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Although developing countries have established scores of new protected areas over the past three decades, they often amount to little more than “paper parks” that are chronically short of the financial, human, and technical resources needed for effective management. It is not clear whether and how severely under-resourced parks affect deforestation. In principle, they could either stem it by, for example, creating an expectation of future enforcement, or they could spur it by, for example, creating open access regimes. We examine the effect of Mexico's natural protected areas (NPAs) on deforestation from 1993 to 2000, a period when forest clearing was rampant and the vast majority of protected areas had negligible resources or management. We use high-resolution satellite data to measure deforestation and (covariate and propensity score) matching to control for NPAs’ nonrandom siting and for spillovers. Our broad finding is that Mexico's paper parks had heterogeneous effects both inside and outside their borders. More specifically, at the national-level, we cannot reject the null hypothesis that NPAs had zero average effect on clearing inside their borders, nor can we reject a similar hypothesis for spillover clearing outside their borders. However, we can detect statistically and economically significant inside- and outside-NPA effects for certain geographic regions. Moreover, these effects have different signs depending on the region. Finally, we find that NPAs with certain characteristics were more effective at stemming deforestation inside their borders, namely, those that were large, new, mixed use, and relatively well-funded. Taken together, these results suggest that paper parks have the potential to either reduce or exacerbate tropical deforestation and highlight the need for further research on the conditions that lead to each outcome. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article discusses the role of women in the development of the printing industry from the 16th to the 19th centuries, focusing on their work in Spain and Mexico. Particular focus is given to the series of exhibitions “Las otras letras: mujeres impresoras en el mundo del libro antiguo,” featuring old books printed by women. A series of profiles of Spanish and Mexican women printers is offered, including Isabel de Basilea, Jerónima Galés, and Brígida Maldonado.

Copyright of Contaduría y Administración is the property of Facultad de Contaduria y Administracion-Universidad Nacional Autonoma de Mexico and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

This paper assesses the relationship between the distance between the cemento-enamel junction and alveolar crest and risk factors commonly associated with periodontitis. Eighty individuals between 28 and 92 years old with known biological sex and age were analyzed from a 20th century forensic human collection from Merida, Yucatan (Mexico). Macroscopic assessment, along with metric analysis, was employed using a probe. Ante-mortem tooth loss was positively correlated with the distance between the cemento-enamel junction and alveolar crest, as was the presence of root calculus in females. Cemento-enamel junction to alveolar crest distance is not a reliable indicator of periodontitis since it is not directly related to periodontitis-causing infectious pathogens, and since ante-mortem tooth loss can affect root exposure. This study demonstrates that a purely quantitative approach to diagnosing periodontitis in archaeological and forensic human remains can be misleading. The skeletal collection is only representative of the low socioeconomic class of Merida, and its female cohort is underrepresented. In addition, because the Xoclan collection is modern, limitations (particularly with respect to tooth wear) of the applicability of these interpretations to older archaeological remains exist. A combination of quantitative and qualitative characteristics of alveolar bone is needed to reliably diagnose periodontitis in skeletal populations. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Galician Journal of Economics / Revista Galega de Economía is the property of Universidad de Santiago de Compostela, Servicio de Publicaciones and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of URVIO - Revista Latinoamericana de Seguridad Ciudadana is the property of FLACSO - Ecuador (Facultad Latinoamericana de Ciencias Sociales) and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

The Global South has been largely excluded from equestrian sport and leisure debates. In particular, the equestrian experiences of children in developing countries have remained silent since most of the studies on equestrian sport and leisure have focused on the experiences of adults in the Global North. Despite the fact that equestrian sport and leisure are part of children's practices in countries of the Global South, very little is known about the benefits of equestrian sport and leisure in early childhood education in developing countries. This research explores the contribution of equestrian sport and leisure to children's informal learning. From an ethnographic approach to children's equestrian practice in Mexico, the study reveals that equestrian sport and leisure contribute to developing socialization, teamwork, discipline, and interspecies communication skills in children. This paper contributes to incorporating countries from the Global South into the global debates on equestrian sport in general, and on children in sport and leisure in particular. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Biomédica: Revista del Instituto Nacional de Salud is the property of Instituto Nacional de Salud of Colombia and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Investigación Económica is the property of Universidad Nacional Autonoma de Mexico, Facultad de Economia and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

This paper employs the Bai-Perron (BP) approach to perform a time series analysis of two measures of competitive balance (CB) in the unexplored area of the Mexican football league. A significant break point where CB experienced a substantial reduction is found. The time of the break point coincides with a modification of the league's regulations, which implemented two short tournaments instead of a single annual season to increase the revenue by doubling the final playoff games. This paper also establishes a first periodisation of the league's evolution, from its professionalisation in 1943 to 2015, on the basis of key historical events. In defence of the invariance principle, elements of collusion do not seem to have repercussions in CB. Nevertheless, the findings support the argument regarding the potential of significant regulatory changes to affect competitive equilibrium in sports contests. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Medunarodni Problemi is the property of Institute of International Politics & Economics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Based on a recently published historical crime database that shows an unequivocal reduction of homicides in Mexico from the 1950s up until 2005, this paper aims to examine the effect of development policies on homicide reduction in 20th century Mexico. This research presents a panel regression of homicide rates in all 32 Mexican states from 1950 to 2005. Our research shows that the increase in schooling years in Mexico is correlated with the decline in homicide rates. This decline happened despite inverse pressure from social disorganisation caused by unequal economic growth and youth bulges during the period examined. Consequently, the paper shows that sustained development policies can be a pacifying mechanism in a country that has experienced accelerated urban growth and other structural problems associated with crime since the beginning of the century. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In recent years, studies on gender inequality have increased because of the 1995 World Conference on Women, which aimed to increase women's participation in decision-making and exercising power. This paper investigates this research question: How does participation by gender on corporate boards and in directorships impact the rest of the decision-making positions? We conducted this study to give evidence of the gender inequality that exists on boards of directors and within leadership positions in Mexico with the aim of proposing strategies to remedy this situation. The hypothesis is that if men make up the majority of corporate boards and directorships, the difficulty for women to attain these positions increases. This exploratory study originates from the 2019 report Women in the Boardroom: A Global Perspective and analyzes reports of 29 companies listed on the Mexican Stock Exchange, including financial services, media technology, telecommunications, consumer products, industry, energy, and health sectors. The results show that in the countries studied, including Mexico, the predominance of men in directorships and corporate boardrooms prevails. We highlight that in countries where women have been included in decision-making positions, the presence of women in functional directorship positions is increasingly common. Although in Mexico a movement to demand the constitutional right to equality was followed by the establishment of positive measures in favor of women, the initiative to set gender quotas as a fair practice in forming corporate boards and filling directorship positions has not taken hold. This has motivated us to argue for a norm in favor of equality in the positions of directors and board members. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of H-Industria: Revista de Historia de la Industria Argentina y Latinoamericana is the property of H-Industria, Revista de Historia de la Industria Argentina y Latinoamericana and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Estudios Demográficos y Urbanos is the property of El Colegio de Mexico AC and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Estudios Demográficos y Urbanos is the property of El Colegio de Mexico AC and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

The exploitation of limited energy resources can generate socio-economic inequalities calling for a combination of justice with the socio-technical study of modern energy systems to advance its understanding and remediation. Within this context, this paper uses energy justice and econophysics as theoretical and methodological frameworks to discuss issues of energy poverty in Mexico. The results emerging from this research illustrate that, according to data from 2014, around 61 % of Mexican households suffered from energy poverty due to issues of accessibility or affordability of modern energy services and fuels (with 11.54 % of households facing both types of energy poverty). This paper provides a novel approach that combines advanced quantitative methods based on econophysics, with conceptual frameworks from social sciences like energy justice to discuss issues of energy poverty in Mexico. Furthermore, this research performs an approximation to energy consumption in Mexican households based on monetary expenditure, the heat value of fuels and unit prices during 2014. These methods contribute to the understanding and characterisation of household energy needs and energy consumption in Mexico, reducing the existing gap in the academic literature on the analysis and critical thinking of energy poverty in Global South contexts (specifically in Latin America). • Energy poverty in Mexico is analysed based on metrics of affordability and accessibility. • 38.84% of Mexican households suffered energy poverty by accessibility, 34% to affordability, and 11.54% suffered both. • Econophysics and energy justice are demonstrated as valuable methodological and conceptual tools to examine energy poverty. • This study demonstrates the need to consider transport as a core energy service for future energy poverty studies. • Although quantitative methods are crucial to understanding energy poverty, complementary qualitative studies are needed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper describes some of the factors that contribute to food insecurity among the growing populations of migrants who reside in Mexico City. It contributes to a growing body of literature that focuses on the relationship between migration and food security by qualitatively analyzing the specific challenges faced by migrants who are (semi)permanently settled in an urban area (rather than border region). The main argument of this paper is that although many of the challenges faced by migrants in terms of food insecurity are parallel to those faced by low-income citizens and internal migrants in Mexico City, migrants face unique challenges that contribute to their increased vulnerability. These challenges have political/bureaucratic, social, and economic dimensions. The paper argues that incomplete documentation, culinary estrangement and social isolation pose specific challenges to migrants that compound their difficulty in achieving individual and household food security. • Mexico City is increasingly becoming a place of settlement for migrants from different countries. • International migrants in Mexico City face particular challenges in terms of food security which are social, cultural, and political in nature. • Migrants experience culinary estrangement , whereby local ingredients, food sources, recipes and establishments are unfamiliar, increasingly vulnerability to food insecurity. • Migrants face social isolation due to a lack of established social, kin, or other networks, which increases vulnerability to food insecurity. • Migrants experience incomplete documentation, whereby they lack personal records or documents, which limit access to housing and employment and increase their vulnerability to food insecurity. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Revista de Salud Pública is the property of Universidad Nacional de Colombia and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Academia: Revista Latinoamericana de Administración is the property of Emerald Publishing Limited and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Economía, Sociedad y Territorio is the property of El Colegio Mexiquense and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

• The paper examines the significance of distributive justice in the discourses of people resisting wind energy in the Isthmus of Tehuantepec, Mexico. • Activists use health and environmental concerns as frames to avoid social rejection and legitimise other more subtle distributive concerns. • Community norms and power asymmetries play a significant role in the construction of framing mechanisms to resist wind farms. • Is critical to consider reasons for framing mechanisms to advance social and environmental justice. Activists, scholars, and policymakers worldwide have increasingly recognised the intrinsic linkages between energy transitions and justice issues. However, little research exists on how groups affected by renewable energy siting interpret and mobilise justice narratives to legitimise their actions and question development plans. Building on the notion of 'framing' in social movement theory, this study addresses this gap by examininig the discourses adopted by people resisting wind energy developments in the Isthmus of Tehuantepec, Mexico. The study relies on 64 interviews and participant observation. The findings indicate that anti-wind activists used health and environmental concerns instrumentally: as a framing device to avoid social rejection and legitimise other, subtler distributive concerns about the uneven allocation of economic benefits such as tenancy payments. Although this framing was counterproductive and left their concerns unaddressed, activists adopted this strategy because of community norms and practises that stigmatise the explicit discussion of economic inequalities and their fear of challenging existing power structures. This paper therefore highlights the social mechanisms through which energy transitions reproduce economic inequalities. As a policy recommendation, it is critical to consider how inequalities are framed and the underlying reasons for these interpretive schemes to advance socially just net-zero scenarios. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Electricity is fundamental for supporting economic development in emerging economies. Power generation from clean energy sources may help to meet societal needs such as increasing electricity demand while complying with contemporary global challenges (e.g. climate change). This paper aims at qualitatively describing the development of clean energy technologies in Mexico by using a multi-perspective analytical framework. By integrating a meta-theoretical framework for national energy transitions and core concepts from policy mixes for sustainability transitions literature, a series of stylised facts are developed to qualitatively describe the evolution of clean energy technologies in Mexico from 1879 to 2021. Interactive governance theory is used as an analytical framework to synthesise these storylines by highlighting the role and interactions among technologies, actors, and policy instruments in governance processes. The case study revealed that the ever-growing electricity demand in Mexico have called for exploring different available energy sources and technologies over time. Diminishing oil and gas domestic reserves, increasing concerns around environmental issues, and worldwide agreements on greenhouse gas emission reductions have been the main drivers for clean energy and energy efficiency development in Mexico. However, different barriers to a clean energy transition in Mexico have been identified and discussed in this study: (1) access to a vast oil and gas resources in the past reinforced the position of fossil-fuel incumbent regimes, displacing clean energy technological niches; (2) lack of investment in clean energy research, development, and innovation; (3) policy paradigms have shifted based on (dynamic) societal needs and socio-political interests in favour of fossil fuel power generation. To overcome these barriers and allow a transition towards a clean energy electricity system in Mexico, multiple policy instruments have been identified and discussed. • The paper describes the evolution of clean energy technologies in Mexico. • A multi-perspective analytical framework is used to create micro-logics. • The interactive governance approach is used to synthesise these micro-logics. • Barriers and drivers for a clean energy transition in Mexico are discussed. • Energy policy mixes towards a clean energy transition are discussed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

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Copyright of Economic History Research / Investigaciones de Historia Económica is the property of Asociacion Espanola de Historia Economica and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Economía, Sociedad y Territorio is the property of El Colegio Mexiquense and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

• Case study on smallholder agrobiodiversity and drug crops in Oaxaca, Mexico. • Drug and food crops complement each other until a threshold of violence is crossed. • Crop specialization tends to favor violence-driven abandonment of agriculture. • Crop/livelihood diversification reduces peasants' exposure and sensitivity to violence. • Organized, militarized, and diversified peasants mitigate violent agrarian change. Drawing on political-ecological vulnerability theory, this paper analyzes the impact of illegal-drug cultivation and its related violence on smallholder agrobiodiversity in the state of Oaxaca, Mexico. Oaxaca is a global agrobiodiversity hotspot where cannabis and opium poppy have been widely cultivated for decades. The study is based on 76 structured/semi-structured interviews with imprisoned farmers, harvest gatherers, and former soldiers in four state prisons. Results show that illegal-drug crops and native-food crops complement each other until a threshold of violence is crossed, which leads to the abandonment of agriculture due to murder, imprisonment, and out-migration. The specialization of smallholder agriculture in illegal-drug crops tends to favor crossing the threshold of violence. In most municipalities in this study, however, rather a diversification process took place in which illegal-drug crops were incorporated to food production systems, reducing both the exposure and the sensitivity of smallholders to structural and direct violence. Other adaptation strategies involved local organization and militarization of smallholders for collective-risk management and territorial control. Ultimately, by comparing five vulnerability scenarios, this paper argues that the combination of peasant organization, militarization, and crop/livelihood diversification in Oaxaca mitigates the violent agrarian change associated with this illegal economy, while conserving agrobiodiversity. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The adverse effects of the opening of the economy during the 1980s and 1990s in Latin America brought about a debate about the reform of the welfare state. However, the path to follow is still uncertain. This scenario has forced the emergence of socio-technological innovations to tackle problems such as socioeconomic inequality and technological unemployment which neither the market nor the state have been able to solve. The aim of this paper is to review the way in which the Mexican welfare state has impeded the alleviation of poverty and technological unemployment making, in consequence, the creation of an enabling technology-based social innovation environment a priority. For that purpose we carried out a documentary analysis as part of a broader research study which assesses empirically the role of the Mexican state in creating a technology-based social innovation environment as a way to alleviate social illness such as poverty and technological unemployment. We conclude that empirical approaches to the links between social innovation, the labor market and poverty are indispensable to advancing the discussion about the design of the provision of welfare in the twenty-first century. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Intersecoes: Revista de Estudios Interdisciplinares is the property of Editora da Universidade do Estado do Rio de Janeiro (EdUERJ) and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Investigación Económica is the property of Universidad Nacional Autonoma de Mexico, Facultad de Economia and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Accurate predictions of the near wake of horizontal-axis wind turbines are critical in estimating and optimizing the energy production of wind farms. Consequently, accurate aerodynamic models of an isolated wind turbine are required. In this paper, the steady-state flow around an experimental horizontal-axis wind turbine (known as the MEXICO model) is investigated using full-geometry computational fluid dynamics (CFD) simulations. The simulations are performed using Reynolds-Averaged Navier-Stokes (RANS) equations in combination with the transitional k-kl-ω turbulence model. The multiple reference frame (MRF) approach is used to allow the rotation of the blades. The impacts of the nacelle and blade rotation on the induction region and near wake are highlighted. Simulation cases under attached and detached flow conditions with and without the nacelle were compared to the detailed particle image velocimetry (PIV) measurements. The axial and radial flow behaviors at the induction region have been analyzed in detail. This study attempts to highlight the nacelle effects on the near wake flow and on numerical prediction accuracy under various conditions, as well as the possible reasons for these effects. According to simulation results, the rotation of blades dominates the near wake region, and including the nacelle geometry can improve both axial and radial flow prediction accuracy by up to 15% at high wind speeds. At low wind speeds, the nacelle effects can be ignored. The presence of the nacelle has also been shown to increase flow separation at the trailing edges of the blade airfoils, increasing both root and tip vorticities. Finally, small nacelle diameters are recommended to reduce flow separation on the blades and increase the average velocity downstream of the rotor, thereby optimizing wind farm output power. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Revista Latinoamericana de Estudios Educativos is the property of Centro de Estudios Educativos, A.C. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

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This paper estimates electricity consumption and subsidies for each of the Mexican households surveyed in the ENCEVI and the ENIGH in 2018. Using information from the Mexican Utility Federal Electricity Commission (CFE, Comisión Federal de Electricidad), we expand these two datasets into a comprehensive source of electricity consumption for 100,000 households representative of all of Mexico. Our estimates show that large consumers receive large subsidies, with the top 20 % of the highest consuming households receiving 50 % of the subsidies. We also find that electricity consumption is determined by socio-economic status. In the extremely hot region, families in the highest income decile consume 57 %–66 % more than those in the lowest. For this reason, Mexicans in the highest income brackets benefit the most from subsidies; the average subsidy per household for those in the two highest income brackets is almost twice the average subsidy for those in the lowest bracket. • A comprehensive dataset with estimates of electricity consumption and subsidies in the Mexican residential sector was created • The residential electricity consumption in Mexico varies significantly by climatic region, socioeconomic status, and season. • Without subsidies, the electricity burden of households in the lowest income deciles would increase approximately 2.2 times. • Almost forty cents of every dollar spent on electricity subsidies is allocated to households with the highest income quintile. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Revista Ciência & Saúde Coletiva is the property of Associacao Brasileira de Pos-Graduacao em Saude Coletiva and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

This paper reports the results of a program carried out twenty years ago to explore the ages of rock art in the sierras of Baja California. The relatively unknown rock art of the Sierra de Guadalupe represented the main focus of an investigation aiming to discover new painting sites, to collect paint samples and date selected paintings using radiocarbon. Collecting paint samples from the Gran Murals was done in all the sierras to gain a regional perspective into the time range and geographical distribution of this rock art tradition and link it with archaeological evidence obtained from excavations. The results from the field campaigns indicate considerable age for some of the Gran Murals and their repainting and provide a stimulus for additional research. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Revista Latinoamericana de Estudios Educativos is the property of Centro de Estudios Educativos, A.C. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

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Copyright of Ager: Journal of Depopulation & Rural Development Studies / Revista de Estudios sobre Despoblación y Desarrollo Rural is the property of Rolde de Estudios Aragoneses and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

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• Technological Innovation System successfully used for developing country context to evaluate the resilience of the two renewable energy technologies amid changing political context. • Mexico's renewable energy technology innovation system reveals weakening impacts from a shift in government policies. • Solar PV and geothermal technology innovation systems show resilience towards barriers set forth by changing government policies. This paper evaluates the impact of changes in Mexican energy policies on the Mexican innovation systems ability to support renewable energy technologies, through a comparative case study on geothermal and solar photovoltaic technologies. The study examines the effectiveness of government policy in each case by exploring how changes in policy have affected the development of their respective innovation systems. The analysis is facilitated by a technology innovation system framework. The main source of data is primary data from an online survey of 61 experienced energy experts in Mexico in 2019, complemented with desktop research. Results suggest that changes in government priorities have a strong influence on the development of these two technologies. The development of these technologies in Mexico is determined by their innovation systems resilience and adaptability to the changing policy landscape. Policy instruments that encourage knowledge formation serve as critical for the continued development of renewable energy technologies in Mexico. This study contributes to the literature on innovation systems in Mexico, on comparing two renewable energy technologies, and on developing countries policy and innovation contexts. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Slavonic Review / Slovanský Přehled is the property of Institute of History of the Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Revista Latinoamericana de Estudios Educativos is the property of Centro de Estudios Educativos, A.C. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

This paper examines the complexities of incentive regulation in the context of airport privatization, asymmetric information, and regulatory weakness in a developing country. Using hybrid Dual-Till revenue cap variations of thirty-four concessioned airports in Mexico for the period 2006–2019, we distinguish within and between regulated period effects on productive efficiency. Our findings reveal a dual nature of variations: negative shifts within regulated periods are linked to heightened productive efficiency, whereas positive shifts between regulated periods, particularly during the resetting of caps, arise when projected demand falls short of covering allowed operational and capital expenditures. This discrepancy leads to a decline in productive efficiency. The analysis highlights discernible weaknesses in the regulatory framework such as homogenous expectations of efficiency gains across all airports within regulated periods. Furthermore, strategic behavior by airports emerges, as they opt to defer efficiency enhancements to the initial year of any given regulated period. We discuss regulatory levers to improve the quality of regulation. • Analyses the complexity of airport incentive regulation in practice to achieve allocative and productive efficiencies along with investment. • Illustrates the experience of airport incentive regulation in a developing country. • Explores strategic behavior by airports in the context of asymmetric information and weak institutional conditions. • Identifies regulatory levers to improve the quality of Dual-till revenue cap regulation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

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Air pollution is among the most pressing environmental issues worldwide. Unfortunately, an effective reduction in air pollution remains elusive, and so does the incorporation of scientific evidence into air quality policies. This paper takes seven Mexican cities as study cases to document barriers and opportunities to incorporate scientific evidence into air quality policies. Supported by the Grounded Theory approach, we conduct and analyze interviews to decision-makers, researchers, and representatives of non-governmental organizations involved in programs aiming to improve air quality in Mexico. Findings from this study illustrate differences across cities in the technical capacity to produce evidence, and document barriers shared to incorporate evidence into air quality management – including institutional capacity, interest groups, legal frameworks, and limited knowledge transfer. Opportunities that increase integration of evidence into air quality policies include follow-up programs, guaranteed research funding, contextualizing the topics to be investigated as a public problem, and assigning a crucial role to research so that formal and informal links among decision-makers and scientists are formed and strengthened. • Effective incorporation of evidence in air quality management is still a challenge. • Analysis of the stakeholder's perspective, barriers, and enablers to increase the role of evidence was carried out. • Deficiencies in institutional capacity, limited regulatory framework, particular values, and interests are crucial barriers. • Participatory monitoring, meeting places, follow-up programs, and research networks are enablers to increase evidence use. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Mexico has learned much from its five decades educating nurses, moving from nurses educated mostly at the technical degree level, to bachelor's degree prepared nurses educated in universities. Several salient lessons have emerged that may prove relevant for other countries seeking to increase their numbers of bachelors prepared nurses. This paper analyzes twenty years of nursing labor market data to highlight where significant social and policy changes helped facilitate increased production of bachelor's degree educated nurses in Mexico. We conducted a two-stages analysis, starting with a descriptive stage and followed by a repeated cross-sectional analysis using data sources generated by the Secretariat of Health and the National Institute of Geography and Statistics. Data from the 2005 to 2019 period were analyzed for trends in production patterns and significant relationships in the labor market. Among Mexican nursing graduates, technical and bachelor nurses compete for employment in healthcare institutions. The public sector has greater success in hiring bachelors prepared nurses, but this varies by type of public sector institution. Technical degree nurses have higher underemployment rates and less job security overall. Private hospitals mainly hire technical degree nurses. The Mexican government not been able to properly regulate neither the production of new graduates nor the accreditation of schools, let alone to align roles according to the graduate's level of education. The success of Mexico in the twenty-first century shows that middle-income countries can increase the production and both private and public sector employment opportunities for nurses educated at both the technical and bachelor's degree level however, labor market challenges persist. The central lesson for other countries is that policies must be revised in order to optimize the use of a more educated nursing workforce. • Observed an increase in the percentage of Mexican nurses with university-level education • The public sector attracts more university educated nurses overall. • University-level education reduces the likelihood of having a low income. • Labor market conditions in the healthcare sector in Mexico had deteriorated, even prior to the pandemic. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

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Copyright of Investigación Económica is the property of Universidad Nacional Autonoma de Mexico, Facultad de Economia and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)