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1. Adherence to antihypertensive medications in Omani patients: a comparison of drug biochemical analysis and the Morisky Medication Adherence Scale

Author: Al-Ani, Abdullah, Al Suleimani, Yousuf, Ritscher, Sabrina, Toennes, Stefan W., Al-Hashar, Amna, Al-Zakwani, Ibrahim, Al Za’abi, Mohammed, and Al Hashmi, Khamis
Published: 2025
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2. Association of BMI, lipid-lowering medication, and age with prevalence of type 2 diabetes in adults with heterozygous familial hypercholesterolaemia: a worldwide cross-sectional study

Author: Elshorbagy, Amany, Lyons, Alexander R.M., Vallejo-Vaz, Antonio J., Stevens, Christophe A.T., Dharmayat, Kanika I., Brandts, Julia, Catapano, Alberico L., Freiberger, Tomas, Hovingh, G. Kees, Mata, Pedro, Raal, Frederick J., Santos, Raul D., Soran, Handrean, Watts, Gerald F., Abifadel, Marianne, Aguilar-Salinas, Carlos A., Alhabib, Khalid F., Alkhnifsawi, Mutaz, Almahmeed, Wael, Alonso, Rodrigo, Al-Rasadi, Khalid, Al-Sarraf, Ahmad, Ashavaid, Tester F., Banach, Maciej, Binder, Christoph J., Bourbon, Mafalda, Brunham, Liam R., Chlebus, Krzysztof, Corral, Pablo, Cruz, Diogo, Davletov, Kairat, Descamps, Olivier S., Ezhov, Marat, Gaita, Dan, Groselj, Urh, Harada-Shiba, Mariko, Holven, Kirsten B., Kayikcioglu, Meral, Khovidhunkit, Weerapan, Lalic, Katarina, Latkovskis, Gustavs, Laufs, Ulrich, Liberopoulos, Evangelos, Lima-Martinez, Marcos M., Lin, Jie, Maher, Vincent, Marais, A. David, März, Winfried, Mirrakhimov, Erkin, Miserez, André R., Mitchenko, Olena, Nawawi, Hapizah, Nordestgaard, Børge G., Panayiotou, Andrie G., Paragh, György, Petrulioniene, Zaneta, Pojskic, Belma, Postadzhiyan, Arman, Reda, Ashraf, Reiner, Željko, Reyes, Ximena, Sadiq, Fouzia, Sadoh, Wilson E., Schunkert, Heribert, Shek, Aleksandr B., Stroes, Erik, Su, Ta-Chen, Subramaniam, Tavintharan, Susekov, Andrey V., Tilney, Myra, Tomlinson, Brian, Truong, Thanh-Huong, Tselepis, Alexandros D., Tybjærg-Hansen, Anne, Vázquez, Alejandra C., Viigimaa, Margus, Vohnout, Branislav, Wang, Luya, Yamashita, Shizuya, Arca, Marcello, Averna, Maurizio, Schreier, Laura, Pang, Jing, Ebenbichler, Christoph, Dieplinger, Hans, Innerhofer, Reinhold, Winhofer-Stöckl, Yvonne, Greber-Platzer, Susanne, Krychtiuk, Konstantin, Speidl, Walter, Toplak, Hermann, Widhalm, Kurt, Stulnig, Thomas, Huber, Kurt, Höllerl, Florian, Rega-Kaun, Gersina, Kleemann, Lucas, Mäser, Martin, Scholl-Bürgi, Sabine, Säly, Christoph, Mayer, Florian J., Sperone, Alexandra, Tanghe, Chloé, Gérard, Anne-Catherine, Pojskic, Lamija, Sisic, Ibrahim, Durak Nalbantic, Azra, Ejubovic, Malik, Jannes, Cinthia E., Pereira, Alexandre C., Krieger, Jose E., Petrov, Ivo, Goudev, Assen, Nikolov, Fedya, Tisheva, Snejana, Yotov, Yoto, Tzvetkov, Ivajlo, Baass, Alexis, Bergeron, Jean, Bernard, Sophie, Brisson, Diane, Brunham, Liam R., Cermakova, Lubomira, Couture, Patrick, Francis, Gordon A., Gaudet, Daniel, Hegele, Robert A., Khoury, Etienne, Mancini, G.B. John, McCrindle, Brian W., Paquette, Martine, Ruel, Isabelle, Iatan, Iulia, Cuevas, Ada, Wang, Xumin, Meng, Kang, Song, Xiantao, Yong, Qiang, Jiang, Tao, Liu, Ziyou, Duan, Yanyu, Hong, Jing, Ye, Pucong, Chen, Yan, Qi, Jianguang, Liu, Zesen, Li, Yuntao, Zhang, Chaoyi, Peng, Jie, Yang, Ya, Yu, Wei, Wang, Qian, Yuan, Hui, Cheng, Shitong, Jiang, Long, Chong, Mei, Jiao, Jian, Wu, Yue, Wen, Wenhui, Xu, Liyuan, Zhang, Ruiying, Qu, Yichen, He, Jianxun, Fan, Xuesong, Wang, Zhenjia, Chow, Elaine, Pećin, Ivan, Perica, Dražen, Symeonides, Phivos, Vrablik, Michal, Ceska, Richard, Soska, Vladimir, Tichy, Lukas, Adamkova, Vera, Franekova, Jana, Cifkova, Renata, Kraml, Pavel, Vonaskova, Katerina, Cepova, Jana, Dusejovska, Magdalena, Pavlickova, Lenka, Blaha, Vladimir, Rosolova, Hana, Nussbaumerova, Barbora, Cibulka, Roman, Vaverkova, Helena, Cibickova, Lubica, Krejsova, Zdenka, Rehouskova, Katerina, Malina, Pavel, Budikova, Milena, Palanova, Vaclava, Solcova, Lucie, Lubasova, Alena, Podzimkova, Helena, Bujdak, Juraj, Vesely, Jiri, Jordanova, Marta, Salek, Tomas, Urbanek, Robin, Zemek, Stanislav, Lacko, Jan, Halamkova, Hana, Machacova, Sona, Mala, Sarka, Cubova, Eva, Valoskova, Katerina, Burda, Lukas, Benn, Marianne, Bendary, Ahmed, Daoud, Ihab, Emil, Sameh, Elbahry, Atef, Rafla, Samir, Sanad, Osama, Kazamel, Ghada, Ashraf, Dr Mohamed, Sobhy, Mohamed, El-Hadidy, Amro, Shafy, Mohamed Abdoul, Kamal, Saif, Bendary, Mohamed, Talviste, Grete, Christmann, Jutta, Dressel, Alexander, Fath, Felix, Ferraro, Chiara, Frenzke, Lydia, Gopon, Alica, Klein, Isabel, Pienkowska, Dominika, Sietmann, Tobias, Sonntag, Antonia, Adjan, Omar, Bahrmann, Philipp, Baessler, Andrea, Barkowski, Rasmus, Beckerdjian, Raffi, Berr, Christina, Birkenfeld, Andreas, Böll, Gereon, Carstensen, Avisha, Demuth, Ilya, Finkernagel, Holger, Gouni-Berthold, Ioanna, Hahmann, Harry, Hamerle, Michael, Halder, Julian, Heide, Maria, Julius, Ulrich, Kassner, Ursula, Katzmann, Julius L, Kirschbaum, Anja, Klose, Gerald, Könemann, Stephanie, König, Christel, König, Wolfgang, Krämer, Bernhard, Kuprat, Gerrit, Koschker, Ann-Cathrin, Krämer, Bernhard, Kilic, Özlem, Laufs, Ulrich, Lindenmeier, Gerd, Van de Loo, Iris, Lorenz, Babette, Lorenz, Elke, Löhr, Birgit, McChord, Johanna, Maslarska, Mariya, Methe, Heiko, Merkel, Martin, Moussaoui, Zineb, Müller-Kozarez, Irina, Olivier, Christoph B, Ong, Peter, Otte, Britta, Parhofer, Klaus, Partsch, Carl-Joachim, Paulus, Michael, Pehlivanli, Sinan, Pflederer, Tobias, Pusl, Thomas, Richter, Veronika, Rosner, Stefanie, Sanin, Veronika, Schäfer, Sebastian, Schäfer, Christoph, Schatz, Ulrike, Schirmer, Stephan, Schmidt, Christine, Seeger, Wolfgang, Sisovic, Snezna, Spens, Antje, Jablonski, Ksenija Stach, Stadelmann, Alexander, Steinhagen-Thiessen, Elisabeth, Stürzebecher, Paulina, Tafelmeier, Maria, Tillack, Dörthe, Tselmin, Sergey, Tünnemann-Tarr, Adrienn, Vogt, Anja, Beckerath, Jens von, Wilke, Andreas, Wolf, Ulrich, Zemmrich, Claudia, Rizos, Christos V., Skoumas, Ioannis, Tziomalos, Konstantinos, Rallidis, Loukianos, Kotsis, Vasileios, Doumas, Michalis, Athyros, Vasileios, Skalidis, Emmanouil, Kolovou, Genovefa, Kolovou, Vana, Garoufi, Anastasia, Bilianou, Eleni, Koutagiar, Iosif, Kiouri, Estela, Antza, Christina, Zacharis, Evangelos, Attilakos, Achilleas, Sfikas, George, Koumaras, Charalambos, Anagnostis, Panagiotis, Anastasiou, Georgia, Liamis, George, Koutsogianni, Amalia-Despoina, Petkou, Ermioni, Milionis, Haralambos, Koulouri, Anastasia, Prodromiadou, Elisavet, Karányi, Zsolt, Harangi, Mariann, Bajnok, László, Audikovszky, Mária, Márk, László, Benczúr, Béla, Reiber, István, Nagy, Gergely, Nagy, András, Reddy, Lakshmi Lavanya, Shah, Swarup A. V, Ponde, Chandrashekhar K., Dalal, Jamshed J., Sawhney, Jitendra P.S., Verma, Ishwar C., Altaey, Mays, Al-Jumaily, Khalid, Rasul, Dilshad, Abdalsahib, Ali Fawzi, Jabbar, Amer Abdl, Al-ageedi, Mohanad, Abdalsahib, Ali Fawzi, Al-ageedi, Mohanad, Dhamin, Mohammed, AlFil, Sarmad, Khadhim, Foad, Miahy, Sabah, Agar, Ruth, Catapano, Alberico Luigi, Arca, Marcello, Averna, Maurizio, Calandra, Sebastiano, Tarugi, Patrizia, Casula, Manuela, Galimberti, Federica, Olmastroni, Elena, Sarzani, Riccardo, Ferri, Claudio, Repetti, Elena, Piro, Salvatore, Suppressa, Patrizia, Meregalli, Giancarla, Borghi, Claudio, Muntoni, Sandro, Calabrò, Paolo, Cipollone, Francesco, Purrello, Francesco, Pujia, Arturo, Passaro, Angelina, Marcucci, Rossella, Pecchioli, Valerio, Pisciotta, Livia, Mandraffino, Giuseppe, Pellegatta, Fabio, Mombelli, Giuliana, Branchi, Adriana, Fiorenza, Anna Maria, Pederiva, Cristina, Werba, Josè Pablo, Parati, Gianfranco, Carubbi, Francesca, Iughetti, Lorenzo, Fortunato, Giuliana, Iannuzzi, Arcangelo, Iannuzzo, Gabriella, Cefalù, Angelo Baldassare, Biasucci, Giacomo, Zambon, Sabina, Pirro, Matteo, Sbrana, Francesco, Trenti, Chiara, D'Erasmo, Laura, Federici, Massimo, Ben, Maria Del, Bartuli, Andrea, Giaccari, Andrea, Pipolo, Antonio, Citroni, Nadia, Guardamagna, Ornella, Lia, Salvatore, Benso, Andrea, Biolo, Gianni, Maroni, Lorenzo, Lupi, Alessandro, Bonanni, Luca, Rinaldi, Elisabetta, Zenti, Maria Grazia, Matsuki, Kota, Hori, Mika, Ogura, Masatsune, Masuda, Daisaku, Kobayashi, Takuya, Nagahama, Kumiko, Al-Jarallah, Mohammed, Radovic, Mirjana, Lunegova, Olga, Bektasheva, Erkayim, Abilova, Saamay, Erglis, Andrejs, Gilis, Dainus, Nesterovics, Georgijs, Saripo, Vita, Meiere, Ruta, Skudrina, Gunda, Terauda, Elizabete, Jambart, Selim, Ayoub, Carine, Ghaleb, Youmna, Aliosaitiene, Urte, Kutkiene, Sandra, Abdul Kadir, Siti Hamimah Sheikh, Kasim, Noor Alicezah Mohd, Nor, Noor Shafina Mohd, Abdul Hamid, Hasidah, Abdul Razak, Suraya, Al-Khateeb, Alyaa, Abd Muid, Suhaila, Abdul Rahman, Thuhairah, Kasim, Sazzli Shahlan, Radzi, Ahmad Bakhtiar Md, Ibrahim, Khairul Shafiq, Rosli, Marshima Mohd, Razali, Rafezah, Chua, Yung An, Razman, Aimi Zafira, Nazli, Sukma Azureen, Aziz, Nazirul, Rosman, Azhari, Abdul Murad, NorAzian, Jalaludin, Mohd Amin, Abdul Latif, Ahmad Zubaidi, Azzopardi, C., Mehta, Roopa, Martagon, Alexandro J., Ramirez, Gabriela A. Galan, Villa, Neftali E Antonio, Vazquez, Arsenio Vargas, Elias-Lopez, Daniel, Retana, Gustavo Gonzalez, Rodriguez, Betsabel, Macías, Jose J. Ceballos, Zazueta, Alejandro Romero, Alvarado, Rocio Martinez, Portano, Julieta D. Morales, Lopez, Humberto Alvares, Sauque-Reyna, Leobardo, Herrera, Laura G. Gomez, Mendia, Luis E. Simental, Aguilar, Humberto Garcia, Cooremans, Elizabeth Ramirez, Aparicio, Berenice Peña, Zubieta, Victoria Mendoza, Gonzalez, Perla A. Carrillo, Ferreira-Hermosillo, Aldo, Portilla, Nacu Caracas, Dominguez, Guadalupe Jimenez, Garcia, Alinna Y. Ruiz, Cazares, Hector E. Arriaga, Gonzalez, Jesus R., Valencia, Carla V. Mendez, Padilla, Francisco G., Prado, Ramon Madriz, Ibarra, Manuel O. De los Rios, Villicaña, Ruy D. Arjona, Rivera, Karina J. Acevedo, Carrera, Ricardo Allende, Alvarez, Jose A., Martinez, Jose C. Amezcua, Bustillo, Manuel de los Reyes Barrera, Vargas, Gonzalo Carazo, Chacon, Roberto Contreras, Andrade, Mario H. Figueroa, Ortega, Ashanty Flores, Alcala, Hector Garcia, de Leon, Laura E. Garcia, Guzman, Berenice Garcia, Garcia, Jose J. Garduño, Cuellar, Juan C. Garnica, Cruz, Jose R. Gomez, Garcia, Anell Hernandez, Almada, Jesus R. Holguin, Herrera, Ursulo Juarez, Sobrevilla, Fabiola Lugo, Rodriguez, Eduardo Marquez, Sibaja, Cristina Martinez, Rodriguez, Alma B. Medrano, Oyervides, Jose C. Morales, Vazquez, Daniel I. Perez, Rodriguez, Eduardo A. Reyes, Osorio, Ma. Ludivina Robles, Saucedo, Juan Rosas, Tamayo, Margarita Torres, Talavera, Luis A. Valdez, Arroyo, Luis E. Vera, Carrillo, Eloy A. Zepeda, Stroes, Erik S, Defesche, J, Zuurbier, L, Reeskamp, L, Ibrahim, S, Roeters van Lennep, Jeanine, Wiegman, Albert, Isara, Alphonsus, Obaseki, Darlington E., Al-Waili, Khalid, Al-Zadjali, Fahad, Al-Zakwani, Ibrahim, Al-Kindi, Mohammed, Al-Mukhaini, Suad, Al-Barwani, Hamida, Rana, Asim, Shah, Lahore Saeed Ullah, Al-Nouri, Fahad, Starostecka, Ewa, Konopka, Agnieszka, Bielecka-Dabrowa, Agata, Lewek, Joanna, Sosnowska, Bozena, Gąsior, Mariusz, Dyrbuś, Krzysztof, Jóźwiak, Jacek, Pajkowski, Marcin, Romanowska-Kocejko, Marzena, Żarczyńska-Buchowiecka, Marta, Chmara, Magdalena, Wasąg, Bartosz, Stróżyk, Aneta, Michalska-Grzonkowska, Aleksandra, Medeiros, Ana Margarida, Alves, Ana Catarina, Silva, Francisco, Lobarinhas, Goreti, Palma, Isabel, de Moura, Jose Pereira, Rico, Miguel Toscano, Rato, Quitéria, Pais, Patrícia, Correia, Susana, Moldovan, Oana, Virtuoso, Maria João, Araujo, Francisco, Salgado, Jose Miguel, Colaço, Ines, Dumitrescu, Andreea, Lengher, Calin, Mosteoru, Svetlana, Meshkov, Alexey, Ershova, Alexandra, Rozhkova, Tatiana, Korneva, Victoria, Yu, Kuznetsova T., Zafiraki, Vitaliy, Voevoda, Mikhail, Gurevich, Victor, Duplyakov, Dmitry, Ragino, Yulia, Chubykina, Uliana, Shaposhnik, Igor, Alkaf, Fahmi, Khudari, Alia, Rwaili, Nawal, Al-Allaf, Faisal, Alghamdi, Mohammad, Batais, Mohammed A, Almigbal, Turky H, Kinsara, Abdulhalim, AlQudaimi, Ashraf Hammouda Ahmed, Awan, Zuhier, Elamin, Omer A, Altaradi, Hani, Popovic, Ljiljana, Singh, Sandra, Rasulic, Iva, Petakov, Ana, Lalic, Nebojsa M., Lam, Carolyn, Le, Tan Ju, Siang, Eric Lim Tien, Dissanayake, Sanjaya, I-Shing, Justin Tang, Shyong, Tai E, Jin, Terrance Chua Siang, Ting, Sharon Pek Li, Ming, Jeremy Hoe Kian, Drum, Chester Lee, Nastar, Fathima Ashna, Jia, Loh Wann, Ya, Natalie Koh Si, Jie, Marvin Chua Wei, Dalan, Rinkoo, Wei, Yong Quek, sian, Tiong Yee, Keong, Yeo Khung, Rong, Siau Kai, Jin, Darren Seah Ee, Ming, Ian Koh Jan, Chang, Tan Hong, Peng, Fabian Yap Kok, Vasanwala, Rashida Farhad, Raslova, Katarina, Balinth, Karin, Buganova, Ingrid, Fabryova, Lubomira, Kadurova, Michaela, Klabnik, Alexander, Kozárová, Miriam, Sirotiakova, Jana, Battelino, Tadej, Cevc, Matija, Debeljak, Marusa, Torkar, Ana Drole, Fras, Zlatko, Jug, Borut, Cugalj, Barbara Kern, Kovac, Jernej, Mlinaric, Matej, Sikonja, Jaka, Pilcher, Gillian Joan, Blom, D J, Wolmarans, K H, Brice, B C, Muñiz-Grijalvo, Ovidio, Díaz-Díaz, Jose Luis, de Isla, Leopoldo Pérez, Fuentes, Francisco, Badimon, Lina, Martin, François, Miserez, Eleonore B., Shipton, Janine L., Ganokroj, Poranee, Chattranukulchai, Pairoj, Jiamjarasrungsi, Wiroj, Thongtang, Nuntakorn, Krittayaphong, Rungroj, Vathesatogkit, Prin, Sriphrapradang, Chutintorn, Phimphilai, Mattabhorn, Leelawattana, Rattana, Anthanont, Pimjai, Suraamornkul, Swangjit, Deerochanawong, Chaicharn, Senthong, Vichai, Torpongpun, Artit, Suteerayongprasert, Panuwat, Pengpong, Nawarat, Sathavarodom, Nattapol, Sunanta, Usanee, Porntharukchareon, Thachanun, Kiatpanabhikul, Phatharaporn, Kaewkrasaesin, Chatchon, Kongkit, Jaruwan, Umphonsathien, Mongkontida, Akbulut, Mehmet, Alici, Gökhan, Bayram, Fahri, Can, Levent Hürkan, Celik, Ahmet, Ceyhan, Ceyhun, Coskun, Fatma Yilmaz, Demir, Mesut, Demircan, Sabri, Dogan, Volkan, Durakoglugil, Emre, Dural, İbrahim Etem, Gedikli, Omer, Hacioglu, Aysa, Ildizli, Muge, Kilic, Salih, Kirilmaz, Bahadir, Kutlu, Merih, Oguz, Aytekin, Ozdogan, Oner, Onrat, Ersel, Ozer, Savas, Sabuncu, Tevfik, Sahin, Tayfun, Sivri, Fatih, Sonmez, Alper, Temizhan, Ahmet, Topcu, Selim, Tokgozoglu, Lale, Tuncez, Abdullah, Vural, Mirac, Yenercag, Mustafa, Yesilbursa, Dilek, Yigit, Zerrin, Yildirim, Aytul Belgi, Yildirir, Aylin, Yilmaz, Mehmet Birhan, Atallah, Bassam, Traina, Mahmoud, Sabbour, Hani, Abdul Hay, Dana, Luqman, Neama, Elfatih, Abubaker, Abdulrasheed, Arshad, Manla, Yosef, Kwok, See, DellOca, Nicolas, Alieva, Rano B., Fozilov, Khurshid G., Hoshimov, Shavkat U., Nizamov, Ulugbek I., Kan, Liliya E., Kim, Andrey R., Abdullaeva, Guzal J., Abdullaev, Alisher A., Do, Doan Loi, Nguyen, Mai Ngoc Thi, Kim, Ngoc Thanh, Le, Thanh Tung, Le, Hong An, and Ray, Kausik K.
Abstract: Statins are the cornerstone treatment for patients with heterozygous familial hypercholesterolaemia but research suggests it could increase the risk of type 2 diabetes in the general population. A low prevalence of type 2 diabetes was reported in some familial hypercholesterolaemia cohorts, raising the question of whether these patients are protected against type 2 diabetes. Obesity is a well known risk factor for the development of type 2 diabetes. We aimed to investigate the associations of known key determinants of type 2 diabetes with its prevalence in people with heterozygous familial hypercholesterolaemia.
Published: 2024
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3. Evaluation of hyperkalemia associated with intravenous co-trimoxazole in hospitalized patients in Oman.

Author: Abdalaziz, Dalia, Al-Zakwani, Ibrahim, Abdelrahman, Aly, Hamdy, Ibrahim, and AlSuleimani, Yousuf
Subjects: RISK assessment, NONSTEROIDAL anti-inflammatory agents, PHARMACEUTICAL arithmetic, SPIRONOLACTONE, HYPERKALEMIA, SCIENTIFIC observation, LOGISTIC regression analysis, SEX distribution, ACE inhibitors, POTASSIUM, HEPARIN, ENZYME inhibitors, RETROSPECTIVE studies, DESCRIPTIVE statistics, AGE distribution, INTRAVENOUS therapy, ANTI-infective agents, ODDS ratio, ANGIOTENSIN receptors, CO-trimoxazole, MEDICAL records, ACQUISITION of data, ELECTRONIC health records, INFERENTIAL statistics, PNEUMOCYSTIS pneumonia, ADRENERGIC beta blockers, PHARMACY databases, CONFIDENCE intervals, DISEASE risk factors
Abstract: Co-trimoxazole is a combination of two antimicrobial drugs, (trimethoprim and sulfamethoxazole), that are used to treat a wide variety of infections such as urinary tract infection, pneumocystis pneumonia and traveler's diarrhea. Hyperkalemia is a life-threatening electrolyte disturbance. Objectives: This study aimed to determine the incidence of hyperkalemia and its risk factors among hospitalized patients receiving intravenous co-trimoxazole at Sultan Qaboos University Hospital (SQUH) in Muscat, Oman. Methods: This retrospective observational study included patients that were prescribed intravenous co-trimoxazole and identified using a computerized pharmacy system between January 2010 and December 2020. Patients' demographic and clinical characteristics were retrieved from their electronic medical records. The data were analyzed using descriptive and inferential statistical tests. Results: A total of 420 patients participated in this study. The median age of the patients was 51 (35-65) years and 55.5% were male. Hyperkalemia associated with co-trimoxazole was observed in (40.2%) of the patients. Around (44.2%) of patients who experienced hyperkalemia received a high dose of co-trimoxazole (15-20 mg/kg). Hyperkalemia occurred after the 5th day of co-trimoxazole treatment. Logistic regression analysis showed no relationship between hyperkalemia and age (adjusted odds ratio (AOR) 1.054, p=0.84), sex (AOR 1.167; p=0.471), dose (AOR 0.779; p=0.251), or use of concomitant medications (angiotensin-converting inhibitors, AOR 1.054, p=0.84; angiotensin receptor blockers, AOR 0.564; p=0.734; β-blockers, AOR 0.986; p=0.963; potassium supplements, AOR 0.59; p=0.175; nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs, AOR 0.842, p=0.684; spironolactone AOR 0.748, p=0.629; heparin AOR 0.822, p=0.382; calcineurin inhibitor, AOR 1.537, p=0.406). Conclusion: Co-trimoxazole use was associated with a high incidence of hyperkalemia in this group of patients. No association between hyperkalemia and risk factors was observed. Serum potassium levels should be closely monitored, especially in the first week of co-trimoxazole treatment, to prevent the incidence of hyperkalemia, and clinical staff should adhere to serum monitoring guidelines. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
Published: 2024
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4. Potentially Harmful Drug–Drug Interactions and Their Associated Factors Among Hospitalized Cardiac Patients: A Cross-Sectional Study

Author: Kalash, Abdulrahman, Abdelrahman, Aly, Al-Zakwani, Ibrahim, and Al Suleimani, Yousuf
Abstract: Background: Cardiovascular diseases are responsible for a significant proportion of mortalities worldwide. Elderly patients are the most affected by cardiovascular diseases, and because of factors such as polypharmacy, multimorbidity, and age-related changes in drug availability and metabolism, they are highly susceptible to the occurrence of drug–drug interactions. Drug–drug interactions are among the many drug-related problems leading to negative outcomes among inpatients and outpatients. Thus, it is important to investigate the prevalence, involved drugs, and factors related to potential drug–drug interactions (pDDIs) to properly optimize pharmacotherapy regimens for these patients. Objective: We aimed to determine the prevalence of pDDIs, drugs most frequently implicated, and significant predictors associated with these interactions among hospitalized patients in the Cardiology Unit at Sultan Qaboos University Hospital in Muscat, Oman. Methods: This retrospective cross-sectional study included 215 patients. Micromedex Drug-Reax®was used to identify pDDIs. Data extracted from patients’ medical records were collected and analyzed. Univariable and multivariable linear regression was applied to determine the predictors associated with the observed pDDIs. Results: A total of 2057 pDDIs were identified, with a median of nine (5–12) pDDIs per patient. Patients with at least one pDDI accounted for 97.2% of all the included patients. The majority of pDDIs were of major severity (52.6%), fair level of documentation (45.5%), and pharmacodynamic basis (55.9%). Potential drug–drug interactions between atorvastatin and clopidogrel were the most frequently observed (9%). Of all the detected pDDIs, around 79.6% of them included at least one antiplatelet drug. Having diabetes mellitus as a comorbidity (B= 2.564, p< 0.001) and the number of drugs taken during the hospitalization period (B= 0.562, p< 0.001) were factors positively associated with the frequency of pDDIs. Conclusions: Potential drug–drug interactions were highly prevalent among hospitalized cardiac patients at Sultan Qaboos University Hospital, Muscat, Oman. Patients having diabetes as a comorbidity and with a high number of administered drugs were at a higher risk of an increased number of pDDIs.
Published: 2023
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5. Levels of agreement among clinical pharmacists on the impact of pharmaceutical interventions in Oman: A retrospective analysis.

Author: Al-Maqbali, Juhaina Salim, Taqi, Aqila, Al-Hamadani, Buthaina, Gamal, Sara, Al-Lawati, Esra, Himali, Najwa Al, Bahram, Fatima, Al-Jabri, Suad, Al-Sharji, Nashwa, Homood, Saud, Siyabi, Bushra Al, Siyabi, Ekram Al, Al-Ajmi, Samyia, Al-Balushi, Kifah, and Al-Zakwani, Ibrahim
Subjects: EVALUATION of medical care, STATISTICS, PHARMACISTS' attitudes, TERTIARY care, RETROSPECTIVE studies, HOSPITAL pharmacies, TREATMENT effectiveness, DRUG toxicity, PATIENT safety
Abstract: Objectives: Disagreement between health care providers on medication-related interventions can affect clinical outcomes. We aimed to study the outcomes and significance of clinical pharmacists' interventions and evaluate the levels of agreement between different clinical pharmacists on the impact of pharmaceutical interventions. Methodology: A retrospective study was conducted at a tertiary care hospital in Oman. The study included all documented interventions by clinical pharmacists for all categories of admitted patients that met the inclusion criteria. Results: The originator clinical pharmacists interjected to improve the efficacy of treatment in (58%, n=1740) of the interventions, followed by toxicity reduction (24%). The level of agreement in the clinical significance resulted in substantial Scotts' kappa (k) between the originator and the first reviewer, the first and second reviewers, and the second reviewer and supervisor (86%; k=0.77; P<.001), (77%; k=0.63; P<.001), (84%; k=0.77; P<.001), respectively. In terms of grading of clinical significance, the originator clinical pharmacists recorded moderate significance in 50% of the interventions, followed by major (30%), not applicable (8.4%), and minor (7.3%). The level of agreement in the clinical significance resulted in substantial Scotts' k between the originator and the first reviewer, and between the second reviewer and supervisor (82%; k=0.72; P<.001), (84%; k=0.77; P<.001), respectively. The level of agreement between the first and second reviewer was fair (55%; k=0.28; p<0.001). Conclusion: Clinical pharmacists' interventions have a crucial impact on patient safety, improving efficacy and reducing toxicities. Overall, there was a substantial agreement among clinical pharmacists on the clinical significance and grading of the interventions.. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
Published: 2022
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6. Antibiotics utilization patterns and dosage appropriateness among patients receiving hemodialysis.

Author: Al Himali, Najwa, Al Suleimani, Yousuf M., Al-Zakwani, Ibrahim, and Abdelrahman, Aly M.
Abstract: Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is a global health challenge, with a reported prevalence of around 10%. Prescribing for patients receiving hemodialysis (HD) is challenging and complicated by polypharmacy, comorbidities, and changes in clearance of medications. The aim of this study was to evaluate antibiotics utilization patterns and dosage appropriateness in patients receiving HD at a tertiary hospital. A retrospective study was carried on 287 adult inpatients, who received HD and at least one antibiotic in a tertiary hospital in Oman. Data were extracted using the hospital's electronic patient information system. Dosage appropriateness was assessed by identifying the dosage and frequency of prescribed antibiotics and comparing them with international guidelines. The main outcome measures were antibiotics utilization patterns and dosing inappropriateness. The most commonly prescribed parenteral antibiotic was piperacillin + tazobactam (20%), while the most common prescribed oral antibiotic was azithromycin (41.7%). For prophylaxis, cefazolin (54.6%) was the main antibiotic prescribed. The most commonly used antibiotic for external use was mupirocin ointment (38.5%). The overall dosing inappropriateness was 29.5%. Vancomycin was the most common parenteral antibiotic subjected to dosing inappropriateness (19.8%). However, trimethoprim + sulfamethoxazole was more inappropriately prescribed among the oral route (28.6%). In conclusion, the most utilized antibiotic was piperacillin + tazobactam followed by vancomycin. The study reported some inappropriate dosing of antibiotics. Such a study opens the door for the establishment of local guidelines for the improved practice of antibiotics use in HD patients. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
Published: 2022
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7. Guideline-directed medical therapy in heart failure patients with reduced ejection fraction in Oman: utilization, reasons behind non-prescribing, and dose optimization.

Author: Al-Aghbari, Safiya, Al-Maqbali, Juhaina Salim, Al Alawi, Abdullah M., Al Za'abi, Mohammed, and Al-Zakwani, Ibrahim
Subjects: VENTRICULAR ejection fraction, MEDICAL protocols, HEART failure
Abstract: Background: Objective: To determine the reasons behind guideline-directed medical therapy (GDMT) non-prescribing, drug utilization before and after excluding those intolerable to GDMT, as well as dose optimization in heart failure (HF) patients with reduced ejection fraction (<40%) (HFrEF) in Oman. Methods: The study included HF patients seen at the medical outpatient clinics at Sultan Qaboos University Hospital, Muscat, Oman, between January 2016 and December 2019 and followed up until the end of June 2021. The use of renin-angiotensin-system (RAS) blockers (angiotensin-converting-enzyme inhibitors (ACEIs) or angiotensin II receptor blockers (ARBs) or angiotensin receptor-neprilysin inhibitors (ARNIs)), beta blockers and mineralocorticoid receptor antagonists (MRAs) were evaluated as per the European, American, and Canadian HF guidelines. Analyses were performed using univariate statistics. Results: A total of 171 HFrEF patients were enrolled for this study, the overall mean age of the cohort was 63 ± 15 years old and 59% were male. Over 65% of the patients had chronic kidney disease. Almost 55% of the patients were intolerable to GDMT. The proportion of patients on beta blockers, RAS blockers/ hydralazine-isosorbide dinitrate combination, and MRAs, before and after excluding those intolerable to GDMT, were 89%, 97%, and 77%, and, 94%, 47% and 85%, respectively, while the proportion of patients on the GDMT combination concomitantly was 41% and 83%, respectively. A total of 61%, 44% and 100% of the patients were prescribed ≥50% of the target dose for beta blockers, RAS blockers/ HYD-ISDN combination and MRAs respectively, while 19%, 8.2% and 94% of the patients attained 100% of the target dose for beta blockers, RAS blockers/ HYD-ISDN combination and MRAs respectively. Conclusions: Reasons behind GDMT non-prescribing were frequent and not clearly obvious in patients' medical notes. The majority of the patients were prescribed GDMT. However, dose optimization, specifically for beta blockers and RAS blockers/ HYD-ISDN combination, was still suboptimal. The findings should be interpreted in the context of low study power and that future studies, with larger sample sizes, are warranted to minimize this limitation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
Published: 2022
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8. Appropriateness of antifungal prescribing in Oman.

Author: El-Hussain, Fatima Issa, Balkhair, Abdullah, Al-Zakwani, Ibrahim, and Al Za'abi, Mohammed
Subjects: ANTIFUNGAL agents, SCIENTIFIC observation, RETROSPECTIVE studies, INAPPROPRIATE prescribing (Medicine), MEDICAL protocols, DRUG prescribing, DRUG interactions, DESCRIPTIVE statistics, PHYSICIAN practice patterns, DRUG resistance in microorganisms
Abstract: Background: The inappropriate use of antimicrobials has substantially contributed to the development of antimicrobial drug resistance. Appropriate antibacterial prescribing has been emphasised, with minimal focus on appropriate prescribing of antifungals. Evaluation of antifungal use in the clinical setting is essential to prevent unnecessary drug exposure, development of resistance, adverse effects, and high hospitalisation costs. Objective: The purpose of this study was to assess the appropriateness of antifungal prescribing among adult patients at the Sultan Qaboos University Hospital (SQUH) in Oman. Methods: In this retrospective, observational study, the study population comprised adult patients treated with oral or intravenous antifungals between July 2018 and December 2019. The appropriateness of treatment was assessed using guidelines from the Infectious Diseases Society of America (IDSA) and the National Comprehensive Cancer Network (NCCN), as well as a set of literature-based criteria that were modified by SQUH infectious diseases team to suit local practices. These criteria included indication, dosage, and potential drug interactions. The primary outcome was the frequency of adherence to the treatment guidelines for fungal infections. Descriptive statistics were used for data analysis. Results: A total of 400 prescriptions were collected, of which 158 (39.5%) were for empirical therapy, 135 (33.8%) for targeted therapy, 69 (17.3%) for prophylactic therapy, and 38 (9.5%) for pre-emptive therapy. The overall appropriateness was 74.8%. The indication, dosage, and potential for antifungal-drug interactions were considered appropriate in 391 (97.8%), 314 (78.5%), and 381 (95.3%) prescriptions, respectively. Anidulafungin was the most prescribed antifungal agent, with 210 prescriptions (52.5%), followed by fluconazole with 102 prescriptions (25.5%), and voriconazole with 48 prescriptions (12%). Conclusion: In comparison with publised literature, our study revealed appropriate antifungal drug prescribing practices. However, studies with larger sample size in various hospital settings are necessary to confirm our findings on a national scale, and to obtain better statistical inferences and generalisability. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
Published: 2022
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9. Clinical spectrum of childhood-onset hypocomplementemic urticarial vasculitis in Oman: A retrospective multicenter study.

Author: Al Musalhi, Buthaina Hashil, Al Kamzari, Ahmed, Al Kindi, Fatma, Al Abrawi, Safiya, Al-Zakwani, Ibrahim, and Abdwani, Reem
Published: 2021
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10. Prevalence and predictors of in-hospital mortality of patients hospitalized with COVID-19 infection.

Author: Khamis, Faryal, Memish, Ziad, Bahrani, Maher Al, Dowaiki, Samata Al, Pandak, Nenad, Bolushi, Zakaryia Al, Salmi, Issa Al, and Al-Zakwani, Ibrahim
Abstract: The severity and mortality from COVID-19 infection vary among populations. The aim of this study was to determine the prevalence and predictors of mortality among patients hospitalized with COVID-19 infection in a tertiary care hospital in Oman. We conducted a retrospective study using database that included: demographic, clinical characteristics, laboratory parameters, medications and clinical outcomes of all patients hospitalized in Royal Hospital, Muscat, Oman, between March 12, 2020 and December 1st 2020. Univariate and multivariate logistic regression was performed to investigate the relationship between each variable and the risk of death of COVID-19 infected patients. In total,1002 patients with COVID-19 infection with mean age of the cohort was 54 ± 16 years (65% (n = 650) male) were included, with an overall and intensive care unit (ICU) mortalities of 26% (n = 257) and 42% (n = 199/473), respectively. The prevalence of ICU admission was 47% (n = 473) and the need for mechanical ventilation was 41% (n = 413). The overall length of stay in the ICU was 13 (9–21) days. Adjusting for other factors in the model, the multivariable logistic regression demonstrated that in-hospital mortality in admitted COVID-19 patients was associated with old age (p < 0.001), heart diseases (adjusted odds ratio (aOR), 1.84; 95% confidence interval (CI): 1.11–3.03; p = 0.018), liver diseases (aOR, 4.48; 95% CI: 1.04–19.3; p = 0.044), those with higher ferritin levels (aOR, 1.00; 95% CI: 1.00–1.00; p = 0.006), acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) (aOR, 3.20; 95% CI: 1.65–6.18; p = 0.001), sepsis (aOR, 1.77; 95% CI: 1.12–2.80; p = 0.022), and those that had ICU admission (aOR, 2.22; 95% CI: 1.12–4.38; p = 0.022). In this cohort, mortality in hospitalized COVID-19 patients was high and was associated with advanced age, heart diseases, liver disease, high ferritin, ARDS, sepsis and ICU admission. These high-risk groups should be prioritized for COVID-19 vaccinations. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
Published: 2021
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11. Clinical characteristics and outcomes of the first 63 adult patients hospitalized with COVID-19: An experience from Oman.

Author: Khamis, Faryal, Al-Zakwani, Ibrahim, Al Naamani, Hamed, Al Lawati, Sultan, Pandak, Nenad, Omar, Muna Ba, Al Bahrani, Maher, Bulushi, Zakaryia AL, Al Khalili, Huda, Al Salmi, Issa, Al Ismaili, Ruwaida, and Al Awaidy, Salah T.
Abstract: To identify the clinical characteristics and outcomes of hospitalized patients with COVID-19 in Oman. A case series of hospitalized COVID-19 laboratory-confirmed patients between February 24th through April 24th, 2020, from two hospitals in Oman. Analyses were performed using univariate statistics. The cohort included 63 patients with an overall mean age of 48 ± 16 years and 84% (n = 53) were males. A total of 38% (n = 24) of the hospitalized patients were admitted to intensive care unit (ICU). Fifty one percent (n = 32) of patients had at least one co-morbidity with diabetes mellitus (DM) (32%; n = 20) and hypertension (32%; n = 20) as the most common co-morbidities followed by chronic heart and renal diseases (12.8%; n = 8). The most common presenting symptoms at onset of illness were fever (84%; n = 53), cough (75%; n = 47) and shortness of breaths (59%; n = 37). All except two patients (97%; n = 61) were treated with either chloroquine or hydroxychloroquine, while the three most prescribed antibiotics were ceftriaxone (79%; n = 50), azithromycin (71%; n = 45), and the piperacillin/tazobactam combination (49%; n = 31). A total of 59% (n = 37), 49% (n = 31) and 24% (n = 15) of the patients were on lopinavir/ritonavir, interferons, or steroids, respectively. Mortality was documented in (8%; n = 5) of the patients while 68% (n = 43) of the study cohort recovered. Mortality was associated with those that were admitted to ICU (19% vs 0; p = 0.009), mechanically ventilated (31% vs 0; p = 0.001), had DM (20% vs 2.3%; p = 0.032), older (62 vs 47 years; p = 0.045), had high total bilirubin (43% vs 2.3%; p = 0.007) and those with high C-reactive protein (186 vs 90 mg/dL; p = 0.009) and low corrected calcium (15% vs 0%; p = 0.047). ICU admission, those on mechanical ventilation, the elderly, those with high total bilirubin and low corrected calcium were associated with high mortality in hospitalized COVID-19 patients. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
Published: 2020
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12. Mo1550 SINGLE CELL RNASEQ ANALYSIS OF FIBROBLAST GROWTH FACTOR RECEPTOR (FGFR) EXPRESSION IN FIBROTIC LIVER PATHOLOGY.

Author: Merchant, Alam, Al-Zakwani, Mohammed, Segarra, Daniel T., and Zaman, Saif
Published: 2024
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13. Su1176 INTRATUMORAL CHLAMYDIA RNA ABUNDANCE IN PANCREATIC ADENOCARCINOMA IS ASSOCIATED WITH IMPROVED SURVIVAL OUTCOMES AND INCREASED INTRATUMORAL MONOCYTE AND NATURAL KILLER CELLS.

Author: Al-Zakwani, Mohammed, Merchant, Alam, Segarra, Daniel T., and Zaman, Saif
Published: 2024
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14. The Role of Convalescent Plasma and Tocilizumab in the Management of COVID-19 Infection: A Cohort of 110 Patients from a Tertiary Care Hospital in Oman

Author: Khamis, Faryal, Memish, Ziad, Al Bahrani, Maher, Al Nummani, Hamed, Al Raisi, Dana, Al Dowaiki, Samata, Chhetri, Shabnam, Al Fahdi, Fatma, Al Yahyai, Maha, Pandak, Nenad, Al Bolushi, Zakariya, Alarimi, Zainab, Al Hashmi, Sabria, Al Salmi, Issa, and Al-Zakwani, Ibrahim
Abstract: Aim: As Coronavirus Disease-2019 (COVID-19) pandemic continues to evolve, the search for safe and effective therapeutic interventions remain essential. Methods: We conducted a retrospective cohort study on patients hospitalized with laboratory confirmed severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 infection, comparing standard of care along with Convalescent Plasma with or without Tocilizumab (CP vs. CPT). Results: A total of 110 patients were enrolled with an overall mean age of 50 ± 16 years. Patients on CPT were more likely to have had acute respiratory distress syndrome (77% vs. 42%; p< 0.001), sepsis (9.7% vs. 0; p= 0.036), chest X-ray abnormalities (71% vs. 44%; p= 0.004), intensive care unit admission (84% vs. 56%; p= 0.001) as well as being on mechanical ventilation (79% vs. 48%; p= 0.001). After CPT treatment, all measured inflammatory markers, except interleukine-6, showed an overall steady decline over time (all p-values <0.05) and the ventilatory parameters showed significant improvement of PaO2/FiO2ratio from 127 to 188 within 7 days (p< 0.001). Additionally, 52% (32/62) of the patients had favorable outcome, either as improvement of ventilatory parameters or extubation within 14 days of hospitalization. However, mortality rate in those on CPT was higher than those who received CP alone (24% vs. 8.3%; p= 0.041). Conclusion: In patients with severe COVID-19 infection, using tocilizumab with convalescent plasma is associated with improvement in inflammatory and ventilatory parameters but no effect on mortality. These findings require validation from randomized clinical trials.
Published: 2021
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15. Evaluation of antibiotic prescribing for adult inpatients at Sultan Qaboos University Hospital, Sultanate of Oman.

Author: Al-Maliky, Ghada Redha, Al-Ward, Mustafa Manhal, Taqi, Aqila, Balkhair, Abdullah, and Al-Zakwani, Ibrahim
Published: 2018
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16. The Gulf Familial Hypercholesterolemia Registry (Gulf FH): Design, Rationale and Preliminary Results

Author: Al-Rasadi, Khalid, Alhabib, Khalid F., Al-Allaf, Faisal, Al-Waili, Khalid, Al-Zakwani, Ibrahim, AlSarraf, Ahmad, Almahmeed, Wael, AlSayed, Nasreen, Alghamdi, Mohammad, Batais, Mohammed A., Almigbal, Turky H., Alnouri, Fahad, Kinsara, Abdulhalim, Hammouda, Ashraf, Awan, Zuhier, Kary, Heba, Elamin, Omer A., Zadjali, Fahad, Al-Jarallah, Mohammed, Shehab, Abdullah, Sabbour, Hani, Amin, Haitham, and Altaradi, Hani
Abstract: Aim: To determine the prevalence, genetic characteristics, current management and outcomes of familial hypercholesterolaemia (FH) in the Gulf region. Methods: Adult (18-70 years) FH patients were recruited from 9 hospitals and centres across 5 Arabian Gulf countries. The study was divided into 4 phases and included patients from 3 different categories. In phase 1, suspected FH patients (category 1) were collected according to the lipid profile and clinical data obtained through hospital record systems. In phase 2, patients from category 2 (patients with a previous clinical diagnosis of FH) and category 1 were stratified into definitive, probable and possible FH according to the Dutch Lipid Clinic Network criteria. In phase 3, 500 patients with definitive and probable FH from categories 1 and 2 will undergo genetic testing for 4 common FH genes. In phase 4, these 500 patients with another 100 patients from category 3 (patients with previous genetic diagnosis of FH) will be followed for 1 year to evaluate clinical management and cardiovascular outcomes. The Gulf FH cohort was screened from a total of 34,366 patients attending out-patient clinics. Results: The final Gulf FH cohort consisted of 3,317 patients (mean age: 47±12 years, 54% females). The number of patients with definitive FH is 203. In this initial phase of the study, the prevalence of (probable and definite) FH is 1/232. Conclusion: The prevalence of FH in the adult population of the Arabian Gulf region is high. The Gulf FH registry, a first-of-a-kind multi-national study in the Middle East region, will help in improving underdiagnosis and undertreatment of FH in the region.
Published: 2020
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17. Impact of Angiotensin Converting Enzyme Inhibitors/Angiotensin Receptors Blockers on Mortality in Acute Heart Failure Patients with Left Ventricular Systolic Dysfunction in the Middle East: Observations from the Gulf Acute Heart Failure Registry (Gulf CARE)

Author: Al-Zakwani, Ibrahim, Sulaiman, Kadhim, Al-Lawati, Jawad A., Alsheikh-Ali, Alawi A., Panduranga, Prashanth, Al-Habib, Khalid F., Al Suwaidi, Jassim, Al-Mahmeed, Wael, Al-Faleh, Hussam, Elasfar, Abdelfatah, Al-Motarreb, Ahmed, Ridha, Mustafa, Bulbanat, Bassam, Al-Jarallah, Mohammed, Bazargani, Nooshin, Asaad, Nidal, and Amin, Haitham
Abstract: Aims: To evaluate the impact of Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme Inhibitors (ACEIs)/ Angiotensin Receptors Blockers (ARBs) on in-hospital, 3- and 12-month all-cause mortality in Acute Heart Failure (AHF) patients with left ventricular systolic dysfunction in 7 countries of the Middle East. Methods and Results: Data was analysed from 2,683 consecutive patients admitted with AHF and Left Ventricular Ejection Fraction (LVEF) (<40%) from 47 hospitals from February to November 2012. Analyses were evaluated using univariate and multivariate statistics. The overall mean age of the cohort was 58±15, 72% (n=1,937) were males, 62% (n=1,651) had coronary artery disease, 57% (n=1,539) were hypertensives and 47% (n=1,268) had diabetes. Overall cumulative mortality at inhospital, 3- and 12-month follow-up was 5.8% (n=155), 12.6% (n=338) and 20.4% (n=548), respectively. Adjusting for demographic and clinical characteristics as well as medication in a multivariate logistic regression model, ACEIs were associated with lower risk of in-hospital mortality (adjusted odds ratio (aOR), 0.48; 95% Confidence Interval (CI): 0.25 to 0.94; p=0.031). At 3-month follow-up, both ACEIs (aOR, 0.64; 95% CI: 0.43 to 0.95; p=0.025) and ARBs (aOR, 0.34; 95% CI: 0.18 to 0.62; p<0.001) were associated with lower risk of mortality. Additionally, at 12-month follow-up, those prescribed ACEIs (aOR, 0.71; 95% CI: 0.53 to 0.96; p=0.027) and ARBs (aOR, 0.47; 95% CI: 0.31 to 0.71; p<0.001) were still associated with lower risk of mortality. Conclusion: ACEIs and ARBs treatments were associated with lower mortality risk during admission and up to 12-month of follow-up in Middle East AHF patients with left ventricular systolic dysfunction.
Published: 2018
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18. Lifestyle Changes among ACS Survivors in Arabian Gulf Countries (Gulf COAST Registry)

Author: Al-Roomi, F., Khesroh, A., Al-Zakwani, I., Attur, S., Rashed, W., and Zubaid, M.
Abstract: Background: We described lifestyle changes one year after acute coronary syndrome (ACS) among patients in Arabian Gulf countries. Methodology: Data of patients admitted to 29 hospitals in 4 countries with the diagnosis of ACS were analysed from Gulf citizens with ACS events (Gulf COAST) registry. A total of 3565 ACS patients recruited in the Gulf COAST registry had a one-year follow up available. There was a significant correlation between return to work and the age of patient (p < .001). At one-year post ACS, the majority were performing their usual activities (93%), but only 39% were exercising. Smoking cessation was successful in 60% of patients and most non-quitters tried or considered quitting (18 and 21% of the total population of smokers, respectively). Sexual activity was reported from 2290 male patients at one-year follow up. The majority reported performing sexual activity (66%) with no fear of sexual intercourse (57%). Results and Conclusion: At one year after an ACS, the majority of our patients returned to their work, sexual activity and other usual activity. Clearly, improvement is needed when it comes to smoking cessation and exercise.
Published: 2018
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19. Pregnancy and Fetal Outcomes in Omani Women with Multiple Sclerosis, Single Tertiary Center Experience.

Author: Al-Asmi, Abdullah, Al-Busaidi, Abeer Mahmood Nasser, Siddiqui, Tahira Hasan, Al-Zakwani, Ibrahim, Al-Qassabi, Ahmed, Al-Abri, Haifa, and Gujjar, Arunodaya R.
Abstract: Multiple sclerosis (MS) is an autoimmune disease of the central nervous system (CNS) which affects women more than men. MS is more prevalent among the young, which has an implication for MS women during their childbearing age. The fertility rate of women with MS is reported to be lower than normal women. It is known from previous studies that pregnant MS patients have more obstetric complications compared to non-MS patients. Some studies suggested that newborns of MS mothers are more likely to be delivered with poor fetal growth. There are limited options of disease-modifying therapies (DMTs) to be used during pregnancy and only if the benefits outweigh the risks. There is a paucity of literature in this area in the region. This study aims to evaluate the fertility rate, obstetric complications, and fetal outcomes in Omani women with MS who attended the neurology clinic at Sultan Qaboos University Hospital (SQUH). This retrospective study included Omani MS patients who attended the neurology clinic at SQUH from the 1st of January 2007 till the 30th of June 2021. Demographic and clinical data were extracted from the patient electronic medical records (EPR) of the hospital information system (HIS). Obstetric data and fetal outcomes were collected from the green and pink cards, respectively. The Medical Research Ethic Committee of COMHS approved the research proposal. We collected the data of 25 Omani women with MS who had 52 pregnancies. The 52 pregnancies resulted in 34 healthy deliveries, 13 abortions, and five ongoing pregnancies at the time of data collection. The 25 women had a fertility rate of about 2.6 children per woman, below the national figures of 3.6. Fifty-nine percent of the pregnant women did not have any obstetric complications during conception. Caesarian section and gestational diabetes were more common in MS mothers compared to the national figures. The mean birth weight and birth length of the offspring of MS mothers were 2.93 kgs and 49.71 cm, respectively, below the national statistics. However, the mean head circumference was 33.88 cm, similar to the national figure. Omani MS patients have a lower fertility rate compared to the national figures. Omani MS patients have a higher incidence of obstetric complications. The weight and length of MS patients' newborns were below average. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
Published: 2023
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20. Effectiveness & Safety Profile of Fingolimod in Treating Omani Patients with Multiple Sclerosis, Single Tertiary Center Experience.

Author: Al-Asmi, Abdullah, Al-Hashmi, Ghaida Khalid Hamed, Al-Zakwani, Ibrahim, Al-Qassabi, Ahmed, Al-Abri, Haifa, and Gujjar, Arunodaya R.
Abstract: Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a devastating neurodegenerative disease with increasing incidence in Oman. Fingolimod was the first oral drug to treat relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis (RRMS). Limited evidence on its effectiveness and safety profile on the Omani population is available. The study's objective is to evaluate the effectiveness and safety of fingolimod in Omani MS patients followed in the neurology clinic at Sultan Qaboos University Hospital (SQUH) in Oman. This was a retrospective, real-world, single tertiary center experience. The study included all Omani MS patients who received or are currently taking fingolimod and following at SQUH. Study outcomes had annualized relapse rate (ARR), relapse-free rate (RFR), mean change in Expanded Disability Status Scale (EDSS) score, mean change in the number of lesions in brain and spine MRI, the proportion of patients free of confirmed disability progression by EDSS, free of MRI activity and patients who achieved NEDA-3, along with different safety measures. Sixty-five patients were included: 78.5% female; mean age at symptoms onset was 26.3 ± 8.3 years; mean disease duration was 11.9 ± 5.2 years; mean duration of fingolimod use was 3.6 ± 2.5 years. In comparison with the year preceding fingolimod initiation (considering patients who took fingolimod for > 1 year), ARR decreased by 82.19%, RFR was 90.0%, with a minimum insignificant increase in EDSS (2.21 ± 2.19 to 2.49 ± 2.63; p > 0.05). The number of Gadolinium-enhanced lesions in the brain and spine and new or enlarged T2 in the brain significantly decreased (p < 0.05). After four years of fingolimod treatment, 63.3% met NEDA-3 criteria. The most common side effects were first-dose bradycardia (23.08%), leucopenia, lymphopenia, and high liver enzymes. This study confirms the effectiveness and safety profile of fingolimod in a real-world setting in Omani MS patients followed at SQUH, Oman. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
Published: 2023
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21. Whose responsibility is medication reconciliation: Physicians, pharmacists or nurses? A survey in an academic tertiary care hospital.

Author: Al-Hashar, Amna, Al-Zakwani, Ibrahim, Eriksson, Tommy, and Al Za'abi, Mohammed
Abstract: Background: Medication errors occur frequently at transitions in care and can result in morbidity and mortality. Medication reconciliation is a recognized hospital accreditation requirement and designed to limit errors in transitions in care. Objectives: To identify beliefs, perceived roles and responsibilities of physicians, pharmacists and nurses prior to the implementation of a standardized medication reconciliation process. Methods: A survey was distributed to the three professions: pharmacists in the pharmacy and physicians and nurses in hospital in-patient units. It contained questions about the current level of medication reconciliation practices, as well as perceived roles and responsibilities of each profession when a standardized process is implemented. Value, barriers to implementing medication reconciliation and the role of information technology were also assessed. Analyses were performed using univariate statistics. Results: There was a lack of clarity of current medication reconciliation practices as well as lack of agreement between the three professions. Physicians and pharmacists considered their professions as the main providers while nurses considered physicians followed by themselves as the main providers with limited roles for pharmacists. The three professions recognize the values and benefits of medication reconciliation yet pharmacists, more than others, stated limited time to implement reconciliation is a major barrier. Obstacles such as unreliable sources of medication history, patient knowledge and lack of coordination and communication between the three professions were expressed. Conclusions: The three health care professions recognize the value of medication reconciliation and want to see it implemented in the hospital, yet there is a lack of agreement with regard to roles and responsibilities of each profession within the process. This needs to be addressed by the hospital administration to design clear procedures and defined roles for each profession within a standardized medication reconciliation process. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
Published: 2017
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22. Non–high-density lipoprotein cholesterol target achievement in patients on lipid-lowering drugs and stratified by triglyceride levels in the Arabian Gulf.

Author: Al-Hashmi, Khamis, Al-Zakwani, Ibrahim, Al Mahmeed, Wael, Arafah, Mohammed, Al-Hinai, Ali T., Shehab, Abdullah, Al Tamimi, Omer, Al Awadhi, Mahmoud, Al Herz, Shorook, Al Anazi, Faisal, Al Nemer, Khalid, Metwally, Othman, Alkhadra, Akram, Fakhry, Mohammed, Elghetany, Hossam, Medani, Abdel Razak, Yusufali, Afzal Hussein, Al Jassim, Obaid, Al Hallaq, Omar, and Baslaib, Fahad Omar Ahmed S.
Subjects: ANTILIPEMIC agents, HIGH density lipoproteins, HYPERLIPIDEMIA, PROBABILITY theory, TRIGLYCERIDES, DESCRIPTIVE statistics
Abstract: Background Atherogenic dyslipidemia is highly prevalent in the Arabian Gulf. Non–high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (non-HDL-C) reduction has been proposed as an additional goal to low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) lowering to prevent atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (ASCVD). Data on non–HDL-C goal attainment in patients with high triglycerides (TGs) on lipid-lowering drugs (LLDs) in the region is scarce. Objective Evaluate non–HDL-C target attainment according to the National Lipid Association in patients on LLDs stratified by TG (<150 [1.69], 150–200 [1.69–2.26], >200 [2.26] mg/dL [mmol/L]) levels in the Arabian Gulf. Methods Overall, 4383 patients on LLD treatment from 6 Middle Eastern countries participating in the Centralized Pan-Middle East Survey on the Undertreatment of Hypercholesterolemia study were evaluated. Patients were classified according to TG levels and ASCVD risk. Results The overall non–HDL-C goal attainment was 41% of the subjects. Non–HDL-C goal was less likely attained in patients with high TGs (12% vs 27% vs 55%; P < .001). Very high ASCVD risk patients with high TGs attained less their non–HDL-C targets compared with those with lower TG levels (8% vs 23% vs 51%; P < .001). Similarly, high ASCVD risk patients with high TGs also failed more in attaining non–HDL-C targets compared with those with lower TGs (26% vs 42% vs 69%; P < .001). In addition, those with high TG also succeeded less in attaining LDL-C and apolipoprotein B goals ( P < .001). Conclusions A large proportion of very high and high ASCVD patients on LLDs in the Arabian Gulf are not at recommended non–HDL-C targets and hence remain at a substantial residual risk. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
Published: 2016
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23. Evaluation of antibiotic prescribing for adult inpatients at Sultan Qaboos University Hospital, Sultanate of Oman

Author: Al-Maliky, Ghada Redha, Al-Ward, Mustafa Manhal, Taqi, Aqila, Balkhair, Abdullah, and Al-Zakwani, Ibrahim
Abstract: ObjectiveLittle is known into the prudent use of antibiotics in hospitals in Oman. This study is to evaluate antibiotic prescribing by measuring the overall compliance with the local antibiotic prescribing guidelines.MethodsAn observational study involving 366 patients’ admission episodes as determined by power analysis on patients (≥18 years) on oral and/or parenteral antibiotic during admission, in the period of 10 weeks (1 February–15 April, 2014). The adapted audit tool of the Barking, Havering and Redbridge University Hospitals NHS Trust was used for this study. Analyses were performed using descriptive statistics. Main outcome measures: antibiotic prescribing compliance with the local guidelines as well as the overall restricted antibiotic policy adherence at Sultan Qaboos University Hospital (SQUH).ResultsThe number of prescribed and audited antibiotics totalled 825, compliance with local guidelines was suboptimal at 63% (n=520), and of 211 restricted antibiotics prescribed, the overall adherence to restricted antibiotic policy was inadequate at 46% (n=98). The majority of the antibiotics prescribed were broad spectrum at 90% (n=739), mainly penicillins at 31% (n=256) and cephalosporins at 17% (n=139).ConclusionThe study has provided valuable baseline details of antibiotic prescribing patterns in SQUH. The diagnosis was documented in 89% (n=327) of the admission episodes. However, the compliance with SQUH antibiotic prescribing guidelines was suboptimal, and the overall compliance with SQUH restricted antibiotic guidelines was in 46% of the prescriptions. Further studies are required to address the reasons behind the non-compliance with local guidelines.
Published: 2018
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24. Effectiveness & Safety Profile of Fingolimod in Treating Omani Patients with Multiple Sclerosis, Single Tertiary Center Experience

Author: Al-Asmi, Abdullah, Al-Hashmi, Ghaida Khalid Hamed, Al-Zakwani, Ibrahim, Al-Qassabi, Ahmed, Al-Abri, Haifa, and Gujjar, Arunodaya R.
Abstract: Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a devastating neurodegenerative disease with increasing incidence in Oman. Fingolimod was the first oral drug to treat relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis (RRMS). Limited evidence on its effectiveness and safety profile on the Omani population is available.
Published: 2023
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25. Pregnancy and Fetal Outcomes in Omani Women with Multiple Sclerosis, Single Tertiary Center Experience

Author: Al-Asmi, Abdullah, Al-Busaidi, Abeer Mahmood Nasser, Siddiqui, Tahira Hasan, Al-Zakwani, Ibrahim, Al-Qassabi, Ahmed, Al-Abri, Haifa, and Gujjar, Arunodaya R.
Abstract: Multiple sclerosis (MS) is an autoimmune disease of the central nervous system (CNS) which affects women more than men. MS is more prevalent among the young, which has an implication for MS women during their childbearing age. The fertility rate of women with MS is reported to be lower than normal women. It is known from previous studies that pregnant MS patients have more obstetric complications compared to non-MS patients. Some studies suggested that newborns of MS mothers are more likely to be delivered with poor fetal growth. There are limited options of disease-modifying therapies (DMTs) to be used during pregnancy and only if the benefits outweigh the risks. There is a paucity of literature in this area in the region.
Published: 2023
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26. Efficacy and Safety Assessment of Hypertension Management with Coveram (Perindopril/Amlodipine Fixed Combination) in Patients with Previous Angiotensin Receptor Blocker (ARB) Treatment: Arabian Gulf STRONG Study

Author: Ahmed, Mustafa, Alanbaei, Muath, El Tamimi, Hassan, Al-Wahshi, Yahya, and Al-Zakwani, Ibrahim
Abstract: Objective: We evaluated the safety and efficacy of hypertension management with Coveram (perindopril/amlodipine combination) in patients with uncontrolled blood pressure (BP). All patients were on previous angiotensin receptor blocker (ARB) treatment. Methods: This was a 3 country, multi-centre (7 cities), open-label, observational study in the Arabian Gulf. Patients (≥18 years) were recruited between October 2012 and November 2013 and followed-up for 3 months after enrolment. Outcomes included changes in BP from baseline and BP goal attainment rates as per Joint National Committee- 8 (<140/90 mmHg for diabetics and those <60 years of age and <150/90 mmHg for those ≥60 years of age without diabetes). Medication tolerance was also assessed from both patient and physician perspectives. Results: Hypertensive patients (n=760; mean age: 51±10 years; 67% were males) were included. A total of 178 patients (23%) were lost to follow-up. The perindopril/amlodipine combination was associated with an overall reduction in systolic BP (SBP) (31 mmHg; p<0.001) and diastolic BP (DBP) (18 mmHg; p<0.001) from baseline. An overall BP control rate was achieved in 87% (n=507) of the participants. There were significant incremental BP reductions with dose up-titration, especially SBP (p<0.001). Those with high SBP (>180 mmHg) at baseline were associated with a mean reduction of 59 mmHg (p<0.001). The perindopril/amlodipine combination had excellent tolerance levels over the study period from both patient and physician perspectives (at 99% and 98%, respectively; p<0.001). Conclusions: The perindopril/amlodipine combination is an effective and well tolerated anti-hypertensive option in patients on previous ARB treatment.
Published: 2016

27. Coronary artery disease prevalence and outcome in patients hospitalized with acute heart failure: an observational report from seven Middle Eastern countries

Author: Salam, Amar M, Sulaiman, Kadhim, Al-Zakwani, Ibrahim, Alsheikh-Ali, Alawi, Aljaraallah, Mohammed, Al Faleh, Husam, Elasfar, Abdelfatah, Panduranga, Prasanth, Singh, Rajvir, Abi Khalil, Charbel, and Al Suwaidi, Jassim
Abstract: ABSTRACTObjectives:The purpose of this study was to report prevalence, clinical characteristics, precipitating factors, management and outcome of patients with coronary artery disease (CAD) among patients hospitalized with heart failure (HF) in seven Middle Eastern countries and compare them to non-CAD patients.Methods:Data were derived from Gulf CARE (Gulf aCute heArt failuRe rEgistry), a prospective multicenter study of 5005 consecutive patients hospitalized with acute HF during February-November 2012 in 7 Middle Eastern countries.Results:The prevalence of CAD among Acute Heart Failure (AHF) patients was 60.2% and varied significantly among the 7 countries (Qatar 65.7%, UAE 66.6%, Kuwait 68.0%, Oman 65.9%, Saudi Arabia 62.5%, Bahrain 52.7% and Yemen 49.1%) with lower values in the lower income countries. CAD patients were older and more likely to have diabetes, hypertension, dyslipidemia and chronic kidney disease. Moreover, CAD patients were more likely to have history of cerebrovascular and peripheral vascular disease when compared to non-CAD patients. In-hospital mortality rates were comparable although CAD patients had more frequent re-hospitalization and worse long-term outcome. However, CAD was not an independent predictor of poor outcome.Conclusion:The prevalence of CAD amongst patients with HF in the Middle East is variable and may be related to healthcare sources. Regional and national studies are needed for assessing further the impact of various etiologies of HF and for developing appropriate strategies to combat this global concern.
Published: 2016
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28. Impact of Ivabradine on Health-Related Quality of Life of Patients with Ischaemic Chronic Heart Failure

Author: Sallam, Mansour, Al-Saadi, Tariq, Alshekaili, Latifa, and Al-Zakwani, Ibrahim
Abstract: Objective: Chronic heart failure (CHF) remains a major health problem, with high levels of morbidity and mortality and a low health-related quality of life (HRQoL). We assessed the impact on HRQoL of adding the If channel blocker, ivabradine, to a standard treatment regimen of patients with ischaemic CHF (I-CHF) and heart rate (HR) ≥70 beats/min (bpm). &Methods: A randomized prospective study of 100 consecutive patients presenting with stable I-CHF, left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) <40% and a sinus HR ≥70 bpm. New York Heart Association (NYHA) class, overall summary score (OSS) and clinical summary score (CSS) of the Kansas City Cardiomyopathy Questionnaire (KCCQ) were used to assess HRQoL. The patients were randomized into 2 groups: carvedilol only (group I (n=50)) and carvedilol + ivabradine (group II (n=50)). The patients were followed up for 12 weeks and their HRQoL scores were monitored and compared. &Results: The overall mean age of the cohort was 63±10 years with 70% (n=70) males. HRQoL scores had significantly improved in group II after 12 weeks of follow-up. The net proportion of patients with a 5-point improvement in CSS was 30% higher in group II (p=0.002), whereas that for the OSS, it was 24% (p=0.001), when compared with group I. These improvements were accompanied by a significant HR reduction (69 vs 78 bpm; p=0.002). &Conclusion: Adding ivabradine to the standard drug regimen, currently advocated by guidelines for CHF with a heart rate ≥70 bpm, resulted in a significant improvement in HRQoL. &
Published: 2016

29. Venous Thromboembolism Risk and Adequacy of Prophylaxis in High Risk Pregnancy in the Arabian Gulf

Author: Alsayegh, Faisal, Al-Jassar, Waleed, Wani, Salima, Tahlak, Muna, Albahar, Awatef, Al Kharusi, Lamya, Al-Tamimi, Halima, El-Taher, Faten, Mahmood, Naeema, and Al-Zakwani, Ibrahim
Abstract: Objectives: To estimate the prevalence of venous thromboembolism (VTE) risk factors in pregnancy and the proportion of pregnancies at risk of VTE that received the recommended prophylaxis according to the American College of Chest Physicians (ACCP) 2012 published guidelines in antenatal clinics in the Arabian Gulf. Methods: The evaluation of venous thromboembolism (EVE)-Risk project was a non-interventional, cross-sectional, multi-centre, multi-national study of all eligible pregnant women (≥17 years) screened during antenatal clinics from 7 centres in the Arabian Gulf countries (United Arab Emirates, Kuwait, Bahrain, Qatar and Oman). Pregnant women were recruited during a 3-month period between September and December 2012. Results: Of 4,131 screened pregnant women, 32% (n=1,337) had ≥1 risk factors for VTE. Common VTE risk factors included obesity (76%), multiparity (33%), recurrent miscarriages (9.1%), varicose veins (6.9%), thrombophilia (2.6%), immobilization (2.0%), sickle cell disease (2.8%) and previous VTE (1.6%). Only 8.3% (n=111) of the high risk patients were on the recommended VTE prophylaxis. Enoxaparin was used in 80% (n=89) of the cases followed by tinzaparin (4%; n=4). Antiplatelet agents were prescribed in 11% (n=149) of pregnant women. Of those on anticoagulants (n=111), 59% (n=66) were also co-prescribed antiplatelet agents. Side effects (mainly local bruising at the injection site) were reported in 12% (n=13) of the cases. Conclusion: A large proportion of pregnant women in the Arabian Gulf countries have ≥1 VTE risk factor with even a smaller fraction on prophylaxis. VTE risk assessment must be adopted to identify those at risk who would need VTE prophylaxis.
Published: 2016

30. Control of Risk Factors for Cardiovascular Disease among Multinational Patient Population in the Arabian Gulf

Author: Al-Zakwani, Ibrahim, Al Mahmeed, Wael, Arafah, Mohamed, T. Al-Hinai, Ali, Shehab, Abdullah, Al Tamimi, Omer, Al Awadhi, Mahmoud, Al Herz, Shorook, Al Anazi, Faisal, Al Nemer, Khalid, Metwally, Othman, Alkhadra, Akram, Fakhry, Mohammed, Elghetany, Hossam, Razak Medani, Abdel, Hussein Yusufali, Afzal, Al Jassim, Obaid, Al Hallaq, Omar, Omar Ahmed S. Baslaib, Fahad, Amin, Haitham, D Santos, Raul, Al-Waili, Khalid, Al-Hashmi, Khamis, and Al-Rasadi, Khalid
Abstract: We evaluated the control of cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk factors among patients with atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (ASCVD) in the Centralized Pan-Middle East Survey on the undertreatment of hypercholesterolaemia (CEPHEUS) in the Arabian Gulf. Of the 4398 enrolled patients, overall mean age was 57 ± 11 years, 60% were males, 13% were smokers, 76% had diabetes, 71% had metabolic syndrome and 78% had very high ASCVD risk status. The proportion of subjects with body mass index <25 kg/m2, HbA1c <7% (in diabetics), low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) <2.6 mmol/L (100 mg/dL) and <1.8 mmol/L (70 mg/dL) for high and very high ASCVD risk cohorts, respectively and controlled blood pressure (<140/90 mmHg) was 14, 26, 31% and 60%, respectively. Only 1.4% of the participants had all of their CVD risk factors controlled with significant differences among the countries (P < .001). CVD risk goal attainment rates were significantly lower in those with very high ASCVD risk compared with those with high ASCVD risk status (P < .001). Females were also, generally, less likely to attain goals when compared with males (P < .001).
Published: 2016

31. Comparison of Indian subcontinent and Middle East acute heart failure patients: Results from the Gulf Acute Heart Failure Registry

Author: Panduranga, Prashanth, Al-Zakwani, Ibrahim, Sulaiman, Kadhim, Al-Habib, Khalid, Alsheikh-Ali, Alawi, Al-Suwaidi, Jassim, Al-Mahmeed, Wael, Al-Faleh, Hussam, Elasfar, Abdelfatah, Ridha, Mustafa, Bulbanat, Bassam, Al-Jarallah, Mohammed, Asaad, Nidal, Bazargani, Nooshin, Al-Motarreb, Ahmed, and Amin, Haitham
Abstract: To compare Middle East Arabs and Indian subcontinent acute heart failure (AHF) patients.
Published: 2016
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32. Glycemic control among patients with type 2 diabetes at a primary health care center in Oman.

Author: Al Balushi, Khalid A., Al-Haddabi, Mahmod, Al-Zakwani, Ibrahim, and Al Za'abi, Mohammed
Abstract: Aims To determine the status of blood sugar control by using fasting blood sugar (FBS) of ≤6.1 mmol/l and glycosyted hemoglobin A1c (HbAc1) of <7% as indictors of glycemic control and to assess the influence of demographic, blood pressure (BP) and lipid characteristics on glycemic control. Methods This retrospective study included all Omani patients with type 2 diabetes (N = 177) attended a primary health care center in Al-Dakhiliya region, Oman. Results The overall mean age of the cohort was 53 ± 12 years (range: 24-91) with females representing 60% (n = 106) of the study sample. The study found that only 9.6% (n = 17) and 35% (n = 62) of the patients attained optimal FBS and HbAc1 levels, respectively. Higher HbA1c was significantly associated with higher diastolic BP (84 versus 80 mm Hg; p = 0.006), higher total cholesterol (5.2 versus 4.7 mmol/l; p = 0.002) and higher low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (3.8 versus 3.0 mmol/l; p = 0.034). Conclusions The results demonstrated poor glycemic control in Oman type 2 diabetic patients comparable to local and global studies especially in those hypertensive and dyslipidemic patients. Implementation of early and aggressive management of diabetes mellitus at the primary care setting is warranted. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
Published: 2014
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33. Atomized Intranasal Ketorolac versus Intravenous Ketorolac for the Treatment of Severe Renal Colic in the Emergency Department:A Double-Blind, Randomized Controlled Trial

Author: Al-Khalasi, Usama Said Shannan, Al-Alalawi, Awatif Khamis Said, Al-Jufaili, Mahmood, Al-Reesi, Abdullah, Al-Zakwani, Ibrahim, Al-Asmi, Muzan Said Rashid, Al-Riyami, Fatma Bader, and Vishwakarma, Ramesh
Abstract: Atomized intranasal (IN) drug administration offers an alternative to the intravenous (IV) route. We aimed to evaluate the analgesic efficacy of IN versus IV ketorolac in emergency department patients with acute renal colic.
Published: 2023
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34. Gulf Survey of Atrial Fibrillation Events (Gulf SAFE): design and baseline characteristics of patients with atrial fibrillation in the Arab Middle East.

Author: Zubaid M, Rashed WA, Alsheikh-Ali AA, Almahmeed W, Shehab A, Sulaiman K, Al-Zakwani I, Alqudaimi A, Asaad N, Amin H, and Gulf Survey of Atrial Fibrillation Events (Gulf SAFE) Investigators
Published: 2011

35. Gulf Survey of Atrial Fibrillation Events (Gulf SAFE).

Author: Zubaid, Mohammad, Rashed, Wafa A., Alsheikh-Ali, Alawi A., AlMahmeed, Wael, Shehab, Abdullah, Sulaiman, Kadhim, Al-Zakwani, Ibrahim, AlQudaimi, Ahmed, Asaad, Nidal, and Amin, Haitham
Subjects: SURVEYS, ATRIAL fibrillation, ARRHYTHMIA, PATIENTS, DISEASES
Abstract: The article highlights the condition of patients with atrial fibrillation in the Middle East. In the Gulf Survey of Atrial Fibrillation Events (Gulf SAFE) by the Gulf Heart Association, registry of patients with atrial fibrillation was observed including a 12-month follow-up and it covered 23 hospitals in the Gulf countries of the region. Gulf SAFE is expected to be concluded by July 2011 and it is expected to contribute on how atrial fibrillation should be managed in the Middle East.
Published: 2011
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36. Gender-related differences in the presentation, management, and outcomes among patients with acute coronary syndrome from Oman.

Author: Sulaiman, Kadhim, Panduranga, Prashanth, and Al-Zakwani, Ibrahim
Subjects: SEX differences (Biology), HEALTH outcome assessment, ACUTE coronary syndrome, CARDIAC catheterization, AGE groups, DATA analysis, PATIENTS
Abstract: Abstract: Objective: To assess gender-related differences in the presentation, management, and in-hospital outcomes among acute coronary syndrome (ACS) patients from Oman. Methods: Data were analyzed from 1579 consecutive ACS patients from Oman during May 8, 2006 to June 6, 2006 and January 29, 2007 to June 29, 2007, as part of Gulf RACE (Registry of Acute Coronary Events). Analyses were conducted using univariate and multivariate statistical techniques. Results: In this study, 608 (39%) patients were women with mean age 62±12 vs. 57±13years (p <0.001). More women were seen in the older age groups (age <55years: 25% vs. 43%, 55–74years: 60% vs. 49% and >75years: 15% vs. 8%; p <0.001). Women had higher frequencies of diabetes, hypertension, hyperlipidemia, obesity, angina, and aspirin use, but less history of smoking. Women were significantly less likely to have ischemic chest pain, ST-elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI), non-STEMI and were more likely to have dyspnea, unstable angina, ST depression and left bundle branch block. Both groups received ACS medications and cardiac catheterization equally; however, women received anticoagulants (88% vs. 79%; p <0.001), angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors (ACEIs) or angiotensin II receptor blockers (ARBs) (70% vs. 65%; p =0.050) more and clopidogrel less (20% vs. 29%; p <0.001). Women experienced more recurrent ischemia and heart failure but with similar in-hospital mortality (4.6% vs. 4.3%) even after adjusting for age (p =0.500). Conclusions: Women admitted with ACS were older than men, had more risk factors, presented differently with no difference in hospital mortality. This is similar to Gulf RACE study except for mortality. Women received anticoagulants/ACEIs /ARBs more but were under-treated with clopidogrel. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
Published: 2011
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37. 18 Atomized Intranasal Ketorolac Versus Intravenous Ketorolac for Treatment of Severe Renal Colic in the Emergency Department: A Double-blind, Non-inferiority, Randomized Controlled Trial

Author: Al-Khalasi, U., Al-Alalawi, A., Al-Jufaili, M., Al Reesi, A., and AL-Zakwani, I.
Published: 2022
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38. Neutrophil to lymphocyte ratio and in-hospital mortality among patients with SARS-CoV-2: A retrospective study

Author: Al-Mazedi, Maryam Salah, Rajan, Rajesh, Al-Jarallah, Mohammed, Dashti, Raja, Al Saber, Ahmad, Pan, Jiazhu, Zhanna, Kobalava D., Abdelnaby, Hassan, Aboelhassan, Wael, Almutairi, Farah, Alotaibi, Naser, Al Saleh, Mohammad, AlNasrallah, Noor, Al-Bader, Bader, Malhas, Haya, Ramadhan, Maryam, Brady, Peter A., Al-Zakwani, Ibrahim, Setiya, Parul, Abdullah, Mohammed, Alroomi, Moudhi, and Tse, Gary
Abstract: The goal of this study was to investigate in-hospital mortality in patients suffering from acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) relative to the neutrophil to lymphocyte ratio (NLR) and to determine if there are gender disparities in outcome. Between February 26 and September 8, 2020, patients having SARS-CoV-2 infection were enrolled in this retrospective cohort research, which was categorized by NLR levels ≥9 and < 9. In total, 6893 patients were involved included of whom6591 had NLR <9, and 302 had NLR ≥9. The age of most of the patients in the NLR<9 group was 50 years, on the other hand, the age of most of the NLR ≥9 group patients was between 50 and 70 years. The majority of patients in both groups were male 2211 (66.1%). The ICU admission time and mortality rate for the patients with NLR ≥9 was significantly higher compared to patients with NLR <9. Logistic regression's outcome indicated that NLR ≥9 (odds ratio (OR), 24.9; 95% confidence interval (CI): 15.5–40.0; p < 0.001), male sex (OR, 3.5; 95% CI: 2.0–5.9; p < 0.001) and haemoglobin (HB) (OR, 0.95; 95% CI; 0.94–0.96; p < 0.001) predicted in-hospital mortality significantly. Additionally, Cox proportional hazards analysis (B = 4.04, SE = 0.18, HR = 56.89, p < 0.001) and Kaplan–Meier survival probability plots also indicated that NLR>9 had a significant effect on mortality. NLR ≥9 is an independent predictor of mortality(in-hospital) among SARS-CoV-2 patients.
Published: 2022
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39. Validation of R-hf risk score for risk stratification in ischemic heart failure patients: A prospective cohort study

Author: Rajan, Rajesh, Soman, Suman Omana, Al Jarallah, Mohammed, Kobalava, Zhanna, Dashti, Raja, Al Zakwani, Ibrahim, Al Balool, Joud, Tse, Gary, Setiya, Parul, Brady, Peter A., Al-Saber, Ahmad, and Vijayaraghavan, Govindan
Abstract: The aim of this study was to validate R-heart failure (R-hf) risk score in ischemic heart failure patients.
Published: 2022
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40. Outcomes of guideline-based medical therapy in patients with acute heart failure and reduced left ventricular ejection fraction

Author: Jan, Reem K., Alsheikh-Ali, Alawi, Mulla, Arif Al, Sulaiman, Kadhim, Panduranga, Prashanth, Al-Mahmeed, Wael, Bazargani, Nooshin, Al-Suwaidi, Jassim, Al-Jarallah, Mohammed, Al-Motarreb, Ahmed, Salam, Amar, and Al-Zakwani, Ibrahim
Published: 2022
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41. Gulf Survey of Atrial Fibrillation Events (Gulf SAFE)

Author: Zubaid, Mohammad, Rashed, Wafa A., Alsheikh-Ali, Alawi A., AlMahmeed, Wael, Shehab, Abdullah, Sulaiman, Kadhim, Al-Zakwani, Ibrahim, AlQudaimi, Ahmed, Asaad, Nidal, and Amin, Haitham
Abstract: Atrial fibrillation (AF) is the most common serious cardiac arrhythmia, and its prevalence is expected to increase. There is lack of data about patient characteristics, practice patterns, and outcomes of AF in the Arab Middle East.
Published: 2011
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42. Differences in hypoglycemia event rates and associated cost-consequence in patients initiated on long-acting and intermediate-acting insulin products*

Author: Bullano, Michael F., Al-Zakwani, Ibrahim S., Fisher, Maxine D., Menditto, Laura, and Willey, Vincent J.
Abstract: ABSTRACTObjective:To compare hypoglycemia event rates in patients initiated on long-acting insulin analog (glargine) or intermediate-acting insulin (NPH) and to analyze the associated cost-consequence from a managed care perspective.Study design:A retrospective analysis of pharmacy and medical claims and electronic laboratory result data using a southeastern United States managed care health plan.Methods:Patients newly initiated on glargine or NPH between July 1, 2000 and August 31, 2002 were included. Hypoglycemia events were identified from medical claims by their ICD-9-CM codes. Multivariable techniques were used to compare hypoglycemia event rates between cohorts.Results:A total of 1434 patients were eligible (glargine 310, NPH 1124). The mean age was 53 years ± 17 years and 51 of patients were male. The mean treatment duration was 8.6 months ± 4.5 months. Multivariate analyses showed that patients in the NPH group had a higher hypoglycemia event rate than the glargine group (18.3 versus 7.3 per 100 patients per year; p 0.009). The number needed to treat (glargine versus NPH) to avoid one hypoglycemia event per patient per year was nine patients at an A1C of 7. The mean annual index medication cost was 47 more for glargine (390) than for NPH (343) per patient per year ( p 0.042). The mean cost per hypoglycemia event was 1087 (95 CI: 764–1409).Conclusions:Patients treated with glargine had significantly lower hypoglycemia event rates compared to the NPH group. The risk difference indicated that one hypoglycemia event would be avoided for every nine patients treated with glargine instead of NPH. The cost increase associated with treating nine patients with glargine rather than NPH is less than the cost of treating one hypoglycemia event. In this population, the savings associated with reduced hypoglycemic events more than offset the increased acquisition cost associated with glargine.
Published: 2005
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43. Analysis of healthcare utilization patterns and adherence in patients receiving typical and atypical antipsychotic medications

Author: Al-Zakwani, Ibrahim S., Barron, John J., Bullano, Michael F., Arcona, Steve, Drury, Christopher J., and Cockerham, Tara R.
Abstract: SUMMARYObjective: To examine the effects of typical and atypical antipsychotics on medication adherence and healthcare resource utilization.Research design and methods: This was a retrospective observational cohort analysis of pharmacy and medical health insurance reimbursement data of patients from a southeastern United States health plan. Pharmacy data of subjects between 6 and 65 years of age were identified. Inclusion criteria included initiation of a single antipsychotic agent between July 1, 1999 and September 30, 2000; no antipsychotic medication usage 6 months prior to the index prescription date; and continuous health plan enrollment for the 18-month study period. Multivariable methods were utilized to analyze healthcare resource utilizations between groups.Outcome measures: Primary outcome measures included: (1) adherence and persistence with antipsychotic therapy; (2) healthcare utilization for outpatient office and hospital visits, inpatient hospital visits, and emergency room visits; and (3) therapy modifications and concomitant medications.Results: A total of 469 patients met initial study criteria. Atypical and typical antipsychotics were prescribed to 384 and 85 patients, respectively. Length of therapy (days) for the atypical cohort was significantly longer (136 vs 80; p < 0.001). As defined using medication possession ratio (MPR), the atypical cohort was significantly more adherent to therapy than the typical cohort (mean MPR, 0.53 vs 0.24; p < 0.001). After adjusting for differences in demographics, baseline utilization, MPR, and length of therapy (n 377), the atypical cohort experienced significantly fewer office visits (2,635 vs 4,249 per 1000 patients per month [P1000PPM]; p 0.005), fewer inpatient admissions (197 vs 511 P1000PPM; p 0.032), and fewer emergency room visits (125vs354 P1000PPM; p 0.002).Conclusions: Atypical antipsychotic users were significantly more adherent to therapy, and had lower rates of office, hospital and emergency room utilization. Within the context of inherent limitations associated with health insurance claims databases, this study suggests that a relationship exists across cohorts between medication adherence and use of healthcare resources.
Published: 2003
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44. Epidemiology of multiple sclerosis in the Sultanate of Oman: A hospital based study.

Author: Al-Senani, Marwa, Al-Salti, Abdullah, Nandhagopal, Ramachandiran, Al-Zakwani, Ibrahim, Alkhabouri, Jaber, Elyas, Mortadha Eltigani, Gujjar, Arunodaya R, and Al-Asmi, Abdullah
Abstract: The prevalence of multiple sclerosis (MS) has been changing not only globally but also in individual countries. We aim to estimate the prevalence of MS in the Omani population over the period from 2006-2019 as well as the incidence between 2015-2018. This is a retrospective observational hospital-based study. All MS patients diagnosed, as per the revised McDonald criteria, over the period from June 2006 and until May 2019, had their information reviewed for age at disease onset, gender and year of diagnosis. We obtained the population of Oman from the national census data. A total of 422 patients were diagnosed with MS during the study period and the population of Oman as per the 2019 census data was 2,652,199. The estimated crude prevalence was 15.9 (95% confidence interval: 14.4 - 17.5) per 100,000 and the female to male ratio was 2.17:1. The mean age at disease onset was 27.3 ± 7.7 (range: 9 - 59) years in which 83% of the patients had the first clinical manifestation at the age of 19 - 40 years, while only 9% had a disease onset at <19 years. The annual incidence increased from 1.00 case per 100,000 in 2015 to 1.38 cases per 100,000 in 2018. The prevalence of MS in the Omani population is 15.9 per 100,000 placing Oman as a medium risk zone. • Oman is a medium risk zone for multiple sclerosis as per Kurtzke. • Prevalence of multiple sclerosis in the Omani population is 15.9 per 100,000. • Annual incidence of multiple sclerosis in the Omani population is 1.38 cases per 100,000. • The mean age at multiple sclerosis onset in Omanis is 27.3 ± 7.7. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
Published: 2021
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45. Abstract No. 226 Comparison of needle exchange methods in percutaneous needle lung biopsy in an in vitro air embolism model.

Author: Dang, D., Al-Zakwani, M., Torlak, F., Hyman, C., Parker, M., Walker, J., and Kroma, G.
Published: 2021
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46. Vibrational Spectroscopic Investigation of Rigid-Rod Platinum σ-Acetylide Polymers Containing Variable Acetylenic Microstructures

Author: Markwell, R. D., Butler, I. S., Kakkar, A. K., Khan, M. S., Al-Zakwani, Z. H., and Lewis, J.
Abstract: A detailed study of the vibrational spectra of the rigid-rod Pt(II)−σ-acetylide polymers, [(PⁿBu3)2Pt−C&tbd1;CC&tbd1;CC&tbd1;C−]n, [(PⁿBu3)2Pt−C&tbd1;CC&tbd1;C−]n, [(PⁿBu3)2Pt−C&tbd1;CC6H4C&tbd1;C−]n, [(PⁿBu3)2Pt−C&tbd1;CC&tbd1;CC6H4C&tbd1;CC&tbd1;C−]n, and [(AsⁿBu3)2Pt−C&tbd1;CC6H4C&tbd1;C−]n is reported. The backbone chain vibrations in these highly conjugated organometallic polymers can be analyzed by relating them to their centrosymmetric monomeric structures with an approximate C2h or D2h local symmetry. The extent of π-conjugation in the backbone can be monitored from the associated changes in the vibrational frequencies, in particular, the νC&tbd1;C modes. In general, the vibrational spectra of the polymers suggest that the backbone is essentially alternating −C&tbd1;C− in nature, without any contribution from allene-type structures (&dbd;C&dbd;C&dbd;). The interruption of the acetylenic linkages with phenyl groups reduces the π-conjugation. The near-infrared FT-Raman spectra of the polymers show resonance enhancement of selected vibrations which occur along the direction of the polymer chain, presumably due to coupling with electronic transitions of the backbone. In addition, these polymers exhibit strong and substituent-sensitive fluorescence in their FT-Raman spectra.
Published: 1996

47. Epidemiology of multiple sclerosis in the Sultanate of Oman: A hospital based study

Author: Al-Senani, Marwa, Al-Salti, Abdullah, Nandhagopal, Ramachandiran, Al-Zakwani, Ibrahim, Alkhabouri, Jaber, Elyas, Mortadha Eltigani, Gujjar, Arunodaya R, and Al-Asmi, Abdullah
Abstract: The prevalence of multiple sclerosis (MS) has been changing not only globally but also in individual countries. We aim to estimate the prevalence of MS in the Omani population over the period from 2006-2019 as well as the incidence between 2015-2018.
Published: 2021
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48. Global perspective of familial hypercholesterolaemia: a cross-sectional study from the EAS Familial Hypercholesterolaemia Studies Collaboration (FHSC)

Author: Vallejo-Vaz, Antonio J., Stevens, Christophe A.T., Lyons, Alexander R.M., Dharmayat, Kanika I., Freiberger, Tomas, Hovingh, G. Kees, Mata, Pedro, Raal, Frederick J., Santos, Raul D., Soran, Handrean, Watts, Gerald F., Abifadel, Marianne, Aguilar-Salinas, Carlos A., Alhabib, Khalid F., Alkhnifsawi, Mutaz, Almahmeed, Wael, Alnouri, Fahad, Alonso, Rodrigo, Al-Rasadi, Khalid, Al-Sarraf, Ahmad, Al-Sayed, Nasreen, Araujo, Francisco, Ashavaid, Tester F., Banach, Maciej, Béliard, Sophie, Benn, Marianne, Binder, Christoph J., Bogsrud, Martin P., Bourbon, Mafalda, Chlebus, Krzysztof, Corral, Pablo, Davletov, Kairat, Descamps, Olivier S., Durst, Ronen, Ezhov, Marat, Gaita, Dan, Genest, Jacques, Groselj, Urh, Harada-Shiba, Mariko, Holven, Kirsten B., Kayikcioglu, Meral, Khovidhunkit, Weerapan, Lalic, Katarina, Latkovskis, Gustavs, Laufs, Ulrich, Liberopoulos, Evangelos, Lima-Martinez, Marcos M., Lin, Jie, Maher, Vincent, Marais, A. David, März, Winfried, Mirrakhimov, Erkin, Miserez, André R., Mitchenko, Olena, Nawawi, Hapizah, Nordestgaard, Børge G., Panayiotou, Andrie G., Paragh, György, Petrulioniene, Zaneta, Pojskic, Belma, Postadzhiyan, Arman, Raslova, Katarina, Reda, Ashraf, Reiner, Željko, Sadiq, Fouzia, Sadoh, Wilson Ehidiamen, Schunkert, Heribert, Shek, Aleksandr B., Stoll, Mario, Stroes, Erik, Su, Ta-Chen, Subramaniam, Tavintharan, Susekov, Andrey V., Tilney, Myra, Tomlinson, Brian, Truong, Thanh Huong, Tselepis, Alexandros D., Tybjærg-Hansen, Anne, Vázquez Cárdenas, Alejandra, Viigimaa, Margus, Wang, Luya, Yamashita, Shizuya, Kastelein, John J.P., Bruckert, Eric, Vohnout, Branislav, Schreier, Laura, Pang, Jing, Ebenbichler, Christoph, Dieplinger, Hans, Innerhofer, Reinhold, Winhofer-Stöckl, Yvonne, Greber-Platzer, Susanne, Krychtiuk, Konstantin, Speidl, Walter, Toplak, Hermann, Widhalm, Kurt, Stulnig, Thomas, Huber, Kurt, Höllerl, Florian, Rega-Kaun, Gersina, Kleemann, Lucas, Mäser, Martin, Scholl-Bürgi, Sabine, Säly, Christoph, Mayer, Florian J., Sablon, Gaelle, Tarantino, Eric, Nzeyimana, Charlotte, Pojskic, Lamija, Sisic, Ibrahim, Nalbantic, Azra D., Jannes, Cinthia E., Pereira, Alexandre C., Krieger, Jose E., Petrov, Ivo, Goudev, Assen, Nikolov, Fedya, Tisheva, Snejana, Yotov, Yoto, Tzvetkov, Ivajlo, Baass, Alexis, Bergeron, Jean, Bernard, Sophie, Brisson, Diane, Brunham, Liam R., Cermakova, Lubomira, Couture, Patrick, Francis, Gordon A., Gaudet, Daniel, Hegele, Robert A., Khoury, Etienne, Mancini, G.B. John, McCrindle, Brian W., Paquette, Martine, Ruel, Isabelle, Cuevas, Ada, Asenjo, Sylvia, Wang, Xumin, Meng, Kang, Song, Xiantao, Yong, Qiang, Jiang, Tao, Liu, Ziyou, Duan, Yanyu, Hong, Jing, Ye, Pucong, Chen, Yan, Qi, Jianguang, Liu, Zesen, Li, Yuntao, Zhang, Chaoyi, Peng, Jie, Yang, Ya, Yu, Wei, Wang, Qian, Yuan, Hui, Cheng, Shitong, Jiang, Long, Chong, Mei, Jiao, Jian, Wu, Yue, Wen, Wenhui, Xu, Liyuan, Zhang, Ruiying, Qu, Yichen, He, Jianxun, Fan, Xuesong, Wang, Zhenjia, Chow, Elaine, Pećin, Ivan, Perica, Dražen, Symeonides, Phivos, Vrablik, Michal, Ceska, Richard, Soska, Vladimir, Tichy, Lukas, Adamkova, Vera, Franekova, Jana, Cifkova, Renata, Kraml, Pavel, Vonaskova, Katerina, Cepova, Jana, Dusejovska, Magdalena, Pavlickova, Lenka, Blaha, Vladimir, Rosolova, Hana, Nussbaumerova, Barbora, Cibulka, Roman, Vaverkova, Helena, Cibickova, Lubica, Krejsova, Zdenka, Rehouskova, Katerina, Malina, Pavel, Budikova, Milena, Palanova, Vaclava, Solcova, Lucie, Lubasova, Alena, Podzimkova, Helena, Bujdak, Juraj, Vesely, Jiri, Jordanova, Marta, Salek, Tomas, Urbanek, Robin, Zemek, Stanislav, Lacko, Jan, Halamkova, Hana, Machacova, Sona, Mala, Sarka, Cubova, Eva, Valoskova, Katerina, Burda, Lukas, Bendary, Ahmed, Daoud, Ihab, Emil, Sameh, Elbahry, Atef, Rafla, Samir, Sanad, Osama, Kazamel, Ghada, Ashraf, Mohamed, Sobhy, Mohamed, El-Hadidy, Amro, Shafy, Mohamed A., Kamal, Saif, Bendary, Mohamed, Talviste, Grete, Angoulvant, Denis, Boccara, Franck, Cariou, Bertrand, Carreau, Valérie, Carrie, Alain, Charrieres, Sybil, Cottin, Yves, Di-Fillipo, Mathilde, Ducluzeau, Pierre H., Dulong, Sonia, Durlach, Vincent, Farnier, Michel, Ferrari, Emile, Ferrieres, Dorota, Ferrieres, Jean, Gallo, Antonio, hankard, Regis, Inamo, Jocelyne, Lemale, Julie, Moulin, Philippe, Paillard, François, Peretti, Noel, Perrin, Agnès, Pradignac, Alain, Rabes, Jean P., Rigalleau, Vincent, Sultan, Ariane, Schiele, François, Tounian, Patrick, Valero, René, Verges, Bruno, Yelnik, Cécile, Ziegler, Olivier, Haack, Ira A., Schmidt, Nina, Dressel, Alexander, Klein, Isabel, Christmann, Jutta, Sonntag, Antonia, Stumpp, Christine, Boger, Diana, Biedermann, Dana, Usme, Monica M.N., Beil, F. Ulrich, Klose, Gerald, König, Christel, Gouni-Berthold, Ioanna, Otte, Britta, Böll, Gereon, Kirschbaum, Anja, Merke, Jürgen, Scholl, Johannes, Segiet, Thomas, Gebauer, Marco, Predica, Florentina, Mayer, Manfred, Leistikow, Frank, Füllgraf-Horst, Sabine, Müller, Cornelius, Schüler, Melanie, Wiener, Judith, Hein, Konrad, Baumgartner, Peter, Kopf, Stefan, Busch, Reinhold, Schömig, Michael, Matthias, Stephan, Allendorf-Ostwald, Nicole, Fink, Bruno, Böhm, Dieter, Jäkel, Alexander, Koschker, Ann-Cathrin, Schweizer, Rüdiger, Vogt, Anja, Parhofer, Klaus, König, Wolfgang, Reinhard, Wibke, Bäßler, Andrea, Stadelmann, Alexander, Schrader, Volker, Katzmann, Julius, Tarr, Adrienne, Steinhagen-Thiessen, Elisabeth, Kassner, Ursula, Paulsen, Gerret, Homberger, Jürgen, Zemmrich, Claudia, Seeger, Wolfgang, Biolik, Kathrin, Deiss, Dorothee, Richter, Corinna, Pantchechnikova, Elina, Dorn, Elena, Schatz, Ulrike, Julius, Ulrich, Spens, Antje, Wiesner, Tobias, Scholl, Michael, Rizos, Christos V., Sakkas, Nikolaos, Elisaf, Moses, Skoumas, Ioannis, Tziomalos, Konstantinos, Rallidis, Loukianos, Kotsis, Vasileios, Doumas, Michalis, Athyros, Vasileios, Skalidis, Emmanouil, Kolovou, Genovefa, Garoufi, Anastasia, Bilianou, Eleni, Koutagiar, Iosif, Agapakis, Dimitrios, Kiouri, Estela, Antza, Christina, Katsiki, Niki, Zacharis, Evangelos, Attilakos, Achilleas, Sfikas, George, Koumaras, Charalambos, Anagnostis, Panagiotis, Anastasiou, Georgia, Liamis, George, Koutsogianni, Amalia-Despoina, Karányi, Zsolt, Harangi, Mariann, Bajnok, László, Audikovszky, Mária, Márk, László, Benczúr, Béla, Reiber, István, Nagy, Gergely, Nagy, András, Reddy, Lakshmi L., Shah, Swarup A.V., Ponde, Chandrashekhar K., Dalal, Jamshed J., Sawhney, Jitendra P.S., Verma, Ishwar C., Altaey, Mays, Al-Jumaily, Khalid, Rasul, Dilshad, Abdalsahib, Ali F., Jabbar, Amer A., Al-ageedi, Mohanad, Agar, Ruth, Cohen, Hofit, Ellis, Avishay, Gavishv, Dov, Harats, Dror, Henkin, Yaacov, Knobler, Hila, Leavit, Leah, Leitersdorf, Eran, Rubinstein, Ardon, Schurr, Daniel, Shpitzen, Shoshi, Szalat, Auryan, Casula, Manuela, Zampoleri, Veronica, Gazzotti, Marta, Olmastroni, Elena, Sarzani, Riccardo, Ferri, Claudio, Repetti, Elena, Sabbà, Carlo, Bossi, Antonio Carlo, Borghi, Claudio, Muntoni, Sandro, Cipollone, Francesco, Purrello, Francesco, Pujia, Arturo, Passaro, Angelina, Marcucci, Rossella, Pecchioli, Valerio, Pisciotta, Livia, Mandraffino, Giuseppe, Pellegatta, Fabio, Mombelli, Giuliana, Branchi, Adriana, Fiorenza, Anna Maria, Pederiva, Cristina, Werba, Josè Pablo, Parati, Gianfranco, Carubbi, Francesca, Iughetti, Lorenzo, Iannuzzi, Arcangelo, Iannuzzo, Gabriella, Calabrò, Paolo, Averna, Maurizio, Biasucci, Giacomo, Zambon, Sabina, Roscini, Anna Rita, Trenti, Chiara, Arca, Marcello, Federici, Massimo, Del Ben, Maria, Bartuli, Andrea, Giaccari, Andrea, Pipolo, Antonio, Citroni, Nadia, Guardamagna, Ornella, Bonomo, Katia, Benso, Andrea, Biolo, Gianni, Maroni, Lorenzo, Lupi, Alessandro, Bonanni, Luca, Zenti, Maria Grazia, Matsuki, Kota, Hori, Mika, Ogura, Masatsune, Masuda, Daisaku, Kobayashi, Takuya, Nagahama, Kumiko, Al-Jarallah, Mohammed, Radovic, Mirjana, Lunegova, Olga, Bektasheva, Erkayim, Khodzhiboboev, Elyor, Erglis, Andrejs, Gilis, Dainus, Nesterovics, Georgijs, Saripo, Vita, Meiere, Ruta, Upena-RozeMicena, Arta, Terauda, Elizabete, Jambart, Selim, Khoury, Petra E., Elbitar, Sandy, Ayoub, Carine, Ghaleb, Youmna, Aliosaitiene, Urte, Kutkiene, Sandra, Kasim, Noor A.M., Nor, Noor S.M., Ramli, Anis S., Razak, Suraya A., Al-Khateeb, Alyaa, Kadir, Siti H.S.A., Muid, Suhaila A., Rahman, Thuhairah A., Kasim, Sazzli S., Radzi, Ahmad B.M., Ibrahim, Khairul S., Razali, Salmi, Ismail, Zaliha, Ghani, Rohana A., Hafidz, Muhammad I.A., Chua, Ang L., Rosli, Marshima M., Annamalai, Muthukkaruppan, Teh, Lay K., Razali, Rafezah, Chua, Yung A., Rosman, Azhari, Sanusi, Abdul R., Murad, Nor A.A., Jamal, A. Rahman A., Nazli, Sukma A., Razman, Aimi Z., Rosman, Norhidayah, Rahmat, Radzi, Hamzan, Nur S., Azzopardi, C., Mehta, Roopa, Martagon, Alexandro J., Ramirez, Gabriela A.G., Villa, Neftali E.A., Vazquez, Arsenio V., Elias-Lopez, Daniel, Retana, Gustavo G., Rodriguez, Betsabel, Macías, Jose J.C., Zazueta, Alejandro R., Alvarado, Rocio M., Portano, Julieta D.M., Lopez, Humberto A., Sauque-Reyna, Leobardo, Herrera, Laura G.G., Mendia, Luis E.S., Aguilar, Humberto Garcia, Cooremans, Elizabeth R., Aparicio, Berenice P., Zubieta, Victoria M., Gonzalez, Perla A.C., Ferreira-Hermosillo, Aldo, Portilla, Nacu C., Dominguez, Guadalupe J., Garcia, Alinna Y.R., Cazares, Hector E.A., Gonzalez, Jesus R., Valencia, Carla V.M., Padilla, Francisco G., Prado, Ramon M., De los Rios Ibarra, Manuel O., Villicaña, Ruy D.A., Rivera, Karina J.A., Carrera, Ricardo A., Alvarez, Jose A., Martinez, Jose C.A., de los Reyes Barrera Bustillo, Manuel, Vargas, Gonzalo C., Chacon, Roberto C., Andrade, Mario H.F., Ortega, Ashanty F., Alcala, Hector G., de Leon, Laura E.G., Guzman, Berenice G., Garcia, Jose J.G., Cuellar, Juan C.G., Cruz, Jose R.G., Garcia, Anell Hernandez, Almada, Jesus R.H., Herrera, Ursulo J., Sobrevilla, Fabiola L., Rodriguez, Eduardo M., Sibaja, Cristina M., Rodriguez, Alma B.M., Oyervides, Jose C.M., Vazquez, Daniel I.P., Rodriguez, Eduardo A.R., Osorio, Ma L.R., Saucedo, Juan R., Tamayo, Margarita T., Talavera, Luis A.V., Arroyo, Luis E.V., Carrillo, Eloy A.Z., Isara, Alphonsus, Obaseki, Darlington E., Al-Waili, Khalid, Al-Zadjali, Fahad, Al-Zakwani, Ibrahim, Al-Kindi, Mohammed, Al-Mukhaini, Suad, Al-Barwani, Hamida, Rana, Asim, Shah, Lahore S.U., Starostecka, Ewa, Konopka, Agnieszka, Lewek, Joanna, Bartłomiejczyk, Marcin, Gąsior, Mariusz, Dyrbuś, Krzysztof, Jóźwiak, Jacek, Gruchała, Marcin, Pajkowski, Marcin, Romanowska-Kocejko, Marzena, Żarczyńska-Buchowiecka, Marta, Chmara, Magdalena, Wasąg, Bartosz, Parczewska, Aleksandra, Gilis-Malinowska, Natasza, Borowiec-Wolna, Justyna, Stróżyk, Aneta, Woś, Marlena, Michalska-Grzonkowska, Aleksandra, Medeiros, Ana M., Alves, Ana C., Silva, Francisco, Lobarinhas, Goreti, Palma, Isabel, de Moura, Jose P., Rico, Miguel T., Rato, Quitéria, Pais, Patrícia, Correia, Susana, Moldovan, Oana, Virtuoso, Maria J., Salgado, Jose M., Colaço, Ines, Dumitrescu, Andreea, Lengher, Calin, Mosteoru, Svetlana, Meshkov, Alexey, Ershova, Alexandra, Rozkova, Tatiana, Korneva, Victoria, Yu, Kuznetsova T., Zafiraki, Vitaliy, Voevoda, Mikhail, Gurevich, Victor, Duplyakov, Dmitry, Ragino, Yulia, Safarova, Maya, Shaposhnik, Igor, Alkaf, Fahmi, Khudari, Alia, Rwaili, Nawal, Al-Allaf, Faisal, Alghamdi, Mohammad, Batais, Mohammed A., Almigbal, Turky H., Kinsara, Abdulhalim, AlQudaimi, Ashraf H.A., Awan, Zuhier, Elamin, Omer A., Altaradi, Hani, Rajkovic, Natasa, Popovic, Ljiljana, Singh, Sandra, Stosic, Ljubica, Rasulic, Iva, Lalic, Nebojsa M., Lam, Carolyn, Le, Tan J., Siang, Eric L.T., Dissanayake, Sanjaya, I-Shing, Justin T., Shyong, Tai E., Jin, Terrance C.S., Balinth, Karin, Buganova, Ingrid, Fabryova, Lubomira, Kadurova, Michaela, Klabnik, Alexander, Kozárová, Miriam, Sirotiakova, Jana, Battelino, Tadej, Kovac, Jernej, Mlinaric, Matej, Sustar, Ursa, Podkrajsek, Katarina T., Fras, Zlatko, Jug, Borut, Cevc, Matija, Pilcher, Gillian J., Blom, D.J., Wolmarans, K.H., Brice, B.C., Muñiz-Grijalvo, Ovidio, Díaz-Díaz, Jose L., de Isla, Leopoldo P., Fuentes, Francisco, Badimon, Lina, Martin, François, Lux, Angela, Chang, Nien-Tzu, Ganokroj, Poranee, Akbulut, Mehmet, Alici, Gökhan, Bayram, Fahri, Can, Levent H., Celik, Ahmet, Ceyhan, Ceyhun, Coskun, Fatma Y., Demir, Mesut, Demircan, Sabri, Dogan, Volkan, Durakoglugil, Emre, Dural, Ibrahim E., Gedikli, Omer, Hacioglu, Aysa, Ildizli, Muge, Kilic, Salih, Kirilmaz, Bahadir, Kutlu, Merih, Oguz, Aytekin, Ozdogan, Oner, Onrat, Ersel, Ozer, Savas, Sabuncu, Tevfik, Sahin, Tayfun, Sivri, Fatih, Sonmez, Alper, Temizhan, Ahmet, Topcu, Selim, Tuncez, Abdullah, Vural, Mirac, Yenercag, Mustafa, Yesilbursa, Dilek, Yigit, Zerrin, Yildirim, Aytul B., Yildirir, Aylin, Yilmaz, Mehmet B., Atallah, Bassam, Traina, Mahmoud, Sabbour, Hani, Hay, Dana A., Luqman, Neama, Elfatih, Abubaker, Abdulrasheed, Arshad, Kwok, See, Oca, Nicolas D., Reyes, Ximena, Alieva, Rano B., Kurbanov, Ravshanbek D., Hoshimov, Shavkat U., Nizamov, Ulugbek I., Ziyaeva, Adolat V., Abdullaeva, Guzal J., Do, Doan L., Nguyen, Mai N.T., Kim, Ngoc T., Le, Thanh T., Le, Hong A., Tokgozoglu, Lale, Catapano, Alberico L., and Ray, Kausik K.
Abstract: The European Atherosclerosis Society Familial Hypercholesterolaemia Studies Collaboration (FHSC) global registry provides a platform for the global surveillance of familial hypercholesterolaemia through harmonisation and pooling of multinational data. In this study, we aimed to characterise the adult population with heterozygous familial hypercholesterolaemia and described how it is detected and managed globally.
Published: 2021
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49. Use of cardiovascular risk scores in acute coronary syndrome patients with familial hypercholesterolemia.

Author: Al-Rasadi, Khalid and Al-Zakwani, Ibrahim
Subjects: MORTALITY risk factors, CARDIOVASCULAR diseases risk factors, GENETIC mutation, MYOCARDIAL infarction, RISK assessment, STROKE, GENETIC testing, TRANSIENT ischemic attack, TREATMENT effectiveness, ACUTE coronary syndrome, FAMILIAL hypercholesterolemia
Published: 2018
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50. Prevalence, management, and outcomes of familial hypercholesterolemia in patients with acute coronary syndromes in the Arabian Gulf.

Author: Al-Rasadi, Khalid, Al-Zakwani, Ibrahim, Alsheikh-Ali, Alawi A., Almahmeed, Wael, Rashed, Wafa, Ridha, Mustafa, Santos, Raul D., and Zubaid, Mohammad
Subjects: STATINS (Cardiovascular agents), ACUTE coronary syndrome, CONFIDENCE intervals, CORONARY disease, DIABETES, MULTIVARIATE analysis, MYOCARDIAL infarction, SMOKING, STATISTICS, STROKE, TRANSIENT ischemic attack, FAMILIAL hypercholesterolemia, ODDS ratio, DIAGNOSIS, PROGNOSIS
Abstract: Background Information on the epidemiology of familial hypercholesterolemia (FH) in the Arabian Gulf region, which has an elevated rate of consanguinity and type II diabetes, is scarce. Objectives To assess the prevalence of FH, its management, and impact on atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (ASCVD) outcomes in a multicenter cohort of Arabian Gulf patients with acute coronary syndrome (ACS). Methods Patients (N = 3224) hospitalized with ACS were studied. FH was diagnosed using the Dutch Lipid Clinic Network criteria. A composite endpoint of nonfatal myocardial infarction, stroke, transient ischemic attack, and mortality between the “probable/definite” and the “unlikely” FH patients was assessed after 1 year. Analyses were performed using univariate and multivariate statistical techniques. Results At admission, the proportion of “probable/definite”, “possible”, and “unlikely” FH in ACS patients was 3.7% (n = 119), 28% (n = 911), and 68% (n = 2194), respectively. Overall, 54% (n = 1730) of patients had diabetes, whereas 24% (n = 783) were current smokers. The “probable/definite” FH group was younger (50 vs 63 years; P < .001), had a greater prevalence of early coronary disease (38% vs 8.8%; P < .001), and previous statin use (87% vs 57%; P < .001) when compared with the “unlikely” FH group. After 1 year, the “probable/definite” FH cohort had worse lipid control (13% vs 23%; P < .001) and presented with a greater association with the composite ASCVD endpoint when compared with the “unlikely” FH group (odds ratio: 1.85; 95% confidence interval: 1.01–3.38; P = .047) after multivariable adjustment. Conclusions In Arabian Gulf citizens, FH was common in ACS patients, was undertreated, and was associated with a worse 1-year prognosis. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
Published: 2018
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