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Tremor is a highly prevalent movement disorder that markedly reduces quality of life. The management of severe tremor is particularly challenging. Pharmacological treatment is available, but no real breakthrough has emerged recently. Propranolol and primidone are still the two most recommended agents, followed by topiramate. However, surgical treatments for medically refractory tremors are expanding. Gamma knife (GK) thalamotomy is an option particularly suitable for patients who are not candidates for deep brain stimulation. Owing to the fact that it is a non-invasive procedure without craniotomy, GK radiosurgery has almost no contraindications. Since the late 1990s, more than 250 case reports and patient series have been published. Most of these studies show that unilateral GK thalamotomy is well tolerated and reduces tremor disability. A recent study with prospective blinded assessment has confirmed its safety, together with significant improvements in tremor scores and activities of daily living.

Essential tremor is the most common movement disorder in adults. It is characterized by a postural and kinetic tremor affecting the arms, but it can also affect other body parts. It evolves gradually and can be responsible for a functional impairment in activities of daily living. Its pathophysiology remains poorly understood and effective therapeutic options are limited. There are significant semiological variations between patients, and the term “essential tremor” seems to encompass a wide range of heterogeneous clinical phenotypes. The diagnostic criteria presented in 1998 are now challenged. Furthermore, there is a current debate concerning the etiology of this affection, as to whether essential tremor is a complex degenerative disorder or a functional reversible disorder of neuronal oscillation. In this review, we summarize some aspects of clinical, etiologic and therapeutic news, to better address the questioning on unravelling the clinical presentation and examine the current pathophysiological controversy in this disorder.

L'appariement par score de propension est une méthode usuelle de contrôle du biais de confusion dans les études observationnelles qui évalue l'effet d'un traitement sur une variable à expliquer. Cette illustration dans le cas de groupes de traitement avec des effectifs très différents a pour objectif de présenter les éléments à vérifier dans un tel contexte.

Platelet-rich plasma (PRP) injections are increasingly proposed for the treatment of Peyronie's disease since the discontinuation of Xiapex® despite poorly understood results.

Intracavernosal injections of platelet-rich plasma (PRP) or P-shot® are increasingly proposed as a curative treatment for organic sexual dysfunction despite the lack of evidence of effectiveness.

L’injection de plasma riche en plaquettes (PRP) est de plus en plus proposée en traitement à visée curatrice de dysfonctions sexuelles organiques et en traitement de la maladie de Lapeyronie (ML) depuis l’arrêt de commercialisation du Xiapex® malgré des résultats mal connus. Nous avons conduit deux études pilotes dont les objectifs étaient d’évaluer la tolérance et l’efficacité d’injections intra-caverneuses de PRP (P-shot®) ou d’injections intra-plaques respectivement chez des patients présentant une dysfonction érectile (DE) d’origine vasculaire ou une ML.

We report here that Msx1 (formerly Hox-7.1) is expressed at high levels in uterine epithelial cells of the non-pregnant adult. These cells undergo pronounced changes in morphology in response to embryo implantation and show a concomitant decrease in Msx1 levels. While Msx1 is restricted to the uterus in adulthood, we observe Msx1 expression throughout the entire perinatal Müllerian duct epithelium in the prospective uterus, cervix and vagina. Through analysis of tissue recombinants, the expression of Msx1 in the epithelium was shown to be dependent upon an interaction with the underlying mesenchyme of uterine origin. The capacity of uterine mesenchyme to support or induce Msx1 expression in Müllerian epithelium is correlated with mesenchymal expression of Wnt-5a. Whereas Msx1 expression in the epithelium results from interaction with uterine mesenchyme, Wnt-5a expression is an intrinsic property of the uterine mesenchyme and does not depend upon the epithelium. The observation that Msx1 is expressed in the adult uterine epithelium and that conversion of the presumptive vaginal epithelium to uterine epithelium can be elicited only during the first week of postnatal development when Msx1 expression is detected suggests that, in addition to regulating various aspects of uterine epithelial morphology and function (e.g. gestation), this homeobox-containing gene plays a role in maintaining the uterus in a morphogenic and developmentally responsive state prerequisite for its unique function.

Propenlap (projet IC061626, STIC) est une étude multicentrique (n=13) prospective avec relecture centralisée des pièces opératoires, comparant la voie rétropubienne à la voie mini-invasive (laparoscopique sans et avec robot assistance), en termes carcinologiques, fonctionnels et économiques. L’objectif principal était de montrer que la voie mini-invasive permettait d’obtenir des résultats carcinologiques non inférieur à ceux de la voie ouverte.

Propenlap (projet IC061626, STIC) est une étude multicentrique (n=13) prospective avec lecture centralisée des pièces opératoires, comparant la voie rétropubienne à la voie mini-invasive (laparoscopique sans et avec robot assistance) en termes carcinologiques, fonctionnels et économiques. Nous rapportons ici les résultats fonctionnels.

Nowadays, with computer-supported analysis of databases, constructing bibliometric or scientometric indicators may be considered easy. The problem is more to verify the accuracy of the global analysis, including the sampling of data. The global coherence of an analysis depends on the adequacy of all the steps. Using on-line databases, an experiment was designed to demonstrate this. Keeping the same protocol for data collection, the same indicators are used over the various samples. The results from three separate databases are profoundly different.