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In November 1645, Parliament coordinated the arrival of two armies before the Nottinghamshire town of Newark on Trent to besiege this major royalist garrison. To the north of the town was the Scottish army under the Earl of Leven and to the south English forces under the command of Colonel-General Poyntz of the Northern Association. Situated at the meeting of two great highways, and commanding the crossing nearest to the Humber on the river Trent, Newark had provided a major link between the king's headquarters at Oxford and the northern towns of Newcastle and York. Although the besieging armies were of comparable strength, the Scottish army alone was to generate extensive discontent and numerous petitions from parishes in the immediate vicinity of the town about the behaviour of its troops. Using both state papers and surviving local records, this paper seeks to explore the impact and logistics of both armies and examine whether the complaints against the Scots reflected major differences in their circumstances or was simply a coordination of local xenophobia by the parliamentarian gentry of the region seeking to influence wider political struggles at Westminster. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper examines how a National Tourism Organisation, VisitScotland is making use of scenario planning to identify key factors influencing tourism performance. The future of Scottish tourism to 2015 will be affected by macro-trends and drivers in UK society. These trends include demography, globalization, sustainability, technology/communication, politics, transport, fuel supply and pricing, and levels of inflation and affluence. These complex phenomena will impact on tourism in a range of interrelated ways which remain difficult to quantify. This paper will illustrate the utilization of the scenario planning approach to capture expert opinion and reflective discussion in order to build and inform potential futures for the Scottish tourism industry. 'What if' thinking is utilized to anticipate the future and conclusions are drawn from two potential future scenarios for Scottish tourism in 2015. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Management plans have now been published for the five United Kingdom industrial World Heritage Sites -- Ironbridge Gorge, the Blaenavon Industrial Landscape, the Derwent Valley Mills, New Lanark, and Saltaire. Many consider these to be exemplars in their field. This paper aims to present the context; give examples of the management parameters, objectives, and progress in implementation of the management plans for the five United Kingdom industrial Sites; relate these back to the provisions of the World Heritage Convention; and extract guidance that is relevant to the preparation and implementation of management plans for other complex heritage sites, specifically historic towns and cities. Although the management plans quoted in this paper relate to World Heritage Sites, they are relevant to complex heritage sites irrespective of whether they have achieved World Heritage status. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]