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The aim of this debate article is to promote a discussion of a historiographical nature (not ideological, not political) about the meaning, place and role of gender in both the rural past and the rural historiography. The discussion revolves around a variety of questions, ranging from the relevance, the opportunity and the very history of the use of gender category in rural history, to the analysis of gender (im)balances in the community of historians working in this broadly defined field of studies, not to mention the very definition of what is meant by gender. These and other related topics, for which there are no single or definitive answers, are debated here in a roundtable format. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article discusses rural social mobilization in the Galicia region of Spain late in the rule of Francisco Franco and during the post-Franco democratic transition. Particular attention is paid to conflicts over fiscal issues such as the business quotas of the rural social security system ("Seguridad Social Agraria") and the conflict over reservoir construction. Social unrest among the peasantry is subjected to sociological analysis, with attention to social issues predating the period under discussion.

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