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Le trichofolliculome est une tumeur annexielle bénigne et rare du follicule pileux. De diagnostic le plus souvent aisé, elle peut être de découverte fortuite lors de l’examen anatomo-pathologique de la biopsie ou de la pièce d’exérèse de la lésion.

Les lésions acrales, principalement à type d’engelures, sont les lésions cutanées les plus fréquemment décrites comme étant associées à la COVID-19. Elles surviennent généralement chez des patients jeunes n’ayant aucun symptôme infectieux ou des symptômes légers. Chez plus de 80 % des patients testés, la PCR SARS-CoV-2 est négative et la sérologie n’est généralement pas effectuée.

From a long time, the traditional source of collagen has been mammals wastes, mainly bovine and porcine skins and bones. This study undertakes a comparative analysis of the viscoelastic behaviour and the structural properties of gelatin gels from both mammalian and fish origins.

The simulation of a chemical process is usually a long and complex task. This paper presents the current stage of development of a general environment for steady state process simulation. First, the progress of a simulation session is detailed and the difficulty of a complex process simulation is analysed. Then a study of the potential help is developed. Finally, the structure of the environment is described.

The objective of this work is to help the user of a simulation software to prepare a simulation run. To this end, the user has to supply the simulator with numerous data of various kinds and our goal is to help him to define a set of coherent data. In this paper, we indicate on the example of a stream specification how constraint propagation techniques can be used to reach this objective. After a brief description of the basic principles of constraint propagation, we give an algorithm for the good specification of a stream. This algorithm relies on the transformation of the equations linking the various properties of a stream into a set of constraints expressing necessary conditions for a stream being correctly specified. By the end, we show how to advise the user on specifying a stream from constraint propagation. Future works will consist in extending constraint propagation to the assignment of the other variables required for a simulation run.

Une nouvelle espèce de pentacrine, Balanocrinus maritimusnov. sp., est décrite à partir de plusieurs spécimens relativement complets découverts dans le Kimméridgien inférieur (biozone à Rupellense) au Nord de La Rochelle (Charente-Maritime, France). Sa place au sein de la sous-famille des Balanocrininae et du genre Balanocrinusest discutée ainsi que la taphonomie du gisement et les indices paléoécologiques. Ces crinoïdes sont morts rapidement enfouis par des coulées boueuses, à une profondeur qui pouvait atteindre plusieurs centaines de mètres.

This paper describes the prototype of an expert system for the technical analysis of cement kilns. Technical analyses are complex tasks performed by an expert to diagnose malfunctions, to evaluate the effects of recent modifications on the plant, or simply to strike a detailed balance of normal plant operation. The expert system is composed of three modules. The first module deals with flowsheet description through the SPI interface. SPI is a general package which can be used in applications to graphically describe a flowsheet and to automatically generate an internal object-based representation of the flowsheet from its graphical description. Moreover, procedures for automatic deductions can be implemented within SPI, in order to help the user provide the application with relevant data in an economic way and to ensure flowsheet consistency. The goal of the second module is to plan the measurements campaign according to the plant structure and the purpose of the analysis. The third module performs the measurements processing by analysing the process parameter's trend and normality. After the module's contents have been described, the knowledge representation is discussed. The first module relies extensively on object oriented programming while the two others use production rules. Taxonomies for process elements and diagnosis concepts are described, and abstracts of sessions giving examples of rules used in the knowledge bases are provided. Synergy between objects and rules is highlighted. The importance of flowsheet representation and input is highlighted. Finally, it is pointed out that knowledge acquisition has been enhanced by the competence of the expert system designer both in computers sciences and in chemical engineering. The programme presented here is a prototype which takes into account the diversity and the variety of the analysis task, although it does not envisage all the possible cases. It has proved the suitability of the expert system approach for tackling the technical analysis of cement kilns.

• We retrospectively analyzed 63 observations collected in nine French departments of dermatology of an acute pustular dermatosis, recently named in the French literature acute generalized exanthematous pustulosis (AGEP). Even though 11 of these cases occurred in patients with a history of psoriasis, AGEP appeared distinct from pustular psoriasis based on several slight pathologic differences, drug induction in most cases, and a more acute course of fever and pustulosis, with rapid spontaneous healing. We, therefore, suggest that AGEP is a reaction pattern, perhaps favored by a "psoriatic background." The most frequent causes of AGEP seem to be drug reactions, acute infections with enteroviruses, and hypersensitivity to mercury. With 55 (87%) of 63 cases attributed to drugs in this series, AGEP should be added to the list of cutaneous adverse drug reactions. Among druginduced skin eruptions, AGEP is remarkable by its short time to onset after the administration of the suspected drug (<24 hours in half of our cases) and the great predominance (80%) of antibiotics as causative agents. It is suggested that some cases previously reported as "drug-induced pustular psoriasis" were in fact AGEP.(Arch Dermatol. 1991;127:1333-1338)

Des manifestations cutanées variées survenant lors d’infection par le SARS-CoV-2 ont été rapportées depuis mars 2020. Nous rapportons celles recueillies dans le cadre de l’étude COVID-Skin de la Société française de dermatologie (SFD).

Le trichofolliculome (TF) est une tumeur rare bénigne du follicule pileux se présentant sous la forme d’une papule ou d’un nodule isolé du visage ou du cuir chevelu de diagnostic habituellement aisé. Nous rapportons ici une série de 6 cas illustrant son polymorphisme sur le plan clinique.