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Copyright of Revista de Biologia Marina y Oceanografía (RBMO) is the property of Universidad de Valparaiso, Facultad de Ciencias del Mar and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Revista de Biologia Marina y Oceanografía (RBMO) is the property of Universidad de Valparaiso, Facultad de Ciencias del Mar and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Fisheries management may impact on a range of seabirds’ traits such as foraging behavior. There is an extensive hake fishing closure in Argentine waters (HFC) where trawling is banned. The concentration of fishing effort in the boundary of this area triggered the question of a potential negative effect of seabird bycatch in such area. The distribution of seabirds attending vessels and their bycatch rates was explored as well as the foraging behavior of Black-browed albatrosses (BBA, Thalassarche melanophris ) and Southern Giant Petrels (SGP, Macronectes giganteus ) in relation to the HFC. For this, 55 satellite transmitters were deployed on the birds and discrete behavioral mode was inferred using state-space models. Seabird attendance at trawlers and bycatch data were obtained from on-board observers. The spatial distribution of the birds’ bycatch was concentrated in the boundary of the HFC and the distance to the boundary had a significant effect on the interactions. The spatial modeling of seabird attendance revealed a similar pattern with core areas in the margins of the HFC. The bulk of the core foraging areas of BBAs and SGPs were concentrated in waters adjacent to the HFC. Besides, the time spent foraging in the boundaries of the HFC was greater than inside the HFC. The study highlights that the “exporting effect” due to the concentration of fishing effort and seabird foraging in bordering areas may increase seabird bycatch in the neighboring waters. Hence, the design of management measures for seabird bycatch should contemplate regulations to address these negative side effects. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Revista de Biologia Marina y Oceanografía (RBMO) is the property of Universidad de Valparaiso, Facultad de Ciencias del Mar and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

We aimed to describe how debris originated from coastal cities and fisheries circulates and accumulates along the Argentine continental shelf and its potential interaction with southern giant petrels (SGP, Macronectes giganteus). We used tracking data of 31 SGPs (adults and juveniles) from Patagonian colonies. Lagrangian simulations of particles were released from coastal cities and fisheries. Oceanographic features together with plastic input generated a corridor of debris through the Argentine shelf with areas of high debris accumulation, exposing SGP to plastic consumption. During chick provisioning trips 93.9% of petrel's locations overlapped with areas of plastic accumulation. Although early developmental stages were more exposed to particles from cities, the exposure of petrels (all classes) to debris from fisheries was 10% higher than from cities. Measures to reduce debris from fisheries, would reduce plastic ingestion by giant petrels. Proper management of open sky dumpsters would reduce plastic consumption by chicks and juveniles. [Display omitted] • Lagrangian simulation mimicked marine plastic flow linked to Patagonian petrels. • Highest overlap occurred during chick provisioning trips (93.9%). • Petrels used areas containing plastics from cities (32.9%) and fisheries (43.6%). • Management of open sky dumpsters may decrease plastic ingestion in early stages. • Proper management of fisheries may reduce interaction between petrels and plastic. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article presents a study regarding the effect of three prophylactic treatments such as formalin, acriflavine, and glutaraldehyde on bacterial load reduction and hatching rate of bullseye puffer Sphoeroides annulatus eggs.

Background: Melasma, a common disorder of hyperpigmentation, is often resistant to therapy. Although salicylic acid peels have been reported to be useful for patients with recalcitrant melasma, controlled trials are lacking. Objective: We sought to determine the efficacy of salicylic acid peels when added to hydroquinone in the treatment of melasma. Methods: Twenty Latin American women with moderate to severe bilateral melasma were treated with a series of 20% to 30% salicylic acid peels every 2 weeks for a total of 4 peels on one side of the face along with 4% hydroquinone cream to both sides of the face twice daily. The primary efficacy variable was reduction in pigmentation of the peeled side compared with the unpeeled side using narrowband reflectance spectrophotometry. Results: Eighteen patients completed the study. Although both sides had significant reduction in pigment intensity, there was no difference between the peeled and unpeeled side with all outcome measures. Limitations: Patients were limited to Latin American women and only 4 peels were performed. Conclusion: A series of four 20% to 30% salicylic acid peels are not effective in the treatment of melasma when added to twice-daily 4% hydroquinone cream. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]