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The diffusion of polymer chains in crowded environments with immobile, attractive nanoparticles (NPs) is studied using the Langevin dynamics simulation approach. Simulations are performed for sufficiently long polymer chains and high enough volume fractions of NPs so that the polymer chains can be in contact with two or more NPs simultaneously. For orderly distributed NPs in specific lattices, normal diffusion with a linear increase of mean-squared displacement (MSD) with time is observed. When positional disorder of NPs is introduced by displacing NPs from lattice sites, subdiffusion with a nonlinear increase of MSD with time is observed at a sufficiently large positional disorder of NPs. The transition from the normal diffusion to the subdiffusion is attributed to the change of the energy barrier that obstructs the move of a polymer between different NPs or NP clusters. The energy barrier increases with increasing positional disorder. At high positional disorders, polymers will be trapped within NP clusters for a very long time and thus exhibit intermittent motion suggestive of continuous-time random walk (CTRW) behavior, and subdiffusive behavior is observed.

High‐resolution present‐day earth surface deformation maps from satellites provide important data constraints, which help us better understand tectonic processes and analyze seismic hazards. Here, we use Sentinel‐1 Radar images (2014–2020) and accurate positioning measurements (2009–2019) to get a high‐resolution three‐dimensional earth surface velocity map for the northeastern Tibetan Plateau, and we invert the slip rate and coupling ratio of major regional faults. We find ∼4 mm/yr uplift along an arc from the Qilianshan to Lajishan, relative to the neighboring low‐elevation area to the east, which indicates ongoing rapid orogeny. We find transient deformation along the Laohushan and 1920 M8.5 Haiyuan rupture segments of the Haiyuan fault, whereas the western Haiyuan, southern Liupanshan, central Lajishan and central‐western West Qinling faults are essentially locked above 15–20 km, suggesting a potentially high seismic hazard. The northeast Tibetan Plateau, which is impeded by the tectonically stable Ordos block, continues to grow in response to the far‐field India‐Eurasia collision. This region has several large‐scale active faults that hosted some destructive earthquakes in the last 100 years. Although intensively studied, the fault kinematics of those seismogenic faults are still not clear, mainly because of poor observational constraints. Hence, high‐resolution present‐day deformation maps are essential to answering this question, either of scientific or societal concern. We provide satellite‐based ground deformation rate maps with mm‐accuracy for this region. They show shallow fault creep along some segments of the Haiyuan fault which is better constrained than previous results, active tectonic uplift in the Lajishan. Our work gives new constraints for the seismic hazard for the Northeastern Tibetan Plateau case. We derive a new high‐resolution three‐dimensional present‐day deformation map for the Northeastern Tibetan PlateauGeodetic data reveals ongoing rapid uplift along an accurate orogenic belt from the eastern Qilianshan and LajishanNew constraints for the seismic hazard analysis for the Northeastern Tibetan Plateau We derive a new high‐resolution three‐dimensional present‐day deformation map for the Northeastern Tibetan Plateau Geodetic data reveals ongoing rapid uplift along an accurate orogenic belt from the eastern Qilianshan and Lajishan New constraints for the seismic hazard analysis for the Northeastern Tibetan Plateau

Oily scum was treated by hydrothermal dewatering (HTD) under 120-240°C. The changes of surface characteristics and physico-chemical structure of oily scum were investigated and the effect of temperature on the properties of the hydro-char obtained from oily scum was analyzed through different characterization techniques. Results show that the moisture content of HTD treated hydro-char decreases as the temperature increases, which implies that the oily scum can be dewatered and upgraded through HTD method. The morphologies of the HTD pretreated oily scum present less oil content, smaller particle size, and become darker. As the reactor temperature increases from 120 to 240°C during the HTD process, the moisture content of hydro-char obtained decreases from 35.51 to 11.31%, while the liquid content and hydro-char content increase from 58.53 to 79.76% and from 2.50 to 5.29%, respectively, and the released gas content slightly varies in the range of 3.14 - 4.31%. The breaking and gathering effects of the HTD upgrading on oily scum result in a wide particle size distribution of products, which indicates that the overall structure of raw oily scum has been destroyed. With the increase of HTD temperature, the shorten vibration of methylene groups in hydro-char products is weakened.

In order to solve the embedded NURBS interpolator closed structure problem, this paper proposes a NURBS interpolator based on quantum framework software bus architecture. Firstly, the NURBS interpolator trajectory interpolation algorithm and feedrate scheduling algorithm are presented. The embedded NC system systematic architecture is analyzed based on quantum framework. Secondly, the high-speed and high-precision NURBS curve interpolator and platform based on quantum framework are constructed. Finally, software simulation and actual machining experiment verify the correctness and validity of NURBS interpolator structure based on quantum framework by this paper.

We establish a continuous GPS transect crossing the central Altyn Tagh fault at 90°E with eight years of observations. GPS velocities along this profile and another one crossing the fault at 86°E suggest a fault slip rate of 12.4 ± 0.7 mm/yr, but with asymmetric straining of adjacent terrain. On the south side, ∼8.2 mm/yr of left‐lateral shear is absorbed across a region ∼210 km from the fault, but only ∼4.2 mm/yr is found on the north side. This estimate of slip rate is ∼30% larger than the consensus estimate of previous models. By treating the deforming regions as elastic plates with different thicknesses overlying a substrata that obeys a linear Maxwell viscoelastic constitutive relationship, we infer a viscosity of ∼5.1 × 1019Pa s (between 3.5 and 9.1 × 1019Pa s at 1‐σ) on the south side, beneath northern Tibetan Plateau. This low viscosity, compared to some estimates for the asthenosphere, concurs with the Tibetan Plateau being underlain by a relatively hot and weak lower crust and upper mantle. The effective elastic thickness on the south side is 16.5–20 km, which is significantly smaller than that of the Tarim Basin of >60 km. Markedly asymmetric interseismic deformation is observed across the Altyn Tagh fault, revealing differing lithospheric rheology across the fault between northern Tibet and the Tarim Basin. We invoke a 2‐dimensional viscoelastic deformation model to interpret the GPS velocity field across the central Altyn Tagh fault and find that the deformation field is well explained by viscoelastic deformation of the lower crust and upper mantle, underneath a thin elastic layer (∼17.5 km thick) for the northern Tibet and Qaidam Basin and a thick elastic layer (>60 km thick) for the Tarim Basin, respectively. The inferred effective viscosity of ∼5.1 × 1019Pa s for northern Tibet lithosphere substrate is similar to that beneath other regions with thin lithosphere in the world. Characterization of the rheological structure of the Tibetan plateau and its boundary faults helps understanding dynamic processes of the plateau lithosphere and the continental lithosphere at large. The estimated long‐term slip rate of ∼12 mm/yr for the central Altyn Tagh fault is ∼30% higher than the consensus estimate of previous geodetic studies, which has a significant implication for the assessment of seismic hazard for the northern rim of the Tibetan plateau. Asymmetric interseismic deformation across Altyn Tagh fault reveals differing lithospheric rheology between northern Tibet and TarimViscosity of 5.1 (+4.0/–1.6)×1019Pa s for lower crust and upper mantle of northern Tibet and Qaidam is similar to that beneath regions of thin lithosphereEffective elastic thickness of northern Tibet and western Qaidam Basin (16.5–20 km) is notably thinner than that of Tarim Basin (>60 km) Asymmetric interseismic deformation across Altyn Tagh fault reveals differing lithospheric rheology between northern Tibet and Tarim Viscosity of 5.1 (+4.0/–1.6)×1019Pa s for lower crust and upper mantle of northern Tibet and Qaidam is similar to that beneath regions of thin lithosphere Effective elastic thickness of northern Tibet and western Qaidam Basin (16.5–20 km) is notably thinner than that of Tarim Basin (>60 km)

This paper describes the research and implementation of ground source heat pump unit remote real-time monitoring system, researches in remote real-time monitoring system's overall design, hardware design, software design and implementation of OPC communication. The host computer takes advantage of the human-computer interaction interface of configuration software to achieve the remote real-time monitoring for ground source heat pump unit's running state; the lower computer uses data collector to intensively collect the data which is measured by field measuring instruments, and to achieve remote data transmission based on Ethernet, and then to carry out the communication between the host computer and the lower computer via OPC technology. The results show that the system achieves remote real-time monitoring of ground source heat pump unit, and is stable, easy to operate and provides a reliable basis for the actual energy saving effect's evaluation of ground source heat pump system.

Nanometer far-infrared materials (NFIM) were doped into ceramic glazes to prepare easy-to-clean ceramic glazes，and the effect of NFIM on the cleanability properties was investigated. Static contact angle measurements were used to describe the surface hydrophilic property and calculate the surface free energy. The effect of far-infrared radiance measured by Fourier Transform Infrared Spectrometer on the O/W interface tension was tested by a Dynamic Contact Angle Meter and Tensiometer. The cleanability was estimated by the ultraviolet spectrophotometry technique using oleic acid as soiling agent. It was shown that the better cleanability of the ceramic glazes, the higher surface free energy and its polar contribution. The experiments were carried out on detachment of oleic acid drop from the easy-to-clean ceramic glazes. The three-phase contact line shrinked spontaneously, and eventually the oil drop detached from the surface. The spontaneous detachment of a drop corresponded to two different driving factors: (1) the decrease of oil-water interfacial tension caused by the far-infrared radiation of the glazes, (2) the spontaneous advancement of aqueous meniscus owing to the penetration of water between the oil and super hydrophilic glaze surfaces.

Main evaluation methods of easy-to-clean property of domestic ceramics and sanitary wares were reviewed. Easy-to-clean technology meets the 21st century energy-saving industrial policies and will improve rapidly in new product development, evaluation techniques and standardization research.

A novel all-optical area-modulation scheme is suggested and experimentally demonstrated. In a mutually perpendicular interaction geometry inside a nonlinear material, the signal beam, which passes through an induced temporal prism formed by an area-modulated optical pump beam, undergoes a spatial phase modulation that leads to a beam deflection. Advantages and potential applications of the new all-optical modulation are addressed.