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Abstract Femoral head fractures occur almost exclusively as a result of a traumatic hip dislocation. Treatment is typically an emergency and includes the reduction of the dislocated hip under anesthesia. As a rule, the earlier the reduction, the better the outcome. Open reduction and internal fixation of the fracture of the femoral head is the treatment of choice for most young patients. In some selected cases when there is a very small fragment located in the region below the fovea, removal should be indicated. In elderly patients and those who experience severe femoral head impaction, it is preferable to perform a total hip replacement. Despite optimal management, the rate of complications after femoral head fractures may reach as high as 50%. In the present study, the authors review the general principles of management of patients with femoral head fractures. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Revista Española de Cirugía Ortopédica y Traumatologia (English Edition) is the property of Elsevier B.V. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Introduction: Nerve damage following hip replacement is an uncommon, but devastating complication for patients: it sometimes results in incomplete recovery and may have a very long course. The objective of this study is to analyse the most recent literature on the causes and prognosis of this pathology. Materials and methods: For these purposes, bibliographic research was conducted using Medline-PubMed on meta-analyses, guidelines, RCT, reviews and, in their absence, individual scientific articles, published during the period between 1 January 2013 and 1 January 2003, with reference to past research. Results: The search during the indicated period produced 66 articles. A total of 16 non-relevant research projects were excluded. Two meta-analyses, three reviews, no guidelines and no RCTs were found. Conclusions: The presence of numerous case reports and case series without randomised and prospective controlled studies, while almost exclusively retrospective, did not make it possible to reach conclusions around the relationship among damage event and prognosis. Nevertheless, the physiotherapist must be ready to point out the opportunity of surgical revision in order to avoid a permanent injury. This must be effected in timely way in case of hematomas, after careful clinical, electromyographic and imaging evaluation in case of suspect nerve entrapment, following attentively the neuromotor evolution in case of nerve tension. Particular types of approach or surgical procedure can require monitoring techniques with evoked potential. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]