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An editorial is presented on the release of a white paper by the International Federation of Dental Hygienists (IFDH), summarizing findings from 5 global surveys on oral health conducted between 2019 and 2023. Topics discussed include toothpaste and electric toothbrush recommendations, oral-systemic links, sustainable dentistry, and oral hygiene instruction practices, revealing gaps between evidence-based knowledge and clinical decision making among dental hygienists.

The objective of this paper is to show the added value of using tools such as eyetracking, galvanic skin response, facial coding and others in the field of market research and user experience research. We will present 3 case studies in which these tools have been used successfully. We will give an overview of the background, the objectives, methods and results and how the neuro-tools provided additional insights into consumer behaviour, which would otherwise not have been possible. In this paper we will specifically show cases from packaging design, advertising research and user experience research thus only covering a small part of possible application areas. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

[Display omitted] • Fibre transfer from unconstrained physical assaults involving human subjects. • More fibres transfer in person-person contact than previous data suggests. • Realistic fibre transfer quantities to inform better decision making. • Care must be taken in assigning 'roles' in physical assaults using fibre evidence. • Broad fibre distribution maps evident despite garments stored in paper bags. Knowledge of the number of fibres transferred during a particular activity is essential for the interpretation of findings in similar criminal cases. In this regard, violent contacts and physical assaults still present a challenge, due to a lack of robust published data. Hereby, we present the outcome of an empirical study where different assault activities were simulated by a Jiu Jitsu team and participants were asked to play either the role of an aggressive 'assailant' or a defensive 'victim', wearing cotton garments (i.e., Gi's). Four different scenarios were simulated in replicates (n = 5), each of them involving different intensity levels (low and high) and duration times (30 and 60 s). Results showed that approximately 1,000 to 44,000 fibres were cross-transferred between the participants' garments, with noticeable differences between the different scenarios. These values were significantly larger than those published in previous studies and, therefore, suggested the possibility of a current underestimation of the number of fibres transferred in physical assaults. Furthermore, statistical analysis by ANOVA indicated that the all the variables tested (i.e., intensity level, duration time, and participants role) had a significant effect on the number of transferred fibres (p < 0.001) and, consequently, that some knowledge of the case circumstances may be important to make more educated estimations. This is the first time that such a methodology has been applied for the quantitative assessment of fibre transfer between participants in assault activities. Data are expected to help practitioners with the interpretation of findings in real casework and lead to a more robust evidential assessment. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This discussion paper highlights the importance of Australian nursing and midwifery students' lack of exposure to electronic medical records during their undergraduate programs. There is pressure on universities offering nursing and midwifery programs to provide students with opportunities to learn to use patient electronic medical records. This will provide authentic rehearsal with the digital technology prior to clinical placements and increase graduate work readiness. Informed by contemporary literature, we describe the benefits of implementing electronic medical records (eMR) in health organisations and identify the challenges and barriers to implementing and integrating the education of electronic records into undergraduate nursing and midwifery programs. Undergraduate students who had not experienced eMR as part of on-campus learning felt unprepared and lacked confidence when commencing clinical practice. Some international nursing and midwifery programs have found that student's skills improve in decision-making and documenting patient observations when eMR is integrated into their university education program. Successful integration of an eMR program should consider academic/teaching staff skills and confidence in technology use, initial and ongoing costs and technical support required to deliver the program. In conclusion, Australian universities need to embed eMR learning experiences into the nursing and midwifery undergraduate curricula to increase students work-readiness with a focus on patient safety. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Abstract This conceptual paper provides a brief review of hospitality consumers' information search behavior and the factors that are likely to influence their information search behavior and their utilization and processing of online reviews. This study focuses on the factors such as information overload, confusion, information processing, information presentation format, trust and evaluation mode that has not received much attention from hospitality scholars in addition to discussing the impacts of perceived risk and familiarity on information search and information processing approaches utilized by hospitality consumers. This study also discusses opportunities for hospitality researchers to empirically examine the extent to which each of the factors discussed might influence hospitality consumers information search, information processing and especially their utilization of online reviews in their decision making process. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Fibres & Textiles in Eastern Europe is the property of Sciendo and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Canadian Journal of Dental Hygiene is the property of Canadian Dental Hygienists Association and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Considering only environmental impact or only profit is not enough to manage chemical processes. This study focuses on the optimal scheduling of cutting papers using the multiobjective optimisation programming. Two independent objective functions are introduced in this paper, the production cost and trim loss with the constraints of satisfying the customer orders. The Goal Constrained Programming (GCP) algorithm is created for the multiobjective optimisation with priority. The proposed algorithm takes the deviation for the weighting factor. The GCP provides various optimal schedule sets satisfying the economic and environmental requirements. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Improvement In Shared Decision-Making SDM-Q-9 survey scores with concentric digital consent compared to paper-based consent. P149. [Extracted from the article]

The article explains how second graders built a three-dimensional map and presents an interaction with community members, consumers, and business owners, exploring economic exchange and decision making.

Summary: The Anatomische Gesellschaft (anatomical society, AG) was founded in Germany in 1886 as an international society and remains the main organizing body of German anatomists to this day. A previous study of the history of the AG during National Socialism (NS) was based on the published proceedings of the AG and drew the preliminary conclusion that the “AG did not follow the path of preemptive obedience toward the new rulers” in contrast to some other professional societies. However, it was noted that archival sources were needed to support this conclusion and to illustrate the decision process within the society. Such sources are now available in the estate papers of Alfred Benninghoff, a leading anatomist at the time. His correspondence supports the previous finding that the AG was able to maintain its international character, thereby enabling it to avoid the active exclusion of “non-Aryan” members. The papers also confirm that the AG did not defend its vulnerable members as valiantly as the official narrative suggests, a fact illustrated in a controversy surrounding Martin Heidenhain. The interactions and conflicts between the leaders of the AG can now be reconstructed, i.e. between the secretary of the AG Heinrich von Eggeling, Benninghoff and Hermann Stieve. The Benninghoff documents also refer to a meeting of a subsection of the AG in November 1942, at which a disturbing radicalization of some anatomists developed. Finally, the papers reflect the political realities for German professionals trying to re-establish their science in a country divided into four occupation zones. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective The aims of this quasi-experimental before-and-after study were to first determine whether the use of eye tracking technology combined with video debriefing techniques has the potential to improve the quality of feedback and enhance situation awareness (SA) in simulated settings and second to determine students' satisfaction towards simulated learning. Methods Nursing and paramedicine students from three universities participated in three 8-minute simulation scenarios of acutely deteriorating patients. Eye tracking glasses video recorded the scenarios and tracked right eye movement. On completion, participants were questioned using the Situation Awareness Global Assessment Technique, completed the Satisfaction with Simulation Experience Scale (SSES), and provided textual feedback and received video-based verbal feedback. Results Participants lacked awareness of presenting medical conditions and patient environments and had poor recall of patient vital signs. Significant improvements in SA scores were demonstrated between the first and third scenarios ( P  = 0.04). Participants reported greater insight into their performance and were satisfied with simulated learning. Conclusions Use of visual field review techniques appears to enhance the use of realistic simulated practice as a means of addressing significant performance deficits. Eye tracking and point of view recording techniques are feasible and with applicable debriefing techniques could enhance clinical and situated performance. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Abstract: We propose an intelligent sensor system based on a new sensing methodology, relying also on 3D map reconstruction techniques, for computing with high precision, in real-time and without human intervention the parameters needed for stream-flow computa- tion: water levels, morphology of the streams of all potentially flooded areas by each controlled stream. The collected data will be continuously transmitted, through a communication infrastructure, to software agents designed to compute the stream-flow and to quantify the spatial distribution of flood risk for each controlled watershed. The computed risks, together with other data coming from other sources (barometric sensors, camera operators of public organizations, emergency agencies, private citizens), will be analyzed by a diagnostic decision system implementing a risk-alert scheduling strategy. This system will be able to diagnose the health state of the controlled environment and to define specialized alarm levels for each potentially interested area that will be used to alert all citizens (ubiquity) locally present (alerting locality). [Copyright &y& Elsevier]

Digital twins have emerged as novel technology in the wind energy sector that enables the design, monitoring and prediction of wind turbine performance. Despite growing attention on their potential, little is known about how digital twins are designed, by whom and how their design choices affect multiple aspects of decision making in the development of wind energy. Using a framework of co-production, this paper examines digital twins as boundary objects and the role of twinning as boundary work that involves an active process of design and affects multiple aspects of decision making in the development of wind energy. Our results demonstrate how the design of digital twins evolves throughout the twinning process, affected by regulation, choices of expert twinners on data and models, and what constitutes a matter of concern. We shed light on the role of these twinners in influencing which actors and their matters of concern are included and excluded during the twinning process. Our understanding of twinning as an active process of governance by design more clearly reveals how digital twins are not objective representations of reality, but a function of boundary work. We conclude that more transparency is needed over how digital twins are designed to enhance their role as technologies that foster a transition towards more sustainable energy systems and decision-making over wind energy technologies and their integration in landscapes. • There is limited understanding of how digital twins are designed • We focus on wind energy and 'twinning' as an act of governance • We unpack twinning as boundary work and digital twins as boundary objects • Twinning involves choices about data, models, concerns and regulation • Priorities and focus in twinning may steer wind energy transitions [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The author presents her observations on the improvements in the research papers of her students as they used the PaperToolsPro, a software that helps prevent plagiarism and enhances learning. Her program which aims to prevent plagiarism assisted her students during the research process from brainstorming, bibliography, analysis and synthesis of topics. The software centralizes the research process by streamlining the ability of students to organize their information and allowing them to monitor their own work. It also enabled them to translate, paraphrase or summarize the original text into their own words. She also observed the depth of understanding demonstrated by her students' research papers.

Abstract: Bibliometric studies at the micro level are increasingly requested by science managers and policy makers to support research decisions. Different measures and indices have been developed at this level of analysis. One type of indices, such as the h-index and g-index, describe the most productive core of the output of a researcher and inform about the number of papers in the core. Other indices, such as the a-index and m-index, depict the impact of the papers in the core. In this paper, we present a new index which relates two different dimensions in a researcher’s productive core: a quantitative one (number of papers) and a qualitative one (impact of papers). In such a way, we could obtain a more balanced and global view of the scientific production of researchers. This new index, called -index, is based on the geometric mean of h-index and the median number of citations received by papers in the h-core, i.e., the m-index, which allows us to combine the advantages of both kind of indices. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]

The article focuses on the ethics of public administration. It is stated that public administration ethics relate to complex decision-making; and administration ethics and political judgment is important for the legislative and jurisdictional powers. It is mentioned that public administration ethics faces some serious challenges, including the global economic and financial crisis; global crisis of corruption and bribery; and global crisis of the public institutions in civil society.

The complexity and inter-connectedness of operating in a global world for drug product supply has become an undeniable reality, further underscored by the COVID-19 pandemic. For Post-Approval Changes (PACs) that are an inevitable part of a product's commercial life, the impact of the growing global regulatory complexity and related drug shortages has brought the GlobalPACManagement System to an inflection point in particular for companies that have their products marketed in many countries. This paper illustrates through data analyzed for the first time from 145,000 + PACs for 156 countries, collected by 18 global pharma companies over a 3-year period (2019–2021), how severe the problem of global regulatory complexity is. Only PACs requiring national regulatory agency (NRA) approval prior to implementation were included in the data set. 1 of the 156 country NRAs approved all submitted PACs within a period of 6 months. The 6-month timeline was chosen because it is the recommended review timeline for major changes in the WHO guidance for vaccines and biotherapeutic products. 10 out of the 156 (6%) countries had no more than 10% of the PACs reviewed and approved in > 6 months. In 33 (22%) countries more than half of the PACs took > 6 months for approval. It is rare that the same PAC is approved globally within 6 months as individual NRAs take from a few months to years (in some cases > 5 years) for their review. The global PAC management complexity has steadily grown over the past 20 years. Attempts thus far to solve this problem have not made any meaningful difference. Senior leaders and decision-makers across the interdependent components of the complex Global PAC Management System (industry and regulators) must come together and collaboratively manage the problem holistically with the objective of ensuring global drug product availability instead of continuing with distinct stakeholder or country-focused solutions, which can tend to worsen the problem. In this paper, the Chief Quality Officers (CQOs) from 18 of the largest innovator pharma companies (see Acknowledgements) are speaking with One-Voice-of-Quality for PACs (1VQ for PACs Initiative). They are recommending a set of 8 approaches to activate a holistic transformation of the Global PAC Management System. This article presents their view on the problem of global regulatory complexity for managing PACs, it's impact on continual improvement and the risk to drug product supply, as well as approaches that can help alleviate the problem. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The T-spherical fuzzy set (T-SFS) has been widely used in multi-attribute decision-making (MADM) problems due to its powerful expression ability for uncertain information. The evidential reasoning (ER) method can avoid the information loss when aggregating the evaluation values of an alternative with regard to all attributes, which can prevent the decision result from being dominated by extreme evaluation values. Considering the significant advantage of the ER method in information aggregation, this paper develops a new aggregation model assimilating the T-SFSs and the ER method, which is called evidential T-spherical fuzzy MADM (ET-SFMADM). The ET-SFMADM can prevent information loss in the decision process, so as to obtain a correct ranking of the alternatives. Furthermore, this paper also proposes a T-spherical fuzzy cross entropy (T-SFCE) to determine the weights of attributes, which can reduce dependence on decision-makers. Finally, the viability of the ET-SFMADM is illustrated through a numerical example for the implementation effect of the hierarchical medical treatment system in different regions, and further the sensitivity analysis and comparison analysis with existing MADM methods are carried out to demonstrate the advantages of the proposed method. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The probabilistic linguistic term sets (PLTSs) are very powerful in solving the multi-criteria decision-making (MCDM) problems. The previous comparison methods associated with PLTSs are finite and unreasonable. Hence, developing a more effective way to compare PLTSs and proposing a reasonable decision-making method to cope with MCDM problems are important work of this paper. Firstly, a new possibility degree is proposed and a visual comparison method is given to present the process of comparing PLTSs. Subsequently, a similarity measure for PLTSs is also proposed to make up for the lack of similarity measure. Combining the new comparison method with the similarity measure, the TOPSIS is extended to solve real-life problems under probabilistic linguistic environment. Finally, a numerical example considers the selection of public opinion monitoring systems and the comparative analyses are shown to illustrate the effectiveness of the proposed method. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In the rapidly evolving field of Artificial Intelligence (AI), its application in industrial settings, particularly for anomaly detection in time series data, poses unique challenges. Current methods often lack a comprehensive understanding of the trade-offs involved in achieving optimal model performance, data preparation effort, and prediction quality. To bridge this gap, this paper presents an adaptive approach to address these challenges, focusing on making conscious decisions about mentioned trade-offs. Inspired by the principles of the Iron Triangle from product engineering, our methodology introduces a novel "AI triangle" with dimensions of Speed, Effort, and Quality. We applied this methodology to a real-world case study involving anomaly detection in a constrained hardware environment in the context of a forming production process. The results highlight the effectiveness of our approach in achieving a practical balance between speed, effort, and quality constraints for implementing AI in an industrial setting. This paper provides valuable insights into the considerations and trade-offs necessary for the successful deployment of AI in manufacturing and other similar industrial applications. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

There are security risks in interaction and communication using wireless mobile networks, and network security situation prediction technology is to predict the next development trend with the previous and current network status, which can grasp the wireless mobile networks security status in time and make decisions in advance to avoid attacks. This paper proposes an Improved Particle Swarm Optimization Attention Bi-directional Long Short-Term Memory (IPSO-ABiLSTM) model for network security situation prediction. First, we construct the real situation values of the raw UNSW-NB15 dataset from the perspective of the impact of the attack on the situation indicator system, the sliding window method was introduced to reconstruct the situation values of the data set obtained by computing the data used for prediction. Secondly, the traditional PSO algorithm has the shortage of unbalanced search speed and tends to get local optimal solutions. The IPSO algorithm in this paper makes the global and local search ability of the algorithm more balanced and converges faster. Finally, the IPSO-ABiLSTM model is used to implement the situation prediction in different sliding window sizes. The experimental results show that the IPSO-ABiLSTM of this paper fits up to 0.9922, which verifies the effectiveness of the model proposed in this paper in the network situation prediction problem. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

To investigate the rate of registered protocols published as research papers as a measure of publication bias, and the concordance rates of the primary outcomes between research protocol and published papers as a measure of selective outcome reporting bias in randomized controlled trials (RCTs) related to rehabilitation. Protocols related to RCTs were extracted from electronic databases, the University Hospital Medical Information Network (UMIN), International Standard Research Clinical Trial Number (ISRCTN), ClinicalTrials.gov, and MEDLINE. Published papers were retrieved from MEDLINE. The inclusion criteria were as follows: (1) initial registration (UMIN, ISRCTN, ClinicalTrials.gov) within the designated period; (2) published as a paper from a research protocol in MEDLINE (PubMed); and (3) written in English or Japanese. The search period was from January 1, 2013, to December 31, 2020. The outcome of this study was set as the rate of published papers that were consistent with the extracted research protocol and the concordance rate between the primary outcomes in published papers and in protocols. The concordance rate of the primary outcomes was evaluated by checking whether the description in the research protocol matched that in the paper's abstract and main text. Out of the 5597 research protocols registered, only 727 were published (13.0%). The concordance rates of the primary outcomes were 48.7% and 72.6% in the abstract and main text, respectively. This study revealed major discrepancies between the number of research protocols and published papers, and difference of description regarding the primary outcomes in published papers which were already defined in the research protocols. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The interest of entrepreneurial competencies has increased in the academic world, yet little has been done to review how these are taught. This paper aims to review how entrepreneurial competencies interventions are delivered to undergraduate students and to shed light on the current gap between these interventions and what is proposed in entrepreneurial competencies frameworks. Therefore, decision-making and other entrepreneurial competencies delivered in undergraduate education are reviewed. A systematic literature review was conducted to detect papers reporting decision-making interventions; 15 peer-reviewed journal articles published between 2016 and 2022 are included in this review. Results indicate that, in most cases, current decision-making interventions in undergraduate education are not lined up with entrepreneurial competencies frameworks. Few papers report enhancing decision-making in students whereas the others report improving other competencies such as self-awareness. It is shown that interventions with "through" learning objectives and its teaching methods provide the greatest opportunities for undergraduates to develop decision making competence; that is the knowledge, attitudes, and skills to grapple uncertainty, ambiguity, and risk. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The COVID-19 pandemic has been one of the most severe disruptions to normal life, impacting how businesses operate. The academic literature in the areas of supply chain and operations management has been trying to explain how this has affected decision-making in businesses. However, the existing literature has predominantly overlooked organisational culture and behavioural economic theories. This paper contends that considering the decisions made in supply chain disruption management involve groups and the individuals within them, the relevance of behavioural economic concepts becomes paramount. As such, the objective of this paper is to conduct an integrative literature review, utilising the purposive sampling method to explore the dearth of academic work connecting behavioural economic theories and organisational culture to supply chain disruption management. Additionally, the paper aims to offer guidelines for future research in this domain. Enhancing our comprehension of these domains concerning supply chain disruption management would empower firms to better anticipate their parties' decisions, refine their decision-making models, and cultivate stronger relationships with suppliers and customers. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper critically examines the relationship between women's labor force participation (LFP) and empowerment, particularly in the Global South, utilizing Naila Kabeer's empowerment framework. By challenging the orthodox conceptualization of LFP, the study reveals its methodological limitations as a measure of women's economic engagement. By emphasizing the dynamic nature of empowerment as a multifaceted process within the formal and informal sector, this paper highlights the interplay of agency, resources, and achievements within Kabeer's framework. Drawing from global examples, it demonstrates the varied impacts of paid work on women's decision-making in both private and public spheres. While acknowledging the potential of LFP to enhance women's empowerment, the paper underscores the significance of contextual factors in shaping this relationship. By shedding light on the complexities and nuances of women's labor and empowerment, the study offers valuable insights for policymakers and researchers striving for gender equality and women's empowerment worldwide. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article presents abstracts of papers published in the January 1, 1981 issue of the journal Philippine Sociological Review. The paper "Some Notes on the Masagana 99 Program and Small Farmer Access to Credit," by Emmanuel Esguerra focuses on the accessibility of credit to small farmers as a performance indicator of the Masagana 99 program. Its main argument is that the logic of profit maximization dictates that credit agencies are generally adverse to high risk lending. The paper "Power Dynamics of Rural Families: The Case of a Samar Barrio," by Mina E. Contado investigates the power structure of rural families by looking at patterns of decision-making, authority, influence, and task role allocation. The paper "The Socioeconomic Aspects of Developmental Infrastructure: Two Aspects From a Project in the Southern Philippines," by Francis C. Madigan addresses the effects of rural electrification in isolation from other elements of a developmental package and finds a positive association between electrification and median income, and between electrification and non-farm employment.

The article presents abstracts on evidence based library and information practice (EBLIP) which include "Using rubrics to collect evidence for decision-making: What do librarians need to learn?," "The neglected voice: Is there a role for qualitative systematic reviews in EBLIP?," and "Information skills training in health libraries: Are we any nearer the evidence?"

The main aim of this paper is to present a new multi-attribute decision-making (MADM) approach for solving the problems under the uncertain and complex environment. The key challenges during any MADM problem are how to quantify the objective uncertainty information in the data and how to aggregate such collective information. To answer this, in this paper, we utilize the concept of the bipolar fuzzy information to mark the information in terms of the positive and negative support. To aggregate this different information, we propose some power aggregation operators based on the Aczel-Alsina operators (AAO). The AAOs are the generalized t-norm based operations with an additional parameter to analyze the influence of the expert preferences. Based on these AAO and bipolar fuzzy information, we stated bipolar fuzzy AA power weighted averaging and geometric operators and investigate their features. Later, based on these operators, we establish a MADM algorithm to solve the decision-making problems. The applicability of the stated algorithm is demonstrated through a case study related to quantum computing. The comparative studies and advantages of the study are also analyzed with the various prevailing theories. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Agriculture plays an important role in the economy of any country. Approximately half of the population of developing countries is directly or indirectly connected to the agriculture field. Many farmers do not choose the right crop for cultivation depending on their soil type, crop type, and climatic requirements like rainfall. This wrong decision of crop selection directly affects the production of the crops which leads to yield and economic loss in the country. Many parameters should be observed such as soil characteristics, type of crop, and environmental factors for the cultivation of the right crop. Manual decision-making is time-taking and requires extensive experience. Therefore, there should be an automated system for the right crop recommendation to reduce human efforts and loss. An automated crop recommender system should take these parameters as input and suggest the farmer's right crop. Therefore, in this paper, a long short-termmemory Network with an attention block has been proposed. The proposed model contains 27 layers, the first of which is a feature input layer. There exist 25 hidden layers between them, and an output layer completes the structure. Through these levels, the proposed model enables a successful recommendation of the crop. Additionally, the dropout layer's regularization properties aids in reduction of overfitting of the model. In this paper, a customized novel long short-term memory (LSTM) model is proposed with a residual attention block that recommends the right crop to farmers. Evaluation metrics used for the proposed model include f1-score, recall, precision, and accuracy attaining values as 95.69%, 96.56%, 96.9%, and 97.26% respectively. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Asthma is the most common chronic disease in children. Asthma is a heterogeneous disease characterized by variable, reversible airway obstruction and hyper-responsive airways. There is a high economic burden due to a child having poorly controlled asthma with one or more asthma exacerbations resulting in an emergency department visit or hospitalization in a year. Publications on diagnosis, treatment, and management of pediatric asthma are ongoing with over 2,549 papers published from January--November 2022. The intent of this paper is to summarize 8 key topics that have prompted discussions with local, regional, and national asthma experts due to a shift in clinical practice or lessons learned from the recent pandemic that may have future application. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

While the ICH E9(R1) Addendum on "Estimands and Sensitivity Analysis in Clinical Trials" was released in late 2019, the widespread implementation of defining and reporting estimands across clinical trials is still in progress and the engagement of non-statistical functions in this process is also in progress. Case studies are sought after, especially those with documented clinical and regulatory feedback. This paper describes an interdisciplinary process for implementing the estimand framework, devised by the Estimands and Missing Data Working Group (a group with clinical, statistical, and regulatory representation) of the International Society for CNS Clinical Trials and Methodology. This process is illustrated by specific examples using various types of hypothetical trials evaluating a treatment for major depressive disorder. Each of the estimand examples follows the same template and features all steps of the proposed process, including identifying the trial stakeholder(s), the decisions they need to make about the investigated treatment in their specific role and the questions that would support their decision making. Each of the five strategies for handling intercurrent events are addressed in at least one example; the featured endpoints are also diverse, including continuous, binary and time to event. Several examples are presented that include specifications for a potential trial design, key trial implementation elements needed to address the estimand, and main and sensitivity estimator specifications. Ultimately this paper highlights the need to incorporate multi-disciplinary collaborations into implementing the ICH E9(R1) framework. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Intuitionistic fuzzy measures have been widely used in multi-attribute decision-making. However, in the complex decision-making process, only a few distance measures take individual tendencies into account. In this paper, we propose an intuitionistic fuzzy distance measure based on the tendency of decision makers, and give a novel emergency decision-making method using the distance. Firstly, according to the function transformation, we construct a novel distance measure that includes different tendency coefficients of intuitionistic indexes. These indexes are the membership, non-membership and hesitancy of the intuitionistic fuzzy set. Secondly, the proposed distance has been proved that it satisfies the axiomatic characteristics of distance measure. Then using a few examples to illustrate the novel distance in pattern recognition and fuzzy multi-attribute decision-making, while could adapt to decision-making problems more flexible by adjusting tendency coefficients of each intuitionistic index. Finally, applying the proposed distance measure to a real case of online public opinion in the proposed emergency decision-making in this paper, compared with other methods, our distance measure shows more reasonable, effective and superior results in the decision model. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This review guides prospective authors through the necessary steps to submit a paper to a scientific journal. The journey to publication begins with selecting a journal to submit the manuscript. Considerations when choosing a journal include appropriateness, determining whether a given journal is an ethical and high-quality publication, measurements of journal ranking or impact, and other factors such as associated author costs or high rejection rates. The importance of reading and following the author guidelines is highlighted because they outline the journal's overarching editorial policies and scope of publication, and provide journal-specific instructions for manuscript preparation. Strategies for successful submission as well as common pitfalls to avoid are shared, with specific tips applicable to submitting a paper to RESPIRATORY CARE. Finally, insights into what the editor wants may guide authors as they seek publication. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) maintains a fine balance between scientific credibility and policy-relevance. The IPCC's review process plays an important role in ensuring that this takes place. This paper looks at the review process of the Summary for Policymakers of the Special Report on Global Warming of 1.5 Degrees (SR15) published in 2018. We apply a framework for the making of policy-relevant knowledge – that of salience, legitimacy, and credibility – to investigate the acts of knowledge selection, and conflicts over what constitutes policy-relevant knowledge on climate change. We find that knowledge is shaped through discussions surrounding the themes of scope, communication, framing, and IPCC procedures and evidence, and that these themes were articulated in different ways in relation to salience, credibility and legitimacy. Our analysis shows how the practices of salience, legitimacy and credibility interact with each other in the making of policy-relevant knowledge. In particular we see that a focus on credibility and salience, whilst central may take place at the expense of legitimacy. Overall we see that this interplay in the review was important in shaping the story of the SR15, and the knowledge that gets included in the final SPM. • This paper explores the role of review in the IPCC 1.5 degrees Special Report. • The practices of salience, legitimacy and credibility shape the story the report tells. • Decisions made referring to scope, communication, framing, IPCC procedure/evidence. • Reviewers and authors play role in shaping report, but authors maintain final choice. • Choices made considering salience and credibility are common, at expense of legitimacy. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The paper discusses the institutional factors that influence the development of think tanks in different political systems, with a focus on Russia and Turkey. It identifies various institutional factors such as the structure of the decision-making process, the type of regime, bureaucratic structure, level of democratization, approach of decision-makers, presence of pluralism, effectiveness of political parties, strength of foundations, legal norms, state of civil society, presence of an open public debate culture, and autonomy of the business world that influence the operation of think tanks. The study examines the similarities and differences between the institutional environment of Russia and Turkey, provides examples of how political and institutional factors in different periods in Turkey and Russia have had a facilitating or complicating effect on the establishment and development of think tanks. This paper contributes to the literature by highlighting the importance of institutional factors in the formation, development, role, and structure of think tanks. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Graphical abstract Abstract Biobased chemistry has gained interest and has the potential to tackle some of the sustainability challenges the chemical industry must endure. Sustainability impacts need to be evaluated and monitored to highlight the advantages and pitfalls of different biobased routes over the entire product life cycle. This study aims for expert consensus concerning indicators needed and preferred for sustainability analysis of biobased chemicals in Europe. Experts are consulted by means of a Delphi method with stakeholders selected from three core groups: the private, public and academic sector. Best-Worst Scaling (BWS) is performed to gather data on the prioritization of the sustainability indicators per respondent. Afterwards, Multi-Criteria Decision Analysis (MCDA) is used to develop a consensus ranking among the experts. The results show that GHG emissions , market potential and acceptance of biobased materials are deemed the most crucial indicators for respectively environmental, economic and social sustainability. Expert consensus is positive in all three sustainability domains, with the strongest consensus measured for environmental sustainability showing a median Kendall's τ of 0.63 (τ ranging from -1 to 1) and the weakest consensus found within social sustainability showing a median Kendall's τ of 0.50. Further research can apply the ranked indicators on specific case studies to evaluate the practicability of the defined indicator set. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Intelligent computing has distinct cognitive characteristics, especially when dealing with some multi-attribute group decision-making questions, it is regarded as a human behavior based on cognition. Pythagorean fuzzy set (PFS) is not only an extension of intuitionistic fuzzy set (IFS), but also can handle some fuzzy decision-making problems of multi-attribute information on a larger scale, especially some new methods have been rapidly spread and developed in decision-making science. In this paper, some defects in the existing ranking criteria for Pythagorean fuzzy numbers (PFNs) were pointed out through some counterexamples, the main reasons of these flaws are analyzed, so that all IFNs are unified into PFNs space through coordinate transformation. Secondly, a novel improved score formula and ranking method are proposed by the residual sector area (RSA) and hesitancy degree of PFNs in a geometric background, and the rationality of this ranking criterion is further demonstrated through rigorous mathematical methods, and then the fundamental properties of the score function are discussed. Finally, the superiority of the novel score function was interpreted through comparison and analysis with other existing seven score formulas, and the new score formula was applied to multi-attribute group decision-making problems through an example, and the superiority of the novel method was fully displayed. In fact, the proposed method achieves a perfect ranking of all PFNs, especially for the equivalent PFNs, it can be achieved precise comparison or ranking, which overcomes some flaws of other methods, and ending the confusion caused by the independent ranking of IFNs and PFNs. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this paper, I take an ecopoetic standpoint by attending to those practices that distinguish between dirt and backdirt on field sites. Fabricating this distinction features ongoing and intermittent speculation of dirt/backdirt on a continuum of archaeological value. Rather than positioning this distinction as external to the field site, it is rather a matter of being exposed to the site and exposing it in one and the same movement. A necessary quality of staying with the indeterminacy of this ecopoetic dimension of decision-making includes an embodied wit in contrast to a brainy rationality. Excavating with embodied wit implicates the relational interplay between exposing the landscape through excavating it and yielding to the excavation in the process. The field site is then made knowable by how the touching power of both excavators and field site threads the archaeologically imagined and material worlds. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Informatica (03505596) is the property of Slovene Society Informatika and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Driving styles summarize different driving behaviors that reflect in the movements of the vehicles. These behaviors may indicate a tendency to perform riskier maneuvers, consume more fuel or energy, break traffic rules, or drive carefully. Therefore, this paper presents a driving style recognition using Interval Type-2 Fuzzy Inference System with Multiple Experts Decision-Making for classifying drivers into calm, moderate and aggressive. This system receives as input features longitudinal and lateral kinematic parameters of the vehicle motion. The proposed approach was evaluated using descriptive statistics analysis, and compared with clustering algorithms and a type-1 fuzzy inference system. The results show the tendency to associate lower and consistent kinematic profiles for the driving styles classified with the type-2 fuzzy inference system when compared to other algorithms. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

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The quality of assessment tools and the inferences drawn from the results to inform decisions in the classroom are usually measured using reliability and validity. These psychometric principles have been criticised for their inapplicability to classroom assessment, resulting in a parallel set of 'classroometric' principles. However, the use of two parallel principles widens the perceived dichotomy between formative and summative assessments. To overcome this dichotomy and ensure consistency of teachers' decision-making, the concept of trustworthiness, drawn from qualitative research methodology, is increasingly being adopted, but it is under-theorised. We used a scoping technique to explore how this concept has been used in the assessment literature since it was first introduced in 1993. We accessed journal articles from four databases using combinations of search terms, resulting to 1,872 papers. Upon removal of duplicates and application of exclusion criteria, 27 papers remain relevant for full analysis. Our analysis expands Lincoln and Guba's (1985) four criteria of qualitative research (credibility, transferability, dependability and confirmability) to include authenticity, rigour, fairness, equity, consistency, defensibility, accuracy, and adequacy and appropriateness of data. We develop a framework and a working definition for understanding trustworthiness in the context of assessment. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper presents a multi-objective mathematical model to optimize and harmonize a supply chain in order to reduce costs, improve quality, and gain a competitive advantage and position using meta-heuristic algorithms. The purpose of optimization in this field is to enhance both quality and customer satisfaction and reduce the production time and related prices. The present research simultaneously optimized the supply chain in the multi-product and multi-period modes. The presented mathematical model was first validated. The parameters of the proposed algorithm were then adjusted to solve the model using Multi-Objective Simulated Annealing (MOSA) algorithm. To validate the performance of the designed algorithm, some examples were solved based on General Algebraic Modeling System (GAMS). The MOSA algorithm achieved average errors of %0.3, %1.7, and %0.7 for the first, second, and third objective functions, respectively, in the average less than one minute. The average time to solve was 1847 seconds for the GAMS software; however, the GAMS failed to reach an optimal solution for large problems in a reasonable computational time. The average error of the designed algorithm was less than 2% for each of the three objectives under study. These show the effectiveness of the MOSA algorithm in solving the problem introduced in this paper. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]