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Copyright of Journal of Harbin Institute of Technology. Social Sciences Edition / Haerbin Gongye Daxue Xuebao. Shehui Kexue Ban is the property of Harbin Institute of Technology and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

The paper considers the processing technique for amplitude-frequency response of turning and boring CNC machine units. The technique developed by V.A. Kudinov is proposed as the basic one. The essence of the technique is that the use of the experimental or calculated frequency characteristics makes it possible to determine the values of the constants characterizing natural frequency of vibration, decrement factor, unit stiffness, or weight of the technological system elements. The logarithmic decrement is calculated from the resonance peak breadth by applying the formula of the vibration theory for the system with one-degree-of-freedom vibrations. The force of impulse action on the system units is determined by experiment based on measurements by accelerometer built in an impact hammer. The theoretical amplitude-response curve is plotted for the vibration displacement of the units and the logarithmic decrement is calculated in MathCAD. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A good lead firm, said M.Jr.Harper, means being in control its future and to be master of the future is learning to work with the information. But one can not seriously claim that the accounting information fully meet all the information needs of different user groups, especially when it comes to accounting management whose role is perceived differently by each entity, depending on the purpose and objectives management. Given the complexity of public healthcare institutions, especially public hospital units, it becomes necessary to thorough knowledge of the organization and exercise management control as accurate determination of costs, determining the strengths and shortcomings of cost calculation and assessment information their implications on the performance of the entities is a constant imperative of decision making. In this context we want to point out that it is the method impact Time Driven Activity Based Costing over the management of the hospital units . [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Abstract: For the calculation of seasonal efficiency and primary energy demand of a heat generation sub-system, a European reference standard (EN 15316-4-1) is available. Two of its methods of calculation are adopted by a specific Italian standard (UNI TS 11300-2). The input data necessary for the application of these methods are often unavailable, and so it is necessary to turn to tabulated data or to data derived from correlations provided by the standard itself. Here we evaluate the effects due to the usage of input data provided by the manufacturers in comparison to those proposed by UNI TS 11300-2. This comparison is carried out for a case study, an apartment provided with a natural gas condensing boiler. The discussion clearly demonstrates the importance of a deep characterization of the heat generator in the calculations of the primary energy consumption. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]

Abstract: Theoretical methods of calculating of two-dimensional magnetic fields, inductive parameters and output characteristics of the new type of high-temperature superconducting (HTS) synchronous motors with a composite rotor are presented. The composite rotor has the structure containing HTS flat elements, permanent magnets and ferromagnetic materials. The developed calculation model takes into account the concentrations and physical properties of these rotor elements. The simulation results of experimental HTS motor with a composite rotor are presented. The application of new type of HTS motor in different constructions of industrial high dynamic drivers is discussed. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]

Research on channel bed profiles is one of the basic topics of river dynamics and fluvial process studies, since it was closely associated with the problems such as turbulent structure, flow resistance and sediment transportation in alluvial rivers. As a result of motion water flow interacting with sediment, channel bed profiles have irregular plane structures and self-similar microstructures, which were better analyzed by fractal method to reflect the intrinsic rough characteristics. In this study, several existing fractal dimension calculation methods were compared quantitatively, along with the discussion of their non-scale zones, correlation coefficients and computational accuracies. The following methods are included in this paper: Yard Stick Method, Box Counting Method, Variation Method, Structure Function Method, Root Mean Square Method and R/S Analysis Method. Finally, it is suggested that the Structure Function Method is suitable for calculating fractal dimension of rough channel bed profiles, which can provide references for future micro-fractal studies on fluvial process, flow resistance and waterway regulations. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The constant increase of the economic efficiency, as well as the requirements of the managerial teams within the market economy determine the need to improve the methods of cost calculation in order to grow their role in current decision making. The purpose is to increase the operability of the data provided to the managers, to increase the informative content on the costs, in terms of efficiency indicators needed to determine the scientific management of the economic activity, to improve the distribution of the indirect costs by using appropriate benchmarks, etc.So, in order to remove the disadvantages of the traditional methods, modern methods of calculation were invented, methods adapted to the new market conditions which provide, in addition to financial information about the costs of goods or services, other non-financial information on internal processes and customer costs. These methods enable the integration of the cost analysis in the strategic approach of the company, thus contributing to the decision making regarding the portfolio of the products and the services provided by the company. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The present paper reports results of the investigation on shrinking of the concrete mixture which is often used for casting the new bridges. The study is based on the experimental results obtained in three research projects which were performed under financial support provided by the Lithuanian State Fund of Research and Studies at the Vilnius Gediminas Technical University from 2005 to 2009. The accuracy of the most popular shrinkage prediction techniques was analysed using the test data. The analysis has shown that the Eurocode 2 method has given the most accurate predictions. The attention was also pointed on the analysis of the steel fibres influence on the shrinkage deformations of the structural concrete. The performed statistical analysis has indicated that the steel fibres application as admixture significantly reduced the free shrinkage strains. The paper has concluded that utilisation of the steel fibres is very effective way of increasing the service properties of concrete bridges. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Abstract: Based on the research results of the ecological water requirement both in China and abroad, this study divided the research process of the ecological water requirement into four stages .The embryonic stage of ecological water requirement from 1940s to 1970s, represents the rapid development of the in-stream flow methods and the preliminary discusses of the determination of the minimum stream flow. During this stage the formal view of the ecological water requirement was not formed. The view of the ecological water requirement was formed during 1980s, mainly represented the maturation of the study in stream discharge in foreign countries, the formation of the allocation study''s embryonic of eco-environmental water requirement and the initial proposal of ecological water requirement problems .The broad scale research of ecological water requirement which have been a focus around the world from 1990s to the early 21st century, mainly represented the essential perfection of the conception of the ecological water requirement and the development of the related theory and methods. Since the21st century, the inclined maturity stage mainly represents the further study of the conception and the methods of all kinds of ecological water requirement. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]

This paper presented a newly-developed analysis procedure for establishing equivalent single degree of freedom systems (ESDOF) , based on the modal pushover analysis procedure with higher precision. The modal pushover analysis procedure was limited in terms of its inability to account for ground motion when establishing ESDOF. The suggested method overcomes the shortcoming. This method is characterized by its high efficiency of calculation and clear physical meaning, which eliminates the need to calculate modal combination step by step. And it was validated by calculating a shaking table test of a 12-storey reinforced concrete frame model. The structure model was calculated separately using nonlinear time history method, the method introduced herein and conventional modal pushover analysis procedure. Through the comparison of the calculation results, it was found that the higher-mode relative excited magnitude by ground motion is the main reason for modal coupling. And the suggested method yields higher precision than conventional modal pushover analysis procedure, especially for high frequency ground motion. So it has good adaptability. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

After more than 10 years of study, researchers at the Vrije Universiteit Brussel have developed a new non-alkaline mineral polymer named inorganic phosphate cement (IPC). This ceramic is reinforced by glass fibres in order to increase the toughness, the tensile strength and the stiffness of the resulting composite material. This new material is combined with a traditional material such as concrete to result in a new concept of bridge cross-section. The deck is made of concrete and the box girder is made of IPC sandwich panels. This paper presents two stress calculation models regarding the mechanical behaviour of hybrid IPC-concrete elements. The first considers the bilinear tensile behaviour of the IPC material. The second constitutive model simplifies the bilinear behaviour of the material by an equivalent linear behaviour. Comparison of the two calculation models shows that approximation of the complex behaviour of the IPC composite by an equivalent linear behaviour induces limited errors on the maximal normal stresses and deflection values. Therefore, the equivalent linear method is an easy way to determine the parameters necessary for the first global design at the ultimate limit state and serviceability limit state of the structure. Moreover, this method is safe, and therefore is appropriate for determining the dimensions of a hybrid IPC-concrete structure in the preliminary design stage. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In the schematic design stage, accounting for the embodied carbon emissions (ECEs) from buildings during design optimization is indispensable for saving energy and reducing emissions from the source. Since the traditional inventory analysis method is more widely applied in the mature construction drawing design stage or with a detailed bill of quantities, developing a method suitable to provide design feedback during the schematic design stage is urgently needed. The key issues of the method that need to be solved are the lack of design information and the difficulty in obtaining quantities. To address the limitations, this paper proposes a BIM-based calculation method that takes the "building element" (BE) as the basic unit, and the accuracy is verified by a frame-structure case study. For this method, it is imperative to create carbon emission factors (CEFs) of the BEs as the basis of calculation combined with the quantities extracted from the model schedules by encoding, which can significantly contribute to the calculation. The results show that this method has good accuracy and high efficiency and can identify potential hotspots of ECEs, which conforms to design process and habits and provides design feedback function for carbon emission reduction (CER). At the schematic design stage, the application of this method can quantitatively evaluate the ECEs and optimize the design from the BE level so that the concept of low carbon design can be truly put into practice and the energy savings and emission reductions of buildings can be controlled as early as possible. • A method for quantifying embodied carbon emissions in schematic design is proposed. • Building element as the basic unit for BIM-based calculation. • Creating carbon footprint factor database of elements is the premise of method. • Encoding elements to connect database and quantities extracted from schedules. • The method application can identity and reduce emissions from angle of element level. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]