14 results on '"Arif, Muhammad Saleem"'
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2. Do Added Microplastics, Native Soil Properties, and Prevailing Climatic Conditions Have Consequences for Carbon and Nitrogen Contents in Soil? A Global Data Synthesis of Pot and Greenhouse Studies
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Iqbal, Shahid, Xu, Jianchu, Arif, Muhammad Saleem, Worthy, Fiona R., Jones, Davey L., Khan, Sehroon, Alharbi, Sulaiman Ali, Filimonenko, Ekaterina, Nadir, Sadia, Bu, Dengpan, Shakoor, Awais, Gui, Heng, Schaefer, Douglas Allen, and Kuzyakov, Yakov
- Abstract
Microplastics threaten soil ecosystems, strongly influencing carbon (C) and nitrogen (N) contents. Interactions between microplastic properties and climatic and edaphic factors are poorly understood. We conducted a meta-analysis to assess the interactive effects of microplastic properties (type, shape, size, and content), native soil properties (texture, pH, and dissolved organic carbon (DOC)) and climatic factors (precipitation and temperature) on C and N contents in soil. We found that low-density polyethylene reduced total nitrogen (TN) content, whereas biodegradable polylactic acid led to a decrease in soil organic carbon (SOC). Microplastic fragments especially depleted TN, reducing aggregate stability, increasing N-mineralization and leaching, and consequently increasing the soil C/N ratio. Microplastic size affected outcomes; those <200 μm reduced both TN and SOC contents. Mineralization-induced nutrient losses were greatest at microplastic contents between 1 and 2.5% of soil weight. Sandy soils suffered the highest microplastic contamination-induced nutrient depletion. Alkaline soils showed the greatest SOC depletion, suggesting high SOC degradability. In low-DOC soils, microplastic contamination caused 2-fold greater TN depletion than in soils with high DOC. Sites with high precipitation and temperature had greatest decrease in TN and SOC contents. In conclusion, there are complex interactions determining microplastic impacts on soil health. Microplastic contamination always risks soil C and N depletion, but the severity depends on microplastic characteristics, native soil properties, and climatic conditions, with potential exacerbation by greenhouse emission-induced climate change.
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- 2024
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3. Green and eco-friendly synthesis of TiO2nanoparticles and their application for removal of cadmium from wastewater: reaction kinetics study
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Irshad, Muhammad Atif, Shakoor, Muhammad Bilal, Nawaz, Rab, Yasmeen, Tahira, Arif, Muhammad Saleem, Rizwan, Muhammad, Rehman, Muhammad Zia ur, Ahmad, Sajid Rashid, Latif, Maria, Nasim, Iqra, and Ali, Shafaqat
- Abstract
The heavy metal cadmium (Cd) is known to be a widespread environmental contaminant and a potential toxin that may adversely affect human health across the globe. Green nanotechnology has recently received a lot of attention for developing eco-friendly, low-cost renewable and sustainable materials for the efficient removal of persistent contaminants from wastewater, including heavy metals (HMs). The current study compared the ability of titanium dioxide nanoparticles (TiO2NPs) synthesized from Trianthema portulacastrum(A) and Chenopodium quinoa(B) extracts to remove Cd from wastewater. The washed biomass of both the plants was dried under shade for a few days and was ground into the fine particles in a blender. The powdered biomass of T. portulacastrumand C. quinoawas soaked separately in distilled water (@ 10 g/100 ml) for 36 h. The stock solution of titanium (0.3 M) was prepared from concentrated titanium tetraisopropoxide (TTIP) and was mixed with the plant extracts at 1:2 ratio of extract to TTIP solution with continuous stirring at room temperature. A light brown scum like TiO2-NPs were obtained at the bottom of china dish and calcined at 450 °C for 4 h. Finally, after natural cooling, the TiO2-NPs were collected and used for the sorption of Cd through wastewater. Sorption attributes of both TiO2NPs (A, B) were investigated over contact time, dosage of adsorbent, pH, and initial concentration of Cd. Maximum sorption was obtained (46 mgg−1) by TiO2NPs (A), followed by 44 mg Cd g−1with TiO2NPs (B) at pH 4.2, an optimum adsorbent dosage 0.7 g L−1, Cd initial level 30 mg L−1, with contact time of 2 h. Pseudo-second-order kinetic model was suited for adsorption experimental data using both nanoparticles. These results validated the potential use of TiO2NPs to remove liquified cadmium at high concentrations from the industrial wastewater.
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- 2022
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4. Spatio-temporal variations of shallow and deep well groundwater nitrate concentrations along the Indus River floodplain aquifer in Pakistan.
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Khan, Shahrukh Nawaz, Yasmeen, Tahira, Riaz, Muhammad, Arif, Muhammad Saleem, Rizwan, Muhammad, Ali, Shafaqat, Tariq, Azeem, and Jessen, Søren
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FLOODPLAINS ,SPATIO-temporal variation ,AQUIFER pollution ,AQUIFERS ,NITROGEN fertilizers ,GROUNDWATER ,NITRATES - Abstract
Excessive use of nitrogenous fertilizers and their improper management in agriculture causes nitrate contamination of surface and groundwater resources. This study was conducted along the seasonally flooded alluvial agricultural area of Indus River Basin to determine the spatial and temporal dynamics of nitrate concentrations in the groundwater along the river. Total of 112 samples were collected from shallow (30–40 ft) and deep groundwater (120–150 ft) wells at seven sites, 25 km apart from each other and covered an area of 170 km along the river, during four sampling campaigns between October 2016 to May 2017 i.e. in start, mid and end of dry season. The study period covered the whole agricultural cycle including the wet summer season with no agricultural activities under flooding and the sampling sites were always less than 2 km from the river bank. Nitrate concentrations of shallow wells were 15–54 and 20–45 mg L
−1 during the start and middle of dry season, respectively. However, at the end of the dry season, the highest nitrate concentrations of 35–75 mg L−1 were recorded and 70% of these samples contained nitrate concentrations above the permissible limit 50 mg L−1 . Similar seasonal patterns of nitrate concentrations were observed in deep wells, however, δ18 O data suggested lower recharge in deep well than shallow wells. The results illustrated that high nitrate concentrations in shallow wells were associated with high δ18 O values indicating that the quantity of evaporated water infiltrated from the floodplain, possibly from distribution channels, along with the nitrate polluting shallow wells more than the deep wells. At the end of the dry season, nitrate concentrations exceeded the permissible limits in both shallow and deep wells, which possibly happened due to the horizontal movement of groundwater along with the nitrate mixing during vertical seepage of river water to the aquifers. Image 1 • Patterns of nitrate in groundwater along the Indus River Basin (IRB) were studied. • Shallow wells had higher nitrate concentrations than deep wells. • Nitrate concentrations of 70% samples were 35–75 mg L−1 after flooding. • δ18 O values showed strong flooding effects on groundwater nitrate concentrations. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]- Published
- 2019
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5. Compost Amended with N Enhances Maize Productivity and Soil Properties in Semi-Arid Agriculture.
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Iqbal, Shahid, Arif, Muhammad Saleem, Khan, Haroon Zaman, Yasmeen, Tahira, Thierfelder, Christian, Tang Li, Khan, Sehroon, Nadir, Sadia, and Jianchu Xu
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Declining soil fertility and crop yields are common in arid and semi-arid areas. Sustainable technologies that halt or reverse this trend are required to ensure food security. The use of compost for soil amendment should build soil resilience to drought. However, manure (which is a raw material in compost production) is used as a fuel in many semiarid regions of the world. To encourage farmers to change from using manure or composts as fuel to adopting them as soil additives, it will be necessary to demonstrate the production benefits associated with such additives. A 2-yr field experiment was conducted in a semi-arid (steppe) desert environment in Pakistan on sandy-loamy soils. Poultry manure compost (PMC), pressmud compost (PrMC), and urea (U) were compared in a maize-maize (Zea mays L.) cropping system. The PMC and PrMC application increased soil organic carbon (SOC) and N as well as the soil's moisture content, but decreased the soil electrical conductivity (ECe) and pH after 2 yr. Replacing 25% of the U with PMC increased the mineral N and mean crop growth rate by 46%, the net assimilation rate by 30% and the yield by 219%, compared to the control. These results were comparable to applications of U alone and PMC with urea in a 25:75 application ratio. These results demonstrate that in semiarid regions, adding manure or compost as a soil additive improves the soil's yield potential. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2019
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6. Compost Amended with N Enhances Maize Productivity and Soil Properties in Semi‐Arid Agriculture
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Iqbal, Shahid, Arif, Muhammad Saleem, Khan, Haroon Zaman, Yasmeen, Tahira, Thierfelder, Christian, Li, Tang, Khan, Sehroon, Nadir, Sadia, and Xu, Jianchu
- Abstract
Declining soil fertility and crop yields are common in arid and semi–arid areas. Sustainable technologies that halt or reverse this trend are required to ensure food security. The use of compost for soil amendment should build soil resilience to drought. However, manure (which is a raw material in compost production) is used as a fuel in many semiarid regions of the world. To encourage farmers to change from using manure or composts as fuel to adopting them as soil additives, it will be necessary to demonstrate the production benefits associated with such additives. A 2‐yr field experiment was conducted in a semi‐arid (steppe) desert environment in Pakistan on sandy‐loamy soils. Poultry manure compost (PMC), pressmud compost (PrMC), and urea (U) were compared in a maize–maize (Zea maysL.) cropping system. The PMC and PrMC application increased soil organic carbon (SOC) and N as well as the soil's moisture content, but decreased the soil electrical conductivity (ECe) and pH after 2 yr. Replacing 25% of the U with PMC increased the mineral N and mean crop growth rate by 46%, the net assimilation rate by 30% and the yield by 219%, compared to the control. These results were comparable to applications of U alone and PMC with urea in a 25:75 application ratio. These results demonstrate that in semiarid regions, adding manure or compost as a soil additive improves the soil's yield potential. Core IdeasLess/no burning qualities manure can solve the conflict in using manure for energy.Compost can reverse soil fertility and maize yield decline in semiarid areas.Compost with urea at 25:75 can reduce 25% use of harmful mineral fertilizer. Less/no burning qualities manure can solve the conflict in using manure for energy. Compost can reverse soil fertility and maize yield decline in semiarid areas. Compost with urea at 25:75 can reduce 25% use of harmful mineral fertilizer.
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- 2019
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7. Phosphorus-Mobilizing Rhizobacterial Strain Bacillus cereusGS6 Improves Symbiotic Efficiency of Soybean on an Aridisol Amended with Phosphorus-Enriched Compost
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ARIF, Muhammad Saleem, RIAZ, Muhammad, SHAHZAD, Sher Muhammad, YASMEEN, Tahira, ALI, Shafaqat, and AKHTAR, Muhammad Javed
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Legume plants are an essential component of sustainable farming systems. Phosphorus (P) deficiency is a significant constraint for legume production, especially in nutrient-poor soils of arid and semi-arid regions. In the present study, we conducted a pot experiment to evaluate the effects of a phosphorus-mobilizing plant-growth promoting rhizobacterial strain Bacillus cereusGS6, either alone or combined with phosphate-enriched compost (PEC) on the symbiotic (nodulation-N2fixation) performance of soybean (Glycine max(L.) Merr.) on an Aridisol. The PEC was produced by composting food waste with addition of single super phosphate. The bacterial strain B. cereusGS6 showed considerable potential for P solubilization and mobilization by releasing carboxylates in insoluble P (rock phosphate)-enriched medium. Inoculation of B. cereusGS6 in combination with PEC application significantly improved nodulation and nodule N2fixation efficiency. Compared to the control (without B. cereusGS6 and PEC), the combined application of B. cereusGS6 with PEC resulted in significantly higher accumulation of nitrogen (N), P, and potassium (K) in grain, shoot, and nodule. The N:P and P:K ratios in nodules were significantly altered by the application of PEC and B. cereusGS6, which reflected the important roles of P and K in symbiotic performance of soybean. The combined application of PEC and B. cereusGS6 also significantly increased the soil dehydrogenase and phosphomonoesterase activities, as well as the soil available N, P, and K contents. Significant positive relationships were found between soil organic carbon (C) content, dehydrogenase and phosphomonoesterase activities, and available N, P, and K contents. This study suggests that inoculation of P-mobilizing rhizobacteria, such as B. cereusGS6, in combination with PEC application might enhance legume productivity by improving nodulation and nodule N2fixation efficiency.
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- 2017
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8. Floods wreak havoc in Pakistan: A deadly reality of climate change exposing frailty of global response efforts.
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Shakoor, Awais, Farooq, Taimoor Hassan, Arif, Muhammad Saleem, and Shahzad, Sher Muhammad
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CLIMATE change ,FRAILTY ,GREENHOUSE gases ,FLOODS ,DEVELOPING countries - Abstract
• Pakistan is only contributing 0.9% to global greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions and is facing devastating floods. • Every governments must turn and listen to science urgently. • The NASA, NSF, and USDA should provide funding to the developing countries for better climate change predictions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2022
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9. Isolating, screening and applying chromium reducing bacteria to promote growth and yield of okra (Hibiscus esculentus L.) in chromium contaminated soils.
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Maqbool, Zahid, Asghar, Hafiz Naeem, Shahzad, Tanvir, Hussain, Sabir, Riaz, Muhammad, Ali, Shafaqat, Arif, Muhammad Saleem, and Maqsood, Marium
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OKRA ,MICROBIOLOGY ,PLANTS ,CHROMIUM & the environment ,SOIL pollution ,PLANT-soil relationships - Abstract
Hexavalent chromium [Cr (VI)], extensively used in different industries, is one of the most toxic heavy metals. The Cr (VI) reducing bacteria could be helpful in decreasing its toxic effects. The present study was conducted to evaluate the potential of Cr (VI) reducing bacteria to improve growth and yield of okra ( Hibiscus esculentus L.) in Cr-contaminated soils. Most of the selected bacterial isolates significantly increased the growth and yield of okra. Maximum response was observed in the plants inoculated with the isolate K12 where plant height, root length, fruit weight and number of fruits per plant increased up to 77.5 percent, 72.6 percent, 1.4 fold and 2.9 fold, respectively. Moreover, inoculation with bacteria caused significant decrease in Cr (VI) concentration in soil and plant parts across all treatments. The maximum decrease of 69.6, 56.1 and 40.0 percent in Cr (VI) concentrations in soil, plant vegetative parts and plant reproductive parts, respectively, was observed in the treatment inoculated with the strain K12. Based on amplification, sequencing and analysis of 16S rDNA sequence, the strain K12 was found belonging to genus Brucella and was designated as Brucella sp. K12. These findings suggest that the strain K12 may serve as a potential bioresource to improve crop production in Cr-contaminated soils. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2015
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10. Proteus mirabilis alleviates zinc toxicity by preventing oxidative stress in maize (Zea mays) plants.
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Islam, Faisal, Yasmeen, Tahira, Riaz, Muhammad, Arif, Muhammad Saleem, Ali, Shafaqat, and Raza, Syed Hammad
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PROTEUS (Bacteria) ,PLANTS ,OXIDATIVE stress ,EFFECT of zinc on plants ,EFFECT of heavy metals on corn ,ZINC toxicology ,PLANT growth-promoting rhizobacteria ,PLANT inoculation - Abstract
Plant-associated bacteria can have beneficial effects on the growth and health of their host. However, the role of plant growth promoting bacteria (PGPR), under metal stress, has not been widely investigated. The present study investigated the possible mandatory role of plant growth promoting rhizobacteria in protecting plants from zinc (Zn) toxicity. The exposure of maize plants to 50 µM zinc inhibited biomass production, decreased chlorophyll, total soluble protein and strongly increased accumulation of Zn in both root and shoot. Similarly, Zn enhanced hydrogen peroxide, electrolyte leakage and lipid peroxidation as indicated by malondaldehyde accumulation. Pre-soaking with novel Zn tolerant bacterial strain Proteus mirabilis (ZK1) isolated zinc (Zn) contaminated soil, alleviated the negative effect of Zn on growth and led to a decrease in oxidative injuries caused by Zn. Furthermore, strain ZK1 significantly enhanced the activities of catalase, guaiacol peroxidase, superoxide dismutase and ascorbic acid but lowered the Proline accumulation in Zn stressed plants. The results suggested that the inoculation of Zea mays plants with P. mirabilis during an earlier growth period could be related to its plant growth promoting activities and avoidance of cumulative damage upon exposure to Zn, thus reducing the negative consequences of oxidative stress caused by heavy metal toxicity. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2014
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11. Abandoned agriculture soil can be recultivated by promoting biological phosphorus fertility when amended with nano-rock phosphate and suitable bacterial inoculant.
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Yasmeen, Tahira, Arif, Muhammad Saleem, Shahzad, Sher Muhammad, Riaz, Muhammad, Tufail, Muhammad Ammar, Mubarik, Muhammad Salman, Ahmad, Aqeel, Ali, Shafaqat, Albasher, Gadah, and Shakoor, Awais
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PLANT growth ,BIOFERTILIZERS ,CONTROLLED release of fertilizers ,PHOSPHATE fertilizers ,SOILS ,BIOLOGICAL productivity ,SOIL fertility - Abstract
In semi-arid regions, post-restoration vegetation recovery on abandoned agricultural lands often fails due to inherently low organic matter content and poor soil fertility conditions, including phosphorus (P). As such, amending these soils with controlled release P fertilizer, especially with suitable P solubilizing bacteria (PSB) may promote plant growth and productivity by stimulating biological P fertility. To this aim, a pot study was performed to evaluate the agronomic potential of maize and soil biological P pools, using encapsulated (ENRP) and non-encapsulated (NRP) nano-rock phosphate as the P fertilizer source, on reclaimed agricultural soil in the presence and absence of PSB inoculant. The experiment was setup following a 3 × 2 factorial arrangement with four replicates. Without PSB, NRP treatment showed marginal positive effects on plant growth, P nutrition and P use efficiency (PUE) compared to control treatment. Although larger gains with NRP treatment were more noticeable under PSB inoculation, ENRP was the most convenient slow-release P fertilizer, increasing plant growth, P nutrition and grain yield compared to all treatments. Importantly, PSB inoculation with ENRP resulted in significantly higher increase in soil CaCl 2 -P (8.91 mg P kg soil
−1 ), citrate-P (26.98 mg P kg soil−1 ), enzyme-P (18.98 mg P kg soil−1 ), resin-P (11.41 mg P kg soil−1 ), and microbial-P (18.94 mg P kg soil−1 ), when compared to all treatment combinations. Although a decrease in soil HCl-P content was observed with both types of P fertilizer, significant differences were found only with PSB inoculation. A significant increase in soil biological P pools could be due to the higher specific area and crystalline structure of nano materials, providing increased number of active sites for PSB activity in the presence of biobased encapsulated shell. Furthermore, the increase in PSB abundance, higher root carboxylate secretions, and decreased rhizosphere pH in response to nano-structured P fertilizer, implies greater extension of rhizosphere promoting greater P mobilization and/or solubilization, particularly under PSB inoculated conditions. We conclude that cropping potential of abandoned agricultural lands can be enhanced by the use of nano-rock phosphate in combination with PSB inoculant, establishing a favorable micro-environment for higher plant growth and biochemical P fertility • A pot study was performed on recently reclaimed abandoned agricultural soil. • ENRP fertilizer is a highly promising controlled release P fertilizer than NRP. • ENRP-PSB fertilization efficiently establishes maize and improves productivity. • Nano-P fertilization extends rhizosphere and improves soil P biological pools. • ENRP-PSB is sustainable approach to enhance productive capacity of degraded soils. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]- Published
- 2022
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12. Influence of Pseudomonas aeruginosa as PGPR on oxidative stress tolerance in wheat under Zn stress.
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Islam, Faisal, Yasmeen, Tahira, Ali, Qasim, Ali, Shafaqat, Arif, Muhammad Saleem, Hussain, Sabir, and Rizvi, Hina
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PLANT growth-promoting rhizobacteria ,PSEUDOMONAS aeruginosa ,ZINC & the environment ,WHEAT -- Environmental aspects ,OXIDATIVE stress ,PLANTS ,THERAPEUTICS - Abstract
Plant Growth Promoting Rhizobacteria (PGPR), whose role is still underestimated, plays an important (or perhaps essential) role in improving plant growth. The comprehensive understanding of bacterial plant growth promoting mechanism helps to get sustainable agriculture production under biotic and abiotic stresses. In the present study, plant growth promoting (PGP) bacterial strain Pseudomonas aeruginosa having maximum inhibitory concentration of 1500mgkg
−1 against Zn was isolated from arable land, irrigated with industrial effluent and evaluated to determine it bioremediation potential. The study was mainly focused on plant biomass production, nutrient uptake and oxidative stress tolerance in relation to the activities of antioxidative enzymes and the content of non-enzymatic antioxidants. The oxidative stress tolerance was measured by estimating the MDA accumulation as well as H2 O2 production in wheat plants under Zn (1000mgkg−1 ) stress and inoculation of soil with Zn resistant Pseudomonas aeruginosa. Zn in rooting medium reduced the plant growth, leaf photosynthetic pigments as well as uptake of N and P. However, content of MDA and H2 O2 increased at higher concentration of Zn. Inoculation of P. aeruginosa improved the uptake of P and N in wheat plants with an increase in leaf chlorophyll, total soluble protein and plant biomass production. Analysis of plant root and shoot disclosed that Zn concentration was significantly lowered in P. aeruginosa inoculated zinc stressed plants as compare to the plants grown under Zn stress only. The amelioration of adverse effects of Zn stress on biomass production due to P. aeruginosa inoculation was related with enhanced antioxidative enzyme activities (SOD, POD and CAT), and the contents of non-enzymatic components such as ascorbic acid and total phenolics (TPC) as compare to Zn-treated plants. The up-gradation in antioxidative defense mechanism, resulted a reduction in H2 O2 and MDA content due to the scavenging of ROS by antioxidants. It was concluded that P. aeruginosa is an ideal candidate for bioremediation and wheat growth promotion against Zn-induced oxidative stress by improving the availability of necessary nutrient, eliciting antioxidant defense system as well as by lowering the Zn metal uptake. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]- Published
- 2014
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13. The influence of silicon on barley growth, photosynthesis and ultra-structure under chromium stress.
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Ali, Shafaqat, Farooq, Muhammad Ahsan, Yasmeen, Tahira, Hussain, Sabir, Arif, Muhammad Saleem, Abbas, Farhat, Bharwana, Saima Aslam, and Zhang, Guoping
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SILICON ,SOIL amendments ,BARLEY field experiments ,PHYSIOLOGICAL stress ,HYDROPONICS ,CHROMIUM & the environment ,PHOTOSYNTHESIS -- Environmental aspects ,PLANT photorespiration ,SOIL quality - Abstract
Silicon (Si) is generally considered as a benefic element for higher plants, especially for those grown under abiotic stressed environments. Current study is carried out in a hydroponic experiment to analyze the effect of Si application on barley growth, photosynthesis and ultra-structure under chromium (Cr) stress. The treatments consisted of three Si (0, 1 and 2mM) and two Cr (0 and 100μM) levels. The results showed that Si application at both levels enhanced plant growth relative to the control, and alleviated Cr toxicity, reflected by significant increase in growth and photosynthetic parameters, such as SPAD value, net photosynthetic rate (P
n ), cellular CO2 concentration (Ci ), stomatal conductance (Gs ) and transpiration rate (Tr ), and chlorophyll fluorescence efficiency (Fv/Fm), with 2mM Si having greater effect than 1mM Si. Cr stress caused ultra-structural disorders in leaves, such as uneven swelling of chloroplast, increased amount of plastoglobuli, disintegrated and disappeared thylakoid membranes, increased size and number of starch granules in leaves, and root ultra-structural modification, including increased vacuolar size, presence of Cr metal in cell walls and vacuoles, disruption and disappearance of nucleus. Exogenous Si alleviated these ultra-structural disorders both in roots and leaves. Apparently, Si and Cr behaved antagonistically, indicating that Si could be a candidate for Cr detoxification in crops under Cr-contaminated soil. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]- Published
- 2013
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14. Effect of gibberellic acid on growth, photosynthesis and antioxidant defense system of wheat under zinc oxide nanoparticle stress.
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Iftikhar, Azka, Ali, Shafaqat, Yasmeen, Tahira, Arif, Muhammad Saleem, Zubair, Muhammad, Rizwan, Muhammad, Alhaithloul, Haifa Abdulaziz S., Alayafi, Aisha A.M., and Soliman, Mona H.
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NANOPARTICLE toxicity ,ZINC oxide ,GIBBERELLIC acid ,PLANT biomass ,WHEAT ,INDIUM gallium zinc oxide ,PLANT enzymes ,POISONOUS plants - Abstract
The production and soil accumulation of nanoparticles (NPs) from the industrial sector has increased concerns about their toxic effects in plants which needs the research to explore the ways of reducing NPs toxicity in pants. The gibberellic acid (GA) has been found to reduce abiotic stresses in plants. However, the effect of GA in reducing zinc oxide (ZnO) NPs-mediated toxicity in plants remains unclear. In this study, foliar application of GA was used to explore the possible role in reducing ZnO NPs toxicity in wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) plants. The plants were grown in pots spiked with ZnO NPs (0, 300, 600, 900, 1200 mg/kg) and GA (0, 100, 200 mg/L) was foliar sprayed at different times during the growth period under ambient environmental conditions. Our results demonstrated that GA inhibited the toxicity of ZnO NPs in wheat especially at higher levels of NPs. The GA application improved the plant biomass, photosynthesis, nutrients, and yield under ZnO NPs stress. The GA reduced the Zn accumulation, and reactive oxygen species generation in plants caused by toxicity of NPs. The protective effect of GA in decreasing ZnO NPs-induced oxidative stress was related to GA-mediated enhancement in antioxidant enzymes in plants. The role of GA in enhancing tolerance of wheat against ZnO NPs was further confirmed by the enhancement in nutrient contents in shoots and roots of wheat. Overall, our study provides the evidence that GA can reduce ZnO NPs-induced toxicity in wheat and probably in other crops which needs further in-depth investigation. Image 1 • Gibberellic acid (GA) can alleviate ZnO NPs-induced growth inhibition of wheat. • GA increased the chlorophyll contents in wheat under ZnO NPs stress. • GA increased P, K, Fe and Mn and decreased Zn concentrations in wheat under ZnO NPs stress. • GA alleviates ZnO NPs-induced oxidative stress by mediating antioxidant system in wheat. Gibberellic acid alleviated the zinc oxide nanoparticles-induced toxicity in wheat by enhancing biomass, photosynthesis and by reducing oxidative stress in plants. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2019
- Full Text
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