molten pool liquidus, leading to fewer IMCs in joints. As a result, both bonding strength and toughness of joints were remarkably improved. The findings emphasize more significance of optimizing Ni-based interlayer composition with Cr than preheating method to improve the mechanical performance of DED-LB joints. [Display omitted] [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This document provides a straightforward overview of new hunting gear for the 2024-2025 season. It includes information on a variety of guns, bows, crossbows, and accessories such as scopes and hunting boots. The document presents prices and specifications for each product, allowing library patrons to easily compare and research different options. It is a useful resource for those interested in purchasing hunting equipment. [Extracted from the article]

[Display omitted] • Barringtonia acutangula leaf extract (BALE) exhibited a great corrosion inhibitor for carbon steel in aggressively acidic environment. • Ilexosapogenin A, arjunic acid, taraxerol, tormentic acid and α-amyryltetracosanoate as the main chemical components were isolated from BALE. • The major compounds form a solid protective layer on the carbon steel surface. • The work suggests a novel process for precisely characterizing the chemical constituents in plant extracts. Corrosion inhibitors based on leafs have been suggested as a potential candidate due to their availability as natural materials, environmental friendliness, low cost and regeneration. In this study, the chemical investigation of Barringtonia acutangula leaf - water extract (BALE) was conducted by chromatography and nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR). For the first time, the presence of five terpenoids including ilexosapogenin A, arjunic acid, taraxerol, tormentic acid and α-amyryltetracosanoate was reported. In addition, 3000 ppm BALE is shown to be a possible mixed corrosion inhibitor for carbon steel in 1 M HCl solution. A robust and smooth protective layer with 14.3 nm of surface roughness was created, displaying a great inhibition efficiency of 97.01 ± 0.18 %. On the other hand, uninhibited surfaces displayed serious corrosion at a rapid rate. X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy results confirmed the association of the main BALE components with iron oxides/hydroxides in the protective film layer, ensuring higher inhibition performance. Therefore, the work presented potential materials added to the corrosion inhibitor system as well as a novel process for precisely characterizing the chemical constituents in plant extracts used as the corrosion inhibitor. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

• Organic-inorganic hybrid superamphiphobic coating was constructed. • The coating exhibits high CAs and low SAs for water and oil droplets. • The R ct and low-frequency modulus was improved by 7–8 orders of magnitude. • Superamphiphobicity was retained after 480 h salt spray and 2400 h outdoor exposure. • The coating shows remarkably delayed freezing and reduced ice adhesion strength. Superhydrophobic materials have shown tremendous potential in various fields. However, the adhesion, wetting, and pinning of low-surface-tension liquids greatly limit their multifunctional applications. Therefore, the creation of superamphiphobic coatings that combine superhydrophobic and superoleophobic properties through a simple preparation strategy is desirable. In this study, we successfully developed an organic-inorganic hybrid superamphiphobic coating on Q235 carbon steel using aluminum oxide nanoparticles, organosilanes, and waterborne epoxy resin via a versatile spray-coating technique. The coating exhibited high contact angles (> 151°) and low sliding angles (< 7°) for water and oil liquids, demonstrating excellent superamphiphobic characteristics. Electrochemical tests demonstrated significant improvements in charge transfer resistance and low-frequency modulus for the superamphiphobic coating. The corrosion potential shifted positively by 590 mV, and the corrosion current density decreased by four orders of magnitude. Additionally, the coating endured 480 h of salt spray and 2400 h of outdoor atmospheric exposure, showcasing superior anti-corrosion capacity. Freezing tests of water droplets at –10 °C and –15 °C confirmed that the coating significantly prolonged the freezing time with reduced ice adhesion strength. We believe that the designed superamphiphobic coating with integrated functionalities of self-cleaning, anti-corrosion, anti-icing, and anti-liquid-adhesion can provide important solutions for extending the lifespan of materials in marine and industrial environments. [Display omitted] [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

[Display omitted] As an environmentally friendly organic coating, phytic acid conversion coating (PACC) has been widely used for the protection of metals. In this study, the evolution of PACC on carbon steel under compressive stress is studied via multiple electrochemical and morphological approaches. Interestingly, electrochemical results show that a strengthening effect on PACC can be found when proper stress is applied, which is much distinct from the rule for oxide passive films. The proper compressive stress can effectively improve the corrosion protection performance of PACC, thus enhancing the corrosion resistance of carbon steel to chloride attack. As the applied stress increases, a detrimental effect is confirmed for compressive stress on the PACC layer. The protective PACC layer with the highest protection efficiency and coating adhesion is obtained at 100 MPa. In combination with the observations of SEM/XPS, a three-stage model is proposed to illustrate the evolution of PACC under compressive stress. In the natural stage, numerous cracks form in the PACC layer. In the strengthening stage, the PACC layer is compacted and the cracks in it are greatly healed. In the weakening stage, buckles and partial shedding emerge due to the overlarge stress. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

[Display omitted] • The unique chemical structure of Closantel drug including a high number of heteroatoms, aromatic structures, and multiple bonds can introduce the expired form of the drug as an affordable and potent corrosion inhibitor. • The electrochemical results demonstrated that the chemi/physisorption (with ΔG ads ≈ −20.5 kJ/mol) of the expired drug on the immersed steel hindered the access of aggressive agents. • The significant inhibition efficiency (up to 95.5 % at 800 ppm) of the inhibitor for carbon steel in HCl proved that the expired drug can be considered as a potent green corrosion inhibitor. • The molecular dynamic simulation revealed that the expired drug's molecules adsorbed horizontally on the surface of carbon steel, indicating favourable metal-inhibitor adsorption interaction. • According to the quantum chemical results, the high electronegativity value of Closantel molecule (4.657 eV) proved that the expired drug possessed good electron accepting features for effective adsorption on the metal surface. The unique molecular structure of Closantel, a pharmaceutical compound, with a high number of heteroatoms, aromatic structures, and multiple bonds can introduce the expired form of the pharmaceutical compound as a potent anti-corrosion agent (ACA) for carbon steel in acidic solutions. In this way, the present study explored the employment potential of the expired pharmaceutical compound as a sustainable ACA using experimental and computational approaches. The results demonstrated that the chemi/physisorption (ΔG ads ≈ −20.5 kJ/mol) of the expired pharmaceutical compound on the soaked metal hindered the access of aggressive agents, with a significant inhibition efficiency (up to 95.5 %) at the optimum dosage (800 ppm). [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

• Finite element method simulation shows highest stress at X80 U-bend bottom. • Uniform corrosion rate of X80 U-bend is 60% of that for unstressed square coupon. • Electrochemical tests corroborate weight loss and pitting data trends. • Sharp microcracks appear on X80 U-bend coupon after 12 weeks in D. vulgaris broth. • Pre-cracked X80 U-bend fails after 6 weeks of immersion in D. vulgaris broth. Sulfate reducing bacteria (SRB) are widely present in oil and gas industry, causing pitting corrosion on pipeline steel. Stress corrosion cracking (SCC) often occurs in the presence of mechanical stress before pitting perforation failure, leading to economic losses and even catastrophic accidents. In this study, stress distribution simulation using the finite element method (FEM), corrosion analysis techniques and electrochemical corrosion measurements were employed to investigate the SCC mechanism of X80 pipeline steel caused by Desulfovibrio vulgaris , which is a common SRB strain used in microbiologically influenced corrosion (MIC) studies. It was found that D. vulgaris MIC caused sharp microcracks on an X80 U-bend coupon after only 2 weeks of immersion at 37 °C in the deoxygenated ATCC 1249 culture medium inoculated with D. vulgaris. The X80 U-bend coupon's weight loss-based uniform corrosion rate for the 12 cm2 surface was 60% of that for the unstressed flat square coupon (2.3 mg cm−2 vs. 3.8 mg cm−2). This was likely because the square coupon had wide MIC pits, providing a larger effective surface area for more sessile cells (4.2×108 cells cm−2 on square coupon vs. 2.4×108 cells cm−2 on U-bend coupon) to attach and harvest more electrons. An SCC failure occurred on an X80 U-bend pre-cracked at the outer bottom after a 6-week immersion in the D. vulgaris broth. Apart from MIC damage, this could also be because D. vulgaris metabolism increased the availability hydrogen atoms on the steel surface, and promoted the diffusion of hydrogen atoms into the metal lattice, thus increasing the brittleness of the steel. D. vulgaris biofilm caused microcracks on X80 U-bend outer bottom surface after 14 days of incubation in (deoxygenated) ATCC 1249 culture medium at 37oC (left) with proposed SCC mechanism (right). [Display omitted] [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Abstract Manganese sulfide inclusions have been identified as a key factor contributing to the degradation of pitting corrosion resistance in both carbon and stainless steels. However, the precise reasons behind the differential reactivity of various sulfides, with some serving as active sites for pitting while others remain inactive, are not yet fully understood. The effect of debonding occurring at the interface between these inclusions and the steel matrix in relation to pitting corrosion has not been extensively investigated. In this study, an examination of a service-exposed pipeline girth weld was conducted. Immersion testing in blowdown water and multi-scale characterization techniques investigated the inclusion-matrix interface debonding within the heat-affected zone. Our findings suggest that interfacial debonding is more likely at the Al2O3-MnS cluster interface. This observation offers a rationale for the selective reactivity of sulfides that form clusters with oxides, highlighting the likelihood that only sulfides clustering with oxides act as active pitting initiation sites. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The shielding gas used in welding processes has properties that can affect the operating characteristics of electric welding arcs. Characteristics such as welding voltage, heat input, and thermal profile, which in turn affect weld geometry, are strongly influenced by the properties of the gas used. Thus, this work aimed to evaluate how preheating the shielding gas influences the gas tungsten arc welding (GTAW) process. For this, a heating system was developed that allowed the variation and control of the gas exit temperature during the tests. A methodology for studying the electric arc was proposed, evaluating the voltage-current, profile, and luminosity values. Autogenous welds were performed on carbon steel plates with different gas temperatures, and penetration and width were observed. The results showed that the use of gas preheating influenced the characteristics of the arc and, consequently, weld geometry. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

[Display omitted] • Alloying (Cr, Mo, and V) in low carbon steel influences CO 2 corrosion resistance. • The effect of alloying varies according to the solution chemistry saturated with CO 2. • Alloying, particularly Cr, had adverse effects under neutral aqueous conditions. • In contrast, alloying had beneficial effects under slightly acidic conditions. • Dual-layer scale (Cr(OH) 3 + FeCO 3) was attributed to superior corrosion resistance. The corrosion behaviors of steels alloyed with Cr, Mo, and V were examined in two different solution chemistries: near-neutral (pH 6) and weakly acidic (pH 4.5) solutions saturated with CO 2. In near-neutral solutions, Cr alloying hindered the formation of a stable corrosion scale on the surface, reducing the corrosion resistance compared to conventional low-carbon steel. On the other hand, the alloyed steel exhibited higher corrosion resistance in acidic solutions. In contrast to the conventional carbon steel, which had a single scale of crystalline FeCO 3 scale on its surface, a more stable bi-layer of corrosion scale consisting of an inner layer of amorphous Cr(OH) 3 and an outer layer of crystalline FeCO 3 was developed on the alloyed steel. This was attributed primarily to the increased thermodynamic stability of Cr(OH) 3 with an increase in Cr contents at this solution pH. Moreover, the increase in Cr with Mo addition resulted in a refinement of FeCO 3 on the outer surface through increased hydrolysis reactions leading to a decrease in the local pH on the steel surface. Furthermore, adding V, even in minute quantities contributed to an increase in Cr-enrichment in the inner scale by suppressing M 7 C 3 precipitation and leaving more Cr in the solid solution. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this work, we investigated the inhibitory properties of an eco-friendly composition based on polysaccharide (gum Arabic) and zinc acetate for corrosion resistance enhancement of low-alloy carbon steel in a neutral environment. Electrochemical results showed that the inhibitory efficiency of the composition increases with increasing its concentration and reaches its maximum at 2.0 g/l of each component. The inhibitory efficiency of the composition, calculated from impedance dependences after 24 hours immersion of steel in a 0.1% NaCl solution, was 98%. The protective effect of the composition is associated with the adsorption of zinc acetate and gum Arabic due to the presence of hydroxyl and carboxyl groups in them, and the ability of Zn2+ cations to interact with OH– anions with the formation of zinc hydroxides, which block cathode areas and slow down corrosion. The adsorption of zinc acetate and gum Arabic on the steel surface was described by the Langmuir isotherm most completely. Electrochemical impedance spectroscopy results indicate the formation of a protective film, which probably consists of Fe2+-Zn2+-gum Arabic-acetate complexes. The formation of a protective film on the steel surface in inhibited solutions was confirmed by scanning electron microscopy and energy dispersive X-ray analysis results. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This article provides tips for cutting and grinding stainless steel using bonded abrasive products. Stainless steel has a protective coating that grants it resistance to corrosion, rust, and oxidation, but this coating can be easily damaged. The article emphasizes the importance of using products specifically designed for stainless steel to avoid contamination and after-rust. Proper storage and handling practices are also highlighted to prevent cross-contamination. Additionally, the article advises caution with heat, as excessive heat can cause discoloration on the material surface. Choosing high-performance products and using proper technique can help reduce labor and achieve desired results. [Extracted from the article]

• Effect of green corrosion inhibitors on carbon steel corrosion by SO 2 was examined. • Adsorption of a molecular complex on the carbon steel surface inhibited corrosion. • Inhibitory behavior depended on functional groups in the inhibitor molecule. • All the prepared inhibitors affected the SO 2 absorption loading. To understand the feasibility of using carbon steel in the flue gas desulfurization process, the corrosion protection of carbon steel was investigated by adding four green corrosion inhibitors (12-aminolauric acid; 4-carboxyphenylboronic acid; 1,2,3-benzotriazole; and L-methionine) to an ammonia solution containing histidine as the SO 2 absorbent. The effects of the corrosion inhibitors on the corrosion rates of carbon steel and SO 2 absorption performance were investigated. We observed that 1,2,3-benzotriazole was the most effective corrosion inhibitor, reducing the corrosion rate by 73 % and increasing the SO 2 absorption loading by 8.3 % compared to other corrosion inhibitors. Scanning electron microscopy/energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy and X-ray diffraction studies were conducted to understand the corrosion inhibition behavior of 1,2,3-benzotriazole. The formation of the Fe n -(SO 2 -BTA) m complex and its subsequent adsorption on the carbon steel surface blocked active sites and inhibited corrosion. This study demonstrated the feasibility of effectively using carbon steel under harsh environmental conditions such as in desulfurization. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

[Display omitted] Photocathodic protection (PCP) is a promising eco-friend method to reduce the corrosion of metals. Considering industrial applicability, it is imperative to adopt cost-effective materials for implementing PCP on corrosion-vulnerable carbon steel (CS). This study examined the potential of photocatalytic TiO 2 -polyvinyl butyral (PVB) materials for PCP of CS and stainless steel (STS) using commercially available P-25 photocatalyst particles. The TiO 2 -PVB-electrophoretic deposition (EPD) film exhibited the improved cathodic protection time of STS owing to PVB addition. When the film was applied to various substrates, it achieved a PCP of −0.6 to −0.7 V SCE due to the photogenerated electrons under UV irradiation. For the CS, the PCP potential was maintained for more than 1.5 hours, even after light irradiation. We have found that PCP was achieved by E corr > E PCP of CS in an acidic environment, while in a neutral and basic environment, the corrosion of CS and photocathodic electronation contributed simultaneously to E corr ≈ E PCP. One findings is that the application of PCP effectively reduces the corrosion rate of CS in a 3.5% NaCl solution, regardless of the pH of the corrosive environment. This highlights the capability of PCP as a viable method for mitigating corrosion on CS. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In-service welding simulations were carried out using a multiphysics finite element analysis (FEA). Calculated data as temperature and thermal cycles were validated by comparing them with experimental welding results carried out in a carbon steel pipe attached to a water loop. Two in-service welding cases were tested using the GMAW-P process with and without the assistance of induction preheating. The molten zone of weld macrographs and the simulated models were matched with excellent accuracy. The great agreement between the simulation and experimental molten zone generated a maximum error in the peak temperature of 1%, while in the cooling curve, the error was about 10% at lower temperatures. A higher hardness zone appeared in the weld's toe within the CGHAZ, where the maximum induction preheating temperature achieved was 90°C with a power of 35 kW. Induction preheating reduced the maximum hardness from 390 HV to 339 HV. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This article from the Welding Journal provides a step-by-step guide on how to modify a flat-bottomed boat for duck hunting by adding flotation pods. The author emphasizes the importance of ensuring the boat is clean and dry before beginning the welding process to reduce metal stress. They also provide tips on setting up the welding equipment and techniques for welding aluminum. The article concludes with instructions on how to test for leaks and ensure the stability of the boat. The author, Mike Sammons, is a global product manager at ESAB Welding and Cutting Products. [Extracted from the article]

[Display omitted] • Robust superhydrophobic composite coating was fabricated via spraying method. • The coating possesses self-cleaning, anti-fouling, and liquid-repellency properties. • The coating exhibits sustainable corrosion resistance and long-term weatherability. • Superhydrophobicity was maintained after 150 tape-peeling and 80 abrasion cycles. In this paper, a superhydrophobic composite coating was developed employing epoxy resin (EP), polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS), and hexadecyltrimethoxysilane (HDTMS) functionalized Al 2 O 3 nanoparticles as raw materials through a versatile and easily-scalable spray-coating technique. The water contact angle (WCA) and sliding angle (SA) of the designed superhydrophobic composite coating were 154.1 ± 0.7°and 3.5 ± 0.3°, respectively. The superhydrophobic composite coating features Cassie-Baxter phase contact, liquids repellency, anti-fouling, and self-cleaning properties for various liquid and solid contaminants. Compared with bare Q235 carbon steel, the charge transfer resistance (R ct) value of superhydrophobic composite coating immersed in the 3.5 wt. % NaCl solution can be remarkably enhanced by more than 7 orders of magnitudes with a corrosion inhibition efficiency of 99.99%. The coating maintain its superhydrophobicity, ultra-low adhesion force, and sustainable corrosion resistance even suffering 150 tape-peeling and 80 abrasion cycles. The improved durable mechanical robustness and interfacial bonding force can be attributed to the cross-linked and polymerized three-dimensional network micro-nano hierarchical structures formed by the combination of EP, PDMS, and embedded Al 2 O 3 @HDTMS nanoparticles. Besides, the accelerated salt-spray corrosion test (480 h) and atmospheric corrosion exposure (100 days) of the coating demonstrated superior anti-corrosion performance in both laboratory and real-world corrosive environments. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

[Display omitted] The purpose of this work was to reveal the initiation mechanism of grain boundary dissolution (GBD) for carbon steels in acidic electrolytes containing NO 2 –. For Q235 carbon steel in a HNO 3 -NaNO 2 solution with pH 4, the electrochemical methods of potentiodynamic polarization and scanning Kelvin probe force microscope (SKPFM) were applied to explore electrochemical behavior, and the surface methods of scanning electron microscope (SEM), electron back-scatter diffraction (EBSD) and scanning tunneling microscope (STM) were applied to explore surface microstructure and composition. Q235 carbon steel presented the electrochemical behavior of activation-passivation-transpassivation in pH 4 HNO 3 -NaNO 2 solution, GBD occurred on steel surface during anodic polarization. GBD initiation, which showed a selective characteristic, was found at the grain boundaries of relatively high Si and Mn contents (high Si-Mn grain boundary) when Q235 carbon steel was polarized to active–passive transition potential. The grain boundary segregations of Si and Mn played a critical role in the initiation of GBD, and an electrochemical micro-couple (EMC) mechanism based on the Si and Mn segregations was proposed to reveal GBD initiation. EMC potential difference between high Si-Mn grain boundary and grain interior was greater than that between low Si-Mn grain boundary and grain interior, resulting in that GBD initiated at high Si-Mn grain boundary. The detailed EMC mechanism of GBD initiation was discussed in this work. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

MIL-88(Fe) was used as an oxidant and a hard template for the synthesis of polypyrrole (PPy) on its surface, and the formation of PPy made the surface of MIL-88(Fe) rougher as well as more voids formed in the interior. The increased specific surface area allowed more benzotriazole (BTA) (17.8 wt%) loaded on PPy/MIL-88 particles. BTA/PPy/MIL-88(Fe) was employed as a novel corrosion inhibitor to enhance the corrosion resistance of epoxy coating for carbon steel. BTA/PPy/MIL-88(Fe) filler improved the corrosion resistance of EP coating without/with artificial scratch by delaying the cathodic and anodic reactions in corrosive media. Both BTA and MIL-88(Fe) played the role of corrosion inhibitors, making EP coating possess active corrosion protection and pH-sensitive performance. Besides, BTA/PPy/MIL-88(Fe) enhanced the adhesion of EP coating by filling the pores inside. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

[Display omitted] • Hybrids of carbon nanotubes and copper are micro-powders with nanostructures. • The Hybrids embedded epoxy resin can build superhydrophobic coating. • The coating with copper powder prolongs the anti-biofouling life. • The coating remained superhydrophobicity under tape-peeling 300 times. In this work, hydrophobized copper powders combined siloxane-modified carbon nanotubes (SHMWCNTs) to obtain intertwined hybrids of carbon nanotubes and copper (CNTs-Cu hybrids), and superhydrophobic CNTs-Cu hybrids/epoxy coatings were prepared on the surface of AH36 carbon steel by drop coating. The surface morphology and wettability of coatings were changed by adjusting the ratios of SHMWCNTs to hydrophobized copper powders. The obtained coating can show a water contact angle of 167.2°, a water sliding angle of 2.9°, a plant oil contact angle of 134.3°, and self-cleaning properties. The coating maintains superhydrophobicity after 300 tape-peeling times, exhibiting excellent mechanical durability. The fouled area percentages of chlorella on the coating and a pure epoxy resin were 0.23(±0.07)% and 12.18(±1.22)%, respectively, displaying anti-biofouling resistances. The coating has excellent corrosion resistance, and its corrosion current density reached 9.55 × 10-8 A/cm2. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article focuses on Rockler's 10" Shop Shears with Sheath, designed for cutting challenging materials like wood veneer and thick chair webbing with precision and reduced hand fatigue due to ergonomic features. It highlights Starbond's Black Medium-Thick Viscosity CA Glue as a versatile adhesive and filler for concealing imperfections and enhancing woodworking projects with subtle accents.

This document is a catalog of various products related to off-road vehicles and outdoor activities. It includes items such as a belt temperature sensor for GPS units, spark-plug resistor caps, ATV clutch kits, adhesive-backed heat barriers, trailers, Dirt Wheels-branded apparel, hydration packs, and gun care spray. The catalog provides information on the features, prices, and contact details for each product. It is a useful resource for individuals looking to purchase equipment or accessories for their outdoor adventures. [Extracted from the article]

Integrating healable and reportable ability to sustain new-generation smart anticorrosion coatings with long-term durability is highly desirable to accommodate the development of marine industries. Herein, a new type of dual-function coating is designed to fulfill the needs. Through introducing the smart nanocontainers based on the core of HNTs loaded with 8-hydroxyquinoline (8HQ) and the shell made from sodium tripolyphosphate-chitosan (CS) into conventional epoxy matrix, the smart healable and reportable anticorrosion coating on carbon steel (Q235) was developed. Electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) and salt spray measurement indicated the corrosion inhibition effect of the nanocontainers and healable performance of composite coatings. Benefitting from the 8HQ, the designed waterborne epoxy coating displayed higher low-frequency modulus after 60 days of immersion, confirming the long-term protection ability. Besides, the composite coating exhibited obvious dark-green color at damaged region to timely sense and report the local corrosion in 30 min of immersion tests. This smart coating with sensitive corrosion visualization and well-performed healable properties holds great potential in actual anticorrosion fields. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

• A model for predicting the phase content of tempered high carbon steels is proposed. • The microstructure during tempering are studied by thermal analysis, TEM, and XRD. • The predicted results are in good agreement with the experimental results. Quantitative prediction of phase content is of great importance to control and optimize the heat treatment process of steels. In this work, a model for predicting the phase content of tempered high carbon steels was proposed by taking a martensitic 100Cr6 bearing steel as a model case. The microstructural transformations during tempering were studied using thermal analysis, transmission electron microscopy (TEM), and X-ray diffraction (XRD). Kinetics analysis of thermal evolution by employing the isoconversional method, and assisted by TEM and XRD characterization, were performed to quantitatively estimate the volume fractions of different phases after tempering. A series of isothermal tempering experiments were designed to verify the model. The predicted results were in good agreement with the experimental results of XRD and electrolytic extraction measurements. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

• Corrosion products on different regions of C1045 bolt are characterized for the first time. • Differential aeration/concentration effects induced heterogeneity in the corrosion products. • Reactive phases, γ-FeOOH and β-FeOOH dominated at the exposed and contact region, respectively. • Magnetite, Fe 3 O 4 was detected in both regions under low oxygen conditions. • Due to the low amount of α-FeOOH, the rusts in both regions lack stability and protectiveness. This study investigated the characteristics of corrosion products formed on the contact and exposed regions of C1045 steel bolt and nut fasteners exposed to aqueous chloride environments. The corroded surface morphology, rust compositions, and corrosion kinetics of the bolt specimen were studied by visual observation, optical microscopy (OM), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), X-Ray diffractometry (XRD), micro-Raman, electron probe micro-analyser (EPMA), and potentiodynamic polarization techniques. Results obtained showed a variation in corrosion kinetics, morphology, and composition of the rust layer which were driven by differential aeration and concentration effects. Due to the availability of sufficient dissolved oxygen, the oxyhydroxide compound, lepidocrocite (γ-FeOOH) was detected in the outer rust layer in the exposed region, whereas the inner rust layer was composed of magnetite (Fe 3 O 4). However, the oxygen-deficient contact surface revealed the presence of akaganeite (β-FeOOH) and magnetite (Fe 3 O 4) as dominant oxide phases. The most stable phase, goethite (α-FeOOH) was also detected in the rust formed in both regions, though in significantly low amounts. Furthermore, owing to variation in environmental conditions, the amount and density of the rust layer varied in the different regions. The estimated corrosion stability values for the different regions revealed that the corrosion products formed on the steel surfaces were non-protective, suggesting the need for specific surface treatment as a protective measure. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

[Display omitted] • The extract of acanthopanax senticosus leaf (ASLE), prepared using pure water extraction, can act as an eco-friendly novel corrosion inhibitor for carbon steel in HCl solution. • The long-term corrosion inhibition performance of ASLE is superior, the maximum value reaches 98.79 % for 150 mg/L at 144 h. • ASLE can form a hydrophobic protective film through physical–chemical adsorption. In this work, the extract of acanthopanax senticosus leaf (ASLE), prepared using one-step pure water extraction method, is firstly utilized as a sustainable eco-friendly corrosion inhibitor for carbon steel in acidic solutions. The corrosion inhibition efficiency is evaluated by weight loss method and electrochemical tests, including electrochemical impedance spectroscopy and potentiodynamic polarization curve. The compositions of ASLE are analyzed using Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, components and microstructures of corrosion products are characterized by scanning electron microscopy and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy. Results indicate that ASLE is successfully prepared using the clean production process, and it can act as an efficient mixed-type corrosion inhibitor for Q235 carbon steel in 1 mol/L HCl. The maximum corrosion inhibition efficiency can reach 98.79 % after 144 h immersion with the addition of 150 mg/L. ASLE also displays the superior long-term corrosion inhibition performance. The protective hydrophobic adsorption film can effectively retard the invasion of aggressive ions and inhibit the corrosion of carbon steel in acidic service occasions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

• Working electrode (WE) can be altered by potentiodynamic polarization in MIC. • Half-scans (from OCP) using one WE are far more accurate than continuous scan. • Continuous scan in either direction tends to incur large deviations in e corr and i corr. • Continuous scan compresses 1st half-scan curve voltage range and elongate the 2nd. • Repeated half-scans using the same WE are likely permissible in most MIC cases. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]