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Within our research work we determined the Young's modulus distribution in the paper plane on the basis of results of tensile tests in selected directions. Using mathematical relationships valid for orthotropic materials, the moduli were calculated theoretically. The tensile stiffness orientation angle (TSA), and the TSO and TSI indices were also determined in order to define the deviations of the main axes of orthotrophy in the paper plane as determined by the machine and the cross directions. The calculation results were compared with measured values. They justified the conclusion that paper may be treated as an orthotropic material. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

For the stability of composite fibre spinning, the difference in and distribution of the polymer melt velocity during the spinning are among the factors of importance. Based on the basic equation for the control of composite spinning dynamics, boundary conditions are identified and reported in this paper. A mathematical model for the symmetric and asymmetric distribution of the melt flow velocity in the microhole of the spinneret of the composite spinning assembly was developed. The accuracy of the mathematical model was also ascertained. It gives a theoretical basis for the designing of a composite spinning assembly. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Revista de Saúde Pública is the property of Faculdade de Educacao da Universidade de Sao Paulo and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Abstract: A lot of work has been done in the field of multi-valued model checking home and abroad. But some research works are not perfect. Some problems in the semantic definitions of temporal operators and corresponding model checking algorithms are found in the paper “Model Checking Using Partial Kripke Structure with 3-Valued Temporal Logic”. Some counterexamples are given to show these errors. On the basis of the discussion, some sound semantic definitions of temporal operators and correct algorithms of model checking for some temporal operators are given. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]

Abstract: Although the scale invariance is a main feature of growing networks, evidence from a few modelled networks show that the finite-size effect of network at a fixed time cannot be ignored. We propose a concept of time-dependent scale-free networks, and prove the criteria for the stability and scale-free of growing networks by the degree-growing Markov chain. Our results show the importance of rigorous theoretical analysis for the network science. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Revue Française de Sociologie is the property of Presses de Sciences Po and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

The massive Internet of Things (IoT) comprises different gateways (GW) covering a given region of a massive number of connected devices with sensors. In IoT networks, transmission interference is observed when different sensor devices (SD) try to send information to a single GW. This is mitigated by allotting various channels to adjoining GWs. Furthermore, SDs are permitted to associate with anyGWin a network, naturally choosing the one with a higher received signal strength indicator (RSSI), regardless of whether it is the ideal choice for network execution. Finding an appropriate GW to optimize the performance of IoT systems is a difficult task given the complicated conditions among GWs and SDs. Recently, in remote IoT networks, the utilization of machine learning (ML) strategies has arisen as a viable answer to determine the effect of various models in the system, and reinforcement learning (RL) is one of these ML techniques. Therefore, this paper proposes the use of an RL algorithm for GW determination and association in IoT networks. For this purpose, this study allows GWs and SDs with intelligence, through executing the multi-armed bandit (MAB) calculation, to investigate and determine the optimal GW with which to associate. In this paper, rigorous mathematical calculations are performed for this purpose and evaluate our proposed mechanism over randomly generated situations, which include different IoT network topologies. The evaluation results indicate that our intelligentMAB-based mechanism enhances the association as compared to state-of-the-art (RSSI-based) and related research approaches. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The red palm weevil is one of the most dangerous pests affecting date palm trees in the Gulf region and the Middle East. This paper investigates the control of the red palm weevil (RPW) in date palms using several techniques, namely stem injection, sex pheromone traps, and the Sterile Insect Technique. A mathematical model describing the spread of the red palm weevil is presented, and the boundedness of the solution for the RPW system is studied. The conditions for local stability, forward bifurcation, and Hopf bifurcation are also obtained. Additionally, this research highlights the significance of optimal control in managing RPW and simulates the model using the Forward-Backward Sweep numerical method. It is observed that the parameters of the sterile insect technique, the pheromone trap, and the mechanical injection play important roles in controlling the RPW. Mechanical Injection may be more effective in controlling the palm weevil compared to the other two methods. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper presents a conceptual framework that combines technology-based instruction and mathematical modeling in a STEAM-oriented approach to enhance the English language acquisition of Malaysian students. The proposed framework consists of a six-month English as a Foreign Language program that integrates technology and mathematical simulation in a STEAMoriented methodology. The exercises are designed to enhance linguistic competence, with a focus on improving listening, speaking, reading, and writing skills. The framework aims to foster a positive learning environment that encourages self-determination and promotes sociocultural interaction. The integration of technology-enabled instruction and mathematical modeling offers a viable strategy for enhancing the language competency of non-native English speakers. However, further research and empirical analysis are necessary to evaluate the impact of this framework on academic performance. Despite this limitation, the proposed framework offers a promising approach to address the challenges faced by less proficient Malaysian students in acquiring English language skills. In conclusion, this paper presents a conceptual framework that integrates technology-based instruction and mathematical modeling in a STEAM-oriented approach to enhance the English language acquisition of less proficient Malaysian students. The framework is grounded in sociocultural and self-determination theoretical perspectives and aims to create a positive learning environment that promotes linguistic competence. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Revista Interuniversitaria de Formación del Profesorado is the property of Asociacion Universitaria de Formacion del Profesorado (AUFOP) and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Emerging Industry 5.0 pushes advanced automation towards resilient solutions with enhanced human role. Resilience as an ability to sustain processes in the face of disruptions and adversarial attacks requires careful modelling and simulation. Cellular automata are efficient mathematical models used to simulate the behavior of complex systems, which change their state based on a set of predefined rules. In this paper, we suggest several updates to cellular automata (particularly Conway's "Game of Life") to address resilience. These include "Life and Creation", "War and Peace", and their hybrid "War and Creation" capable of addressing the important components of resilience, such as controllable creativity and adversarial interactions. Inherited in these updates and known advantages of cellular automata, such as simplicity, emergent behavior, parallelism, and adaptability, makes it a powerful simulation tool for a wide range of Industry 5.0 systems that involve humans, smart infrastructure, their complex and adversarial interactions, safety, and resilience. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

With the rapid growth of Internet applications, massive demand for cloud services has brought challenges to data center networks (DCNs). Traditional wired DCNs adopt multilayer structure, leading to the congestion in high-layer switches. Furthermore, complex cabling in wired DCNs affects the flow of cold air, reduces the cooling efficiency, and increases energy consumption. To solve these problems, in this paper, we introduce an architecture for intra-DCN based on free space optic (FSO) wireless communication. The proposed scheme exploits spatial position of FSO transceivers at different heights to realize obstruction-free transmission for inter-rack requests. We formulate the transceiver arrangement problem into a mathematical model while satisfying the requirement for direct line-of-sight communication between any pair of transceiver nodes. Moreover, we evaluate the network performance of the proposed scheme via simulation in terms of flow completion time, server throughput, and power consumption. Compared with traditional ones, our scheme can considerably decrease power consumption while obtaining better network performance. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This research paper focuses on the development of advanced mathematical models for disease diagnosis and prediction, and the subsequent creation of automated systems based on these models. These systems leverage a range of mathematical models and incorporate cutting-edge information technology achievements to provide medical professionals with valuable decision-making support. By amalgamating mathematical rigor and technological innovation, this research endeavors to enhance the accuracy and efficiency of medical diagnoses, thereby improving patient care and healthcare outcomes. This study delves into the persistent need for contemporary information systems, where information plays a crucial role in decision-making. It aims to provide an objective approach to addressing pressing medical challenges, particularly in disease diagnosis and prediction, enhancing the effectiveness of these critical tasks. Automated medical information systems, built on advanced mathematical models, significantly empower physicians. Machine diagnostics, relying on deterministic logic, the phase interval method, and information-probabilistic logic, bolster diagnostic capabilities. Functional entropy enables individuals to handle vague information, aiding decision-making. Assessing imprecision and uncertainty computationally diminishes subjectivity, while employing fuzzy set theory enhances diagnostic modeling. Mathematical models assess diagnostic indicators, and linguistic variables quantify resemblance. The diagnostic model for primary biliary cirrhosis and active hepatitis utilizes a diagnostic table and gradient projection. This comprehensive study advances medical diagnostics through mathematical models and automated systems, addressing critical healthcare challenges. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this paper, harmonic resonance analysis of the grid comprising Wind Power Plants (WPPs) with Permanent Magnet Synchronous Generators (PMSGs) is presented. Usually, Norton equivalent circuit is used as the Wind Turbine (WT) model for harmonic resonance studies, in which the WTs are simply modeled as ideal current and voltage sources and the impacts of converters controls on the WTs output impedances are neglected. This paper deals with the harmonic resonance analysis of the WPP system by considering the impacts of converters controls and current and voltage measurement filters. In doing so, harmonic impedance models of the WTs are presented for simple and detailed cases. Then, the WT harmonic impedance is extracted for the mentioned cases. Next, the results of frequency scan and harmonic mode resonance analyses for different cases are given and compared. Then, the effects of the current and voltage measurement filters and WT converter control on harmonic resonance analysis of the study WPP system are presented. It is shown that increasing the bandwidth of the grid-side converter current control loop cannot shift the resonant frequencies, but it certainly enhances the system damping and, consequently, reduces the driving point impedances in the resonant frequencies. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Extending metaphorically the Moisilean idea of ‘nuanced-reasoning logic’ and adapting it to the e-world age of Information Technology (IT), the paper aims at showing that new logics, already useful in modern software engineering, become necessary mainly for Multi-Agent Systems (MAS), despite obvious adversities. The first sections are typical for a position paper, defending such logics from an anthropocentric perspective. Through this sieve, Section 4 outlines the features asked for by the paradigm of computing as intelligent interaction, based on ‘nuances of nuanced-reasoning’, that should be reflected by agent logics. To keep the approach credible, Section 5 illustrates how quantifiable synergy can be reached - even in advanced challenging domains, such as stigmergic coordination - by injecting symbolic reasoning in systems based on sub-symbolic ‘emergent synthesis’. Since for future work too the preferred logics are doxastic, the conclusions could be structured in line with the well-known agent architecture: Beliefs, Desires, Intentions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The optimization of train formation plan is a large-scale combinatorial optimization problem, which is difficult to solve. This paper mainly studies the optimization algorithm of the single-block train formation plan. The corresponding mathematical model is established by consulting relevant literature, and a positive feedback search algorithm based on absolute conditions is proposed. First of all, the wagon flow that meets the absolute conditions directly runs through train flow without making other choices. For the wagon flow that does not meet the absolute conditions, select the target station to reach directly according to the probability. The probability of wagon flow selecting a station is calculated according to the pheromone of the wagon flow at the station. At the same time, a pheromone update strategy with positive feedback mechanism is proposed to make the search process converge. Finally, the feasibility of the algorithm and the necessity of introducing absolute conditions into the algorithm are verified by taking eight technical stations in the linear direction of the road network as examples. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study focuses on an artery with multiple stenoses, emphasizing the electro-osmotic effects. The artery's walls are porous, and slip boundary effects are present. Blood ow problems are better modeled with a slip and porous border. It is examined extensively due to the wide range of applications in the medical field, especially in diagnosing drug delivery and handling cellular irregularities. In this paper, we have visualized the non-Newtonian behavior of blood by using viscoelastic fluids as Williamson's fluid model. A mathematical model for an incompressible fluid is created, and the mathematical issue is then transformed into its dimensionless form by applying limitations in the case of mild multiple stenoses. The partial differential equations for the velocity and temperature profiles can be found when the problem is put into a dimensionless form. Analytical solutions of the resulting system are calculated with the help of the Homotopy Perturbation Method (HPM). The visual representation of analytically obtained solutions is investigated for both symmetric and non-symmetric geometries of stenosis. For varied values of ow rate Q and electro-osmotic parameter m, the streamlines are examined in detail. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The paper presents the analysis of the behavior of a welded metal assembly using a specialized finite element analysis software. The aspect pursued is the determination of the nodal displacements that occur at a certain load, highlighting the areas of maximum stress. The paper also includes elements regarding the mathematical model of the studied phenomenon obtained with the help of variational methods and/or the method of weighted residuals. By modelling and simulating the dynamic behavior of the welded metal assembly, it is possible to determine the critical areas of welding deformations. The study carried out in this paper reveals the necessity of using numerical methods in the pre-design process of an engineering structure. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This manuscript discusses the positional systems used in intelligent robots. One of the characteristic problems that arise in such systems is associated with friction, including sticking during the process. Friction greatly affects the positioning accuracy of the actuators of controlled robots, especially if a pneumatic actuator is used as a motor. The work is devoted to the study and solution of this problem. Since it is impossible to completely eliminate the effect of friction, ways to minimize this effect are being investigated using a targeted choice of system parameters. For this purpose, the method of multicriteria optimization of a detailed mathematical model is applied on the example of a pneumatic positional system, as the most sensitive to friction. The paper considers the first stage of optimization associated with visualization and preliminary analysis of the process in order to prepare it for performing a system procedure. The dynamics equations of an intelligent positional system are written out, both in full-size and dimensionless one. The most convenient mathematical model of friction is presented terms of its use in the process of optimizing the entire control system. A procedure for visualizing the optimization process in the form of a graphical interface has been developed. The first stage of the intelligent drive system optimization procedure has been carried out. The paper presents at which parameters of the control system the "stick-slip" effect has less influence on the positioning process. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A new improved three-dimensional continuous chaotic system (ImproBsys) is designed in this paper. It can achieve from an ordinary chaotic state to a hyperchaotic state, that is, chaotic behavior tends to become more complex. Furthermore, by using ImproBsys, this paper proposes a double image encryption algorithm based on compressive sensing and public key elliptic curve. First, the two plain images of the same size are excuted by discrete wavelet transformation (DWT), and then the DWT coefficients are thresholded. Second, the quantization matrix is compressed by compressive sensing, and the size is reduced to half of the original one, and then the two compressed matrices are spliced together to form a new matrix. Finally, the new matrix is encrypted by elliptic curve cipher to get the cipher image. Our contributions are: (1) A new ImproBsys is designed with better chaotic behavior, which has two positive Lyapunov exponents to show hyperchaos phenomenon. (2) Compressive sensing technique is employed to reduce the amount of data transmission for two single images, and then we use ImproBsys to control the measurement matrix. (3) The initial values of the ImproBsys depend on the information entropy of the plain image by a new constructed mathematical model. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The recent outbreak of rabies virus has affected numerous individuals in the community, highlighting the importance of studying the disease mathematically in epidemiology. In this paper, we develop a mathematical model for the spread of rabies disease using the harmonic mean incidence rate and determine the reproduction number R 0 using the next generation matrix approach. The fractional dynamics of the model incorporate the interaction between infected individuals and environmental factors. We analyze the model using both Atangana-Baleanu-Caputo (ABC) and Caputo-Fabrizio (CF) techniques, drawing on both modern and classical approaches. For qualitative investigation using fractional operators, we utilize the Banach fixed-point theory and derive the Hyers-Ulam stability concept. We assign values to the model parameters and utilize the Newton interpolation technique to obtain a numerical scheme. Additionally, we perform sensitivity analysis on the model. In conclusion, our findings provide important insights for the study of epidemics. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this paper, the stabilization and set point tracking of the utility boiler is achieved via the Proportional-Integral-Derivative (PID) controller, tuned using the versions of metaheuristic Particle Swarm Optimization (PSO) algorithms. The utility boiler model dynamics are based on the Bell and Astrom boiler turbine system. Initially, the non-linear mathematical model is obtained using the first principles data from the plant model. Further, Taylor series approximation is applied to linearize the non-linear equations around the equilibrium point to implement a stable controller for the plant. Finally, the PID controller gains for the plant model are determined using the PSO algorithms to achieve the desired response. For tuning the PID controller, three PSO algorithms namely standard PSO, Adaptive PSO (APSO) and Improved Adaptive PSO (IAPSO) are proposed. The performance of the proposed PSO based PID control algorithms are evaluated using error metrics such as Integral Absolute Error (IAE), Integral Time Absolute Error (ITAE) and Integral Square Error (ISE). The simulation results show that the proposed APSO and IAPSO algorithms have improved performance when compared to regular PSO algorithms and are capable of optimizing the control parameters. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Ciencia e Ingenieria Neogranadina is the property of Ciencia e Ingenieria Neogranadina and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Magnetic localization techniques are used in in vivo therapy, drug delivery, and surgical localization widely due to their ability to locate in an unobstructed environment precisely. The Levenberg-Marquardt (L-M) algorithm is one of the most common magnetic localization algorithms due to its fast optimization speed and high precision, but it requires high initial values such that improper initial values can easily lead to local optimization. In this paper, the performance of ten commonly used intelligent optimization algorithms is compared based on the mathematical model of the permanent magnet. The final position of the magnet is obtained by a fusion algorithm that uses the result of the intelligent optimization algorithm as the initial value of L-M. The real-time localization accuracy of this fusion algorithm is verified on a hardware platform and experiments demonstrate that the integration of the TSA algorithm and L-M algorithm fusion yields higher performance of the magnetic positioning system. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper proposes a novel method to address coherent interference (pilot contamination) in Massive MIMO by incorporating control over propagation environment through Intelligent Reflecting Surfaces. In earlier research it was established that each mobile device has unique spatial signature which can be used as identifier even if they are sharing same pilot sequence. However in certain circumstances when their signals are received at BS with same Angle of Arrival their spatial structure become similar thus their individual identity is lost. This situation adds error in acquisition of channel state information, the accuracy of which is the key to benefit from Massive MIMO. This paper present a method to resolve the mentioned accepted gap using mathematical basis and simulation methods. A mathematical model of Massive MIMO is presented which is widely accepted by the subject modeling community. The model is then used to generate the basis for the presented algorithm through further mathematical studies and simulations. The basic algorithm used for the resolution of pilot contamination problem is finally presented in this paper. The algorithm was simulated using MATLAB and simulation results are tabulated to identify the results of pilot de-contamination after incorporating signal propagation control. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Tourist trip design is a fast-growing area of research. Tourist interest, budget, travel style, safety, and the existence of travelers with special needs (for example, wheelchair accessibility) are some of the elements to consider for obtaining personalized routes. Including these elements in a single mathematical model can considerably complicate the solution process. Also, route decision-making is affected by the context (health, social, political, economic, etc.) in which decisions are made. In this paper, the first aim is to propose a three-step methodology to obtain contextualized solutions to a tourist trip design problem (TTDP) with time-dependent recommendation factors. The methodology consists of (1) providing a basic TTDP model that avoids the complexity of including contextual information, (2) obtaining a set of solutions to the problem using a Modeling to Generate Alternatives (MGA) approach, and (3) using a recently developed a posteriori method to include the contextual information through fuzzy propositions. The second aim of the paper is to evaluate three algorithmic strategies for the MGA step. Lastly, considering a context for people with mobility impairments, an example is solved using real data. The results show the usefulness of the proposed methodology in solving the TTDP with contextual information. • A tourist trip design problem with time-dependent recommendations factors is solved. • A methodology to obtain contextualized solutions is developed. • An accessibility context is modeled with fuzzy propositions. • Solutions are obtained by using the modeling-to-generate-alternatives approach. • Best solutions are suitable for the accessibility context. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Intelligent Reflection Surface (IRS) will be widely used in future communication system construction to reduce construction costs and improve coverage. However, IRS systems are generally equipped with controllers to receive wireless signal instructions, this increases the vulnerability of future communications. In this paper, we present an attack tactic to provide a way of thinking for the future defense deployment. At the beginning, the hacker cannot know the whole communication system, then it continuously attacks the IRS system, monitor the communication system, and sequentially learns new information about the system in each attacking round in order to attack more effectively in the next round. A two-layer optimal mathematical model is presented to describe the BS and the hacker's decision. And the two-layer optimization which is difficult to solve is transformed into a single layer linear optimization by using equivalent transformation and dual transformation. A series of mathematical experiments are used to test different scenarios applicable to different monitoring style, and verify that the tactic proposed in this paper can effectively interfere with the system. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Listeriosis is one of the zoonotic diseases affecting most parts of the Sub-Saharan countries. The infection is often transmitted by eating and it can also pass by respiratory and direct contact. In this paper, a listeriosis mathematical model is formulated involving fractal-fractional orders in both Caputo and Atangana–Baleanu derivatives. Moreover, future behaviors of the disease are investigated by considering the fractal–fractional operators that are very effective in modeling the real-life phenomena by virtue of their memory effect. The basic properties and steady states are also obtained. The threshold parameter for determining the spread of the disease is computed. Numerical results are presented for each fractal-fractional-order operator. The results obtained in the paper show that the numerical schemes are effective for predicting and analyzing complex phenomena. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Revista Ambiente e Água is the property of Revista Ambiente e Agua and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

This paper presents a dynamical analysis of a tethered aerostat using a multibody simulation tool called SimscapeMultibody™. Tethered aerostats are lighter than air vehicles that float in the air and are connected to the ground through the tether. Atmospheric winds are a source of disturbance to the aerostat. The wind produces drag force that causes the aerostat to displace from its mean position. This phenomenon is called blow-by. Solving the mathematical model of the motion dynamics with time step is the conventional method used for simulating the flight dynamics of the aerostat. This paper discusses the application of Simscape Multibody™ for the three-degrees-of-freedom flight dynamic simulation of spherical tethered aerostat. Simscape Multibody™, an extension of MATLAB®/Simulink, is a multibody modeling tool in which physical bodies and their interactions have to be defined to simulate the dynamics. The mathematical model of the defined system is automatically generated by the SimscapeMultibody™ solver, and the system dynamics is simulated. The simulation of dynamics using multibody modeling tools provides high fidelity simulation for the tethered aerostats. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Mitogen-activated protein kinase (MEK) inhibitors and oncolytic virotherapy are identified as promising cancer therapies that can enhance the efficacy of other cancer treatments. A few studies demonstrate that cancer cells proliferate when exposed to virotherapy with MEK inhibitors in an integer order model or without them in a fractional order model. None of them are intended to investigate tumor cell growth under the combined treatment strategy of chemo-virotherapy with a MEK inhibitor in a fractional order model. In this paper, a mathematical model based on fractional order ordinary differential equations (ODEs) is developed for the mutual interactions among tumor cells, as well as a therapeutic combination of chemotherapy, oncolytic viruses and the functional consequence of MEK inhibitor, to investigate how virotherapy could enhance chemotherapy under the action of MEK inhibitor. The numerical results show that virus burst size and MEK inhibitors have a noticeable impact on regulating the trend of tumor cell proliferation. While virotherapy responses to tumor cell proliferation are undoubtedly quicker than chemotherapeutic treatment responses, MEK intensity clearly affects the success of the treatment regimen. The results of this study can contribute to the development of a therapeutic strategy that combines MEK inhibitor functional monitoring with tumor cell growth control. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Traditional linear active disturbance rejection control (LADRC) may have difficulty to achieve a rapid precise disturbance rejection for a permanent magnet synchronous linear motor (PMSLM). By making use of model information, a model predictive and compensated LADRC (MPLADRC) method is proposed in this paper. In this method, a model compensated extended state observer (MESO) is designed to transform the controlled object into an established mathematical model through total disturbance compensation. Meanwhile, considering the delay problem of MESO, a phase advance module is designed to improve the estimation speed of MESO for system disturbance and state, thus the MESO can rapidly compensate various uncertainty disturbances to the controlled object in real time. The model predictive controller (MPC) is then designed based on the mathematical model, and its optimal control law is then obtained through a quadratic objective function to further suppress the disturbance unobserved by the designed MESO. The proposed method can thus realize a dual-degree-of-freedom disturbance rejection through the MESO and MPC. The simulation and experimental results validate the effectiveness of the proposed MPLADRC in rapid anti-disturbance and fast positioning for the motion control of the PMSLM. • An MPLADRC method for achieving real-time disturbance rejection is proposed. • A model compensation ESO is designed to accurately estimate the total disturbance. • A phase advance module is designed to solve the ESO delay problem. • A predictive controller is designed to further suppress the disturbance. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This research paper proposes a hybrid Whale Optimization Algorithm (WOA) variant based on Equilibrium Optimizer (EO), named Equilibrium Whale Optimization Algorithm (EWOA). The major finding lies in an efficient hybridization of bio-inspired (WOA) and physics-based (EO) metaheuristic algorithms. Upon mathematical modelling, EWOA proposes a main architecture that combines WOA's encircling and net-bubble attacking mechanisms via EO's weight balance strategy. The proposed algorithm was tested on 23 classical, 28 constrained CEC 2017, 30 unconstrained CEC 2017, 10 CEC 2019, and 10 CEC 2020 benchmark problems, in comparison with six recently proposed state-of-the-art algorithms (including WOA and EO). EWOA outperforms other algorithms with the best statistical mean performance on 46 out of 101 functions and the most promising clustering data in the graph, respectively. The fact that EWOA could achieve best statistical SD performance on 2 of the total 5 benchmark sets proves that EWOA is competitively robust. EWOA can converge to the optimum before 50% iterations of most benchmark functions, achieving the fastest convergence rate compared to other algorithms. The major contribution thereby lies in the successful development of this hybrid algorithm, which yields better optimization efficiency than the original and other state-of-the-art algorithms in terms of statistics, convergence and clustering. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Chemical Industry / Hemijska Industrija is the property of Association of Chemical Engineers and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

This paper analyzes the system describing the absorption solar collector as an application of nanoparticles for the storage of solar energy. The system involves two fractional partial differential equations (FPDEs) utilizing the Caputo fractional definition (CFD). Explicit solutions are determined for the temperature and velocity in terms of the Wright function (WrFn) via Laplace transform (LT). In addition, the solutions are expressed in terms of some well–known special functions at selected values of the fractional–order. Moreover, the behaviors of the temperature and velocity are investigated graphically using the thermo–physical data of the Cu/Al 2 O 3 –nanoparticles. Furthermore, some numerical results are conducted about the performance of the Cu and Al 2 O 3. The results reveal the higher efficiency/performance of the Cu–nanoparticles over the Al 2 O 3 and thus copper enjoys higher capability than alumina for the purpose of solar energy storage. In addition, it is found that 1.41% in the enhancement of heat transfer is achieved by adding 1% of the Cu–nanoparticles while the corresponding enhancement rate of the other three nanoparticles was less. Besides, the enhancement rate reaches 7.1% by increasing the volume fraction of the Cu–nanoparticles to 5%. Furthermore, the enhancement rates for the TiO 2 , Ag, and Al 2 O 3 are 5.41%, 6.47%, and 6.53%, respectively when using 5% of these nanoparticles. Finally, the advantages/effectiveness of the current approach over a previous work in the literature are discussed in detail. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Renewable powered dc microgrid is more cost-effective, simple, reliable, highly efficient, and scalable than the traditional electric grid. This paper provides an overview of high gain dc converter topologies for dc microgrids. This research's primary objective is to impart a unique extensive, comparative, and perceptive analysis in high gain converter configurations. The most recently reported research articles are considered for discussion in this paper. Initially, based on the structural configurations, the converters are segregated and are grouped into four categories, such as Replacement, Reduced Redundant Power Processing (R2P2), Incorporation, Integration (R2I2) techniques. Secondly, based on the dynamic and steady-state analysis, the topological converter configurations are comparatively analyzed. A few topologies' mathematical modeling is also discussed to obtain a comprehensive insight into the converter's dynamic behavior. An extensive analysis, comparisons, and assessment of these converters with diverse configurations are acquainted with tables and figures are presented for choosing an appropriate converter suitable for dc grid application. The pros and cons of the topology derivation under each categorization are presented for benefitting the researchers in selecting the topological configuration method. In the end, the comparison results of the high gain converter clusters are summarized, and recommendations are given, which leads to the guidelines for selecting a significant high gain topology for a specific application. Furthermore, the constraints considered for topology derivation with the type of analysis carried out are presented. This gives a way to find the scope for future research under this area which is finally offered. This study will also provide an insight into the derivation of several configurations of the novel high gain dc-dc converter in the field of dc microgrid. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper proposes an image enhancement algorithm based on the theory of image segmentation and image frequency. First, a mathematical model corresponding to the pixel frequency is established by using the difference of pigment values between the pixels in the image and the surrounding pixels (i.e., pixel receptive field). Then, the image is divided into the low frequency region (background area), low-medium frequency region (foreground area), medium-high frequency region (target area) and high frequency region (detail area) by a pixel frequency characteristic graph. Gamma correction, MSRCR, MSR, top hat + bottom hat are used for image enhancement for each area, and then the parts are merged. Three indicators of PSNR, SSIM, and MSE are introduced to evaluate the quality of the enhanced image. The results show that the image enhanced by this algorithm has the highest PSNR and SSIM values and the lowest MSE value, indicating that the enhancement effect of this algorithm is better. Compared with traditional algorithms, the image enhancement algorithm in this paper produces higher image quality and richer details. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The problem of motion of coupled harmonic oscillators can be modeled in the terms of system of ordinary differential equations (SODEs). In the present paper, authors used Sawi transformation for finding the solution of SODEs with application to determine the concentration of chemical reactants of chemical reaction in series. Authors have considered four numerical problems and determined their solutions step by step for explaining the complete method. After it, authors have taken a problem of physical chemistry for determining the concentration of chemical reactants (substances) of chemical reaction in series. Authors have obtained the solution of this problem by developing its mathematical model in terms of SODEs and then applying Sawi transformation on it. Results of this problem are visualized using tables and graphs. Results of the present paper show that the Sawi transformation provides us the exact solution of SODEs without large computational work. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

When solving multi-objective optimization problems, the blindness of the evolution direction of the population gradually emerges with the increase in the number of objectives, and there are also problems of convergence and diversity that are difficult to balance. The manyobjective optimization problem makes some classic multi-objective optimization algorithms face challenges due to the huge objective space. The sine cosine algorithm is a new type of natural simulation optimization algorithm, which uses the sine and cosine mathematical model to solve the optimization problem. In this paper, a knee-driven many-objective sine-cosine algorithm (MaSCA-KD) is proposed. First, the Latin hypercube population initialization strategy is used to generate the initial population, in order to ensure that the population is evenly distributed in the decision space. Secondly, special points in the population, such as nadir point and knee points, are adopted to increase selection pressure and guide population evolution. In the process of environmental selection, the diversity of the population is promoted through diversity criteria. Through the above strategies, the balance of population convergence and diversity is achieved. Experimental research on the WFG series of benchmark problems shows that the MaSCA-KD algorithm has a certain degree of competitiveness compared with the existing algorithms. The algorithm has good performance and can be used as an alternative tool for many-objective optimization problems. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

While disability is recognised by the United Nations Convention on the Rights of Persons with Disabilities (CRPD) as an evolving concept, the language of positive behaviour support has not kept pace with the current human rights-based approach. The widely-used terms 'challenging behaviour' and 'behaviours that challenge' imply that the behaviour is inherent in a person with disability. Words have power in shaping practice: when the behaviour of the person with disability is framed as the problem, this leads to a pathologisation or labelling that can provide a rationale to medicate and restrain as a way of 'managing the challenging behaviour'. Many behaviours seen as being challenging could be better understood as 'adaptive behaviours to maladaptive environments', or legitimate responses to difficult environments and situations. In this paper, we argue that the language and implementation of positive behaviour support should better take into account the CRPD and contemporary evidence on behaviour change interventions, which support a shift away from focusing on individuals' behaviours towards putting environments front and centre. We outline how the social-ecological model could be used as a framework to more explicitly address 'environments of concern' in developing tailored and system-wide responses to behaviour support needs. We argue there is an urgency for this paradigm shift to better reflect the views of people with disability and improve outcomes. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Journal of Theory & Practice in Education (JTPE) / Eğitimde Kuram ve Uygulama is the property of Journal of Theory & Practice in Education and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Ducts are conduits or passages used to supply, return, or exhaust air, needed for heating, ventilation, or air conditioning in multistory gigantic building structures. Rapid growth in population (especially in industrially concentrated regions) has led to the culture of constructing skyscrapers of tens of storeys, in which vertical ducts are the natural choice for removing polluted air. Due to the compactness of the building design, high voltage current-carrying wires are usually located very close to exhaust ducts carrying polluted air. Consequently, a natural motivation is to study how the magnetic field produced by such a wire affects the flow, driven by an external pressure gradient (for example, exhaust fan, vacuum pump, etc.) in a vertical duct. Therefore, the paper is devoted to understanding the interaction of the developed (thermally and hydrodynamically) flow in a vertical square duct with the magnetic field produced by a nearby placed current-carrying wire. The flow is assumed to be laminar and is driven by a constant external pressure gradient. For the thermal boundary condition, we assume a uniform heat flux across the unit axial length whereas a fixed temperature is also assumed over the peripheral surface of the duct. As a result of the mathematical modeling of the problem, we come across a system of coupled Poisson-like equations which are solved numerically by following a finite volume approach. We have noted that a sufficiently higher Rayleigh number may cause a reverse flow while reducing and flattening the thermal distribution in the middle of the duct. In addition the magnetic field further reduces the flow velocity, particularly near the duct wall where the current-carrying wire (causing the magnetic field) is positioned. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of African Journal of Reproductive Health is the property of Women's Health & Action Research Centre and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

The design and tuning of controllers for the industrial process is an art, which plays a vital role in many of the process control industries. The industries such as sugar, chemical, paper and other process control-based industries hold the nature of non-linearity due to their uneven distribution of load influence with disturbances. This paper highlights the study and investigation of different controlling parameters associated with the sugar industry which is located in the southern region of Tamil Nadu, India. After the analysis of various processes, the impact of controlling strategy needs to be implemented in an advanced way to minimize the resource utilization with high productivity. The behaviour of various process parameters, such as flow, temperature, level, pressure, is studied and one of these has been discussed in detail along with the controller design. The controller, such as proportional, integral, derivative, has been modified with advanced control phenomena and applied to process model with the presence of delay time provides the excellent tracking of operating point to bring the stability of a certain process in a tremendous manner. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The mathematical modeling and the control problem of the paraglider recovery system (PRS) are investigated in this paper. A 9-degree-of-freedom dynamic model describing the paraglider recovery control system is modeled including the inside relative rotation, the apparent mass, and the payload's time-varying inertia. On the basis of the attitude tracking error system, a novel practical fixed-time attitude tracking control approach is then proposed. The attitude tracking error is governed to converge into the small regions of the origin with a fixed-time convergence rate. Moreover, this rate is independent of any initial states. Simulation results are finally presented to illustrate the PRS performance obtained from the proposed control scheme. • A new high-fidelity model of the paraglider recovery system is established with the payload's time-varying inertia considering. • A user-friendly model that facilitates the control design is derived from the high-DOF model. • A novel practical fixed-time attitude tracking controller is developed. • Precise attitude tracking performance and fast convergence rate are achieved by the proposed scheme. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

With the development of communications and transportation worldwide, the challenge of controlling epidemiological diseases becomes higher. The COVID19 has put all nations in a lethal confront with a severe disease that needed serious and painful actions. The sooner the actions, the less destructive the impact. In this paper, we incorporate what we believe is crucial but applicable to control the spread of COVID19 in the populations, that is, quarantine. We keep the model as simple as SI Kermack-McKendrick model with an additional compartment of quarantined patients. We established the system's basic properties and studied the stability of the disease-free equilibrium and its relation to the basic reproduction number R 0 in which we calculated its formula. The focus of our study is to measure the effect of quarantine rate on controlling the spread of COVID19. We use the data collected from the Ministry of Health in Saudi Arabia. We studied three different values of the quarantine rate where newly infectious patients are detected and isolated within 14, 7, and 5 days. The simulations show a significant effect of the quarantine where COVID19 can be fully controlled if the newly infected patient enters the quarantine within five days. These results were proposed to the Public Health Authority in Saudi Arabia and approved by the Ministry of Health in which they applied promptly. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper presents a novel directional observer-based fault detection and isolation scheme for second-order networked control systems (NCS). The directional unknown input observer (UIO) tool is exploited to study the problem of distributed fault detection and isolation (FDI). Two design schemes with global and partial/local network models are proposed to solve the distributed FDI problem. Thresholds are computed for the application of the proposed schemes in a noisy environment. In addition, the salient features of the proposed schemes are that both fault detection and fault isolation are achieved in a single step using a single observer. The schemes are applied to power system models to validate their results. A detailed comparison with existing FDI schemes is also provided, which clearly shows the effectiveness of the proposed scheme in terms of computational requirements. • The direction unknown input observer is used for distributed fault detection and isolation. • Distributed FDI schemes with and without complete mathematical model of the system are presented. • The developed schemes are more efficient in terms of computational burden. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Since the observed angle of a phase-locked loop (PLL) is relatively accurate even under distorted grid conditions, the mathematical model of the voltage errors caused by the switching modulation and the dead-time effect are derived as a function of the grid voltage angle in this paper. Based on the model analysis, an adaptive compensation algorithm is proposed to suppress the grid-side current harmonics in three-phase converters. The proposed algorithm fits the unmeasurable voltage errors by a truncated Fourier series expansion, and then takes it as an equivalent disturbance in the current control loop to achieve harmonic compensation. By the feed-forward compensation, the design and tuning of the controller parameters are simplified and separated from the dynamic performance. In addition, the controller can adapt to the grid frequency variation by updating the grid voltage angle with the PLL block. To reduce the computational burden, a simplified version of the proposed method is also presented. Simulation and experiment results show that the proposed methods can suppress the current harmonics and achieve better performance in terms of total harmonic distortion, strong robustness and insensitivity to the grid frequency variations, compared with the traditional PI control or repetitive control strategy. [Display omitted] • A PI controller is designed to ensure satisfactory dynamic performance. • An adaptive method is employed to compensate the voltage errors caused by the switching modulation and the deadtime effect so as to suppress the grid current harmonics. • A simplified adaptive strategy is also presented to reduce the computational burden and the complexity to half of the original method. • The adaptive algorithm is less model-dependent and built based on the grid voltage angle with a PLL to achieve frequency adaption. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]