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The White-lipped Peccary (WLP) is a large-sized mammal that lives in groups and needs large, preserved areas to survive. Over the last decades, the distribution area of the WLP has been reduced, being absent from areas where its occurrence is expected, such as the central region of southwestern Goiás, Brazilian Midwest. Therefore, here we presented eight new records of WLP in southwestern of Goiás state, with information on group size and landscape context. WLPs were recorded by camera trap, and we extracted the percentage of native cover (NC%), mean of Euclidean nearest-neighbor distance (MENND), and largest native patch area (LP (hectares)) in the landscape occupied by them. The WLP group size ranged from 1 to 52 individuals in anthropized landscapes (4.6 to 30.7 of NC%), with a MENND range of 89.4 to 165 m and LP ranged from 48.8 to 297.9. These findings could be an indication that the species is returning to use the region. However, we stress that this area may not support viable WLP populations in the long-term due to the level of anthropization of the studied landscape.

ABSTRACTDuring the breeding season, hundreds of anurans agglomerate at spawning sites, where a diversity of social contexts arise. In this scenario, anurans may alter their vocal repertoire according to the immediate social context, to overcome intraspecific competition. To evaluate the acoustic response of Boana goianato successive interactions with a conspecific competitor, the present study was based on comparing the repetition rates of advertisement and aggressive calls of B. goianafocal males exposure to repeated artificial advertisement calls in 10 playback sessions. We observed that B. goianamales altered their acoustic behaviour in response to the simulated arrival of a new competitor. Males emitted less advertisement calls and more aggressive calls with the arrival of the competitors. Temperature and body condition were not important predictors of continuity of males in the experiment or the call repetition rates in the pre-playback session. However, the body condition influenced the total delta advertisement calls (differences in the call rate emission between end and the beginning of the experiment), indicating that higher values of body conditions allow males to show smaller reductions in the emission of advertisement calls over time in the presence of a competitor.