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8 results on '"Ali, Hisham"'

1. Global longitudinal strain as a predictor of short-term effect of oral antiviral regimens on myocardium in Egyptian patients with chronic viral hepatitis C.

Author

Farrag, Hazem Mohammad-Ali, Monir, Mina Samir, Abdel-Dayem, Wael Soliman, Ali, Hisham Abdel-Haleem, and Ibrahim, Alaa Mohammad

Abstract

Background: Hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection has been noted with various cardiovascular (CV) diseases, and patients with detected HCV-RNA had higher CV mortality than uninfected individuals. The new direct-acting antiviral drugs (DAA) proved to be more effective with fewer side effects compared to interferon in eradicating HCV, but their effect on myocardium is still questionable. In order to get some answers for such question, two-dimensional speckle tracking echocardiography (2D-STE) was studied before and after treatment with different DAA regimens in HCV patients with either mildly impaired or normal basic left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF). Results: Global longitudinal strain (GLS) significantly worsened after finishing antiviral treatment in patients with basic impairment of LVEF (n = 100) and those with normal basic LVEF (n = 20) [p = 0.006 and 0.039, respectively]; also, segmental strain showed significant worsening of many segments. Such worsening was significantly more in those with basic impairment of LVEF compared to those with normal basic LVEF (p = 0.036). No significant difference was observed in GLS and segmental strain when classifying and comparing patients according to gender, presence of diabetes mellitus, hypertension, ischemic heart disease and established cardiac medications, or according to DAA regimen received. Conclusion: DAA may have a cardiotoxic effect that could be early detected by 2D-STE, which was more significant in patients with pre-treatment impairment of LVEF. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2021
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2. Receptor Heterodimerization Modulates Endocytosis through Collaborative and Competitive Mechanisms

Author

Zhao, Chi, DeGroot, Andre C.M., Hayden, Carl C., Houser, Justin R., Ali, Hisham A., LaMonica, Megan F., and Stachowiak, Jeanne C.

Abstract

Recruitment of receptors into clathrin-coated structures is essential to signal transduction and nutrient uptake. Among the many receptors involved in these processes, a significant fraction forms dimers. Dimerization of identical partners has generally been thought to promote receptor recruitment for uptake because of increased affinity of the dimer for the endocytic machinery. But what happens when receptors with substantially different affinities for the endocytic machinery come together to form a heterodimer? Evidence from diverse receptor classes, including G-protein-coupled receptors and receptor tyrosine kinases, suggests that heterodimerization with a strongly recruited receptor can drive significant recruitment of a receptor that lacks direct interactions with the endocytic machinery. However, a systematic biophysical understanding of this effect has yet to be established. Motivated by the potential of such events to influence cell signaling, here, we investigate the impact of receptor heterodimerization on endocytic recruitment using a family of engineered model receptors. As expected, we find that dimerization of a weakly recruited receptor with a strongly recruited receptor promotes incorporation of the weakly recruited receptor to endocytic structures. However, the effectiveness of this collaborative mechanism depends heavily on the relative strengths of endocytic recruitment of the two receptors that make up the dimer. Specifically, as the strength of endocytic recruitment of the weakly recruited receptor approaches that of the strongly recruited receptor, monomers of each receptor compete with heterodimers for space within endocytic structures. In this regime, the presence of the strongly recruited receptor drives a reduction in incorporation of the weakly recruited receptor into clathrin-coated structures. Similarly, as the strength of the dimer bond between the two receptors is progressively weakened, competition begins to dominate over collaboration. Collectively, these results demonstrate that the impact of receptor heterodimerization on endocytic recruitment is controlled by a delicate balance between collaborative and competitive mechanisms.

Published
2019
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4. Enhancing IoT network security through deep learning-powered Intrusion Detection System

Author

Bakhsh, Shahid Allah, Khan, Muhammad Almas, Ahmed, Fawad, Alshehri, Mohammed S., Ali, Hisham, and Ahmad, Jawad

Abstract

The rapid growth of the Internet of Things (IoT) has brought about a global concern for the security of interconnected devices and networks. This necessitates the use of efficient Intrusion Detection System (IDS) to mitigate cyber threats. Deep learning (DL) techniques provides a promising approach to effectively detect irregularities in network traffic, enhancing IoT network security and reducing cyber threats. In this paper, DL-based IDS is proposed using Feed Forward Neural Networks (FFNN), Long Short-Term Memory (LSTM), and Random Neural Networks (RandNN) to protect IoT networks from cyberattacks. Each DL model has its potential benefit as reported in this paper. For example, the FFNN can handle complex IoT network traffic patterns, while the LSTM is good in capturing long-term dependencies present in the network traffic. With its random connections and flexible dynamics, the RandNN model uses its data learning ability to adapt and learn from network data. These algorithms boost cybersecurity by enabling defense mechanisms against challenging cyber threats and ensuring the security of sensitive data as IoT networks expand. The proposed technique exhibits superior performance when compared with the current state-of-the-art DL-IDS using the CIC-IoT22 dataset. An accuracy of 99.93 % is achieved for the FFNN model, 99.85 % for the LSTM model, and 96.42 % for the RandNN model in detecting intrusion. Moreover, the models have the potential to enhance intrusion detection in IoT networks by generating swift responses to security problems in IoT networks.

Published
2023
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5. Possible role of leptin, and tumor necrosis factor-alpha in hypoandrogenicity in patients with early rheumatoid arthritis.

Author

Ismail, Faten, Ali, Hisham Abdel-haleem, and Ibrahim, Hanaa M.

Subjects
LEPTIN, TUMOR necrosis factors, RHEUMATOID arthritis, SEX hormones, TESTOSTERONE, DEHYDROEPIANDROSTERONE, HYPERANDROGENISM
Abstract

Abstract: Introduction: Hypoandrogenicity is common in men with rheumatoid arthritis who have lower levels of sex hormones such as testosterone and dehydroepiandrosterone sulphate. The fat tissue hormone leptin is stimulated by tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α), and was found to be associated with hypoandrogenicity. Aim of the work: To study the inter-relation between serum levels of TNF-α, leptin and androgens in early diagnosed RA. Patients and methods: Serum levels of TNF-α, leptin, testosterone, and (DHEAS) hormones were measured by ELISA and compared in 40 men with early RA and 30 healthy volunteers. Results: The mean serum leptin and TNF-α were significantly elevated in patients with RA compared to control group, and both of them were positively correlated with the disease activity score (DAS28). Sex hormones (testosterone and DHEAS) were significantly decreased in male patients with RA compared to control group, and they were negatively correlated with serum TNF-α, leptin. Conclusion: Our data suggest that TNF-α, and leptin may be involved in hypoandrogenicity in patients with RA and that strategies aimed at interfering with leptin axis could represent innovative therapeutic tool for hypoandrogenicity in RA. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]

Published
2011
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6. Dynamic strain measurements with a luminescent photoelastic coating

Author

Gerber, Daniel R., Ali, Hisham K., and Hubner, James P.

Abstract

Over the past few years, the luminescent photoelastic coating technique has been extended to acquire principal strain measurements on static, three-dimensional structural components under load. The approach uses oblique incident excitation and digital imaging of the luminescence; subsequent analysis is performed on a three-dimension grid compatible with finite element analysis. This paper discusses the initial efforts to extend the technique for dynamically loaded specimens in which the excitation is strobed in synchronization with the load application cycle.

Published
2011
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7. Global longitudinal strain as a predictor of short-term effect of oral antiviral regimens on myocardium in Egyptian patients with chronic viral hepatitis C.

Author

Farrag, Hazem Mohammad-Ali, Monir, Mina Samir, Abdel-Dayem, Wael Soliman, Ali, Hisham Abdel-Haleem, and Ibrahim, Alaa Mohammad

Abstract

Background: Hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection has been noted with various cardiovascular (CV) diseases, and patients with detected HCV-RNA had higher CV mortality than uninfected individuals. The new direct-acting antiviral drugs (DAA) proved to be more effective with fewer side effects compared to interferon in eradicating HCV, but their effect on myocardium is still questionable. In order to get some answers for such question, two-dimensional speckle tracking echocardiography (2D-STE) was studied before and after treatment with different DAA regimens in HCV patients with either mildly impaired or normal basic left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF). Results: Global longitudinal strain (GLS) significantly worsened after finishing antiviral treatment in patients with basic impairment of LVEF (n = 100) and those with normal basic LVEF (n = 20) [p = 0.006 and 0.039, respectively]; also, segmental strain showed significant worsening of many segments. Such worsening was significantly more in those with basic impairment of LVEF compared to those with normal basic LVEF (p = 0.036). No significant difference was observed in GLS and segmental strain when classifying and comparing patients according to gender, presence of diabetes mellitus, hypertension, ischemic heart disease and established cardiac medications, or according to DAA regimen received. Conclusion: DAA may have a cardiotoxic effect that could be early detected by 2D-STE, which was more significant in patients with pre-treatment impairment of LVEF. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2021
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