488 results on '"A. Sonnenschein"'
Search Results
2. Feasibility analysis for the application of conduction tracks on textiles by means of laser radiation
- Author
-
Brackmann, F., Brosda, M., Seidenberg, M., and Sonnenschein, J.
- Abstract
Textiles are not only used for clothing but also have found applications in many other areas. Textiles fulfilling functional or technical properties are called “technical textiles.” Incorporation of conductive components, sensors, or materials reacting to environmental influences convert those into so-called “smart textiles.” Common methods of applying conductive tracks to textiles are embroidery, which can cause damage to the textile, or printing of a low-conductivity paste that may include toxic chemicals. A new method of applying electrical conductors to textiles for contacting is laser welding. In this process, a thin metal foil is welded on locally with an absorber placed above the metal foil to ensure that sufficient energy is applied to partially melt the textile underneath the metal foil. One variant for welding conductive tracks is the use of a globo-optics and a diode laser system with a wavelength of 975 nm. With these optics, the glass sphere focuses the laser beam and serves as a mechanical pressure tool for achieving a zero gap between fabric and foil. Parameters that are varied are the processing speed and the laser power receiving different track widths, as well as the type of textile. In this work, their influence is evaluated by microscopy, electrical resistance measurements during Martindale tests for abrasion resistance, and tensile tests. The investigations clarify the durability and utility of welded conductive tracks on textiles. It is possible to produce conductive tracks out of beaten copper joined on textiles using laser radiation showing conductivity after 10,000 abrasion cycles. The tensile strength of textiles totally made of thermoplastics is more influenced by the heat input of the laser than blended textiles, but their abrasion resistance is worse. Furthermore, an outlook on the possibility of welding using a laser source with a wavelength of 450 nm (blue laser) and a scanner as optics will be given.
- Published
- 2024
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
3. Returning Forgotten Voices: Indigenous Language Documentation and Revitalization in Oaxaca, Mexico
- Author
-
Zborover, Danny, Sonnenschein, Aaron Huey, Llaguno, Salvador Galindo, and Córdova-Hernández, Lorena
- Abstract
Abstract:In collaboration with the APS, CNAIR, and the support of a Franklin Research Grant, in 2016 we embarked on the 'Returning Forgotten Voices/Retornando las Voces a Sus Orígenes' Project. The aim of this collaborative initiative was to repatriate sound recordings held at the APS since the 1960s, a unique linguistic and ethnographic corpus pertaining to the Oaxacan Chontal Indigenous group, currently considered among the most endangered languages in Mexico. In Total we visited 16 Highland Chontal communities and left about 250 CDs, DVDs, and other forms of digital reproductions. Together with local partners and intellectuals, we were also able to re-introduce a facsimile of a 1922 linguistic description of Tequistlateco Chontal back to that community. A secondary goal of the project was to gather comparable linguistic data for our ongoing multidisciplinary study on linguistic diversifications and regional collective displacements, with the contribution of 51 contemporary Chontal speakers. Finally, we conducted introductory 'Master-Apprentice' workshops in each community, which aimed to spur language revitalization efforts. The project members and Chontal collaborators currently continue with linguistic diversification research and cultural revitalization efforts, with the support of our Mexican partners at the National Institute of Indigenous Languages and the Center for the Study and Development of Indigenous Languages of Oaxaca, and through the LADORES Linguistic Lab at California State University, Los Angeles. In this article we discuss the enduring achievements and challenges of the 'Returning Forgotten Voices' Project, and in particular focus on drawing lessons for similar initiatives in Mexico and beyond.
- Published
- 2024
4. Ontology of active and passive environmental exposure
- Author
-
Vámos, Csilla, Scheider, Simon, Sonnenschein, Tabea, and Vermeulen, Roel
- Abstract
Exposure is a central concept of the health and behavioural sciences needed to study the influence of the environment on the health and behaviour of people within a spatial context. While an increasing number of studies measure different forms of exposure, including the influence of air quality, noise, and crime, the influence of land cover on physical activity, or of the urban environment on food intake, we lack a common conceptual modelof environmental exposure that captures its main structure across all this variety. Against the background of such a model, it becomes possible not only to systematically compare different methodological approaches but also to better link and align the content of the vast amount of scientific publications on this topic in a systematic way. For example, an important methodical distinction is between studies that model exposure as an exclusive outcome of some activity versus ones where the environment acts as a direct independent cause (active vs. passive exposure). Here, we propose an information ontology design pattern that can be used to define exposure and to model its variants. It is built around causal relations between concepts including persons, activities, concentrations, exposures, environments and health risks. We formally define environmental stressors and variants of exposure using Description Logic (DL), which allows automatic inference from the RDF-encoded content of a paper. Furthermore, concepts can be linked with data models and modelling methods used in a study. To test the pattern, we translated competency questions into SPARQL queries and ran them over RDF-encoded content. Results show how study characteristics can be classified and summarized in a manner that reflects important methodical differences.
- Published
- 2024
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
5. Verhaltenssüchte als neue ICD-11-Diagnosen
- Author
-
Lindenberg, Katajun and Sonnenschein, Anke Rebecca
- Abstract
Hintergrund: Die Aufnahme von Störungen durch Verhaltenssüchte in die 11. Revision der International Classification of Diseases and Related Health Problems (ICD-11) durch die Weltgesundheitsorganisation (WHO) ist ein bedeutender Meilenstein in der psychotherapeutischen Versorgung von Betroffenen. Methode: Die vorliegende Arbeit enthält eine Übersicht über die aktuelle Evidenzlage der neuen ICD-11-Kategorie. Ergebnisse: Verhaltenssüchte werden zusammen mit Substanzgebrauchsstörungen in der Kategorie „Störungen durch Substanzgebrauch oder Verhaltenssüchte“ klassifiziert. Die Computerspiel- und die Glücksspielstörung werden als eigenständige Diagnosen aufgeführt und können sich sowohl auf online als auch offline ausgeführtes Verhalten beziehen. Die Soziale-Netzwerke-Nutzungsstörung, die Kauf-Shopping-Störung und die Pornografie-Nutzungsstörung werden als „sonstige Störungen durch Verhaltenssüchte“ vorgeschlagen. Behandlungsrelevante Grundlagen der Störungsentstehung umfassen Faktoren des Suchtmittels (insbesondere intermittierende Verstärkungsmechanismen), Faktoren der Person (prädisponierende Variablen sowie kognitive, affektive und exekutive Reaktionen auf suchtbezogene Reize) und Faktoren der Umwelt (Risikofaktoren in relevanten Lebensbereichen sowie die Verfügbarkeit der Suchtmittel). Unterstützungsangebote für Betroffene sind in die Bereiche Beratung, ambulante und stationäre Behandlung sowie Rehabilitation unterteilbar. Therapeutische Ziele und Strategien beinhalten motivationsorientierte Verfahren, behaviorale und kognitive Interventionen, körperorientierte Interventionen, Fertigkeitentrainings und unterstützende Angebote durch Jugendhilfe, Paarberatung, Schulden- und Sozialberatung. Schlussfolgerung: Der Einzug der Verhaltenssüchte in die ICD-11 ist eine wichtige Grundlage für eine adäquate Versorgung von Betroffenen und ihren Angehörigen.
- Published
- 2024
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
6. Theoretical predictions of bending and shear capacity of continuously supported beams reinforced with longitudinal GFRP reinforcements
- Author
-
Štefanovičová, Michaela, Sonnenschein, Róbert, and Gajdošová, Katarína
- Published
- 2023
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
7. Influence of recycled aggregate concrete on resistance of compression members
- Author
-
Knapcová, Veronika, Sonnenschein, Róbert, and Štefanovičová, Michaela
- Published
- 2023
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
8. Benchmark evaluation for a single frequency continuous wave OPO seeded pulsed dye amplifier for high-resolution laser spectroscopy
- Author
-
Clarkson, W. Andrew, Shori, Ramesh K., Urquiza-González, M., Au, M., Bernerd, C., Bissell, M., van den Borne, B., Chrysalidis, K., Cocolios, T. E., Fedosseev, V. N., Flanagan, K. T., Garcia Ruiz, R. G., Geldhof, S., de Groote, R. P., Koszorús, Á., Hanstorp, D., Heines, M., Heinke, R., Hens, K., Khwairakpam, O. S., Kujanpää, S., Lalanne, L., Marsh, B. A., Neyens, G., Nichols, M., Perrett, H., Pitman-Weymouth, D., Reilly, J., Sonnenschein, V., Wendt, K., Wessolek, J., Wilkins, S. G., and Yang, X. F.
- Published
- 2023
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
9. Archimedes Tube Crystallizer: Design and Operation of Continuous Cooling Crystallization Based on First-Principle Modeling.
- Author
-
Sonnenschein, Jana, Heming, Ronja, and Wohlgemuth, Kerstin
- Published
- 2022
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
10. Alcohol consumption and alcohol home delivery laws during the COVID-19 pandemic
- Author
-
Grossman, Elyse R., Benjamin-Neelon, Sara E., and Sonnenschein, Susan
- Abstract
AbstractBackground:Alcohol consumption in the U.S. is a public health problem that has been exacerbated by the COVID-19 pandemic. Relatedly, many states have responded to COVID-19 by relaxing their alcohol laws, making it possible for adults to have alcohol delivered to their homes. This study sought to understand the impact of allowing alcohol home delivery on self-reported adult alcohol consumption in the US. Methods:In May 2020, we surveyed a convenience sample of U.S. adults over 21 years of age recruited through social media and listservs. Eight hundred and thirty-two participants completed the online survey: 84% were female, 85% were White, and 72% were between the ages of 26 and 49. Results:Twenty-one percent of participants who consumed alcohol in the past month had at least some alcohol delivered, with 60% having it delivered from liquor stores, restaurants, or bars. The remainder of the participants purchased the alcohol in-person or owned it pre-COVID-19. Participants who reported having alcohol delivered also reported consuming more drinks (β = 13.3; 95% CI [8.2, 18.4]; p < .000) and drinking on more days (β = 5.0; 95% CI [2.9, 7.0]; p < .000) over the past month than participants who obtained alcohol through other methods. Participants who had alcohol delivered were nearly two times more likely to report engaging in binge drinking than those who obtained alcohol through other methods (OR = 1.96; 95% CI [1.3, 3.1]; p = .003). Conclusions:Obtaining alcohol through home delivery was associated with greater alcohol consumption including binge drinking. As states consider permanently allowing alcohol home delivery, it is important to consider the potential public health implications.
- Published
- 2022
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
11. Alcohol Consumption and Alcohol Home Delivery Laws during the COVID-19 Pandemic
- Author
-
Grossman, Elyse R., Benjamin-Neelon, Sara E., and Sonnenschein, Susan
- Abstract
Background: Alcohol consumption in the U.S. is a public health problem that has been exacerbated by the COVID-19 pandemic. Relatedly, many states have responded to COVID-19 by relaxing their alcohol laws, making it possible for adults to have alcohol delivered to their homes. This study sought to understand the impact of allowing alcohol home delivery on self-reported adult alcohol consumption in the US. Methods:In May 2020, we surveyed a convenience sample of U.S. adults over 21 years of age recruited through social media and listservs. Eight hundred and thirty-two participants completed the online survey: 84% were female, 85% were White, and 72% were between the ages of 26 and 49. Results:Twenty-one percent of participants who consumed alcohol in the past month had at least some alcohol delivered, with 60% having it delivered from liquor stores, restaurants, or bars. The remainder of the participants purchased the alcohol in-person or owned it pre-COVID-19. Participants who reported having alcohol delivered also reported consuming more drinks (β= 13.3; 95% CI [8.2, 18.4]; p< .000) and drinking on more days (β= 5.0; 95% CI [2.9, 7.0]; p< .000) over the past month than participants who obtained alcohol through other methods. Participants who had alcohol delivered were nearly two times more likely to report engaging in binge drinking than those who obtained alcohol through other methods (OR= 1.96; 95% CI [1.3, 3.1]; p= .003). Conclusions:Obtaining alcohol through home delivery was associated with greater alcohol consumption including binge drinking. As states consider permanently allowing alcohol home delivery, it is important to consider the potential public health implications.
- Published
- 2022
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
12. Preparation of Cellular Silicone Elastomers Using Epoxide-Functionalized Silicones.
- Author
-
Lai, Shuqi, Wei, Yanhu, Sonnenschein, Mark F., Henning, Jody J., and Patankar, Kshitish A.
- Published
- 2022
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
13. Generation of human induced pluripotent stem cell line MHHi029-A from a male Fabry disease patient carrying c.959A > T mutation.
- Author
-
Jahn, Christopher, Juchem, Malte, Sonnenschein, Kristina, Gietz, Anika, Buchegger, Theresa, Lachmann, Nico, Göhring, Gudrun, Behrens, Yvonne Lisa, Bär, Christian, Thum, Thomas, and Hoepfner, Jeannine
- Abstract
Fabry disease (FD) is a rare and inherited monogenetic disease caused by mutations in the X-chromosomal alpha-galactosidase A gene GLA concomitant with accumulation of its substrate globotriaosylceramide (Gb3) and multi-organ symptoms. We derived an induced pluripotent stem cell line, MHHi029-A, from a male FD patient carrying a c.959A > T missense mutation in the GLA gene. The hiPSCs show a normal karyotype, expression of pluripotency markers and trilineage differentiation capacity. Importantly, they present the patient-specific mutation in the GLA gene and are therefore a valuable resource for investigating the FD mechanism and identifying novel therapies. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2024
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
14. Finite Element Analysis of the Beam-Bond Test of Steel and GFRP Bars with Concrete
- Author
-
Štefanovičová, Michaela, Sonnenschein, Robert, and Gajdošová, Katarína
- Abstract
The ecological thinking and the development of new materials foreground the composite structures made of FRP (fiber reinforced polymers) and concrete. Before the use in real concrete structures, the material characteristics and composite action with concrete need numerical, analytical, and experimental evaluation. The key to developing the composite action of an FRP reinforcement in concrete is a sufficient bond between the reinforcement and concrete. The GFRP (Glass Fiber Reinforced Polymer) bars as the most common and affordable alternative to steel bars are used in this study to investigate the bond with concrete on the analytical model. The finite element model simulates the beam-bond test of GFRP and steel bars to concrete. The effect of bar diameter and type of reinforcement on the bond behavior are analyzed. Finally, the results obtained from the analytical model are compared with the experimental results from the literature.
- Published
- 2022
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
15. Lord of the Forest | Good Fences.
- Author
-
Sonnenschein, Dana
- Subjects
FENCES ,WOLF conservation - Abstract
The Rocky Mountain grays nap close beside the Arctic wolf's enclosure, and red wolves from down south trot out when they hear his whine. The buck hears my steps ..............a The lobo who lost his mate play-bows then jumps and trots along the fence across from a red wolf, who does the same, ears perked. [Extracted from the article]
- Published
- 2021
16. The Cycasgenome and the early evolution of seed plants
- Author
-
Liu, Yang, Wang, Sibo, Li, Linzhou, Yang, Ting, Dong, Shanshan, Wei, Tong, Wu, Shengdan, Liu, Yongbo, Gong, Yiqing, Feng, Xiuyan, Ma, Jianchao, Chang, Guanxiao, Huang, Jinling, Yang, Yong, Wang, Hongli, Liu, Min, Xu, Yan, Liang, Hongping, Yu, Jin, Cai, Yuqing, Zhang, Zhaowu, Fan, Yannan, Mu, Weixue, Sahu, Sunil Kumar, Liu, Shuchun, Lang, Xiaoan, Yang, Leilei, Li, Na, Habib, Sadaf, Yang, Yongqiong, Lindstrom, Anders J., Liang, Pei, Goffinet, Bernard, Zaman, Sumaira, Wegrzyn, Jill L., Li, Dexiang, Liu, Jian, Cui, Jie, Sonnenschein, Eva C., Wang, Xiaobo, Ruan, Jue, Xue, Jia-Yu, Shao, Zhu-Qing, Song, Chi, Fan, Guangyi, Li, Zhen, Zhang, Liangsheng, Liu, Jianquan, Liu, Zhong-Jian, Jiao, Yuannian, Wang, Xiao-Quan, Wu, Hong, Wang, Ertao, Lisby, Michael, Yang, Huanming, Wang, Jian, Liu, Xin, Xu, Xun, Li, Nan, Soltis, Pamela S., Van de Peer, Yves, Soltis, Douglas E., Gong, Xun, Liu, Huan, and Zhang, Shouzhou
- Abstract
Cycads represent one of the most ancient lineages of living seed plants. Identifying genomic features uniquely shared by cycads and other extant seed plants, but not non-seed-producing plants, may shed light on the origin of key innovations, as well as the early diversification of seed plants. Here, we report the 10.5-Gb reference genome of Cycas panzhihuaensis, complemented by the transcriptomes of 339 cycad species. Nuclear and plastid phylogenomic analyses strongly suggest that cycads and Ginkgoform a clade sister to all other living gymnosperms, in contrast to mitochondrial data, which place cycads alone in this position. We found evidence for an ancient whole-genome duplication in the common ancestor of extant gymnosperms. The Cycasgenome contains four homologues of the fitDgene family that were likely acquired via horizontal gene transfer from fungi, and these genes confer herbivore resistance in cycads. The male-specific region of the Y chromosome of C. panzhihuaensiscontains a MADS-box transcription factor expressed exclusively in male cones that is similar to a system reported in Ginkgo, suggesting that a sex determination mechanism controlled by MADS-box genes may have originated in the common ancestor of cycads and Ginkgo. The C. panzhihuaensisgenome provides an important new resource of broad utility for biologists.
- Published
- 2022
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
17. Learning at home: What preschool children’s parents do and what they want to learn from their children’s teachers
- Author
-
Sonnenschein, Susan, Stites, Michele, and Dowling, Rebecca
- Abstract
This study investigated the beliefs parents of preschoolers (N = 126) have for facilitating their children’s reading and mathematics development. The study used an online survey distributed via social media to examine parents’ views of their children’s home-based reading and mathematics engagement, parents’ confidence to support their children’s reading and mathematics development, and the information they received and would like to receive from their children’s teachers. The results demonstrated three patterns: (1) parents prioritized children’s reading over their mathematics development, (2) the difference in children’s reported engagement in such activities may come from parents lacking confidence in how to foster their children’s mathematics skills, and (3) almost two/thirds of the parents wanted to receive more information from their children’s teachers, typically about children’s progress and activities and apps to do with their children at home. Preschool teachers play an important role in supporting home learning of reading and mathematics. Preschool teachers and parents need to collaborate on home-based activities that support such learning. We have demonstrated that even highly educated parents may lack the confidence to support their young children’s academic growth, particularly in mathematics, and so the support teachers provide to parents is critical.
- Published
- 2021
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
18. Isolation of Methyl Troposulfenin from Phaeobacter inhibens
- Author
-
Phippen, Christopher B. W., Jørgensen, Cecilie M., Bentzon-Tilia, Mikkel, Gotfredsen, Charlotte Held, Larsen, Thomas O., Gram, Lone, and Sonnenschein, Eva C.
- Abstract
An S-methylated analogue of tropodithietic acid (TDA, 1), methyl troposulfenin (2), was isolated from the marine alphaproteobacterium Phaeobacter inhibens. The structure was elucidated by NMR and HRMS. Its inhibitory effect against the fish pathogen Vibrio anguillarumwas 4-fold to 100-fold lower than that of the known antibacterial compound TDA. Methyl troposulfenin lacks the acidic proton of TDA, indicating that the methylation turns the potent antibacterial TDA into an inactive compound, and thereby, this analysis supports the proposed mode of action of TDA.
- Published
- 2024
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
19. OptCouple: Joint simulation of gene knockouts, insertions and medium modifications for prediction of growth-coupled strain designs
- Author
-
Jensen, Kristian, Broeken, Valentijn, Lærke Hansen, Anne Sofie, Sonnenschein, Nikolaus, and Herrgård, Markus J.
- Abstract
Biological production of chemicals is an attractive alternative to petrochemical-based production, due to advantages in environmental impact and the spectrum of feasible targets. However, engineering microbial strains to overproduce a compound of interest can be a long, costly and painstaking process. If production can be coupled to cell growth it is possible to use adaptive laboratory evolution to increase the production rate. Strategies for coupling production to growth, however, are often not trivial to find. Here we present OptCouple, a constraint-based modeling algorithm to simultaneously identify combinations of gene knockouts, insertions and medium supplements that lead to growth-coupled production of a target compound. We validated the algorithm by showing that it can find novel strategies that are growth-coupled in silico for a compound that has not been coupled to growth previously, as well as reproduce known growth-coupled strain designs for two different target compounds. Furthermore, we used OptCouple to construct an alternative design with potential for higher production. We provide an efficient and easy-to-use implementation of the OptCouple algorithm in the cameo Python package for computational strain design.
- Published
- 2024
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
20. Bottom-up parameterization of enzyme rate constants: Reconciling inconsistent data
- Author
-
Zielinski, Daniel C., Matos, Marta R.A., de Bree, James E., Glass, Kevin, Sonnenschein, Nikolaus, and Palsson, Bernhard O.
- Abstract
Kinetic models of metabolism are promising platforms for studying complex metabolic systems and designing production strains. Given the availability of enzyme kinetic data from historical experiments and machine learning estimation tools, a straightforward modeling approach is to assemble kinetic data enzyme by enzyme until a desired scale is reached. However, this type of ‘bottom up’ parameterization of kinetic models has been difficult due to a number of issues including gaps in kinetic parameters, the complexity of enzyme mechanisms, inconsistencies between parameters obtained from different sources, and in vitro-in vivodifferences. Here, we present a computational workflow for the robust estimation of kinetic parameters for detailed mass action enzyme models while taking into account parameter uncertainty. The resulting software package, termed MASSef (the Mass Action Stoichiometry Simulation Enzyme Fitting package), can handle standard ‘macroscopic’ kinetic parameters, including Km, kcat, Ki, Keq, and nh, as well as diverse reaction mechanisms defined in terms of mass action reactions and ‘microscopic’ rate constants. We provide three enzyme case studies demonstrating that this approach can identify and reconcile inconsistent data either within in vitroexperiments or between in vitroand in vivoenzyme function. We further demonstrate how parameterized enzyme modules can be used to assemble pathway-scale kinetic models consistent with in vivobehavior. This work builds on the legacy of knowledge on kinetic behavior of enzymes by enabling robust parameterization of enzyme kinetic models at scale utilizing the abundance of historical literature data and machine learning parameter estimates.
- Published
- 2024
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
21. Developing professional communication skills: Perceptions and reflflections of domestic and international graduates.
- Author
-
Sonnenschein, Katrine and Ferguson, Janet
- Subjects
COMMUNICATIVE competence ,GRADUATES ,CROSS-cultural communication ,SENSORY perception ,COLLEGE students - Abstract
Communication is considered a crucial skill set by employers who require universities to develop students' communication skills, to meet their requirements in the workplace. This study focuses on graduates' perceptions of their skill in professional communication; its development during their studies; and its value when making the transition to employment. The paper is based on two studies undertaken in Australia with interviews with graduates. The graduates are both of Australian and Chinese origin working in Australia and China across various industries. Presentation skills, writing, and intercultural skills were considered most important. Although most participants were satisfied with the way they had developed these skills at the Australian university, some international graduates needed more help from university to attain these skills. Recommendations regarding structured interventions for intercultural communication, work-integrated learning, and professional training of academic staff were provided. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2020
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
22. Comparing Australian graduate employees' "use of connections" and Chinese "sea-turtle" graduate employees' use of " guanxi ".
- Author
-
Ferguson, Jan and Sonnenschein, Katrine
- Subjects
SEA turtles ,GRADUATES ,COMMUNICATIVE competence ,INDUSTRIAL relations ,EMPLOYEES - Abstract
It is important for graduate employees and their employers that Australian graduates (both domestic and international) develop knowledge, skills, and other qualities that are easily transferrable to their employment in Australia, China, and the Asia-Pacific region. Much contemporary research addresses the appropriateness of graduate attributes such as leadership, teamwork, and communication skills in relation to meeting employers' needs. This qualitative study contributes to these discussions by comparing how Chinese and domestic graduates apply a lesser regarded attribute, the use of connections, to the work setting. Since Chinese employers follow the principles of guanxi (being able to earn and use influential networks), this might complicate attempts by returned Chinese graduate employees ("sea-turtles") who are graduates of Australian universities to transfer their use of connections. This study compares Australian graduates' experiences of using connections and Chinese sea turtles' experiences of using connections within the protocols of guanxi. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2020
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
23. Bacterial Candidates for Colonization and Degradation of Marine Plastic Debris.
- Author
-
Roager, Line and Sonnenschein, Eva C.
- Published
- 2019
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
24. Emerging therapeutic targets for schizophrenia: a framework for novel treatment strategies for psychosis
- Author
-
Sonnenschein, Susan F. and Grace, A
- Abstract
ABSTRACTIntroduction: Antipsychotic drugs are central to the treatment of schizophrenia, but their limitations necessitate improved treatment strategies. Multiple lines of research have implicated glutamatergic dysfunction in the hippocampus as an early source of pathophysiology in schizophrenia. Novel compounds have been designed to treat glutamatergic dysfunction, but they have produced inconsistent results in clinical trials.Areas covered: This review discusses how the hippocampus is thought to drive psychotic symptoms through its influence on the dopamine system. It offers the reader an evaluation of proposed treatment strategies including direct modulation of GABA or glutamate neurotransmission or reducing the deleterious impact of stress on circuit development. Finally, we offer a perspective on aspects of future research that will advance our knowledge and may create new therapeutic opportunities. PubMed was searched for relevant literature between 2010 and 2020 and related studies.Expert opinion: Targeting aberrant excitatory-inhibitory neurotransmission in the hippocampus and its related circuits has the potential to alleviate symptoms and reduce the risk of transition to psychosis if implemented as an early intervention. Longitudinal multimodal brain imaging combined with mechanistic theories generated from animal models can be used to better understand the progression of hippocampal-dopamine circuit dysfunction and heterogeneity in treatment response.
- Published
- 2021
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
25. From Wingspread to CLARITY: a personal trajectory
- Author
-
Soto, Ana M., Schaeberle, Cheryl M., and Sonnenschein, Carlos
- Abstract
In the three decades since endocrine disruption was conceptualized at the Wingspread Conference, we have witnessed the growth of this multidisciplinary field and the accumulation of evidence showing the deleterious health effects of endocrine-disrupting chemicals. It is only within the past decade that, albeit slowly, some changes regarding regulatory measures have taken place. In this Perspective, we address some historical points regarding the advent of the endocrine disruption field and the conceptual changes that endocrine disruption brought about. We also provide our personal recollection of the events triggered by our serendipitous discovery of oestrogenic activity in plastic, a founder event in the field of endocrine disruption. This recollection ends with the CLARITY study as an example of a discordance between ‘science for its own sake’ and ‘regulatory science’ and leads us to offer a perspective that could be summarized by the motto attributed to Ludwig Boltzmann: “Nothing is more practical than a good theory”.
- Published
- 2021
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
26. The mGluR2/3 agonist pomaglumetad methionil normalizes aberrant dopamine neuron activity via action in the ventral hippocampus
- Author
-
Sonnenschein, Susan F. and Grace, Anthony A.
- Abstract
The group 2 metabotropic glutamate receptor (mGluR2/3) agonist, pomaglumetad methionil (POM), showed promise as a novel antipsychotic in preclinical research but failed to show efficacy in clinical trials, though it has been suggested that it may be effective in certain patient populations. Although previous studies have shown that mGluR2/3 agonists have no effect on dopamine (DA) in wild type rats, we used the methylzoxymethanol acetate (MAM) model to determine whether POM may indirectly normalize DA neuron activity in a model representative of the hyperdopaminergic state thought to underlie psychosis, compared to SAL rats, using in vivo, anesthetized, electrophysiological recordings. POM dose-dependently reduced the number of spontaneously active DA neurons in the VTA of MAM rats to control levels without affecting DA firing in SAL rats, which persisted following 14d repeated treatment with POM. In female MAM rats, POM significantly reduced DA neuron population activity only during proestrous and estrous stages. MAM rats also demonstrated dose-dependent improvement in novel object recognition following acute POM, which was not observed in SAL rats. Similar to the MAM rats, DA neuron population activity was increased in a hippocampal-dependent manner following acute restraint stress. Administration of POM prior to 2 h restraint stress prevented the restraint-induced increase in DA neuron population activity, and this effect was blocked by pretreatment with an mGluR2/3 antagonist. Thus, the ability of POM to reduce the hyperdopaminergic activity in both MAM rats and in wild type rats following restraint stress suggests that it can indirectly regulate DA neuron activity, which may underlie its potential therapeutic effects.
- Published
- 2020
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
27. Durability of FRP Reinforcements and Long-Term Properties
- Author
-
Gajdošová, Katarína, Sonnenschein, Róbert, Blaho, Stanislav, Kinčeková, Simona, and Pecka, Ján
- Abstract
Although fiber-reinforced polymers (FRPs) have achieved increasing popularity in strengthening concrete structures and reinforcing new ones, there is to date insufficient knowledge about their long-term behavior. The long-term properties of FRPs specified in design codes lead to the low utilization capacity of these materials and are not supposed to be correct according to the actual behavior of structures reinforced with FRPs after 20 or 30 years of their use. Environmental impact reduction factors limit the mechanical properties of FRP composites in a range from 0.95 for CFRP to 0.5 for GFRP; the creep rupture factor is from 0.9 to 0.2. The paper summarizes previous research and experimental studies on the long-term properties of FRP reinforcements and also their comparison with the actual structures in which this reinforcement has been used; it presents the first part of an experimental investigation with comparative calculations.
- Published
- 2020
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
28. Comparing Australian graduate employees’ “use of connections” and Chinese “sea-turtle” graduate employees’ use of “guanxi”
- Author
-
Ferguson, Jan and Sonnenschein, Katrine
- Abstract
It is important for graduate employees and their employers that Australian graduates (both domestic and international) develop knowledge, skills, and other qualities that are easily transferrable to their employment in Australia, China, and the Asia-Pacific region. Much contemporary research addresses the appropriateness of graduate attributes such as leadership, teamwork, and communication skills in relation to meeting employers’ needs. This qualitative study contributes to these discussions by comparing how Chinese and domestic graduates apply a lesser regarded attribute, the use of connections, to the work setting. Since Chinese employers follow the principles of guanxi(being able to earn and use influential networks), this might complicate attempts by returned Chinese graduate employees (“sea-turtles”) who are graduates of Australian universities to transfer their use of connections. This study compares Australian graduates’ experiences of using connections and Chinese sea turtles’ experiences of using connections within the protocols of guanxi.
- Published
- 2020
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
29. Bacterial Candidates for Colonization and Degradation of Marine Plastic Debris
- Author
-
Roager, Line and Sonnenschein, Eva C.
- Abstract
With the rising plastic pollution in the oceans, research on the plastisphere—the microorganisms interacting with marine plastic debris—has emerged. Microbial communities colonizing plastic have been characterized from several ocean regions and they are distinct from the communities of the surrounding waters, and a few plastic-degrading microorganisms have been isolated from other environments. Therefore, we propose that marine microorganisms have adapted to plastic as a surface for colonization and potentially degradation. When comparing the taxonomic patterns of plastic-associated, marine bacteria, recurring groups and families such as the families Erythrobacteraceae and Rhodobacteraceae (Alphaproteobacteria), Flavobacteriaceae (Bacteriodetes), and the phylum of cyanobacteria (such as the Phormidiumgenus) can be identified. Thereby, we provide a perspective on which bacterial candidates could play a role in the colonization and possible degradation of plastic in the oceans due to their occurrence on marine plastic debris. We emphasize the need for extended and reproducible collection of data to assess the existence of a core microbiome or core functionalities of the plastisphere and confirm the capability of these bacterial candidates for biodegradation of plastic. Furthermore, we suggest the next steps in research to elucidate the level of natural bioremediation and the exploitation of bacterial degradative mechanisms of plastic.
- Published
- 2019
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
30. Estimating tree species diversity from space in an alpine conifer forest: The Rao's Q diversity index meets the spectral variation hypothesis.
- Author
-
Torresani, Michele, Rocchini, Duccio, Sonnenschein, Ruth, Zebisch, Marc, Marcantonio, Matteo, Ricotta, Carlo, and Tonon, Giustino
- Subjects
TIMBERLINE ,SPECIES diversity ,NUMBERS of species ,CONIFEROUS forests ,REMOTE sensing ,SURFACE of the earth - Abstract
Forests cover about 30% of the Earth surface, they are among the most biodiverse terrestrial ecosystems and represent the bulk of many ecological processes and services. The assessment of biodiversity is an important and essential goal to achieve but it can results difficult, time consuming and expensive when based on field data. Remote sensing covers large areas and provides consistent quality and standardized data, which can be used to estimate species diversity. One method to estimate species diversity from remote sensing data is based on the Spectral Variation Hypothesis (SVH), which assumes that the higher the spectral variation of an image, the higher the environmental heterogeneity and the species diversity of the considered area. SVH has been tested using different spectral heterogeneity (SH) indices and measures, recently the Rao's Q index has been proposed as a new spectral variation measure to be applied to remote sensing data. In this paper, we tested the SVH in an alpine coniferous forest to estimate tree species diversity. We evaluated the performance of the Rao's Q index and compared it with another widely used SH index, the Coefficient of Variation (CV), validating them against values of Shannon's H (used as species diversity index) derived from in-situ collected data. A NDVI time-series (for 2016 and 2017) derived from the Sentinel-2A and 2B and Landsat 8 OLI satellites has been used to test the effect of the spatial grain of both the sensors and to understand the seasonality of the SVH. The results showed that the SVH is season and sensor dependent. For both years and satellites, the relation between Rao's Q and field data reached the highest R
2 between June and July, decreasing towards winter and spring similarly to the NDVI time-series. This relationship could be given because, when NDVI reaches its highest values, it is able to capture small variation in reflectance of different leaf traits typical of specific trees. The relation between field and spectral diversity reached a value of R2 = 0.70 (2017) and R2 = 0.48 (2016) for Sentinel-2 and of R2 = 0.42 (2017) and R2 = 0.47 (2016) for Landsat 8. CV showed the same NDVI temporal tendency. However, the relation between field-derived Shannon's H and CV was on average lower than that we found for Rao's Q. This research underlined the goodness of the Rao's Q index, the relevance of the NDVI in the study of the SVH and the importance of the multi-temporal approach. • The Spectral Variation Hypothesis has been tested in a coniferous forest using Sentinel-2 and Landsat 8 multispectral data. • We evaluated the performance of the Rao's Q spectral variation index to estimate tree species diversity. • We assessed the effect of sensor choice, spatial resolution and seasonal variability on the Spectral Variation Hypothesis. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]- Published
- 2019
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
31. Evaluation of an Early Language and Literacy Program for Parents of Infants in the NICU.
- Author
-
Shanty, Lisa, Dowling, Rebecca, Sonnenschein, Susan, and Hussey-Gardner, Brenda
- Subjects
STATISTICAL correlation ,TEST validity ,EXPERIMENTAL design ,INTERVIEWING ,LANGUAGE acquisition ,LITERACY ,RESEARCH methodology ,NEONATAL intensive care ,PARENT-infant relationships ,QUESTIONNAIRES ,RESEARCH funding ,T-test (Statistics) ,QUALITATIVE research ,QUANTITATIVE research ,NEONATAL intensive care units ,PRE-tests & post-tests ,PARENTING education ,EVALUATION of human services programs ,DATA analysis software - Abstract
Purpose: To evaluate the effect of a NICU parent education program on parents' early language and literacy practices, and on their confidence interpreting and responding to infant signals. Design: Single group, pre- and post-test, mixed-methods evaluation design. Sample: One hundred and four parents and other caregivers completed questionnaires before and after the one-hour program. Ten parents participated in follow-up interviews. Main Outcome Variables: Before and after sessions, participants reported on frequency of their current and intended early language and literacy practices, and their confidence interpreting and responding to infant signals. Participants also reported program satisfaction. Interview participants reported their behavior change one to two weeks later. Results: The program significantly increased intention to engage in more early language and literacy practices, and increased parent-reported knowledge of how and when to interact with their infants. The majority of interviewed parents reported engaging in these practices one to two weeks later. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2019
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
32. Isolation of Methyl Troposulfenin from Phaeobacter inhibens.
- Author
-
Phippen, Christopher B. W., Jørgensen, Cecilie M., Bentzon-Tilia, Mikkel, Gotfredsen, Charlotte Held, Larsen, Thomas O., Gram, Lone, and Sonnenschein, Eva C.
- Published
- 2019
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
33. Probabilistic Intraday Wastewater Treatment Plant Inflow Forecast Utilizing Rain Forecast Data and Sewer Network Sensor Data
- Author
-
Sonnenschein, Björn and Ziel, Florian
- Abstract
Forecasting of wastewater treatment plant inflow dynamics constitutes an enabler technology for wastewater treatment process optimization using model predictive control. However, accurate inflow prediction is still challenging, especially for strong rainfall events, where complex system dynamics and missing information on future rainfall represent limiting factors. We propose a seasonal probabilistic time series model for modeling the short‐term wastewater inflow accurately while providing quantification of forecast uncertainty. To ensure suitability for practical implementation, the unconstrained parameters of the predictive distribution are modeled as linear functions of the input variables in the framework of Generalized Additive Models for Location Scale and Shape. Non‐linear effects are approximated by Rectified Linear Units, accounting for buffering within the sewer network and flow‐dependent catchment response time. In addition to water level measurements from within the sewer network and rain rate measurements, rain forecasts are incorporated as exogenous regressors, where historical rain forecasts are used for model calibration. The model performance is evaluated on historical data from a German wastewater treatment plant using deterministic and probabilistic scoring rules. We benchmark against an autoregressive time series model and a long short‐term memory artificial neural network. Our results show that the proposed model unites the benefits of high prediction accuracy of the neural network and enhanced intelligibility of the autoregressive model, but accurate real‐time rain forecasts are mandatory for successful real‐world implementation. The wastewater treatment process accounts for a large proportion of a wastewater treatment plant's energy consumption. Here, an accurate prediction of future wastewater inflow is an important tool for the optimization of energy efficiency. The potential for optimization is particularly large for rain events. However, especially in such situations, inflow prediction is most challenging. We developed a specialized computer algorithm for inflow prediction that utilizes weather forecasts in order to produce reliable inflow predictions in such situations. The developed algorithm is a machine learning model that learns the knowledge needed to perform accurate predictions from historical data. Although capable machine learning models are generally complex, we aimed to design the algorithm in such a way that it is understandable and hence trustworthy for practitioners so that it can easily be used in real‐world application. We tested the algorithm and our results show that it is possible to generate precise wastewater inflow predictions, but very accurate and quickly available weather forecasts are mandatory, which is an interesting objective for further research. We propose a model for probabilistic wastewater treatment plant inflow prediction utilizing rain forecast data to handle rain eventsNon‐linear dynamics within the sewer system are approximated in a linear framework using rectified linear unitsOur results indicate similar performance to less intelligible non‐linear models, but rain forecast accuracy constitutes a limitation We propose a model for probabilistic wastewater treatment plant inflow prediction utilizing rain forecast data to handle rain events Non‐linear dynamics within the sewer system are approximated in a linear framework using rectified linear units Our results indicate similar performance to less intelligible non‐linear models, but rain forecast accuracy constitutes a limitation
- Published
- 2023
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
34. Suppressor of IKKepsilon forms direct interactions with cytoskeletal proteins, tubulin and α‐actinin, linking innate immunity to the cytoskeleton.
- Author
-
Sonnenschein, Halie A., Lawrence, Kenneth F., Wittenberg, Karli A., Slykas, Frank A., Dohleman, Emerald L., Knoublauch, Jilan B., Fahey, Sean M., Marshall, Jr, Timothy M., Marion, James D., and Bell, Jessica K.
- Subjects
NF-kappa B ,TYPE I interferons ,NATURAL immunity ,VIRUS diseases ,HYPERTROPHIC cardiomyopathy ,CYTOSKELETON - Abstract
Suppressor of IKKepsilon (SIKE) is associated with the type I interferon response of the innate immune system through TANK‐binding kinase 1 (TBK1). Originally characterized as an endogenous inhibitor of TBK1 when overexpressed in viral infection and pathological cardiac hypertrophic models, a mechanistic study revealed that SIKE acts as a high‐affinity substrate of TBK1, but its function remains unknown. In this work, we report that scratch assay analysis of parental and SIKE CRISPR/Cas9 knockout HAP1 cells showed an ~ 20% decrease in cell migration. Investigation of the SIKE interaction network through affinity purification/mass spectrometry showed that SIKE formed interactions with cytoskeletal proteins. In immunofluorescence assays, endogenous SIKE localized to cytosolic puncta in both epithelial and myeloid cells and to nuclear puncta in myeloid cells, while in epithelial cells additional staining occurred in stress fiber‐like structures and adjacent to the plasma membrane. Using cellular markers, co‐occurrence of SIKE fluorescence with actin, α‐actinin, and ezrin was detected. Reciprocal immunoprecipitation revealed a SIKE:tubulin interaction sensitive to the phosphorylation state of SIKE, but a SIKE:α‐actinin interaction was unchanged by SIKE phosphorylation. In vitro precipitation assays confirmed a direct SIKE interaction with tubulin and α‐actinin. These results indicate that SIKE may promote cell migration by directly associating with the cytoskeleton. In this role, SIKE may mediate cytoskeletal rearrangement necessary in innate immunity, but also link a key catalytic hub, TBK1, to the cytoskeleton. Database: The mass spectrometry proteomics data have been deposited to the ProteomeXchange Consortium via the PRIDE [1] partner repository with the dataset identifier PXD007262. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2018
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
35. Benefits of Work-Integrated Learning: Perceptions Held by Chinese International Students Enrolled in an Australian University and Managers in the Chinese Hotel Industry
- Author
-
Sonnenschein, Katrine, Barker, Michelle, and Hibbins, Ray
- Abstract
ABSTRACTThis article explores the perceptions held by 2 stakeholder groups regarding the usefulness of work-integrated learning (WIL) in the hotel industry as part of tourism and hospitality students’ overseas studies. The 2 stakeholder groups are Chinese international students enrolled in tourism and hospitality degrees at a particular Australian university and managers working in the Chinese hotel industry. The findings from 31 interviews suggest that both groups have clear perceptions of the outcomes of the WIL component, including the ability of such experiences to bridge theory and practice and to develop the graduate attributes needed for employability in China. The study also explores themes regarding the particular university’s role in investigating and securing work placements within the Australian and Chinese contexts. The article recommends that internship programs be embedded in the tourism and hospitality degrees at the particular university and that engagement with the Chinese hotel industry be enhanced.
- Published
- 2019
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
36. Is one carbon price enough? Assessing the effects of payment vehicle choice on willingness to pay in Sweden
- Author
-
Sonnenschein, Jonas and Mundaca, Luis
- Abstract
Existing knowledge suggests that people’s willingness to pay (WTP) for climate change mitigation depends not only on personal characteristics but also on the payment vehicle (PV) that is used to elicit WTP. The aim of this research is to investigate policy-relevant differences in WTP between different PVs to support the design of carbon pricing mechanisms. The novelty of this contingent valuation study is the randomized use of four different PVs for the same sample (n = 500), in order to isolate effects of PV choice from effects driven by differences in study context and sampling. The results show that mean WTP differs between PVs. At about EUR 55 per tonne CO2it is highest for a climate surcharge on short distance flights, followed by the climate surcharge on long distance flights (EUR 36), the climate surcharge on fuels (EUR 32) and voluntary offsetting (EUR 14). Statistical tests show that for almost all pairs of PVs the differential effect of PV choice is significant. Moreover, the results illustrate that WTP means are sensitive to changes in the assumed carbon intensity of the respective energy-consuming activities (in particular for air travel). In all, the differential effects of PV choice suggest that a uniform carbon price is inadequate and prioritisation and differentiation are needed in policymaking.
- Published
- 2019
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
37. Combined In-Cell NMR and Simulation Approach to Probe Redox-Dependent Pathway Control
- Author
-
Jensen, Pernille R., Matos, Marta R. A., Sonnenschein, Nikolaus, and Meier, Sebastian
- Abstract
Dynamic response of intracellular reaction cascades to changing environments is a hallmark of living systems. As metabolism is complex, mechanistic models have gained popularity for describing the dynamic response of cellular metabolism and for identifying target genes for engineering. At the same time, the detailed tracking of transient metabolism in living cells on the subminute time scale has become amenable using dynamic nuclear polarization-enhanced 13C NMR. Here, we suggest an approach combining in-cell NMR spectroscopy with perturbation experiments and modeling to obtain evidence that the bottlenecks of yeast glycolysis depend on intracellular redox state. In pre-steady-state glycolysis, pathway bottlenecks shift from downstream to upstream reactions within a few seconds, consistent with a rapid decline in the NAD+/NADH ratio. Simulations using mechanistic models reproduce the experimentally observed response and help identify unforeseen biochemical events. Remaining inaccuracies in the computational models can be identified experimentally. The combined use of rapid injection NMR spectroscopy and in silico simulations provides a promising method for characterizing cellular reactions with increasing mechanistic detail.
- Published
- 2019
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
38. Minimum energy performance standards for the 1.5 °C target: an effective complement to carbon pricing
- Author
-
Sonnenschein, Jonas, Van Buskirk, Robert, Richter, Jessika, and Dalhammar, Carl
- Abstract
Radical energy efficiency improvements are needed to keep global warming within 1.5 °C until the end of the century. Minimum energy performance standards (MEPS) are a widely applied policy instrument to improve the energy efficiency of appliances and reduce CO2emissions, but they are criticized as redundant if an overarching carbon pricing scheme is in place. In order to better understand how MEPS could play a more effective role in reaching the 1.5 °C target, life cycle costs (LCC) for four home appliances were modelled considering a cost for emitting CO2. First, a significant social cost of carbon was introduced in a LCC optimisation model and it was found that a modest tightening of MEPS is sufficient to account for the climate externality. Second, more stringent MEPS were modelled and it was found that the switching prices needed to incentivize a shift up one or two efficiency classes were far higher than current carbon prices. These results have several implications for climate policy towards the 1.5 °C target. MEPS can easily internalize the climate externality and have the advantage over carbon pricing that policy makers can be certain that consumers actually move to more efficient appliances. While stringent MEPS do not appear to be economically efficient on the short-run, they are likely cost-effective in long-run 1.5 °C-consistent scenarios.
- Published
- 2019
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
39. State-dependent effects of the D2partial agonist aripiprazole on dopamine neuron activity in the MAM neurodevelopmental model of schizophrenia
- Author
-
Sonnenschein, Susan F., Gill, Kathryn M., and Grace, Anthony A.
- Abstract
Aripiprazole is an antipsychotic drug characterized by partial agonist activity at D2receptors to normalize both hyperdopaminergic and hypodopaminergic states. Traditional D2antagonist antipsychotic drugs have been shown previously to reduce dopamine neuron activity through action on D2autoreceptors to produce an overexcitation-induced cessation of cell firing, referred to as depolarization block. It is unclear whether aripiprazole reduces dopamine neuron activity via inhibition or, as seen following D2antagonist administration, depolarization block. The impact of acute and repeated aripiprazole treatment was examined in the methylazoxymethanol acetate (MAM) rodent model to observe its effects on a hyperdopaminergic system, compared to normal rats. We found that administration of aripiprazole acutely or after 1 or 7 days of withdrawal from 21-day repeated treatment led to a decrease in the number of spontaneously active dopamine neurons in MAM rats but not in controls. This reduction was not reversed by apomorphine (100–200?µg/kg i.p. or 20?µg/kg i.v.) administration, suggesting that it was not due to depolarization block. In contrast, 1?h after induction of depolarization block of dopamine neurons by acute haloperidol treatment (0.6?mg/kg i.p.), aripiprazole (1?mg/kg, i.p.) reversed the depolarization block state. Therefore, aripiprazole rapidly reduced the hyperdopaminergic activity selectively in MAM rats. The reduction is unlikely due to depolarization block and persists following 7-day withdrawal from repeated treatment. Aripiprazole also removes haloperidol-induced depolarization block in MAM rats, which may underlie the acute psychotic state often observed with switching to this treatment.
- Published
- 2019
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
40. Evaluation of an Early Language and Literacy Program for Parents of Infants in the NICU
- Author
-
Shanty, Lisa, Dowling, Rebecca, Sonnenschein, Susan, and Hussey-Gardner, Brenda
- Abstract
PurposeTo evaluate the effect of a NICU parent education program on parents' early language and literacy practices, and on their confidence interpreting and responding to infant signals.DesignSingle group, pre- and post-test, mixed-methods evaluation design.SampleOne hundred and four parents and other caregivers completed questionnaires before and after the one-hour program. Ten parents participated in follow-up interviews.Main Outcome VariablesBefore and after sessions, participants reported on frequency of their current and intended early language and literacy practices, and their confidence interpreting and responding to infant signals. Participants also reported program satisfaction. Interview participants reported their behavior change one to two weeks later.ResultsThe program significantly increased intention to engage in more early language and literacy practices, and increased parent-reported knowledge of how and when to interact with their infants. The majority of interviewed parents reported engaging in these practices one to two weeks later.
- Published
- 2019
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
41. Isotope-selective Microscale Imaging of Radioactive Cs without Isobaric Interferences Using Sputtered Neutral Mass Spectrometry with Two-step Resonant Ionization Employing Newly-developed Ti:Sapphire Lasers
- Author
-
Sakamoto, Tetsuo, Morita, Masato, Kanenari, Keita, Tomita, Hideki, Sonnenschein, Volker, Saito, Kosuke, Ohashi, Masaya, Kato, Kotaro, Iguchi, Tetsuo, Kawai, Toshihide, Okumura, Takeo, Satou, Yukihiko, and Wakaida, Ikuo
- Abstract
The characterization of radionuclides in Fukushima is important to determine their origins and current state in the environment. Radionuclides exist as fine particles and are mixed with other constituents. A measurement method with both micro-imaging capability and highly selective element detection is necessary to analyze these particles. We developed such an imaging technique using a time-of-flight secondary ion mass spectrometry and wavelength-tunable Ti:Sapphire lasers for the resonance ionization of target elements without mass interference. This is called resonant laser ionization sputtered neutral mass spectrometry. The instrument has a high lateral resolution and a higher ionization selectivity using two-step resonance excitation of Cs with two lasers at different wavelengths. Optimization of the wavelength for resonance ionization using a Cs compound was performed, and a real environmental particle containing radioactive Cs was analyzed. Isotope images of three kinds of Cs were successfully obtained without interfere from Ba isotopes for the first time.
- Published
- 2018
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
42. Novel Associations between Clonal Hematopoiesis and Therapeutic Exposures Revealed in Patients with Solid Tumors Using Real World Evidence
- Author
-
Sonnenschein, Anne, Moore, Elle, Lo, Christine, Kang, Peter, Taxter, Timothy J, Mahon, Brett, and Hassane, Duane C
- Published
- 2022
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
43. Novel Associations between Clonal Hematopoiesis and Therapeutic Exposures Revealed in Patients with Solid Tumors Using Real World Evidence
- Author
-
Sonnenschein, Anne, Moore, Elle, Lo, Christine, Kang, Peter, Taxter, Timothy J, Mahon, Brett, and Hassane, Duane C
- Published
- 2022
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
44. FRP Composites and their Using in the Construction of Bridges.
- Author
-
Sonnenschein, Robert, Gajdosova, Katarina, and Holly, Ivan
- Subjects
BRIDGE design & construction ,REINFORCED concrete ,STRAINS & stresses (Mechanics) ,FIBER-reinforced ceramics ,DURABILITY ,REINFORCING bars ,CORROSION & anti-corrosives - Abstract
Traditional material for concrete reinforcement is steel. In recent times, non-metallic fibres have been intensively investigated and some of them used for construction of bridges. FRP composites are durable materials which are different from the steel reinforcement for their resistance to the electrochemical corrosion. With respect to steel, different mechanical behavior of non-metallic reinforcement, however, involves some drawbacks - namely the lack of thermal compatibility between concrete and FRP reinforcement. FRP composites belong among anisotropic materials. Their properties depend on the type, volume and alignment of the fibres, the matrix type, form and quality of the construction. The analysis of causes of failures on German bridges shows that reinforcement corrosion initiated by chlorides makes up 2/3 of all the failures recorded in the bridge construction. Corrosion of the reinforcement initiated by chlorides is the main cause of the loss of serviceability of bridge structures. In such an environment, fibre-reinforced polymer (FRP) reinforcement can fully replace the traditional steel reinforcement. The paper presents the mechanical properties and durability of different types of the FRP rebar's and their use in construction of bridges. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2016
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
45. Investigating higher Education Students’ Professional Socialisation: a revised framework
- Author
-
Sonnenschein, Katrine, Barker, Michelle, and Hibbins, Ray
- Abstract
ABSTRACTResearch on professional socialisation in higher education has been conducted in nursing, pharmacy, teaching and law, but there is a lack of studies on professional socialisation in tourism and hospitality education. This paper contributes to the body of knowledge by revising the professional socialisation framework ‘Conceptualising Graduate and Professional Student Socialisation’ through the findings of a broader study on the professional socialisation of Chinese international students enrolled in tourism and hospitality degrees at a particular Australian university. The study examined diverse stakeholders’ perceptions of attributes needed by Chinese graduates with Australian university qualifications in tourism and hospitality management entering the Chinese hotel industry. The revised framework, ‘Higher Education Students’ Professional Socialisation Framework’, suggests different processes for enhancing the socialisation and career development of Chinese international students with an Australian tourism and hospitality management degree through work-integrated learning; language learning and communication; teamwork and mentoring; and interactions among different stakeholders. Furthermore, workplace socialisation emphasises mentoring and recognises different approaches to career development. Finally, the revised framework explains how the different stakeholders impact on the professional socialisation of students and graduates. The revised framework, which has a cross-cultural dimension, is generic and can be applied to other fields of study and to both international and domestic students in higher education.
- Published
- 2018
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
46. Gut Microbiota–Dependent Trimethylamine N-Oxide Predicts Risk of Cardiovascular Events in Patients With Stroke and Is Related to Proinflammatory Monocytes
- Author
-
Haghikia, Arash, Li, Xinmin S., Liman, Thomas G., Bledau, Nils, Schmidt, David, Zimmermann, Friederike, Kränkel, Nicolle, Widera, Christian, Sonnenschein, Kristina, Haghikia, Aiden, Weissenborn, Karin, Fraccarollo, Daniela, Heimesaat, Markus M., Bauersachs, Johann, Wang, Zeneng, Zhu, Weifei, Bavendiek, Udo, Hazen, Stanley L., Endres, Matthias, and Landmesser, Ulf
- Abstract
Supplemental Digital Content is available in the text.
- Published
- 2018
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
47. Pretherapeutic 124I dosimetry reliably predicts intratherapeutic blood kinetics of 131I in patients with differentiated thyroid carcinoma receiving high therapeutic activities
- Author
-
Ruhlmann, Marcus, Sonnenschein, Wilfried, Nagarajah, James, Binse, Ina, Herrmann, Ken, and Jentzen, Walter
- Abstract
Supplemental Digital Content is available in the text.
- Published
- 2018
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
48. How to compare cross-lagged associations in a multilevel autoregressive model.
- Author
-
Schuurman, Noémi K., Ferrer, Emilio, de Boer-Sonnenschein, Mieke, and Hamaker, Ellen
- Abstract
By modeling variables over time it is possible to investigate the Granger-causal cross-lagged associations between variables. By comparing the standardized cross-lagged coefficients, the relative strength of these associations can be evaluated in order to determine important driving forces in the dynamic system. The aim of this study was twofold: first, to illustrate the added value of a multilevel multivariate autoregressive modeling approach for investigating these associations over more traditional techniques; and second, to discuss how the coefficients of the multilevel autoregressive model should be standardized for comparing the strength of the cross-lagged associations. The hierarchical structure of multilevel multivariate autoregressive models complicates standardization, because subject-based statistics or group-based statistics can be used to standardize the coefficients, and each method may result in different conclusions. We argue that in order to make a meaningful comparison of the strength of the cross-lagged associations, the coefficients should be standardized within persons. We further illustrate the bivariate multilevel autoregressive model and the standardization of the coefficients, and we show that disregarding individual differences in dynamics can prove misleading, by means of an empirical example on experienced competence and exhaustion in persons diagnosed with burnout. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2016
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
49. Early growth characteristics and the risk of reduced lung function and asthma: A meta-analysis of 25,000 children.
- Author
-
den Dekker, Herman T., Sonnenschein-van der Voort, Agnes M.M., de Jongste, Johan C., Anessi-Maesano, Isabella, Arshad, S. Hasan, Barros, Henrique, Beardsmore, Caroline S., Bisgaard, Hans, Phar, Sofia Correia, Craig, Leone, Devereux, Graham, van der Ent, C. Kors, Esplugues, Ana, Fantini, Maria P., Flexeder, Claudia, Frey, Urs, Forastiere, Francesco, Gehring, Ulrike, Gori, Davide, and van der Gugten, Anne C.
- Abstract
Background Children born preterm or with a small size for gestational age are at increased risk for childhood asthma. Objective We sought to assess the hypothesis that these associations are explained by reduced airway patency. Methods We used individual participant data of 24,938 children from 24 birth cohorts to examine and meta-analyze the associations of gestational age, size for gestational age, and infant weight gain with childhood lung function and asthma (age range, 3.9-19.1 years). Second, we explored whether these lung function outcomes mediated the associations of early growth characteristics with childhood asthma. Results Children born with a younger gestational age had a lower FEV 1 , FEV 1 /forced vital capacity (FVC) ratio, and forced expiratory volume after exhaling 75% of vital capacity (FEF 75 ), whereas those born with a smaller size for gestational age at birth had a lower FEV 1 but higher FEV 1 /FVC ratio ( P < .05). Greater infant weight gain was associated with higher FEV 1 but lower FEV 1 /FVC ratio and FEF 75 in childhood ( P < .05). All associations were present across the full range and independent of other early-life growth characteristics. Preterm birth, low birth weight, and greater infant weight gain were associated with an increased risk of childhood asthma (pooled odds ratio, 1.34 [95% CI, 1.15-1.57], 1.32 [95% CI, 1.07-1.62], and 1.27 [95% CI, 1.21-1.34], respectively). Mediation analyses suggested that FEV 1 , FEV 1 /FVC ratio, and FEF 75 might explain 7% (95% CI, 2% to 10%) to 45% (95% CI, 15% to 81%) of the associations between early growth characteristics and asthma. Conclusions Younger gestational age, smaller size for gestational age, and greater infant weight gain were across the full ranges associated with childhood lung function. These associations explain the risk of childhood asthma to a substantial extent. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2016
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
50. Arrhythmia Termination Versus Elimination of Dormant Pulmonary Vein Conduction as a Procedural End Point of Catheter Ablation for Paroxysmal Atrial Fibrillation: A Prospective Randomized Trial.
- Author
-
Theis, Cathrin, Konrad, Torsten, Mollnau, Hanke, Sonnenschein, Sebastian, Kämpfner, Denise, Potstawa, Maik, Ocete, Blanca Quesada, Bock, Karsten, Himmrich, Ewald, Münze, Thomas, Rostock, Thomas, and Münzel, Thomas
- Subjects
ADENOSINES ,ATRIAL fibrillation ,BIOLOGICAL assay ,CATHETER ablation ,COMPARATIVE studies ,ELECTROCARDIOGRAPHY ,LONGITUDINAL method ,RESEARCH methodology ,MEDICAL cooperation ,MYOCARDIAL depressants ,PULMONARY veins ,RESEARCH ,DISEASE relapse ,EVALUATION research ,RANDOMIZED controlled trials ,TREATMENT effectiveness ,SURGERY - Abstract
Background: Pulmonary vein isolation (PVI) is still associated with a substantial number of arrhythmia recurrences in paroxysmal atrial fibrillation (AF). This prospective, randomized study aimed to compare 2 different procedural strategies.Methods and Results: A total of 152 patients undergoing de novo ablation for paroxysmal AF were randomized to 2 different treatment arms. The procedure in group A consisted of PVI exclusively. In this group, all isolated PVs were challenged with adenosine to reveal and ablate dormant conduction. In group B, PVI was performed with the patient either in spontaneous or in induced AF. If AF did not terminate with PVI, ablation was continued by targeting extra-PV AF sources with the desired procedural end point of termination to sinus rhythm. Primary study end point was freedom from arrhythmia during 1-year follow-up. In group A, adenosine provoked dormant conduction in 31 (41%) patients with a mean of 1.6±0.8 transiently recovered PVs per patient. Termination of AF during PVI was observed in 31 (65%) patients, whereas AF persisted afterward in 17 (35%) patients. AF termination occurred in 13 (76%) patients by AF source ablation. After 1-year follow-up, significantly more group B patients were free of arrhythmia recurrences (87 versus 68%; P=0.006). During redo ablation, the rate of PV reconduction did not differ between both groups (group A: 55% versus group B: 61%; P=0.25).Conclusions: Elimination of extra-PV AF sources after PVI is superior to sole PV isolation with the adjunct of abolishing potential dormant conduction.Clinical Trial Registration: URL: http://www.clinicaltrials.gov. Unique identifier: NCT02238392. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]- Published
- 2015
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
Catalog
Discovery Service for Jio Institute Digital Library
For full access to our library's resources, please sign in.