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Smart actuators have shown great potential for a range of industries, including artificial muscles, sensors, and smart devices. However, traditional actuators often suffer from small deformation and complex materials and manufacturing processes. Graphene oxide (GO) has emerged as an ideal candidate for moisture-responsive actuators due to its excellent moisture sensitivity. In this study, we present the development of a moisture-responsive actuator using a simple and straightforward approach based on a monolayer graphene oxide (GO) paper. By utilizing the different affinity of its two sides for water, the graphene oxide actuator demonstrates excellent performance in response to humidity gradients, achieving a large bending amplitude with a curvature of 3 cm−1. Furthermore, the graphene oxide actuator was used as a humidity-sensitive switch to perform on and off switch movements, demonstrating its capability for autonomous detection for real-time humidity monitoring. This work provides a new avenue for the development of moisture-responsive materials and their potential applications in the design of intelligent control systems, actuators, soft robots, artificial muscles, and switches. [Display omitted] • The paper introduces a novel moisture-responsive actuator made of a single layer of graphene oxide paper. • The actuator exploits the different water affinity of its two sides to bend in response to humidity changes. • The actuator can also function as a humidity-sensitive switch, enabling autonomous and real-time humidity detection. • The paper demonstrates the potential of graphene oxide as a material for smart actuators, sensors, and devices. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

To identify the trends of the top 100 cited articles on economic evaluation in preventive oral health programs. Top 100 papers involving economic evaluation or cost analysis of preventive oral health programs were selected by querying Scopus and Web of Science databases. Bibliometric analysis was performed using the Bibliometrix tool in R Studio. Performance analysis and science mapping were performed for these 100 articles. Performance analysis included publication-related metrics, citation-related metrics, and citation-publication-related metrics. Science mapping provided information on citation analysis, co-citation analysis, bibliographic coupling, co-word analysis, and co-authorship details. The total citation number of the top 100 most cited articles ranged from 4 to 98, with publication dates spanning from 1978 to 2023. The majority of articles (33.70 %) originated from the USA, while Community Dentistry and Oral Epidemiology stood out as the journal with the highest number of articles published in the top 100 (16 out of 100). Griffin PM emerged as the most cited author, based on the frequency measurement of the number of papers. Program data economic evaluation was the most commonly reported study design, and fluoridation programs were the most frequent topic. The most reported type of economic analysis performed in the articles was cost-effectiveness analysis. The bibliometric analysis of the top 100 most-cited articles on economic evaluation of preventive oral health programs revealed the lacunae in the research literature on this topic. Therefore, preventive oral health programs should be economically evaluated to eliminate the disparity in resource allocation particularly in upper middle income and low-income countries. [Display omitted] [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study investigates a novel isometric method utilizing an external focus instruction technique with a soft paper balloon. By emphasizing control to avoid crushing the balloon, this method promotes co-contraction of muscles without exerting pressure on the object. We aim to evaluate differences in muscle activation patterns during isometric hip abduction exercises between the paper balloon task and tasks using external resistance (hard plastic, non-elastic, and elastic bands), and further determine their influence on the contralateral side. Thirteen healthy adult males aged 20–28 years were recruited. Six trunk muscles (transversus abdominis [TrA], internal oblique [IO], external oblique, rectus abdominis, multifidus [MF], and lumbar erector spinae) and five lower-extremity muscles (gluteus maximus [GMax], gluteus medius [GMed], adductor longus, rectus femoris [RF], and biceps femoris [BF]) were measured using surface and fine-wire electrodes to compare the different isometric hip abduction exercises. The muscle activity did not differ between the abduction sides except for GMax and GMed with the elastic band and RF and BF with the hard plastic (p > 0.05). The trunk muscles (TrA, IO, and MF) were similarly activated with the paper balloon and external loading tasks; however, the paper balloon task activated trunk muscles without bearing weight, potentially avoiding pressure on the spine, knee, or hip joints. Moreover, all tasks showed muscle activation on the opposite side of the body. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

To evaluate variation in treatment plans and pathological findings related to maxillary second and third molars based on panoramic (PAN) images and cone beam CT (CBCT) among Danish and Dutch oral and maxillofacial surgeons. This web-based "paper" clinic contained 10 cases of impacted maxillary third molars comprising clinical information, PAN, and CBCT. Treatment plan and pathological findings were established based on clinical information and PAN, thereafter, based on CBCT by 28 surgeons. Options for treatment plan for third molars were no treatment, or tooth removal. Options for treatment plan for second molars were no treatment, tooth removal, or endodontic and/or filling therapy. The surgeons assessed external root resorption, marginal bone loss, and follicular space. A change in treatment plan between PAN and CBCT was registered between 0% and 43% of the surgeons among the cases. The surgeons did not agree completely on the treatment plan in any of the cases. Variation was present among the surgeons evaluating pathological findings. In several cases, severity of root resorption was rated worse in CBCT than in PAN. Variation in treatment plan and pathological findings was observed among surgeons. No correlation between change in pathological findings and change in treatment plan was found. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Digital transformation processes have been challenging organizations for a while. Moreover, sustainability has added another objection, aiming at reaching the United Nations Sustainable Development Goals as well as fulfilling environmental social governance reporting standards. Sustainability includes economic, ecological and social dimensions. However, previous research mainly focused on the first two aspects indicating contradictory results, especially in connection with digital transformation processes. Currently, the EU-27 countries struggle to include social sustainability in the digital transformation process design. The guiding question for this research is whether social sustainability is taken into account in digital transformation processes and how these affect employees regarding their motivation and health. The purpose of this concept paper is to outline a mixed method research design of a project using method triangulation. First, a systematic review combines prior literature on social sustainability in digital transformation processes in the areas of business psychology and information systems. Second, a two-wave online survey using the job demands-resources model examines the effects of the individual perception of social sustainability in digital transformation processes and digital skills on work engagement and digital transformation stress, adding job crafting and technical affinity as a mediator. Third, a vignette scenario study consisting of a 2x2 matrix includes digital transformation and social sustainability to high and low extent and analyses the effect within the previously stated adaption of the job demands-resources model, however, including technical affinity as a mediator. Consequently, in the sense of a triple transformation, the studies add the social aspect as a third dimension to the current twin transformation discussion referring to digital and ecological (green) transformation. This research project building on social sustainability in digital transformation processes demands for interdisciplinary work in designing studies and choosing appropriate triangulated methods to identify scientifically sound measures to practical complex challenges. Moreover, it is among the first projects comparing current literature in information systems and business psychology. The results of the studies should not only contribute to the theoretical and practical discussion, but also derive an interdisciplinary research agenda for social sustainability in digital transformation processes. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Citation scores (CS) have been traditionally used to measure the impact of scientific publications. Sourced from the Internet, Altmetric Attention Scores (AAS) are complementary metrics that assess how often publications are discussed and used globally. We compared by rank the top 500 papers by CS and AAS published in Clinical Nutrition with corresponding AAS and CS. A search for all publications in Clinical Nutrition was performed on Dimensions (https://app.dimensions.ai/discover/publication) on 3rd April 2024. Outputs were ranked according to CS and then by AAS with the top 500 in each category selected. Scores, year and type of publication were recorded. Correlation was expressed as the Spearman's rank coefficient (ϱ). We identified 18,790 outputs. Within the top 500 publications ranked by CS, there was a significant weak positive correlation (ϱ = 0.235, P < 0.0001) between CS [median (IQR) 149 (116–223)] and AAS [7 (3–22)]. Ranked by AAS, there was a non-significant very weak positive correlation (ϱ = 0.072, P = 0.106) between AAS [55.5 (36–115)] and CS [42 (16.5–94.5)]. Trends remained similar when grouped by publication type. Guidelines, ranked by CS, had the highest CS and ranked by AAS, the highest CS and AAS. Publications per year, by year, ranked by CS, had a negatively skewed distribution peaking in 2012 and declined thereafter, but when ranked by AAS, had a moderately positive linear trend from 2001 to 2024 (ϱ = 0.513, P < 0.0001). Correlation between CS and AAS was weak. Guidelines had the highest CS and AAS. CS are iterative taking years to mature while AAS are immediate. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The role of long-term parenteral support in patients with underlying benign conditions who do not have intestinal failure (IF) is contentious, not least since there are clear benefits in utilising the oral or enteral route for nutritional support. Furthermore, the risks of long-term home parenteral nutrition (HPN) are significant, with significant impacts on morbidity and mortality. There has, however, been a recent upsurge of the use of HPN in patients with conditions such as gastro-intestinal neuromuscular disorders, opioid bowel dysfunction, disorders of gut–brain interaction and possibly eating disorders, who do not have IF. As a result, the European Society of Clinical Nutrition and Metabolism (ESPEN), the European Society of Neuro-gastroenterology and Motility (ESNM) and the Rome Foundation for Disorders of Gut Brain Interaction felt that a position statement is required to clarify - and hopefully reduce the potential for harm associated with – the use of long-term parenteral support in patients without IF. Consensus opinion is that HPN should not be prescribed for patients without IF, where the oral and/or enteral route can be utilised. On the rare occasions that PN commencement is required to treat life-threatening malnutrition in conditions such as those listed above, it should only be prescribed for a time-limited period to achieve nutritional safety, while the wider multi-disciplinary team focus on more appropriate biopsychosocial holistic and rehabilitative approaches to manage the patient's primary underlying condition. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study conducts a comprehensive bibliometric analysis of highly cited papers in geosciences from 2013 to 2023, examining the temporal distribution of publications, the top 20 most cited papers, categorization by Web of Science categories (WC), journal distribution, and the relationship between open access and citation frequency. The analysis reveals significant growth in geoscientific research, particularly from 2016 onwards. Highly cited papers cover diverse and multidisciplinary topics, with leading journals identified as key dissemination platforms. The study also highlights the positive impact of open access on citation rates, emphasizing the importance of accessibility in enhancing research visibility and influence. These findings provide strategic guidance for researchers and institutions aiming to maximize the impact of their scientific contributions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Paper mulching films are affected by wind and rain in the field, which lead to the problems of water absorption, shrinkage, and friction with the soil surface. In order to achieve better hydrophobic durability and wear resistance of paper mulching films, a paper mulching film with ZnO/SiO 2 composite coating was prepared by the brush coating method. Taking ceramic balls as friction pairs, reciprocating friction tests were carried out with two kinds of paper mulching films at different temperatures. The morphology of the raw paper mulch film and the ZnO/SiO 2 composite-coated paper mulch film after rubbing at different temperatures and the reason of the hydrophobic durability of the coated paper mulch film were analyzed using a scanning electron microscope and a three-dimensional topography instrument. The results show that ZnO/SiO 2 composite coating can improve the wear resistance and hydrophobic durability of the paper mulch film. Through surface morphology analysis, it can be found that the composite coating plays a role in modification and filling and improves the adhesion between the fibers by reducing the pores on the surface of the paper mulch film, finally improving the wear resistance and hydrophobic durability of the paper mulch film. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The present paper reflects the position of the Italian Association for Neuroendocrine Tumors (Itanet), the Italian Society of Gastroenterology (SIGE), and the Italian Society of Digestive Endoscopy (SIED) regarding the management of patients affected by gastric, duodenal, and rectal neuroendocrine neoplasms (NENs) amenable to endoscopic treatment. The key questions discussed in this paper are summarized in Table 1. Data were extracted from the MEDLINE database through searches; expert opinions and recommendations are provided in accordance with the available scientific evidence and the authors' expertise. Recommendations are presented alongside a level of evidence and grade of recommendation based on the GRADE system. This paper specifically focuses on subgroups of NENs considered suitable for endoscopic management according to current international guidelines: i. well-differentiated gastric neuroendocrine tumors (gNET) type 1 < 2 cm and selected cases of type 3; ii. well-differentiated duodenal, non-functioning, non-ampullary NET with size < 2 cm; and well-differentiated rectal NET with size < 2 cm. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Urgent global action is required to combat climate change, with radiographers poised to play a significant role in reducing healthcare's environmental impact. This paper explores radiography-related activities and factors in resource-limited departments contributing to the carbon footprint and proposes strategies for mitigation. The rationale is to discuss the literature regarding these contributing factors and to raise awareness about how to promote sustainability activities in clinical radiography practice and education in resource-limited countries. The radiography-related activities and factors contributing to the carbon footprint in resource-limited countries include the use of old equipment and energy inefficiency, insufficient clean energy to power equipment, long-distance commuting for radiological examinations, high film usage and waste, inadequate training and research on sustainable practices, as well as limited policies to drive support for sustainability. Addressing these issues requires a multifaceted approach. Firstly, financial assistance and partnerships are needed to adopt eco-friendly technologies and clean energy sources to power equipment, thus tackling issues related to old equipment and energy inefficiency. Transitioning to digital radiography can mitigate the environmental impact of high film usage and waste, while collaboration between governments, healthcare organisations, and international stakeholders can improve access to radiological services, reducing long-distance commuting. Additionally, promoting education programmes and research efforts in sustainability will empower radiographers with the knowledge to practice sustainably, complemented by clear policies such as green imaging practices to guide and incentivise the adoption of sustainable practices. These integrated solutions can significantly reduce the carbon footprint of radiography activities in resource-limited settings while enhancing healthcare delivery. Radiography-related activities and factors in resource-limited departments contributing to the carbon footprint are multifaceted but can be addressed through concerted efforts. Addressing the challenges posed by old equipment, energy inefficiency, high film usage, and inadequate training through collaborative efforts and robust policy implementation is essential for promoting sustainable radiography practices in resource-limited countries. Radiographers in these countries need to be aware of these factors contributing to the carbon footprint and begin to work with the relevant stakeholders to mitigate them. Furthermore, there is a need for them to engage in education programmes and research efforts in sustainability to empower them with the right knowledge and understanding to practice sustainably. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Primary care healthcare professionals (PCHPs) are pivotal in managing chronic diseases and present a unique opportunity for nutrition-related disease prevention. However, the active involvement of PCHPs in nutritional care is limited, influenced by factors like insufficient education, lack of resources, and time constraints. In this position paper The European Society for Clinical Nutrition and Metabolism (ESPEN) promotes the active engagement of PCHPs in nutritional care. We emphasize the importance of early detection of malnutrition by screening and diagnosis, particularly in all individuals presenting with risk factors such as older age, chronic disease, post-acute disease conditions and after hospitalization for any cause. ESPEN proposes a strategic roadmap to empower PCHPs in clinical nutrition, focusing on education, tools, and multidisciplinary collaboration. The aim is to integrate nutrition into medical curricula, provide simple screening tools for primary care, and establish referral pathways to address malnutrition systematically. In conclusion, we urge for collaboration with PCHP organizations to raise awareness, enhance nutrition skills, facilitate dietitian accessibility, establish multidisciplinary teams, and promote referral pathways, thereby addressing the underestimated clinical challenge of malnutrition in primary care. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Understanding the intellectual structure of geosciences is crucial for identifying emerging topics, which can guide future research and funding strategies. This study employs Latent Dirichlet Allocation (LDA) topic modeling and co-word network analysis to explore the intellectual landscape of highly cited geoscientific papers. Through empirical analysis, the study identifies 15 research areas, including climate change, geological processes, environmental impacts, and advancements in data analysis and remote sensing. These findings highlight the prominent role of big data analysis and machine learning methods across various geoscientific domains. Additionally, a notable gap has been identified in the integration of these computational methods with research on organic chemistry and formation processes, suggesting a potential direction for future exploration and innovation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

To evaluate the reliability of the Enhanced Paper Grip Test (EPGT) for assessing foot strength in volleyball and soccer players. A cross-sectional observational study with repeated measurements. Field-based study. A convenience sample of 28 athletes (13 volleyball players and 15 soccer players) participated in the study. The main outcome measures were the intraclass correlation coefficients (ICC) for intra-visit and inter-visit reliability, typical error, and coefficient of variation for the force (N) recorded in EPGT test. The EPGT demonstrated good to excellent relative reliability (ICC values ranged from 0.93 to 0.97) and acceptable absolute reliability (typical error = 5–8 % of the mean). Significant inter-limb asymmetries were observed in both volleyball (16.0 ± 10.2%) and soccer players (15.3 ± 9.8%). The EPGT is a reliable tool for assessing foot strength in volleyball and soccer players. Further research is required to explore the applicability of EPGT in different athletic and clinical contexts, and its potential role in athletic performance and injury prevention. • EPGT shows high reliability for foot strength in athletes. • Significant inter-limb asymmetries were found in both groups. • Study supports EPGT's utility in diverse athletic populations. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The practice of recto-colonic water irrigation to treat constipation has been used since ancient times with different, uncontrolled, and variably performing methods which have been considered interchangeably all alike. The use of better-performing devices with a standardized methodology is relatively recent, and the term Trans Anal Irrigation (TAI) defines a methodology performed with devices able to control the timing, volume, and pressure of the water introduced into the rectum and colon utilizing a catheter or a cone through the anus. Such practice has been implemented with favorable responses in patients with refractory chronic constipation secondary to neurological diseases. However, since the role of Trans Anal Irrigation as a therapeutic aid in chronic functional constipation and functional evacuation disorders is not yet fully clarified and standardized, a group of clinical investigators with recognized expertise in these clinical conditions intends to clarify the elements that characterize a TAI procedure that can benefit patients with functional constipation and functional defecation disorders defined according to the lastly updated Rome Diagnostic Criteria. Finally, the paper deals with adherence and practical implementation of TAI. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

[Display omitted] • Primary prevention is complex and needs the consent of a patient without disease. • Primary prevention requires adoption of new behaviours or taking medications. • Reduction of LDL-C is an excellent target for reducing risk of a cardiovascular event. • The patient must be convinced that LDL-C is a key marker of cardiovascular risk. Low-density lipoprotein cholesterol has been established as a powerful cardiovascular risk factor; its reduction provides a clinical benefit in primary cardiovascular prevention, irrespective of the characteristics of the patients treated. It is useful to tailor low-density lipoprotein cholesterol targets according to the magnitude of cardiovascular risk (low, high or very high) in order to reduce the cardiovascular risk as fully as possible. In order to provide a uniform approach, it is necessary to propose recommendations for good practice, defining strategies for reducing low-density lipoprotein cholesterol. It is also necessary to know their merits, to analyse their practical limits and to propose adaptations, taking into account limitations and national specifics. This position paper aims to analyse the contribution and limits, as well as the adaptation to French practice, of 2019 and 2021 European Society of Cardiology recommendations for the management of lipid variables and cardiovascular prevention. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

As part of efforts to modernize the Youth Risk Behavior Surveillance System, the national Youth Risk Behavior Survey (YRBS) is moving from paper-and-pencil instrument (PAPI) administration to electronic administration using tablets. This study aimed to examine differences in demographic characteristics and the reporting of health behaviors and experiences between the PAPI- and tablet-administered 2021 national YRBS questionnaire. High school students (grades 9–12) in classrooms from 57 schools participating in the 2021 national YRBS were assigned randomly to complete the survey using PAPI (n = 4,684 students) or using tablets (n = 3,645 students). Eighty-nine behavior and experience items were examined to compare the missingness in reporting and the prevalence estimation (i.e., proportions) by administration mode. Demographic characteristics (sex, race/ethnicity, grade, and sexual identity) did not differ by mode (PAPI vs. tablet). For the majority (93.2%, 83 out of 89) of YRBS behavior and experience items, mode was not significantly associated with the reported proportions, adjusting for sex, race/ethnicity, grade, and sexual identity. However, 30 out of 89 (33.7%) items showed significant variation in missingness by mode; 10 items had higher missingness with PAPI administration while 20 had higher missingness with tablet administration. Survey administration mode was not significantly associated with behavior and experience reporting among high school students. More research is needed to understand differential patterns of missingness by mode. Aligning with Centers for Disease Control and Prevention's Public Health Data Modernization Initiative, findings from this study provide evidence to support electronic survey administration for the national YRBS, particularly using tablet data collection. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Extended reality (XR) enables both new opportunities but also introduces new barriers for inclusion in society. Furthermore, XR is less researched than web, desktop and mobile applications. This position paper presents the concept of an XR platform for inclusion, with the purpose to make people on the autism spectrum and with other disabilities, more independent of help from others in everyday life situations. Based on previous research, our position is that, through current and future XR technologies combined with civic and artificial intelligence, it is possible to create individually personalised support for this purpose, grounded in practice to ensure validation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Despite incredible growth in systems of care and rapidly expanding therapeutic options for people with inflammatory bowel disease, there are significant barriers that prevent patients from benefiting from these advances. These barriers include restrictions in the form of prior authorization, step therapy, and prescription drug coverage. Furthermore, inadequate use of multidisciplinary care and inflammatory bowel disease specialists limits patient access to high-quality care, particularly for medically vulnerable populations. However, there are opportunities to improve access to high-quality, patient-centered care. This position statement outlines the policy and advocacy goals that the American Gastroenterological Association will prioritize for collaborative efforts with patients, providers, and payors. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Creasing and folding are fundamental steps in many manufacturing processes of multi-material paperboard packaging. The complex structure of these materials, which comprise layers of cellulose fibres, aluminium, and polyethylene, coupled with the growing complexity of packaging designs, make these process operations essential to ensure the required structural integrity for packaging as well as their functionality in daily life. This paper introduces an approach for modelling damage in paper-based sandwich materials by integrating fibre-based and cohesive numerical modelling techniques. The results prove the effectiveness of the proposed methodology, opening new possibilities for process design and optimization in packaging manufacturing. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Digital cytology and artificial intelligence (AI) are gaining greater adoption in the cytology laboratory. However, peer-reviewed real-world data and literature are lacking in regard to the current clinical landscape. The American Society of Cytopathology in conjunction with the International Academy of Cytology and the Digital Pathology Association established a special task force comprising 20 members with expertise and/or interest in digital cytology. The aim of the group was to investigate the feasibility of incorporating digital cytology, specifically cytology whole slide scanning and AI applications, into the workflow of the laboratory. In turn, the impact on cytopathologists, cytologists (cytotechnologists), and cytology departments were also assessed. The task force reviewed existing literature on digital cytology, conducted a worldwide survey, and held a virtual roundtable discussion on digital cytology and AI with multiple industry corporate representatives. This white paper, presented in 2 parts, summarizes the current state of digital cytology and AI practice in global cytology practice. Part 1 of the white paper is presented as a separate paper which details a review and best practice recommendations for incorporating digital cytology into practice. Part 2 of the white paper presented here provides a comprehensive review of AI in cytology practice along with best practice recommendations and legal considerations. Additionally, the cytology global survey results highlighting current AI practices by various laboratories, as well as current attitudes, are reported. • The American Society of Cytopathology in conjunction with the International Academy of Cytology and the Digital Pathology Association established a special task force comprising 20 members with expertise and/or interest in digital cytology to investigate the feasibility of incorporating digital cytology and artificial intelligence applications into the workflow of the laboratory. • The task force reviewed existing literature on digital cytology, conducted a worldwide survey, and held a virtual roundtable discussion on digital cytology and artificial intelligence (AI) with multiple industry corporate representatives. • Part 2 of the white paper presented here provides a comprehensive review of artificial intelligence in cytology practice along with best practice recommendations and legal considerations. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Digital cytology and artificial intelligence (AI) are gaining greater adoption in the cytopathology laboratory. However, peer-reviewed real-world data and literature are lacking regarding the current clinical landscape. The American Society of Cytopathology in conjunction with the International Academy of Cytology and the Digital Pathology Association established a special task force comprising 20 members with expertise and/or interest in digital cytology. The aim of the group was to investigate the feasibility of incorporating digital cytology, specifically cytology whole slide scanning and AI applications, into the workflow of the laboratory. In turn, the impact on cytopathologists, cytologists (cytotechnologists), and cytology departments were also assessed. The task force reviewed existing literature on digital cytology, conducted a worldwide survey, and held a virtual roundtable discussion on digital cytology and AI with multiple industry corporate representatives. This white paper, presented in 2 parts, summarizes the current state of digital cytology and AI practice in global cytology practice. Part 1 of the white paper presented herein is a review and offers best practice recommendations for incorporating digital cytology into practice. Part 2 of the white paper provides a comprehensive review of AI in cytology practice along with best practice recommendations and legal considerations. Additionally, the results of a global survey regarding digital cytology are highlighted. • The American Society of Cytopathology in conjunction with the International Academy of Cytology and the Digital Pathology Association established a special task force comprising 20 members with expertise and/or interest in digital cytology to investigate the feasibility of incorporating digital cytology and artificial intelligence applications into the workflow of the laboratory. • The task force reviewed existing literature on digital cytology, conducted a worldwide survey, and held a virtual roundtable discussion on digital cytology and artificial intelligence with multiple industry corporate representatives. • Part 1 of the white paper presented herein is a review and offers best practice recommendations for incorporating digital cytology into practice. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

[Display omitted] • The healthcare system is a significant contributor to global warming. • Cardiac electrophysiology mainly uses high-tech single-use medical devices. • Worldwide complex supply chain for medical treatment, particularly medical devices. • The complex supply chain has led to device shortages. • Reprocessing of medical devices labelled single use could be part of the solution. • All stakeholders must engage sustainability efforts. Sustainability in healthcare, particularly within the domain of cardiac electrophysiology, assumes paramount importance for the near future. The escalating environmental constraints encountered necessitate a proactive approach. This position paper aims to raise awareness among physicians, spark critical inquiry and identify potential solutions to enhance the sustainability of our practice. Reprocessing of single-use medical devices has emerged as a potential solution to mitigate the environmental impact of electrophysiology procedures, while also offering economic advantages. However, reprocessing remains unauthorized in certain countries. In regions where it is possible, stringent regulatory standards must be adhered to, to ensure patient safety. It is essential that healthcare professionals, policymakers and manufacturers collaborate to drive innovation, explore sustainable practices and ensure that patient care remains uncompromised in the face of environmental challenges. Ambitious national/international programmes of disease prevention should be the cornerstone of the strategy. It is equally vital to implement immediate actions, as delineated in this position paper, to bring about tangible change quickly. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Radiography education is pivotal in training skilled radiographers for diagnostic imaging and therapeutic applications. With technological advancements, interest in innovative educational tools to enhance traditional teaching methods is growing. This discussion paper explores the possibility of the integration of ChatGPT, a cutting-edge conversational AI language model, into radiography education. We report that ChatGPT offers interactive learning opportunities that can facilitate learning. It also provides self-paced learning, revision platforms, and supports educators in scenario creation, assessment development, group collaboration, and professional and research activities. Despite these benefits, it is important to carefully consider issues related to academic integrity and privacy, along with the opportunities and challenges presented by this new technology in radiography education. This paper highlights some of the prospects and limitations of the potential applications of ChatGPT in radiography education, underscoring the benefits for both students and educators. However, its implementation must be considered thoughtfully and ethically, taking into account its strengths and limitations. Integrating ChatGPT in radiography education has the potential to improve radiography education by improving digital literacy and graduate outcomes of students while streamlining the preparation process for educators. However, ethical implementation is vital for optimal outcomes. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Bibliometric analysis of highly cited papers facilitates researchers in formulating strategic research possibilities and addressing gaps in specific domains. In this context, a bibliometric analysis was conducted to identify published papers on "oral mucosal lesions in COVID-19" within medical literature. A comprehensive search was performed in the Scopus database in July 2023. Relevant articles were retrieved, reviewed, and data for the bibliometric analysis was recorded. Network visualization of authors, countries, and keywords was generated using VOSviewer software. The analyzed articles were published over the last three years, from 2020 to 2023, with the highest output observed in 2021. The citation count for individual papers ranged from 1 to 340, with a mean of 22.325 ± 58.93 citations. A total of 37 journals were involved in publishing papers on this topic, and five authors each contributed three papers. Notably, Brazil made the highest number of contributions with eight papers. Among the 40 papers, 19 were review papers and 16 were articles discussing various aspects of oral mucosal lesions in COVID-19 patients. Additionally, six papers were identified as systematic reviews, designated with a high level of evidence. This study presents a comprehensive bibliometric analysis of papers published on "oral mucosal lesions in COVID-19." The findings will assist researchers in identifying impactful papers, understanding the prevailing research trends, and guiding future research directions in this domain. The insights gained from this analysis can contribute significantly to advancing knowledge and improving patient care in this critical area of study. • First comprehensive bibliometric analysis on "oral mucosal lesions in COVID-19" in medical literature. • Offers valuable insights to researchers for strategic planning and further exploration in this domain. • Thoroughly examined articles from 2020 to 2023, with a peak in output observed in 2021. • Six systematic reviews among 40 papers, indicating high-quality evidence-based studies. • Brazil emerged as the top contributor with eight papers on the subject. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In recent years, the research pertaining to speech recognition technology in the Kazakh language has gained significant importance. This is due to the increasing demand for natural language processing applications in the region where Kazakh is predominantly spoken. Thus, there exists an urgent requirement for precise and dependable speech recognition systems. The research study examines the application of sophisticated deep learning methodologies, such as Natural Language Processing (NLP) and Hidden Markov Model (HMM), in facilitating speech recognition for the Kazakh language. Additionally, the investigation delves into how various techniques, including data preprocessing, acoustic modeling, and language modeling, can aid in devising effective speech recognition systems. The article deliberates on the feasible uses of speech recognition technology in the geographic area where Kazakh language is spoken and outlines its future research prospects. The investigation underscores the significance of persistent inquiry in this realm to confront distinctive obstacles encountered in creating speech recognition systems for languages with restricted resources. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This consensus document for the performance of Cardiovascular Computed Tomography (CCT) to guide intervention in the right ventricular outflow tract (RVOT) in patients with congenital disease (CHD) was developed collaboratively by pediatric and adult interventionalists, surgeons and cardiac imagers with expertise specific to this patient subset. The document summarizes definitions of RVOT dysfunction as assessed by multi-modality imaging techniques and reviews existing consensus statements and guideline documents pertaining to indications for intervention. In the context of this background information, recommendations for CCT scan acquisition and a standardized approach for reporting prior to surgical or transcatheter pulmonary valve replacement are proposed and presented. It is the first Imaging for Intervention collaboration for CHD patients and encompasses imaging and reporting recommendations prior to both surgical and percutaneous pulmonary valve replacement. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The residue of fungicides in food packaging paper materials is one of the important factors leading to food safety problems, which poses a serious threat to public health. (2-benzothiazolylthio) methyl thiocyanate (TCMTB) is an important anti-mildew fungicide, which is widely used in wood and paper industry. In order to ensure the health of consumers, it is of great significance to establish an efficient and sensitive rapid detection method for TCMTB in food packaging materials. In this study, we prepared monoclonal antibody (mAb) against TCMTB with the IC 50 value of 7.60 ng/mL, and subsequently developed an immunochromatographic assay (ICA) strip based on the mAb for the rapid detection of TCMTB residues. The calculated detection limit of the ICA strip in food packaging paper was 3.20 ng/g, and the recovery rate was within an acceptable range, ranging from 97.7% to 102.7%. Therefore, the developed ICA is expected to realize the rapid screening of TCMTB residues in food packaging paper. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Lightweight, low-cost, eco-friendly, and mechanically flexible Ti 3 C 2 T x (MXene) electrodes require for paper electronics. We develop a highly durable and conductive traditional Korean paper (Hanji) covered with MXene for Hanji-based paper electronics. The effective networking of MXene on the cellulose structure of Hanji leads to a highly conductive and flexible Hanji which acts as a multi-functional paper for Hanji-based paper electronics. Owing to the synergetic combination of Hanji and MXene, the as-prepared Hanji/MXene exhibits a low sheet resistance of 0.62 Ohm square−1, and outstanding mechanical stability without breaking the Hanji fibers. To further evaluate the potential of our Hanji/MXene composite, its performance in electromagnetic interference (EMI) shielding, interconnectors, heaters, supercapacitors, and temperature sensor applications is investigated. Shielding and heater paper samples employing Hanji/MXene-based electrodes show an EMI shielding efficiency (EMI SE) of 43.3 dB and saturation temperature of 76 °C at a low voltage of 3 V. Moreover, the Hanji/MXene-based supercapacitors exhibit a capacitance of 139.6 mF cm−2 at a current density of 1 mA cm−2. Furthermore, the Hanji/MXene-based temperature sensors exhibit an effective sensing performance over a wide temperature range. Overall, the successful operation of Hanji-based EMI shielding devices, interconnectors, heaters, supercapacitors, and temperature sensors indicates that Hanji/MXene serves as a promising conductive paper substrate for multi-functional paper electronics. [Display omitted] • We developed highly durable and conductive traditional Korean paper (Hanji) covered with MXene for paper electronics. • Owing to the synergetic combination of Hanji and MXene, the Hanji/MXene shows a low sheet resistance of 0.62 Ohm/square. • The MXene/Hanji composites were applied to EMI shielding, heaters, supercapacitors, and temperature sensors. • Hanji/MXene composites demonstrates that it serves as a promising conductive paper substrate for paper electronics. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

An ongoing challenge in academic radiology is balancing the need to read the scans and generate relative value units (RVUs) with the need to ensure academic leadership and the consistent production of impactful publications. Indeed, the tripartite mission of academic radiology (i.e. clinical care, research, and teaching) does not lend itself to obvious answers in an era when institutions and departments are increasingly focused on RVU generation. Even the minority of radiologists who are interested in pursuing the academic mission and accept academic jobs are likely to find their time increasingly squeezed by massive volumes of scans to read and the priority placed on RVU generation. There are often no incentives for impactful academic work, leading to a decreasing relative number of manuscript submissions from U.S.-based researchers. With the lack of external incentivization for publication, writing and publishing papers must instead be driven by intrinsic enjoyment and a sense of accomplishment. The ability to think of an idea, to get a group of co-authors together, to acquire the data and/or put together the idea into a form that is ready for final publication, and to see that process through to the end is rewarded only by personal satisfaction. Perhaps, in the era of RVU generation, publishing papers in a form of defiance of a system that is hampering the academic mission. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Traditional paper-based educational systems posed significant challenges in centralizing institutional education resources, tracking completion, and referencing back to education presentations, thereby inhibiting seamless access, collaboration, and completion. Our project aimed to improve nursing education by transitioning from paper-based educational items to a digital Learning Management System (LMS) to enhance accessibility, completion, and tracking of educational requirements. Our primary objective was to streamline and consolidate all education materials into one comprehensive digital LMS – a centralized platform of educational resources from multiple sites to give staff easy access to all education materials for easy reference and tracking. We surveyed nurses on previous-existing paper-based educational items and how it affected their overall satisfaction. A fishbone diagram showed us areas of improvement for institutional and unit-based education items. We collaborated with the PACU Leadership and Education Committee nursing teams to identify a suitable LMS platform and organize the educational content and process. We conducted group and individual training sessions to familiarize staff with the new digital system, to ensure a smooth transition. Continuous feedback loops were placed to enhance user experiences and evolving needs. We sought to improve the ability of staff to complete education items by their due dates by 10% and reached 12% improvement. The level of feeling overwhelmed was also reduced by 13%. The successful implementation of the digital LMS resulted in a centralized hub for all nursing education resources, seamless access to assignments, and serves as a tracking system for members and leadership that can ultimately improve patient care outcomes. The digital LMS has significantly reduced time spent searching for paper materials and increased engagement in learning activities, leading to improved efficiency and productivity. The digital LMS has foundationally created a way to leverage advanced technologies and foster a culture of continuous learning, which contributes to improved patient care, enhanced patient safety, and overall advancement of the perianesthesia nursing practice. The success of this transformation highlights the importance of embracing digital solutions to optimize education communication in healthcare. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Pulp and paper wastewater sludges are waste streams produced in major quantities across the world. The recycling of these organic sludges, for example to soil amendments, is desired in the circular economy but carries the risk of potential pollutants to be also introduced into the environment. Pulp and paper wastewater sludges have been scarcely studied matrices in the microplastic research due to their complex composition. In this study, we optimized an extraction process for microplastics from pulp and paper wastewater sludges, and quantified and characterized microplastics down to 20 μm in primary sludge and biosludge generated at the wastewater treatment plant of a multi-product pulp and paper mill in Finland. The occurrence of microplastics was high in primary sludge, 900–1600 microplastics g−1 dry weight, while the maximum number of detected microplastics in biosludge samples remained at 210 g−1 dry weight. Biosludge samples suffered from larger amounts of remaining solids after the extraction process, thus compromising the detection of smaller microplastics (<100 μm) and increasing the uncertainty related to the interpretation of the results. The most prevalent microplastic shape in all samples was fragment, and the most recurring polymer types were polyethylene and polypropylene, while a polystyrene-based copolymer represented approximately 10% of identified microplastics in primary sludge. The present study advances the development of microplastic analysis of the challenging pulp and paper wastewater sludges and brings novel information to the progressing discussion of their circulation potential. [Display omitted] • Varying consistency of pulp and paper sludges challenges microplastics extraction. • Primary sludge shows higher microplastic occurrence than biosludge. • Prevalent microplastic types in both sludges are PE and PP fragments. • Microplastic analysis from pulp and paper sludges requires further attention. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

• Investigating the correlation between citation counts and Altmetrics across diverse trajectory types and disciplines. • Analyzing the association between Altmetrics and citation trajectory types. • Altmetrics indicators significantly vary among papers with different citation trajectory types. While providers try to control the quality of the data, the applicability of Altmetrics indicators to the assessment of scientific papers remains an open question. One important reason is that the citation counts used to explain and evaluate the applicability of Altmetrics in this regard do not directly and completely reflect the impact and quality of papers. In view of the fact that the introduction of citation trajectory helps to enrich our understanding of the impact and quality of papers, this study first discusses the correlation between citation counts and Altmetrics indicators of papers under different citation trajectory types on the basis of dividing five citation trajectory types and considering possible influences such as field and publication year. Then, after controlling the relevant variables, we construct a multinomial logistic regression with the citation trajectory type as the dependent variable to analyze the possible relationship between Altmetrics and the citation trajectory type of papers. Finally, we construct a decision tree model and a regression model after mixed sampling to verify the robustness of the regression results. The findings reveal that there were significant differences in the performance of Altmetrics indicators among papers with different citation trajectory types. The applicability of Altmetrics for evaluating papers with different citation trajectory types should be judged carefully. At the same time, it is suggested that robust Altmetrics (such as save) can be applied to assess the quality of papers and characterize the citation life cycle. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

• Innovative EST detection: a novel framework combining text modeling and neural prophet for precise identification of emerging scientific topics (ESTs). • Addressing content innovation: beyond novelty, we account for knowledge diffusion lag, enhancing the EST detection approach. • Empirical validation: robust evaluation on diverse disciplinary datasets (LIS and AI) confirms the framework's effectiveness. • Accurate future prediction: neural prophet outperforms baselines, enabling accurate forecasting of emerging attributes. • Valuable insights: clustered ESTs offer strategic market theory-based insights into scientific knowledge dissemination dynamics. Existing studies on the detection of emerging scientific topics (ESTs) overemphasize the newness and neglect content innovation of knowledge. Moreover, they also ignore the lag existing in knowledge diffusion. In this paper, we propose a four-stage detection framework for ESTs that maps emerging attributes from paper entities to scientific topics. Empirical studies based on two significantly different disciplinary datasets, IS-LS, and AI, which contain 73,601 and 255,620 publications, respectively, are employed to validate our approach. First, we generate 29 and 47 candidate scientific topics based on topic modeling, respectively. Second, we represent the novelty of paper entities based on pre-trained language models, which is mapped to scientific topic entities along with knowledge distributions to obtain topic emerging attributes: topic novelty, relative share and growth. Third, we propose to predict future trends of these attributes with Neural Prophet, which outperforms four baseline models in R 2 , M A E and R M S E. Finally, combining future values of candidate scientific topics, they are grouped into 8 clusters containing two ESTs types through strategic market theory and clustering model. From the correlation and feature distribution analysis of emerging attributes, we discover the existence of resilience and scale advantage in the diffusion of scientific knowledge. There also exists significant uncertainty in previous citation-based scientific topic evaluation patterns caused by the complexity of citation behavior. Overall, this research enriches theoretical knowledge and detection frameworks of ESTs, and provides detailed insights into comprehensive assessment and dissemination of scientific topics. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Particulate-matter (PM) air filters comprising chemically synthesized polymers and petroleum-based materials are not environmentally sustainable because they do not biodegrade, causing secondary environmental pollution. To overcome this problem, we synthesized and analyzed the PM-capturing performance of composite sandwich-structured air filters containing bamboo-derived lignocellulose nanofibers and lignocellulose base paper. Bamboo pulp was produced through an organosolv process, and lignocellulose nanofibers and lignocellulose base paper were manufactured via electrospinning and paper processes, respectively. The manufacturing process was not only optimized via a rheological analysis of the precursor solution with different mixed solvent composition (6:4, 5:5, and 4:6 of 1-ethyl-3-methylimidazolium acetate:dimethylformamide) and different lignocellulose weight percent (3.3, 4.0, and 4.6 wt%), but also via nanofiber characterization, including electrospinnability, diameter distribution, and basis weight. The base paper condition was optimized based on analyses of the air permeability, PM filtration efficiency, and strength according to the paper thickness of 0.38 ± 0.05 and 0.10 ± 0.05 mm. As the lignocellulose nanofibers and base paper effectively captured particles smaller and larger than 2.5 μm, respectively, the structure of their composite sandwich-structured air filter was optimized to improve its PM-capturing performance. The study results provide new insights into the manufacturing of highly efficient PM air filters suitable for practical applications with diverse PM size distributions. [Display omitted] • Environmentally friendly, cellulose-based particulate matter air filter. • A layered filter with bamboo-derived cellulose nanofibers and cellulose paper. • Optimized composite air filter structure. • Efficient capture of both small and large particulate matter. • The development of highly efficient all-particle filters. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Monitoring phosphate and copper ions is vital for environmental and food safety due to associated health risks. To address this need, a new cobalt and bi-organic ligand based metal organic framework (BDC-Co-BIm MOF) has been developed. This MOF acts as a dual-function nanozyme, displaying peroxidase-like activity and selective detection abilities for PO 4 3- ion. The Co(II) nodes and sp2 carbon within the framework exhibit excellent Fenton-like reaction, efficiently catalyzing the conversion of 3,3′,5,5′-tetramethylbenzidine (TMB) into oxidised TMB (oxTMB). Also, steady-state kinetic analysis indicated that BDC-Co-BIm MOF exhibited high affinity toward both TMB and H 2 O 2. The Co(II) nodes and positive charge of the BDC-Co-BIm MOF capture PO 4 3- ion through Co-O-P bonding and electrostatic interaction, limiting the electron transfer between BDC-Co-BIm MOF and H 2 O 2. This reduces TMB oxidation and changes the color from blue to colorless. When ionic Cu2+ ion are added to the system, they react with PO 4 3- ion to form a stable Cu 3 (PO 4) 2 complex. This reactivates the electron transfer process, allowing the H 2 O 2 to decompose into •OH. As a result, TMB oxidation is restored and producing the blue color product again. Based on these principles, a colorimetric assay has been developed for the rapid and selective detection of PO 4 3- and Cu2+ ions. A strong linear correlation has been established between their concentrations and the UV absorbance at 652 nm, with limit of detection (LOD) of PO 4 3- and Cu2+ was 0.05 and 0.13 µM, respectively. These limits are notably lower than the thresholds established by the Environmental Protection Agency and World Health Organization (EPA & WHO) at 0.18 µM for PO 4 3- and 30 µM for Cu2+. A Paper-based smartphone-assisted sensing of PO 4 3- and Cu2+ ions was successfully achieved using intelligent Red, Green, and Blue (RGB) analysis. The platform showed high selectivity and performance with environmental water samples. This research presents a novel method for visually detecting PO 4 3- and Cu2+ ions using versatile nanozyme, advancing portable on-site environmental safety analysis. [Display omitted] • The sensor uses a new cobalt-MOF, validating innovative material application. • A paper strip sensor was advanced for PO 4 3- and Cu2+ with LODs of 0.05 and 0.13 µM. • The use of paper strips provides a low-cost and straightforward sensing. • Smartphone-RGB study enhances ease of use and accessibility for strips results. • Sensor applied in real water, proving useful for environs water quality monitoring. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A recent paper by Karpov et al. (2024) discusses forest disturbances on Kunashir Island due to windstorms and bark beetle outbreaks. The study uses medium-resolution satellite data, which we argue is conceptually flawed for analyzing windthrows and spruce dieback in mixed forests of the study area. The results significantly underestimate disturbed areas by over 50 %. Here we highlight the methodological shortcomings of the Karpov et al. (2024) study and caution against using medium-resolution data for forest disturbance detection in mixed forests. Such underestimations can provide an extremely imprecise baseline for disturbance impacts under climate change, potentially misguiding projections of impacts on forest ecology and management. • Landsat and Sentinel-2 data may underestimate windthrow and forest pest areas • Underestimation rate of disturbances in Kunashir island is about 50 % • Very high-resolution imagery and neural networks provide more accurate assessment • Use medium-resolution data cautiously for local disturbance estimations in mixed forests [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]