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Removal of Congo red was completed in 5–20 s using microwave-enforced sorption (MES) as a sustainable technique. Nano-γ-Al 2 O 3 was covalently bonded with 3-chloropropyltrimethoxysilane to produce γ-Al 2 O 3 -SiCl nanosorbent via microwave-assisted approach. Congo red extraction by γ-Al 2 O 3 and γ-Al 2 O 3 -SiCl were found 58.42% and 69.41% and increased to 66.13% and 81.47%, respectively using 5 and 20 s of microwave heating. The percentage extraction of Congo red (30 mg L −1 ) by γ-Al 2 O 3 -SiCl was increased from 46.21% to 83.61% upon increasing the pH from 1.0 to 10.0. Other controlling conditions were investigated and optimized. Excellent recovery of Congo red from wastewater was established in 20 s. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A method is described for functionalization of nano-zirconium silicate with 3-aminopropyltrimethoxysilane by a fast solvent-free reaction using microwave-assisted fabrication approach to produce a novel Nano-ZrSiO 4 –NH 2 adsorbent. The structure was confirmed from the FT-IR, SEM, TGA and surface area analysis. The metal adsorption and selectivity properties were examined and evaluated from the distribution coefficients ( K d ) of a series of metal ions. Nano-ZrSiO 4 –NH 2 was identified to exhibit 6.300, 4.000 and 2.100 mmol g −1 as the highest capacity values for Cu(II), Cd(II) and Pb(II), respectively using 0.005 g of the adsorbent per 10.0 mL solution. Other important controlling factors were also explored. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]