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ABO blood system is not only important for determining the lifestyle diseases, blood transfusion and exchange but it has also been found to be highly relevant to genetic marker of obesity. Recent studies are trying to explore the relation between blood grouping and obesity, and blood group diets and management of obesity. But still there are limited studies related to reduction of weight from blood group diets. The aim of this study is to examine the association of blood groups and weight reduction through a Moderate-Fat, Balanced Nutrient Reduction Diets among overweight and obese adults. A longitudinal study was conducted over 175 overweight and obese adults (>18 years and <60 years of age) of urban Bihar. A planned diet regime was followed by participants for a period of six months, and their anthropometric measurements were used for statistical analysis. There were substantial decreases in weight, BMI and waist circumference across different blood groups resulted through moderate-fat balanced nutrient reduction diet plan in both genders. For all blood groups, BMI reduction was at least 3.78 kg/m2 through the program, and the program was most effective for blood group O positive participants. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background and Aim: A comprehensive understanding of an athlete's physical fitness and overall condition is paramount in professional sports, especially wrestling. Such insights are instrumental in talent identification, sculpting training regimens, and, ultimately, ensuring success on the field. Given this backdrop, this study embarked on a mission to meticulously investigate the variances in body composition and diverse elements of physical fitness among the elite Olympic athletes of Iraq. The emphasis was on delineating correlations or disparities based on their blood groups. Methods: Adopting a robust semi-experimental approach, this research incorporated 40 young, spirited wrestlers from Baghdad. These athletes represented a spectrum of blood groups: A, B, AB, and O, all unified by a positive RH factor. Spanning from January 2021 to May 2023, post the acquisition of informed consent; these participants underwent rigorous laboratory evaluations. These assessments delved into determining their blood group, deciphering body fat percentages, BMI metrics, and gauging attributes like endurance, muscle tenacity, speed, agility, anaerobic prowess, and peak oxygen consumption. To ensure data integrity, analyses were diligently performed using the renowned SPSS22 software, with a stringent significance benchmark of .05. Results: The findings were revelatory. Clear-cut distinctions were evident across the four blood group categories (p < .05). Athletes with the O blood group consistently eclipsed their counterparts, while the AB group presented a contrasting picture, trailing in most metrics. Conclusion: The research underscores that an athlete's blood group might significantly determine their physical composition and performance capabilities, especially in Olympic sports. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective of the research was to identify dominant morphometric features of periodontal phenotype and anthropometric parameters of the maxillary central incisor in patients with generalized periodontitis and various blood types. 570 patients aged 20-55 years with established diagnosis of generalized periodontitis of the initial, I, II and III stages were examined. Determination of blood groups according to the AB0 system was performed using gel technology on the immunohematological analyzer. Study sample distribution considering different blood types demonstrated the following pattern: 0 (I) - 32.28%, A (II) - 29.65%, B (III) - 21.05%, AB (IV) blood group - 17.02%. Provided analysis revealed that cluster A1-ThinS (thin scalloped gingival phenotype with a thin tooth shape) was present in 39.30% patients (224 persons), cluster A2-TS (thick scalloped gingival phenotype with a thin tooth shape (or medium)) was detected in 28.77% patients (164 persons), and cluster B-TF (thick flat gingival phenotype with a square tooth shape) - in 31.93 % patients (182 persons). Carriers of 0 (I) and A (II) blood types with generalized periodontitis demonstrated morphological predisposition to the occurrence and intensification of dystrophic-inflammatory alterations within the periodontium due to the higher prevalence of periodontal A1-ThinS and A2-TS clusters among them. Carriers of B (III) and AB (IV) blood types, among which the thick phenotype of periodontium was prevailed, characterized with greater prevalence of the mild generalized periodontitis, and lesser prevalence of II and III stages of periodontitis. No statistically significant difference in the length of the maxillary central incisor crown was found considering potential impact of blood type and periodontal cluster affiliation of the subjects (p > 0.05). It was noteworthy that the maxillary central incisor crown width/crown length ratio in patients with generalized periodontitis belonging to the B-TF cluster was significantly higher than in those with the A1-ThinS cluster, and did not depend on the blood group. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In an ethnically diverse country like India, establishing a national rare donor registry is a massive challenge. We aimed to establish a regional rare donor registry at our center by screening the local donor population for rare phenotypes. Serological testing of O blood group donors was done using monoclonal antisera from Bio-Rad for 23 different blood group antigens, which include Rh subgroups (C,cE,e), Kell (K,k, Kpa, Kpb), P1, Duffy (Fya, Fyb), Kidd (Jka, Jkb), Lewis (Lea, Leb), Lutheran (Lua, Lub), H, M, N, S and s. We categorized the donors with rare blood phenotypes into two categories. Category-I: High-frequency antigen-negative phenotypes with a prevalence of less than 1% in our study population. Category-II: Multiple common antigen-negative phenotypes with a prevalence of less than 1% in our study population. A total of 521 donors with blood group O, meeting the inclusion criteria among a total of 23567 were phenotyped for minor blood group antigens. Out of these, 85.6% (n = 446) were Rh D positive, and 14.4% (n = 75) were Rh D negative. The male-to-female ratio was 9:1. We had identified eight rare phenotypes in category-I and 18 rare phenotypes in Category-II according to the definition adopted in our study. We have noticed a significant decrease in turnaround time in providing rare blood to patients after implementing the registry. This is a first-of-its-kind rare donor registry established in South India. Establishing a national rare donor registry is the need of the hour in India. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Caries is the most common chronic infectious disease in children. It is caused by some correlating factors, including genetic. Genetic factor plays role in caries initiation and development. Moreover, genetic factor can affect dental enamel formation, dental morphology, salivary flow, and salivary composition. This study aimed to review the role of genetic factor on risk for dental caries in primary teeth. We performed scoping review. Systematic literature searches were conducted using several electronic databases, such as PubMed and Google Scholar. Screening guidelines were conducted according to PRISMA Extension for Scoping Reviews (PRISMA-ScR) guidelines. Inclusion and exclusion criteria were determined based on Population, Concept, and Context (PCC) framework. A total of 12 eligible studies was included in the analysis. We showed that genetic factor is associated with risk for dental caries in primary teeth. The genetic factor was obtained from inherited fingerprint patterns, gene polymorphism, blood types, and parental consanguinity. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Cukurova Medical Journal / Çukurova Üniversitesi Tip Fakültesi Dergisi is the property of Cukurova University, Faculty of Medicine and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Revista Colombiana de Biotecnología is the property of Universidad Nacional de Colombia and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Cukurova Medical Journal / Çukurova Üniversitesi Tip Fakültesi Dergisi is the property of Cukurova University, Faculty of Medicine and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

The distribution of ABO blood groups may vary among nations and races. ABO blood group is associated with its susceptibility to several diseases. Aggressive periodontitis (AP) is a multifactorial disease, influenced by several risk factors, such as microbiology, immunology, genetic, and environmental. Microbiology is the main etiology of AP, but genetic factor also has a big role in periodontal disease, especially AP. As a genetic factor, the ABO blood group may have a role in periodontal disease. The study aimed to find out the distribution of ABO blood groups among patients with AP. This study used a descriptive method with a retrospective approach. The data was taken from the medical record of AP patients from January 2015 to December 2018. The data were taken by the total sampling technique. The results showed that from 40 patients with AP in the department of Periodontology, University of Padjadjaran Dental Hospital, Bandung, Indonesia. 11 people were A blood type (27.5%), 15 people were B blood type (37.5%), 3 people were AB blood type (7, 5%), and 11 people were O blood type (27.5%). Most aggressive periodontitis patients had B blood type. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: The frequency of ABO, Rh and Kell blood group antigens differs among populations of different ethnic ancestry. There are low-frequency antigens (<1%) and high-frequency antigens (>90%). A rare blood group is defined as the absence of a high-frequency antigen in the general population, as well as absence of multiple frequent antigens within a single or multiple blood group systems. Aim: To perform red blood cell typing and to calculate the antigen and phenotype frequencies, in order to identify rare blood group donors within the clinically most important АВО, Rh and Kell systems. Material and Methods: АВО, Rh (D, C, E, c, e) and Kell (K) antigen typing was performed using specific monoclonal sera and microplate technique, while Cellano (k) typing was performed with a monoclonal anti-k, antihuman globulin and column agglutination technique. Weak ABO subgroups were determined using the absorption elution method or molecular genotyping (PCR-SSP). Results: ABO antigen frequency is: A (40.89%), O (34.22%), B (16.97%), AB (7.92%) and weak ABO subgroups (0, 009 %). The established genotypes were AxO1 (0, 0026%) and AxB (0, 001%). Rh antigen frequency is: D (85.79%), C (71.7%), c (76.0%), E (26.0%) and е (97.95%). The most common Rh pheno-type is the DCcee (32.7%) while the rarest phenotype is the DCCEE phenotype (0. 003%). The prevalence of K and k antigen is 7.5% and 99.94%, respectively. The frequency of the rare phenotype K+k- is 0.06%. Conclusion: Large scale phenotyping of blood group antigens enables the identification of blood donors with rare blood groups for patients with rare phenotypes or with antibodies to high-frequency antigens and to frequent antigens within one or more blood group systems. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Contributions / Prilozi (1857-9345) is the property of Sciendo and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Circulating blood is a readily available scaffold when enough bleeding cannot be induced from periapical tissues during regenerative endodontic treatments (RETs). The aim of this investigation was to compare the radiographic outcome (ie, linear and 3-dimensional volumetric) of RET using periapical blood or circulating blood as scaffolds in sheep immature mandibular incisors. Thirty-two immature sheep mandibular central incisors were randomly assigned to the following groups (n = 8): the positive control groups, the pulps were removed without any treatment; the periapical blood group, RET was performed using periapical blood as the scaffold; the circulating blood group, RET was performed using circulating blood as the scaffold; and the negative control group, intact teeth without any treatment. After 8 months, micro–computed tomographic images of mandibular blocks were taken to assess the following: root length, root thickness at the midroot and cementoenamel junction levels, and the incidence of apical closure. Root structures were segmented, and root volumes were calculated and analyzed statistically. RET using periapical blood and circulating blood resulted in increases in root length and root wall thickness at the midroot and cementoenamel junction levels, the incidence of apical closure, and root volume (P <.05). There were no significant differences between the RET groups and the negative control group regarding linear measurements (ie, root length, root thickness, and apical closure) (P >.05). The root volumes of the 2 RET groups were similar (P >.05) and were less than those observed in the negative control group (P <.05). There were no significant radiographic differences between the RET groups using periapical blood and circulating blood as scaffolds. RET resulted in less root volume compared with normal root development. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Aims and Objective: The purpose of this study is to determine the association between "ABO" and "Rhesus" blood types and type 2 diabetes in India. Material and Methods: This study was carried out at Sardar Patel Medical College and associated group of Hospitals, Bikaner, Rajasthan, India from April 2021 to June 2021. This study included total 80 individuals out of whom 40 individuals were T2DM patients, and 40 individuals were non diabetic apparently healthy controls. All T2DM patients who had follow up at Medical College and Hospital, Bikaner, Rajasthan, India during the study period, volunteers, and apparently healthy blood donors who donated blood during the study period were included in the study. The collected data were entered and analyzed with SPSS version 20 (IBM, USA). Descriptive statistics were performed on sociodemographic and clinical data, and odds ratios and chi-square tests were performed. Results: In India, blood group O and blood group AB were found to be more frequent in diabetes mellitus. When Chi-square test was applied, a statistically significant association was found between blood group O, AB and diabetes mellitus. The frequency of Rh positive blood type was found to be high in diabetic patients. Conclusion: The results of this study suggest that ABO blood group phenotype is significantly associated with T2DM, and the mechanism of this association should be investigated in the future. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The world was shocked by novel coronavirus disease-19 (nCoV-19) in Wuhan City which declared as a pandemic by World Health Organization (WHO). There are still some problems, especially in the appearance of both Variant of Investigations and Concerns caused second or third wave. These variants related to the Spike glycoprotein mutation and genetic risk factors on chromosome number 3 and 9. The findings of this article review was COVID-19 severity related to the genetic risk factor namely in chromosome 3p21.31 and 9q34 which its relationship is reciprocal in the level of C5a and SC5b-9 on the ABO groups with the worst severity was on A blood group. A blood group had higher increase of ferritin and procoagulant factor that reflected the severity of the disease and exaggerated complement activation leading to acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS). The mutations in D614G Spike glycoprotein resulted in changing aspartic acid into glycine also increased the transmission factor even though in the vaccinated persons through neutralizing antibodies of vaccine induced antibody. We review the severity and increased transmission in COVID-19 related to both genetic of host risk factors and mutation of Spike SARS-CoV-2 glycoprotein which their relationship was reciprocal. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The COVID-19 pandemic had a great impact on the socio-economic stability of every country. To curb the effect and risk of transmission, governments implemented various measures including the mandatory vaccination of their citizens. However, despite these efforts, many people are still hesitant to take the vaccine because of various reasons and biases. This paper attempts to explore the perceptions of the people who have undergone vaccinations regarding the various side effects to provide inputs to vaccine manufacturers and assist people in making informed decisions in selecting the appropriate vaccine for them. The study further explored the correlation and association of age, weight category, diet category, blood type, and sleeping patterns with the severity of the selected vaccine side effects. The results revealed that vaccine side effects are associated with the vaccine type. Age, gender, weight category, diet category, blood type, and sleeping patterns have significant relationships to one or more side effects. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: In Burkina Faso, red blood cell (RBC) transfusion remains the crucial anaemia treatment following chronic renal failure (CRF) as erythropoietin and its analogues are unavailable. However, blood group matching beyond the ABO and Rhesus is not common in Burkina Faso. Thus, alloimmunisation is a potential issue for transfused patients. Objective: Our study aimed to identify anti-erythrocyte antibodies in multi-transfused CRF patients at the Yalgado Ouedraogo Teaching Hospital, Ouagadougou, Burkina Faso. Methods: This cross-sectional study, conducted from October 2018 to November 2019, included CRF patients who had received at least two RBC units. We screened patients for the presence of RBC antibodies using three commercial Cells panels and identified antibody specificities for positive screenings using 11 Cells panels for an indirect antiglobulin test (IAT) in a low ionic strength microcolumn gel-card system. Results: Two hundred and thirty-five patients (45.1% female; average age: 41.5 years) were included. The median number of blood units received per patient was 10 (interquartile range: 5–20). The overall alloimmunisation rate was 5.9% (14/235). Antibodies identified included: anti-D (1 case), anti-C (1 case), anti-D+C (4 cases), anti-CW (1 case), anti-E (1 case), anti-S (1 case) and anti-Lea (1 case). In four positive patients, the specificity of the antibodies was indeterminate. No risk factors were associated with alloimmunisation. Conclusion: In Burkina Faso, screening for RBC alloantibodies should be mandated for patients at risk. The high rate of indeterminate antibodies suggests the need to develop a local RBC antibody panel adapted to the local population. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: The occurrence of high titres of alpha (anti-A) and beta (anti-B) haemolysin immunoglobulin G antibodies in blood causes haemolysis during blood transfusion from a group O donor, commonly and inappropriately known as the 'universal blood donor', to a group A, B or AB recipient. Surprisingly, haemolysin testing is not routinely done during blood transfusion services in Bamenda, Cameroon. Objective: This study aimed to determine the prevalence of haemolysin among blood group 'O' donors at the Regional Hospital Bamenda Blood Bank, Bamenda, Cameroon. Methods: This was a cross-sectional descriptive study carried out between June and September 2020 at the Regional Hospital Bamenda Blood Bank, Bamenda, Cameroon. Blood group O donors who were free from transfusion-transmissible infections were selected systematically and serially and their serum tested for the presence of haemolysin. Haemolysin titres were determined, and titres ≥ 8 were considered significant. The associations between haemolysin prevalence and age group, gender and Rhesus D blood group were determined using the chi-square test. Results: The prevalence of haemolysin among the 480 study participants was 52.1% and significant haemolysin titres were detected in 18.5%. There was no association between haemolysin and gender, age group or the Rhesus D blood group. Conclusion: The prevalence of significant titres of haemolysin among participants in this study was high. There is the need to test for haemolysin in blood group O donors to prevent the potential risk to blood group A, B, and AB recipients and to provide safer blood for transfusion. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Genetic predispositions may influence geographical and interethnic differences in COVID-19 prevalence and mortality in affected populations. Of the many genes implicated in COVID-19 progression, a substantial number have no direct functional link on virus transfer/viability or on the host immune system. To address this knowledge deficit, a large number of in silico studies have recently been published. However, the results of these studies often contradict the findings of studies involving real patients. For example, the ACE2 has been shown to play an important role in regulating coronavirus entry into cells, but none of its variations have been directly associated with COVID-19 susceptibility or severity. Consistently was reported that increased risk of COVID-19 is associated with blood group A and with the APOE4 allele. Among other genes with potential impacts are the genes for CCR5, IL-10, CD14, TMPRSS2 and angiotensin-converting enzyme. Variants within the protein-coding genes OAS1 and LZTFL1 (transferred to the human genome from Neanderthals) are understood to be among the strongest predictors of disease severity. The intensive research efforts have helped to identify the genes and polymorphisms that contribute to SARS-CoV-2 infection and COVID-19 severity. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Biomédica: Revista del Instituto Nacional de Salud is the property of Instituto Nacional de Salud of Colombia and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Alloimmunization to minor blood group antigens is a problem that has for long befuddled the blood bankers, requiring blood group phenotyping of target populations worldwide. However, the same exercise had been lacking in our Armed Forces population necessitating this pilot study. A total of 2000 recruits of a regimental center in northern India were phenotyped for major and minor blood group antigens including ABO, Rhesus (D, C, c, E, and e antigens), Kell (K), MNSs (S and s antigens), Kidd (Jka and Jkb), and Duffy (Fya and Fyb) using commercially prepared polyclonal antisera on a fully automated system based on electromagnetic technology. Typing for M and N antigens (MNSs system) was performed using the tube method using company provided specific polyclonal antisera. The results were also compared with that of Indian and other populations of the world. Blood group antigen frequencies observed in our study population were mostly in sync with the prevalence rates of major and minor blood group antigens reported in other studies; however, in certain cases, they were also at variance. In our study, Rh D–negative antigen, JKa-Jkb- phenotype frequency were comparatively much higher than those reported in other Indian studies. To conclude, ours was a pilot study to establish the database of major and minor antigens of Armed Forces combatants. However, it is recommended that if the same effort can be replicated at the other transfusion centers and major hospitals of Armed Forces, it will vastly benefit their alloimmunized patient clientele needing lifesaving transfusions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Hepatitis C virus remained a public health problem with approximately half of the patients untreated and undiagnosed. Chronic HCV is a leading cause of cirrhosis, fibrosis, hepatocellular carcinoma and other hepatic morbidities. Active HCV has a prevalence rate of about 1% (71 million). By July, 2019, 10 million population of Pakistan was declared to have active HCV infection. According to World Health Organization, 23,720 people died of hepatitis-related complexities in Pakistan in 2016. Individuals with certain types of ABO blood groups were more susceptible to diverse kinds of infections. For instance, blood types A and AB predisposed individuals to severe malaria, while type O conferred resistance to the many of the protozoan agent. This study was designed to explore the association of hepatitis C viremia to blood groups, Rh factors, age and gender distribution among Pakistani population. Total 246 participants were screened for HCV in Taqwa diagnostics laboratory, Multan and 200 were found positive. They were divided into 4 groups on the basis of their age. First group included patients ranging from 17 to 25 (52), second, third and fourth group included patients from 26 to 34 (92), 35 to 43 (42) and 44 to above (14) respectively. Confirmed Hepatitis C patients were subjected to analysis of blood group, Rh factor and viral load. Results demonstrated that patients having 'O' blood group (60.37%) were reported for high viral load than any of the other blood groups in the patients of Southern Punjab, Pakistan. Furthermore, Rh-negative factor (26.42) was associated with high viral load than that of the Rh-positive factor (73.58). Disclosure practiced that age group (26–34) was reported for the high viral load than that of the any other group of this study. Females were more aggressively affected by HCV Viremia than male because the mean viral load among the females was higher than that of the males. Greater social awareness and gender-sensitive healthcare is necessary to improve the experiences of patients with HCV. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This research evaluated the association between the mother-infant blood type or rhesus (ABO or Rh) incompatibility, the pattern of neonatal jaundice, and serum bilirubin (TSB) values obtained prior to discharge from hospital of healthy born neonates with gestational age >34 weeks and birth weight >2000 g. We utilized a laboratory and neonatal database to identify the cord blood ABO/Rh and direct antiglobulin test (DAT) and TSB measured during hospitalization and re-admission with hyperbilirubinemia for phototherapy treatment. We used hour-specific TSB to analyze the TSB levels for ABO/Rh compatibility and isoimmunization using chi-square, analysis of variance, and regression models. Of the 901 infants studied, 158 (17.5%) had ABO/Rh incompatibility, including 27 with positive DAT. Hyperbilirubinemia was diagnosed in 33.3% DAT positive, 6.9% DAT negative, and 4.6% of infants with compatible blood types. Increased predischarge TSB was observed in DAT positive infants at 48–72 h of postnatal age (P < 0.001). After controlling for age at TSB testing and weight loss percentage, multiple regression analysis did not show any impact of ABO/Rh incompatibility and DAT results on the predischarge TSB levels. Blood type incompatibility increases the frequency of hyperbilirubinemia only in the DAT-positive infants. Irrespective of the isoimmunization status, it does not significantly affect the level of predischarge TSB. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Cukurova Medical Journal / Çukurova Üniversitesi Tip Fakültesi Dergisi is the property of Cukurova University, Faculty of Medicine and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Microorganisms are potential markers for identifying body fluids (venous and menstrual blood, semen, saliva, and vaginal secretion) and skin tissue in forensic genetics. Existing published studies have mainly focused on investigating microbial DNA by 16 S rRNA gene sequencing or metagenome shotgun sequencing. We rarely find microbial RNA level investigations on common forensic body fluid/tissue. Therefore, the use of metatranscriptomics to characterize common forensic body fluids/tissue has not been explored in detail, and the potential application of metatranscriptomics in forensic science remains unknown. Here, we performed 30 metatranscriptome analyses on six types of common forensic sample from healthy volunteers by massively parallel sequencing. After quality control and host RNA filtering, a total of 345,300 unigenes were assembled from clean reads. Four kingdoms, 137 phyla, 267 classes, 488 orders, 985 families, 2052 genera, and 4690 species were annotated across all samples. Alpha- and beta-diversity and differential analysis were also performed. As a result, the saliva and skin groups demonstrated high alpha diversity (Simpson index), while the venous blood group exhibited the lowest diversity despite a high Chao1 index. Specifically, we discussed potential microorganism contamination and the "core microbiome," which may be of special interest to forensic researchers. In addition, we implemented and evaluated artificial neural network (ANN), random forest (RF), and support vector machine (SVM) models for forensic body fluid/tissue identification (BFID) using genus- and species-level metatranscriptome profiles. The ANN and RF prediction models discriminated six forensic body fluids/tissue, demonstrating that the microbial RNA-based method could be applied to BFID. Unlike metagenomic research, metatranscriptomic analysis can provide information about active microbial communities; thus, it may have greater potential to become a powerful tool in forensic science for microbial-based individual identification. This study represents the first attempt to explore the application potential of metatranscriptome profiles in forensic science. Our findings help deepen our understanding of the microorganism community structure at the RNA level and are beneficial for other forensic applications of metatranscriptomics. • Based on RNA sequencing, the microbial community structure was described in six types of forensic samples. • The shared and body fluid-specific active microorganisms were identified. • ANN and RF models were more suitable for the multidimensional data from the small-size sample. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Molecular red cell genotyping is devoid of serology limitations such as the scarcity of rare antisera and the possibility of inconclusive results due to biological interferences. Blood incompatibility can result in immune transfusion reactions such as haemolytic transfusion reactions or haemolytic disease of the foetus and newborn. Objective: The study aimed to use molecular red cell genotyping to identify rare blood group donors among South African blood donors. Methods: Red cell genotyping data were extracted retrospectively from the BIDS XT genotyping software in the Immunohaematology Reference Laboratory from January 2015 to August 2016. The ID CORE XT genotyping assay was used to identify the single nucleotide polymorphisms of 10 blood groups system alleles in 150 donors. Associations between the resultant genotypes and predicted phenotypes, ABO group, RhD type, race group and gender were studied. Results: Significant red cell genetic variability was noted among the numerous South African donor genotypes identified in this study. Genotyping further confirmed the presence of at least one of the 16 rare genotypes in 50 donors. Group O Black donors were associated with two rare blood types, while several other rare blood types were found only in White donors, supporting an association between ABO/Rh subtype, race group and rare blood types. Conclusion: Targeted screening of donors for antigen-negative rare blood units for patients should be done to reduce the risk of haemolytic transfusion reactions and haemolytic disease of the foetus and newborn. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Cell salvage, cell saver, cell processor or autologous blood transfusion is the process of collecting a patient's blood from the surgical field, washing, filtering and transfusing it back to the same patient. There are six basic steps involved in cell salvage. Step one involves the collection of shed blood into a reservoir with an anticoagulant-saline mixture. Step two is the filtration of debris and clots. In step three, the red blood cells (RBCs) are separated from the nonerythrocyte components. This process may be likened to clothes in the washing machine. Washing with saline removes contaminants in step four and the RBCs are resuspended in saline and transferred to the reinfusion bag. Waste products are transferred into the waste bag in step five. In step six, the resuspended, washed RBCs are collected in a bag at room temperature which can be reinfused. The functioning of the cell saver is based on Newton's First and Second Laws of Motion, where centripetal forces are generated to separate the blood components depending on their density. The denser RBCs are driven to the outer wall of the centrifuge bowl with the plasma collecting on the inside. A typical yield will retrieve 50-95.8% RBCs with a final haematocrit of 50-70%. Cell savers are used in procedures with a large volume of anticipated blood loss, high risk of bleeding, low preoperative haemoglobin, in patients with rare blood groups or multiple antibodies and in some Jehovah's Witness patients. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This work represents the first ultrastructural study of the tegument of a freshwater teleost-infecting aporocotylid blood fluke and the first detailed observations of the surface sensory receptors of any aporocotylid. The work was carried out on Sanguinicola inermis from the branchial arteries of the pike, Esox lucius. Light and scanning electron microscopy observations failed to show the presence of protruding surface spines in S. inermis. Transmission electron microscopy studies revealed, deep beneath the distal cytoplasm of the tegument, sporadic, membrane-bound sarcoplasmic processes, each containing a single spine with the typical crystalline structure of digenean spines. On rare occasions, the spine may protrude above the body surface, but in such cases the distal tegumental cytoplasm is extremely flattened. This finding supports a unique, deep origin of aporocotylid spines when compared to those of other digenean families. This character may well prove to be an autapomorphy of the Aporocotylidae, and the position of the base of aporocotylid spines within sarcoplasmic processes supports their origin as a muscle derivative. Unlike other digenean groups, the distal region of the cytoplasmic processes, connecting sunken tegumental perikarya with the syncytial tegumental cytoplasm, is strengthened by peripheral microtubules. Three types of ciliated and three types of non-ciliated sensory receptors were distinguished in the tegument of S. inermis. One of the distinctive features of the ciliated receptors is the unusual position of the basal region of the cilium within a tegumental outgrowth. Such a position has previously been described for certain receptors types in larval and adult schistosomatids and larval diplostomids, suggesting that this feature, in adult worms, might prove to be an apomorphic trait for some or all groups of blood flukes. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Acemannan is an osteoinductive material. This study's objective was to compare the outcomes of bone defect healing using 3-dimensional images after apical surgery with or without adding acemannan sponges. Twenty-two anterior teeth from 9 males and 13 females requiring apical surgery were included in this randomized controlled trial. Post-surgery, the bone defects were randomly divided into three groups: blood clot control, 5-, or 10-mg acemannan sponge groups. CBCT scans were taken immediately (baseline), 3-, 6-, and 12-month post-surgery. Sagittal serial sections (1 mm thick slices parallel to the long axis of the tooth) of the defect image were created. The defect boundary was located and the total bone defect volume (BDV) was calculated from the sum of the volume of the serial defect sections. The bone healing was assessed by the percentage of total bone defect volume reduction (%ΔBDV). The paired t-test and one-way ANOVA were used to analyze the differences within each group and between groups, respectively. The baseline mean BDV of the control, 5-, and 10-mg acemannan groups were not significantly different (p > 0.05). After treatment, the mean BDV for each group was reduced in a time-dependent manner. Compared with the control group, the 5- and 10-mg acemannan groups had a significantly greater %ΔBDV (approximately 2- and 1.89-fold) at 3-months post-surgery, respectively (p < 0.05). However, at the 6- and 12- month follow-up, the %ΔBDV was not significantly different between the groups. These data suggest acemannan enhanced early bone healing after apical surgery. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Neutrophils represent the most abundant cell type in peripheral blood and exhibit a remarkably brief (6–8 h) half‐life in circulation. The fundamental role of these professional phagocytes has been established in acute inflammation, based on their potential to both initiate and receive inflammatory signals. Furthermore, neutrophils also take part in maintaining chronic inflammatory processes, such as in various autoimmune diseases. Here, we demonstrate that human autologous apoptotic neutrophils are readily engulfed by immature monocyte‐derived dendritic cells (moDCs) with similar efficiency as allogeneic apoptotic neutrophils [Majai G et al. (2010) J Leukoc Biol 88, 981–991]. Interestingly, in contrast to the allogeneic system, exposure of moDCs to autologous apoptotic neutrophils inhibits LPS + IFN‐γ‐induced production of inflammatory cytokines in a phagocytosis‐independent manner. Autologous apoptotic neutrophil‐primed DCs are able to modulate T‐cell responses by inducing the generation of IFN‐γ‐secreting cells while hampering that of IL‐17A‐producing cells. Our observations indicate that capture of autologous apoptotic neutrophils by immature DCs may impede further neutrophil‐mediated phagocytosis and tissue damage, and allow increased clearance of dying cells by macrophages. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Acute myeloid leukemia (AML) and myelodysplastic syndrome (MDS) are hematological diseases predominantly occurring in older patients. Although allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (allo-HSCT) remains the curative therapy for refractory AML or high-risk MDS, old age is often a hurdle to the procedure. We conducted a retrospective study to analyze the prognostic factors predicting outcomes of older patients undergoing allo-HSCT for acute leukemia and MDS. Methods: We collected data from patients diagnosed with acute leukemia or MDS, who underwent allo-HSCT at >50 years of age and reviewed clinical characteristics, including age, sex, underlying disease, European Group for Blood and Bone Marrow Transplantation (EBMT) risk score, and presence of acute graft-versus-host disease (aGVHD) or chronic GVHD (cGVHD). The Cox proportional hazard model was adopted to explore the independent prognostic factors for overall survival (OS), progression-free survival (PFS), and non-relapse mortality (NRM). Results: A total of 85 older patients were included, with the median age at allo-HSCT being 55 years. The significant prognostic factors for worse OS or PFS were an EBMT risk score > 3 and grade III-IV aGVHD, while patients with moderate to severe cGVHD would have better OS or PFS. Interestingly, it is not cGVHD but grade III-IV aGVHD that significantly correlated with NRM. Conclusion: This cohort study suggests that an EBMT risk score >3 and grade III-IV aGVHD predict poor outcomes, and careful management of GVHD may allow better survival for older patients undergoing allo-HSCT. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In healthcare, blood testing is observed to be as one of the most significant medical examination tests. In pathology labs, different types of blood cells are counted to diagnose the diseases patient. By counting RBCs (Red Blood Cells) in images of blood cells can play a very great role in detection as well as to follow the treatment process of number of diseases such as anemia, leukemia etc. Counting and examination of blood cells manually by microscope is tedious, time intense and entails a lot of technical expertise. Hence arises a need to come across for automated blood cell detection and counting system that can facilitate physician for diagnosing diseases in fast and efficient way. According to present studies, the RBCs are classified in four types of abnormality, namely elliptocytes, echinocytes, tear drop cells and macrocytes. In this paper, technique has been introduced to count the RBCs automatically. In proposed work, images are classified on the basis of color, texture and morphology. Process of counting of cells is done into three parts: image processing including texture feature extraction using morphology, thresholding segmentation and counting of cells using Hough transformation. The proposed algorithm achieves overall accuracy of 91.667% and is computationally very efficient as it takes only 0.81432 seconds to count the number of red blood cells for different blood samples. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Erythrocyte alloimmunisation can lead to complications such as delayed haemolytic transfusion reaction. Objective: This study investigated the prevalence of and risk factors for red blood cell alloimmunisation among multiply transfused sickle cell disease (SCD) patients in Mwanza City, Tanzania. Methods: From May 2017 to July 2017, this descriptive, cross-sectional, hospital-based study enrolled 200 participants with SCD who had received at least two units of blood in the previous year. Blood count was performed using a Sysmex haematology analyser. Antibody screening was done by the tube method using a panel of three screening cells with known antigenicity. Results: Of the 200 patients enrolled, 108 (54%) were female. The median age was 4.5 years (interquartile range [IQR] = 6), the median number of transfusions was 3 (IQR = 1), and the median pre-transfusion haemoglobin level was 6.6 g/dl (IQR = 2.7). Prevalence of alloimmunisation was 8.5% (17/200) with immunoglobulin G, and one patient developed cold immunoglobulin M antibodies. Blood groups reported were Rhesus C and E, Kell, Kidd and Duffy. There was no statistically significant association between the number of transfusions and the risk of alloimmunisation. Conclusion: The rate of alloimmunisation in multiply transfused SCD patients was 8.5% and higher than other studies in East Africa. Thus, there is a need for extensive red blood cell screening and matching to minimize alloimmunisation and risk of delayed haemolytic transfusion reaction, particularly in SCD and chronically transfused patients. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Cukurova Medical Journal / Çukurova Üniversitesi Tip Fakültesi Dergisi is the property of Cukurova University, Faculty of Medicine and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Cukurova Medical Journal / Çukurova Üniversitesi Tip Fakültesi Dergisi is the property of Cukurova University, Faculty of Medicine and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Cukurova Medical Journal / Çukurova Üniversitesi Tip Fakültesi Dergisi is the property of Cukurova University, Faculty of Medicine and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Tridax procumbens (T. procumbens) is an Ayurvedic herb that has been used as an anticancer, antioxidant, and coagulant or anticoagulant drug due to its phytochemical components. The current study is designed to investigate the effect of the ethanolic extract of T. procumbens on prothrombin time for blood groups A+, A−, O+, and O− and for different genders. Using the Lee-White method, various concentrations of T. procumbens extracts (50, 100, 200, 400, and 800 μg) were utilised to investigate how they affected the clotting time (CT). Twenty-four healthy volunteers (females and males) were involved, in which A+ and O+ blood groups were predominant. Ethanolic T. procumbens extracts significantly and dramatically accelerate the clotting process for all tested blood groups. This effect was observed as a dose-dependent. The strongest coagulant activity was observed at 200 µg and 400 µg doses for individuals with the A blood group, as prothrombin time is significantly decreased. At concentrations of 200 µg and 400 µg, the CT is found to be 1.62, 2.4, 2.4, and 8.6 fold greater for O+, O−, A+, and A−, respectively, compared with normal blood samples. A notable reduction in the CT is observed in those with blood group A−, followed by A+. Meanwhile, the longest time is recorded for the O blood groups. The haemostatic activity of T. procumbens may be attributed to its phytochemical components. Furthermore, T. procumbens shows a reduction in clotting time among males as compared with females. [Display omitted] ● T. procumbens ethanolic extract has a positive impact on coagulants time (CT). ● The T. procumbens extraction yield depends on the location and the extractor solvent. ● The CT of A− blood group is 8.6 fold higher than the normal blood sample. ● The CT of A− and O− blood groups were lower compared to the normal blood samples. ● T. procumbens exhibit a reduction in clotting time for males as compared with females. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

and Purpose: In endometrial cancer, staging is performed surgically. Controversy about the required extent of lymph node removal is ongoing. In low-risk endometrial cancer (FIGO Stage 1, endometrioid histology, Grades 1 and 2), the risk of lymph-node involvement is 4–17%. Since the introduction of near-infrared optics and the use of indocyanine green, the role of sentinel lymph node removal is increasing and could offer an appropriate balance between the morbidity of a complete lymph-node dissection and the risk of missing lymph-node involvement. In this retrospective comparative study on low-risk endometrial cancer, the extent of surgical lymph-node assessment (no lymphadenectomy vs removal vs lymphadenectomy) in two European institutions was compared and analyzed on the basis of perioperative data and oncological outcome. The study included 279 patients from: 103 (36.9%) had no lymphadenectomy, 118 (42.3%) underwent SLN removal and 58 (20.8%) underwent pelvic and/or para-aortic lymphadenectomy. There were significant differences among the groups in blood loss (p = 0.000), operation time (p = 0.000), and severity of postoperative complications (p = 0.063). In comparing only sentinel lymph-node removal vs no lymphadenectomy, there were no significant differences. No significant difference was seen between the extent of lymphadenectomy removal and the risk of recurrence. Age and Lymphovascular space invasion positivity were significant risk factors for recurrence (p = 0.004 and p = 0.019). In early-stage, endometrial cancer, Grade 1 and 2, sentinel lymph node removal offers a convincing balance between oncological safety and perioperative morbidity. Especially in LVSI-positive cases, lymph-node evaluation in any form is crucial. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Introduction: In the past 10 years, long-term studies have demonstrated that guided bone regeneration (GBR) is a successful and reliable technique for vertical and horizontal ridge augmentation, but strict and rigorous protocols must be adopted. Material and Methods: Because no reports have yet been published with statements and clinical recommendations for GBR, a closed meeting of all authors was organized to discuss this matter during a GBR symposium held in Bologna (Italy) in October 2016. The authors focused on the findings of systematic and narrative reviews, prepared before the meeting, covering aspects of the clinical management of GBR techniques. Successively, a discussion based on the scientific evidence and on the experts' opinions led to the formulation of statements, clinical recommendations, and implications for future research. Results: To avoid complications and to optimize outcomes, the following factors should be considered by clinicians: patient selection; analysis of defect type; blood supply; antibiotic treatment; flap passivation; delayed implant placement; combination of autogenous bone and xenograft or allograft; rigorous fixation of membranes; removal after 6 to 9 months; analysis of complications; soft-tissue management; and high care in scarred sites and in esthetic areas. Conclusions: The present consensus report reviewed the scientific evidence and provided specific guidelines and recommendations for clinical practice and the different approaches to GBR techniques to ensure surgical success and predictable outcomes. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

• We described the morphology of different types of blood cells in domestic pigeons. • Established the cytochemical staining patterns of different types of blood cells. • No significant differences in morphometry were found between two sexes. • Some notable species specificity was found in morphology and cytochemistry. Domestic Pigeon (Columba livia) is one of few domesticated birds with an important economic value. In this study, a comprehensive investigation on the morphology and cytochemical patterns of peripheral blood cells in domestic pigeons were conducted by using wright's and various cytochemical staining techniques including periodic acid-Schiff(PAS), sudan black B(SBB), peroxidase(POX), alkaline phosphatase(ALP), acid phosphatase(ACP), chloroacetic acid AS-D naphthol esterase(AS-D) and α-naphthol acetate esterase(α-NAE) staining. Besides erythrocytes and thrombocytes, five types of leukocytes were identified: heterophils, eosinophils, basophils, lymphocytes and monocytes. Lymphocytes were the most abundant leukocytes, followed by heterophils, eosinophils, monocytes; basophils were the fewest. Erythrocytes and thrombocytes were positive for PAS, and negative for all the other cytochemical staining. Heterophils and eosinophils exhibited positive to all cytochemical staining except for α-NAE. Basophils exhibited strongly positive for POX and AS-D, positive for PAS and ALP, while negative for SBB, ACP and α-NAE staining. Monocytes exhibited positive for PAS and α-NAE, and weakly positive for ACP, while negative for SBB, POX, ALP and AS-D staining. Lymphocytes showed positive for PAS and ACP, weakly positive for AS-D, while negative for SBB, POX, ALP and α-NAE staining. Our results add up knowledge about the domestic pigeon blood cells. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Venous thromboembolism (VTE) is a known situation of considerable mortality and morbidity and occurs due to the convergence of multiple acquired and genetic risk factors. In this study, we have comprehensively analyzed the effect of ABO blood groups and inherited thrombophilia factors [Protein C (PC), Protein S (PS), Antithrombin III (AT III), Activated Protein C Resistance (APCR) and Homocysteine (Hcy)] on 150 unprovoked VTE patients, comparing with normal healthy controls. ABO phenotyping was done using gel cards and thrombophilia workup done using standard kits on coagulation autoanalyzer. Non O blood group was significantly more frequent among cases than controls (77.3% vs. 62.7%) and had higher odds of VTE (OR = 2.03, 95%CI: 1.22–3.37). Positivity for at least one marker of thrombophilia was more in cases (40%) than controls (16%), and led to significantly higher odds (OR = 3.5, 95%CI: 2.03–6.04) of VTE. Deficiency of PS was the commonest thrombophilia abnormality. Combination of non O group with positivity for thrombophilia markers was also more among cases (OR = 5.67, 95%CI: 2.76–11.65). Highest odds of VTE in cases were associated with non O group in combination with increased Homocystein (OR = 10.8, 95%CI: 2.27–51.5). The study results show non O blood group and positivity for factors of inherited thrombophilia in cases impart higher odds of VTE individually. Also combination of both non O blood group and positivity for factors of inherited thrombophilia in cases further increases the odds of VTE. This awareness could assist physicians in identifying those at higher risk of VTE and tailor-made the thromboprophylaxis accordingly. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: ABO subgroups would be considered when discrepancies in ABO grouping occur. Serological methods including adsorption-elution test, salivary ABH inhibition test, and anti-A1 (lectin) saline method could be used. However, these serological methods are laboring and obscure. Therefore, reliable and affordable method to assess the ABO subgroups is of particular interest.Methods: To solve this problem, the multiplex SNaPshot-based assays were designed to determine rare A and B subgroups. Primers used as probes for determination of rare ABO blood groups known in Taiwanese population were designed. Many ABO subtype samples were used to validate the accuracy and reproducibility of our SNaPshot panel.Results: A panel of primer probes were successfully designed in determining 8 SNP sites (261, 539, 838, 820, 745, 664, IVS6 +5, and 829 in exon 6 and 7) for A phenotype and 6 SNP sites (261, 796, IVS3 +5, 247, 523, and 502 in exon 2, 6 and 7 and intron 3) for B phenotype. SNaPshot analysis for defining blood group A alleles (A1, A2, A3, Am and Ael) and blood group B alleles (B1, B3, Bw and Bel) was therefore available.Conclusion: SNaPshot analysis could be used in reference laboratories for typing known rare subgroups of A and B without DNA cloning and traditional sequencing. Moreover, this method would help to construct databases of genotyped blood donors, and it potentially plays a role in determining fetal-maternal ABO incompatibility. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Abstract Background/purpose It is well-known that diverse types of blood proteins contribute to healing process via different mechanisms. Presence and potential involvements of blood-derived abundant proteins in the platelet-rich fibrin (PRF) to its regenerative capacity have not been sufficiently emphasized in the literature. The aim of this paper was to analyze the abundant proteome content of PRF and summarize previously reported effects of identified proteins on wound healing via a literature review. Materials and methods The PRF samples obtained from non-smoking, systemically healthy volunteers were subjected to 2D gel electrophoresis after extracting the proteins from fibrin matrices. All matching spots were excised from the gels and identified by MALDI TOF/TOF MS/MS analysis. A literature review was conducted to reveal possible contributions of identified proteins to wound healing. Results Totally, thirty-five blood proteins were commonly identified among all studied samples. These proteins included serine protease inhibitors, such as alpha-1-antitrypsin, alpha-1-antichymotrypsin, alpha-1-acid glycoprotein, inter-alpha-trypsin-inhibitor, protease C1 inhibitor, and complement proteins. In addition, abundant presence of immunoglobulin G was observed. The abundance of albumin, haptoglobin, ceruloplasmin vitronectin, fetuin-A, ficolin-3 and transthyretin was also detected. Conclusion The results of this study indicated that PRF abundantly contains blood-origin actors which were previously reported for their direct contribution to wound healing. Further studies exploring the protein content of PRF are needed to reveal its undisclosed potential roles in the healing process. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Due to their similarities with humans in anatomy, physiology, and genetics miniature pigs are becoming an attractive model for biomedical research. We aim to establish and evaluate blood type O cells derived from Korean native pig (KNP), a typical miniature pig breed in Korea. Ten cell lines derived from 8 KNP piglets and one adult female KNP (kidney and ear tissues) were established. To confirm the presence of blood type O, genomic DNA, fucosyltransferase (FUT) expression, and immunofluorescence staining were examined. Additionally, fluorescence-activated cell sorting and somatic cell nuclear transfer were performed to investigate the normality of the cell lines and to evaluate their effectiveness in embryo development. We found no significant bands corresponding to specific blood group A, and no increase in FUT expression in cell lines derived from piglets No. 1, No. 4, No. 5, No. 8, and the adult female KNP; moreover, they showed normal levels of expression of α 1,3-galactosyltransferase and cytidine monophosphate-N-acetylneuraminic acid hydroxylase. There was no significant difference in embryo development between skin and kidney fibroblasts derived from the blood type O KNPs. In conclusion, we successfully established blood type O KNP cell lines, which may serve as a useful model in xenotransplantation research. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objectives The aim of this study was to determine the association of “ABO” and “Rhesus” blood groups with incidence of breast cancer. Methods In this study, we identified 70 research documents from data based search engines including “PubMed”, “ISI-Web of Knowledge”, “Embase” and “Google Scholar”. The research papers were selected by using the primary key-terms including “ABO blood type”, “Rhesus” blood type and “breast cancer”. The research documents in which “ABO” and “Rhesus” blood types and breast cancer was debated were included. After screening, we reviewed 32 papers and finally we selected 25 research papers which met the inclusion criteria and remaining documents were excluded. Results Blood group “A” has high incidence of breast cancer (45.88%), blood group “O” has (31.69%); “B” (16.16%) and blood group “AB” has (6.27%) incidence of breast cancer. Blood group “A” has highest and blood group “AB” has least association with breast cancer. Furthermore, “Rhesus +ve” blood group has high incidence of breast cancer (88.31%) and “Rhesus –ve” blood group has least association with breast cancer (11.68%). Conclusion Blood group “A” and “Rhesus +ve” have high risk of breast cancer, while blood type “AB” and “Rhesus –ve” are at low peril of breast cancer. Physicians should carefully monitor the females with blood group “A” and “Rh +ve” as these females are more prone to develop breast cancer. To reduce breast cancer incidence and its burden, preventive and screening programs for breast cancer especially in young women are highly recommended. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Revue de Médecine Vétérinaire is the property of Ecole Nationale Veterinaire de Toulouse and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

A multitude of risk factors are responsible for development of cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) and association of cardiovascular disease risk factors with the ABO blood antigens is increasingly being reported. Thus, this study was designed to investigate the relationship between ABO blood groups and lipoprotein profiles of apparently 150 healthy adult patients attending Braithwaite Memorial Specialist Hospital, Port Harcourt, Nigeria following due consent to participate in the study. The serum TC, HDL-C, LDL-C and VLDL-C levels were determined by standard methods. ABO blood grouping was carried out by standard tile technique. Results show that the mean of the TC and LDL-C of most of the subjects in all the blood groups appeared desirable (< 5.81 mmol/L and < 3.37 mmol/L) respectively in both males and females. HDL-C was deficient in all blood groups both in males and females while the triglycerides level in the subjects was desirable (< 2.83 mmol/L). While significant variation (p<0.05) was observed between the means of the blood groups in the females, no such variation was seen the males. Strong positive correlations were observed between the lipoproteins in blood group B, AB and O females. As a result of the fact the rate of prevalence of CVD in our population is increasing, it is recommended that diagnosis, management and treatment of CVD in Nigeria should take into consideration the blood group status of the subjects. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]