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A conference paper comparing the governments in the U.S. and Canada is presented. It discusses the desire the U.S. had to become allies with Canada during the War of Independence. It talks about the physical characteristics of the U.S. and Canadian border and how these promote an alliance. The author explains why an alliance with Canada is essential for the U.S.

The article presents information about the comparative approach applied to the study of contemporary Jewry, which adds an important dimension to the research and interpretation of individual Jewish communities. Most present research analyses the local community in the context of its native environment and its adjustment to that environment. With the comparative method, one can explore the common relationship of Jewish communities throughout the world while taking into full account the problems of locus and specific historical configuration. Thus a particular Jewish community can be studied not only in its relation to the environing culture, but also in the total context of the Jewish people. The object of this paper is to delineate, by way of comparison, some of the disparate and common elements in the three major Jewish centers of the western hemisphere, Canada, the United States, and Argentina. The selected disparate element relates to the varying forms of representative organization of the Jewish communities as their respective majority, or host cultures influence them. The common element refers to the nature of individual identification with Jews and Judaism, a problem that is similar in the three communities.

This article presents abstracts of papers presented at the 1964 Annual Meeting of the American Society of Criminology in Montreal, Canada, on December 28-30, 1964. The paper entitled Father-Daughter Incest: Treatment of the Family, reports on the treatment of twenty families with the problem of father-daughter incest where the father did not serve a prison sentence but was placed on probation. The paper entitled Evaluation of Records in Delinquency Research, focuses on the Southern California Records Matching Project which deals with the manner in which the records of delinquency adjudicating agencies at the local level maybe linked with Federal Census Records in order to maximize the efficiency of data collection and analysis. The paper entitled Juvenile Court Judge's Institute, summarized attacks on the Juvenile Court from any quarters, the weaknesses that inspire these attacks, and the crucial role that the Juvenile Court has to play in spearheading the introduction of personalized justice in the administration of the criminal law. The paper entitled A Spectrum of Sexual Problems Found in an Out-Patient Setting, focuses on the Forensic Clinic which was established in 1956. It is an out-patient division of the Toronto Psychiatric Hospital operated by the Ontario Department of Health under provincial statute.

The article presents information about the April 1976 issue of the journal "International Review of Sport Sociology." It reports that "Seminar on the Sociology of Sport" held in Heidelberg on October 3-5, 1975. The subjects dealt with by the Seminar were: The Sociology of Organization of Sport as well as The Social Structure and Socialization Functions of Sport Competitions. The journal's committee has a membership of about 130 people, who could be defined as sociologists of sport, and about 100 are able to send their papers then, half of the members had possibilities to publish their material in the quarterly. The editorial board cannot complain about a lack of material for use in the magazine. The board has now accumulated quite a considerable number of articles for future use. This has its positive as well as negative sides. A positive factor is the greater possibility than so far for a selection of material, but the negative side is that undoubtedly it takes much longer now before an article, sent to the office, is finally used, especially as regards from the United States and Canada, from where the influx of material is actually the biggest.

The article features the developments and problems encountered by the editorial committee of the publication in Canada. It notes that in 1976 the rate of the papers for publication increased, due to financial constraint, the committee decided to limit the size of the journal to an average of 60 pages per issue. The constriction created a small backlog of papers in the early part of 1977 but the number of papers submitted for publication declined suddenly that resulted to the average number of pages per issue to 54. J. Derome served as Editor for the first three issues of Volume 15 and was later replaced by T. R. Oke. The editor's office was transferred from Montreal to Vancouver, Canada.

Copyright of International Review of Sport Sociology is the property of Wydawnictwo Naukowe PWN SA and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

This paper describes the design and implementation of a "pre-structured multi-purpose data base" for information about the Canadian corporate structure. This system includes data on directorship, officership, executive board membership, and ownership ties among approximately 10,000 Canadian and other financial and industrial corporations and about 6,000 organizations (law firms, brokerage houses, public institutions, etc.) with which directors resident in Canada were affiliated. In addition, it contains data on the operating accounts, and standard industrial classification codes, for a large subset of these. Here we summarize its capabilities and analytic uses. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Initiated in 1977 with the conference at Radziejowice near Warsaw, the cooperation of the Canadian and Polish social scientists yielded its successive venture which was a seminar of October 10-13, 1979 held at Saint Hypolite near Montreal in one of the research centres of the University of Montreal. The seminar gathered more than twenty Canadian sociologists representing mainly the French-Canadian areas of Montreal and Quebec but it also assembled some social scientists from the English-Canadian regions of Toronto, Vancouver or New Brunswick. The Polish delegation to the conference consisted of ten participants. The seminar was organized owing to the financial assistance ensured by the government of the Province of Quebec. The seminar discussions, being vivid and generally prolonged well beyond the formal time limits of the sessions, revealed a great interest and good understanding of the specific Polish problems on the part of the Canadian sociologists. They were astonished with the Polish sociologists' active participation in the discussions on their colleagues' papers.

The paper examines present and possible future forms of participation in the lower courts by laypeople. The lower courts are frequently presented as troubled places concern being expressed about court backlog, overload and the resort to plea-bargaining as in Canada and the U.S. and sometimes over allegations about class bias and prejudice as in England and Wales. The aim of the paper is to study the principle and practice of lay participation in the lower courts of western capitalist societies. It also examines some of the conventional and unconventional responses proposed as solutions to the problems of judicial administration in the lower courts. It also draws up an agenda for research in the area of judicial administration and court organization in which the possibilities for extending lay participation may be further explored. The paper also argues the importance of defending and elaborating upon the notion of lay participation in law in contemporary western societies. The main lessons to emerge from the discussion on the principle and practice of lay representation in the lower courts, seems to be first, that existing forms of lay involvement capture perfectly the perennial tension of attempts "to bridge the gap between efficiency and democracy."

Copyright of International Review of Sport Sociology is the property of Wydawnictwo Naukowe PWN SA and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Since the "discovery" of Walter Smith, American art educators quite naturally assume that Smith was the most important or only graduate of the South Kensington System to influence the development of art education in this continent. In fact Smith was only one of a number of South Kensingtonians who carried the system to the far corners of the English-speaking world, particularly to the colonies that were to become Australia, New Zealand, and South Africa, as well as to Canada. This paper examines the career of one such art educator: David Phillip Blair (1850-1925). Just as Smith was influential in three countries (England, the United States, and Canada), Blair, who was born in Scotland, was active in England, New Zealand, and Canada. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Reports on the efficacy of covering education by the news papers in Vancouver, British Columbia and Canada. Newspapers involved in the examination; Effect of the severe budget cuts introduced by the Minister of Education in Vancouver and British Columbia; Mindfulness on education politics by newspaper in all three countries.

Focuses on a research regarding international news photos in the U.S. and Canadian papers. Space allotment provided by Canadian and U.S. newspapers to photographs of international news; Impact of the nature of news photos on space allotment; Similarities and differences on the manner of presenting news photos by the U.S. and Canadian papers.

Copyright of Atmosphere - Ocean (Canadian Meteorological & Oceanographic Society) is the property of Canadian Meteorological & Oceanographic Society and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Atmosphere - Ocean (Canadian Meteorological & Oceanographic Society) is the property of Canadian Meteorological & Oceanographic Society and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

The article authors present their views on a paper on social unrest by social scientist Herbert Blumer. The paper by Herbert examines the role of the swastika emblem in fomenting the virulent antagonism between Canadian Jews and Gentiles which culminated in the Christie Pits riot in the summer of 1933. It focuses specifically on the dramatic event in the development of the riot following the sudden appearance of the swastika symbol along Toronto's eastern beaches and Willowvale Park. Toronto's Jews had been made fully aware by both the English language newspapers and the Yiddish daily of the Nazi persecution of Jews in Germany and of the symbolism of the swastika. They were also aware of overt antisemitic prejudices in Canada but had not considered such manifestations to be a serious threat to their safety or to their very existence, until the swastika was displayed provocatively in Toronto. It discusses the dramatic event of collective disorder which incites and focalizes predispositions, and brings a concrete situation that shocks, arouses, enlivens and shakes Jews in Canada.

This paper has been written within the context of a wider research project on contemporary art in the province of Quebec, Canada, in the 1960s. The article is the result of an interactive process between two researchers who are investigating the relationship between the field of contemporary art and public art education within the theoretical perspective of the social history of art. Our analysis particularly focuses on the consolidation of modernism and the importance of the societal debate on education which, at a precise historical conjuncture, questioned the place and the role of art in society. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Policy & Politics is the property of Policy Press and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Analyzes three newspapers in Toronto, Ontario as to its treatment of the issue of abortion. Newspapers as the agents of the reconfiguration of power; Differences in the bias of the `Globe and Mail', the `Toronto Sun' and `The Toronto Star'; Reluctance theory.

Is poverty necessary in one of the wealthiest and most advanced industrial nations? Whether poverty should be considered a public problem requiring expanded state involvement or a private and individual problem for which the state should accept minimal responsibility? The conservative ideology maintains that the social programs have helped to establish a culture of dependency that has institutionalized permanent poverty. It is believed that government programs to aid the poor encourage dependency and render them less and less capable of self-help, self discipline, and a successful entry into the work force. The belief that the causes of poverty are rooted in failed individuals and families rather than a failed public economy and discriminatory public policy requires a fundamental reexamination of the politics of poverty and the policy related to social services and redistribution of wealth. What is the extent of poverty in major Canadian cities? This paper attempts to examine the ideologies, and policy-programs of governments and the role of nongovernmental organizations in dealing with the problem of poverty in Canadian cities and argues for a major paradigm shift in social policy. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Atmosphere - Ocean (Canadian Meteorological & Oceanographic Society) is the property of Canadian Meteorological & Oceanographic Society and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Atmosphere - Ocean (Canadian Meteorological & Oceanographic Society) is the property of Canadian Meteorological & Oceanographic Society and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)