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The Natural Environment White Paper represents the most important conservation policy shift in the United Kingdom (UK) in twenty years. It formalises the ecosystem approach within national policy objectives and emphasises the economic value of ecosystem services. By analysing the use of various evidence sources, the involvement of science entrepreneurs, and the development of policy narratives, our goal was to understand factors that influenced adoption of an ecosystem service framework in the UK. We interviewed 48 policy actors and found that centrally-sponsored synthesis reports with entrepreneurial authors provided the most influential expert-based knowledge in the development of the White Paper . More recently published reports had greater influence, yet the window of opportunity for scientific evidence having policy impact was greater in the problem-setting stages of policy development. The interaction between teams preparing syntheses and expert entrepreneurs helped influence the construction of strategic policy narratives. Those narratives increased the impact of scientific evidence by communicating and framing key policy-salient messages, and brokering between broad ecosystem-based and environmental economics narratives. The combination of ecological and economics evidence was particularly salient in the UK case due to the context of continued biodiversity loss and the acceptability of valuation narratives within central government. Our findings suggest that evidence impact varies at different stages of the policy process, and that this is driven by the interplay of contextual factors like policy timing, personal influence, and the competition between different sets of actors and narratives. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article provides information on a list of workshop papers taken from the 30th seminar held in Gent, Belgium which include the collective wisdom of empowerment networks, team-building in small businesses, and women's business in the Lithuanian countryside.

This paper aims to analyze the impact of justice reform on entrepreneurship in China, utilizing a staggered difference-in-differences model. The research reveals that the implementation of justice reform has a sizable positive effect on entrepreneurship, both statistically and economically significant. The influence is more pronounced in areas with higher trust, lower legal environment, and in rural areas. Government quality and innovation are two possible mechanisms. This paper emphasizes the significant role of the justice environment in fostering business innovation and entrepreneurship, and highlights the economic significance of government quality, providing a new perspective for encouraging entrepreneurship. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

It is posited that solving the problem of relative poverty (RP) first requires the identification of its cause. We use data from China Family Panel Studies to examine the impact of risk preference on RP of urban and rural families in China and the underlying mechanism. This paper contributes to the existing body of evidence on the determinants of RP. The results show that a high degree of risk preference is conducive to alleviating families' RP. The effect is still significant after dealing with potential endogeneity through instrumental variables. Furthermore, the effect is more obvious among health insurance participation families, endowment insurance participation families, families with low life satisfaction, non-poor families, especially middle-income families, urban families, male-headed families and families in the West in China. Further analysis suggests that risk preference affects RP by promoting entrepreneurship and credit in urban and rural families. Families with a higher risk preference are more likely to engage in entrepreneurship and utilize credit, which in turn helps alleviate their RP. Overall, this paper provides new empirical evidence for understanding the mechanism of risk preference influencing RP. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The rapidly evolving landscapes of healthtech and medtech present unique challenges for entrepreneurship education, necessitating a specialized pedagogical approach. This paper explores pedagogical frameworks and the multifaceted barriers faced by educators in these domains. The cases presented emphasize the complexity and regulatory environment, the need for interdisciplinary knowledge, and the fast-paced technological advancements. Moreover, the convergence of medical knowledge with technological expertise demands a cross-disciplinary teaching strategy, complicating the traditional entrepreneurial education model. Additionally, the accelerated pace of technological change in healthtech and medtech outstrips conventional teaching methodologies, necessitating continuous curriculum updates and the incorporation of real-time industry developments. By addressing the current pedagogical challenges, entrepreneurship education in healthtech and medtech can more effectively equip students with the skills and knowledge needed to innovate and succeed in these highly specialized fields. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper investigates the impact of stock market liberalization on entrepreneurship using non-financial firm-level data from 2007 to 2022. The results show that increased stock market liberalization promotes entrepreneurship by alleviating financial constraints, reducing corporate risk-taking, and enhancing corporate social responsibility. With a one percent increase in stock market liberalization, entrepreneurship improves by 8.60 percent. These findings remain robust even after replacing variables, changing model specifications, and addressing the endogeneity concerns. We also find the positive impact of stock market liberalization on entrepreneurship is more pronounced for firms with higher financing constraints, governance efficiency, industry competition, and eastern regions. This study underscores the significance of thoughtful financial market reforms in promoting entrepreneurship and ensuring high-quality economic development. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The purpose of this paper is to examine the role of digital platforms in the development of the Digital Entrepreneurial Ecosystem (DEE). In particular, it discusses the challenges of proposing specific policies to overcome imbalances in DEEs. Norway, and its two neighboring Nordic countries, Sweden and Finland, will be investigated. Using the Digital Platform Economy Index framework and empirical measurement, the study evaluates the state of DEEs in these countries, identifies key weaknesses that act as barriers and recommends policy recommendations to promote the growth of DEEs. Based on the study's findings, the study shows that similar constraints may disrupt the balance in Digital Technology Entrepreneurship (DTE) in each country. To address these constraints and promote overall DEE growth, the study recommends tailored policies with a holistic approach. Research like this could inspire future studies focusing on Digital Technology Entrepreneurship and its impact on European digital economic development. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The interest of entrepreneurial competencies has increased in the academic world, yet little has been done to review how these are taught. This paper aims to review how entrepreneurial competencies interventions are delivered to undergraduate students and to shed light on the current gap between these interventions and what is proposed in entrepreneurial competencies frameworks. Therefore, decision-making and other entrepreneurial competencies delivered in undergraduate education are reviewed. A systematic literature review was conducted to detect papers reporting decision-making interventions; 15 peer-reviewed journal articles published between 2016 and 2022 are included in this review. Results indicate that, in most cases, current decision-making interventions in undergraduate education are not lined up with entrepreneurial competencies frameworks. Few papers report enhancing decision-making in students whereas the others report improving other competencies such as self-awareness. It is shown that interventions with "through" learning objectives and its teaching methods provide the greatest opportunities for undergraduates to develop decision making competence; that is the knowledge, attitudes, and skills to grapple uncertainty, ambiguity, and risk. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Reasonable assessments of the impact of information infrastructure construction on entrepreneurship will support the development of the digital economy in China. Using nationwide data from 2005 to 2017, this paper analyzes the causal effect of the "Broadband China" pilot policy on entrepreneurship based on a difference-in-differences approach. We find that information infrastructure construction significantly enhances entrepreneurship, which is robust under different settings. A mechanism exploration suggests that constructing information infrastructure benefits information acquisition, knowledge spillovers, and risk-taking behavior, which illustrate the internal mechanism of promoting entrepreneurship. Taken together, this paper supports the positive role of the digital economy in the promotion of entrepreneurship in addition to providing new insights into the construction of information infrastructure to support entrepreneurship. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Academia: Revista Latinoamericana de Administración is the property of Emerald Publishing Limited and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

This research aims to determine and measure how identity centrality, role models, and personal traits influence entrepreneurship intention. The study adds to entrepreneurship literature by revealing entrepreneurial purpose antecedents. At the same time, this study expands on role model regulation. When they live, meet, or work with their business role models, their entrepreneurial zeal and purpose will increase because, in most countries worldwide, successful entrepreneurs are increasingly respected by society. Becoming an entrepreneur is the dream job of adults worldwide. For this purpose, the paper applied Social cognitive theory (SCT) and Identification Theory to develop the hypotheses. As a result, identity centrality and personal traits have indirectly affected the intention to start a business through entrepreneurship passion. In addition, the role model has moderated the indirect relationship of identity centrality to entrepreneurship intention through entrepreneurship passion. It takes advantage of individuals who have business identities working with role models, they will be more likely to develop their skills and knowledge, from which they will further enhance their passion for business, and the result is to promote their entrepreneurship intentions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The relevance of the study is due to the need to determine a business model that meets the modern realities of doing business at the initial stage of building a business. The purpose of the paper is to study approaches to building business models of innovative enterprises and companies in Kazakhstan, taking into account the impact of the global pandemic and digital technologies. The transformation of business models is analyzed on the example of the sphere of innovative entrepreneurship using theoretical methods (analysis; synthesis; concretization; generalization; method of analogies; modelling). As a result, the key criterion that distinguishes innovative entrepreneurship from its classical understanding is formulated and a typical business model of an innovative enterprise was formed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This research study aims to enhance our comprehension of organizational legitimacy in rural settings. While many researchers have examined how organizations acquire, manage, and leverage legitimacy in urban ventures, there is still a lack of consensus on the role of different types of legitimacy in rural ventures. This paper distinguishes between two types of legitimacy, political and market legitimacy, and utilizes ANOVA to identify variations in these types of legitimacy based on venture factors such as the leader's education and the venture's age. Our findings suggest that rural ventures tend to have stronger market legitimacy than political legitimacy, and that younger ventures exhibit stronger market legitimacy compared to older ones. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Much effort has been devoted to exploring the consequences of inflation on income inequality. Little documented is the effect on wealth inequality, which is more important in determining economic opportunities and rewards and hence political power. To close the void, the paper empirically examines whether inflation affects wealth inequality proxied by top wealth shares, with special emphasis on potential nonlinearity as well as associated mechanisms. In a sample of developing and developed countries, we find that top wealth shares have a U process whereas bottom wealth shares follow a hump-shaped path when inflation increases. Wealth inequality first decreases and then increases with inflation and there exists an inflation threshold such that an increase or decrease in inflation will lead to a rise in wealth inequality. Similar results are reached when considering income shares. Pathway analyses highlight that entrepreneurship and asset prices are potential channels through which inflation impacts wealth inequality. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This research study aims to enhance our comprehension of organizational legitimacy in rural settings. While many researchers have examined how organizations acquire, manage, and leverage legitimacy in urban ventures, there is still a lack of consensus on the role of different types of legitimacy in rural ventures. This paper distinguishes between two types of legitimacy, political and market legitimacy, and utilizes ANOVA to identify variations in these types of legitimacy based on venture factors such as the leader's education and the venture's age. Our findings suggest that rural ventures tend to have stronger market legitimacy than political legitimacy, and that younger ventures exhibit stronger market legitimacy compared to older ones. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Small business owners often feel immune to hackers because of their business’s size and consequently do not have adequate security training, safeguards, policies, or insurance. Accordingly, small businesses are easy and frequent cybercrime targets because of limited budgets, technical personnel, and awareness. To increase small business owners’ awareness, a university conference for Cybersecurity and Small Business was offered with PCI DSS, Social Engineering, and Company Cases topics. To augment such cyber knowledge generation, this paper contains cybersecurity outreach activities for small businesses and cybersecurity learning activities for entrepreneurship students who aspire to be small business owners. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper develops a theoretical model to explore the impact of the spirit of capitalism (SOC) on entrepreneurship and the allocative efficiency of talent. In the presence of financial frictions, both individual abilities and wealth play crucial roles in shaping occupational choices. Consequently, individuals with a stronger SOC are more inclined towards entrepreneurship. However, this heightened entrepreneurial activity leads to allocative inefficiencies in talent allocation, as some wealthy but less skilled individuals pursue entrepreneurial ventures. Mitigating financial frictions serves to enhance overall productivity by rectifying this inefficiency, though its influence on entrepreneurship remains uncertain. Conversely, increasing the fraction of individuals with higher SOC yields non-monotonic effects on both aggregate productivity and entrepreneurship. The calibrated model introduces a novel perspective on the decline in entrepreneurship witnessed in the U.S. and other advanced economies over recent decades. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Academia: Revista Latinoamericana de Administración is the property of Emerald Publishing Limited and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Journal of Kirsehir Education Faculty is the property of Journal of Kirsehir Education Faculty and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Entrepreneurship education is offered at all levels of education. This theme resonates in many strategic documents at the national and European levels. The first aim of this paper is to present two educational activities aimed at developing the entrepreneurial skills of university students in the Czech Republic. The second objective is to present the results of surveys conducted among students of a university-wide elective course focused on the abovementioned area. Survey was focused on motivation and expectations from participating in the course. The most substantive responses are presented in the paper. These activities are also inspiring for contemporary engineering pedagogy. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Purpose: Driving economic development at the bottom of the pyramid (BOP) is an enduring global challenge. While the market-based approach places hope on entrepreneurship as a major impetus to drive the underdeveloped economy, the performance of entrepreneurial businesses and their impact on poverty reduction are sometimes below expectations. This paper seeks to examine the factors that may be hindering entrepreneurship within the BOP context. This paper presents preliminary answers and provides research suggestions related to this question. Design/methodology/approach: In order to identify the reasons behind the underperformance of entrepreneurship at the BOP, a comprehensive literature review was conducted to see what is already known about this puzzle. Findings: By reviewing extant literature, four clusters of factors were found to shape entrepreneurial activities at BOP: (1) Individual-level factors may be restraining entrepreneurial activities within BOP context, (2) gender inequality at BOP is hindering female entrepreneurship, (3) insufficient institutional support is holding back entrepreneurial activities in BOP and (4) business development initiatives are making multi-faceted impacts on entrepreneurial activities in BOP. Originality/value: This paper contributes to theory in that it is the first comprehensive review of literature on constraints of entrepreneurship in the context of BOP. In investigating influential factors of entrepreneurial success in the BOP context, the authors recognize four major influential forces that are shaping entrepreneurial processes at the bottom of the pyramid and further propose three directions of future research that are worthy for further exploration. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Purpose: In this paper, the authors suggest that Central Americans can use entrepreneurship to solve economic uncertainty in their home country and that entrepreneurship can contribute to reducing the number of undocumented migrants to the USA. Design/methodology/approach: The authors first illustrate the context of Central American illegal migration to the USA from a transitional entrepreneurship perspective, the authors address the economic drivers of illegal migration from Central America, which results in marginalization in the USA. Second, the authors build a theoretical model that suggests that Central Americans can improve their entrepreneurial abilities through the entrepreneurial cognitive adjustment mechanism. Findings: Central Americans at risk of illegally migrating to the USA have high entrepreneurial aptitudes. Entrepreneurship can help them avoid the economic uncertainty that drives Central Americans to illegally migrate to the USA and become part of a marginalized community of undocumented immigrants. This conceptual paper introduces an entrepreneurial cognitive adjustment mechanism as a tool for Central Americans to reshape their personalities and increase their entrepreneurial abilities in their home countries. In particular, entrepreneurial intentions reshape the personality characteristics of individuals (in terms of high agreeableness and openness to experiences, as well as low neuroticism) through the entrepreneurial cognitive adjustment mechanism, which consists of reflective action in sensemaking, cognitive frameworks in pattern recognition and coping in positive affect. Originality/value: This paper studies Central Americans at risk of illegal migration using the lens of transitional entrepreneurship, which advances the understanding of the antecedents to marginalized immigrant communities in the USA and suggests a possible solution for this phenomenon. Besides, the authors build a cognitive mechanism to facilitate the transitional process starting from entrepreneurial intention to reshaping individuals' personality, which further opens individuals' minds to entrepreneurial opportunities. Since entrepreneurial intention applies the same way to all entrepreneurs, the authors' aim of constructing the entrepreneurial intention unfolding process will go beyond transitional entrepreneurship and contribute to intention-action knowledge generation (Donaldson et al., 2021). Moreover, the conceptual study contributes to public policy such that international and local agencies can better utilize resources and implement long-term solutions to the drivers of illegal migration from Central America to the USA. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The partnership between universities and businesses, the transfer of research products created in higher education institutions and used in entrepreneurial practice are a source of innovation in a turbulent and highly unpredictable environment. This cooperation provides indisputable benefits not only for scientific and business organisations, but also for the economy and society as a whole. This, as expected, causes significant interest among researchers, as well as national and international institutions. Despite the scientific activity and the emphasized interest, there is a need for additional knowledge regarding the scope and extent of the use of research products created by academia, analysed and evaluated through the prism of entrepreneurs. The aim of this paper is to identify whether enterprises' size and sector affiliation influence the use of university research products in entrepreneurial practice, investigating the companies' perspective. Therefore 904 companies, operating in Bulgaria, were surveyed through a structured questionnaire. The methods for analysing the empirical data combine exploratory data analysis and confirmatory data analysis, in which the tools of diagrammatic images and contingency tables were used. The results show that as the size of enterprises increases, the use of research products does too, while at the same time, entrepreneurs' assessment of the need to establish partnerships with universities has a non-linear relation to the size of the enterprise. In addition, smaller businesses were found to be targeting university research products presented in publicly available forms while bigger ones are looking for interactive ways of knowledge transfer. Along with the size of the enterprises, it was found that their economic sector affiliation affects the intensity of cooperation with the academia highlighting as leading the sectors related to knowledgebased services, contrary to the prevailing perception that manufacturing and ITC sectors occupy leading positions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A distinguishing feature of Steven Horwitz's career was his emphasis upon the emancipatory character of economic liberalism and market activity. Market environments supported by liberal institutions, such as property rights, contractual freedom, and the rule of law, have not only facilitated material progress but corroded social stratification and promoted the welfare of oppressed and disadvantaged peoples. This paper articulates three complementary mechanisms through which economic liberalism serves emancipatory functions: inclusive entrepreneurship; accommodative changes in capital and production structures; and institutions facilitating market entry and social inclusion. Horwitz's emancipatory liberalism is illustrated with regard to historical and contemporary experiences of women's rights. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Introduction: This paper draws on a study and its findings that set out to explore why some students appear to thrive, turning placement experiences into positive empowering opportunities despite the challenges, where others may not. Findings established a broader application beyond placements to inform curriculum design and delivery that nurtures professionalism, competence and identity from pre-admission to transition into practice as a journey of growth and development. Method: A mixed-methods approach was adopted. Questionnaires and interviews gathered data from two cohorts in traditional (n = 25) or role-emerging placements (n = 13). An interpretive approach was employed for the qualitative data. The quantitative data underwent statistical analysis. Findings: Students in role-emerging placements scored higher in resilience prior to and developed greater resilience as a consequence. These students scored higher in traits of openness, conscientiousness, extraversion and agreeableness and were more emotionally stable compared with students in traditional placements. Agreeableness was positively correlated with greater resilience in these students. Conclusion: Curricula design and delivery should embed opportunities throughout programmes of study enabling students to nurture an openness to new experiences, with positive risk taking, building an ability to thrive. Understanding individual differences in students informs the development of competence and identity pivotal for transition into practice. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper discussed infopreneurship skills as a means toward achieving sustainability in librarianship. The excruciating economic reality prevalent in Nigeria today and globally has compelled librarians and other professional practitioners to consider other means of income to support salary paid job to survive in this era of economic quagmire and also sustain professional relevance in the 21st century. Infopreneurship skills has been identify as skills required to boast economic of a nation and maintaining sustainability in Librarianship, with the advent of information communication technology (ICT) where information is gotten at the fingertip. This paper started with the introduction of the concepts; it discussed the benefits of engaging in infoprenurship by librarians and library and information professionals; if further discussed the importance of infopreneurship, and finally discussed the challenges facing infoprenurs. The paper concluded by saying that infopreneurship is a very vital opportunities that librarians should embraced as means of wealth creation and recommended that policy of practical approach to infoprenuerial skills should be incorporated into the curriculum of library and information science for sustainability in librarianship and national economic growth. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Entrepreneurship support for the unemployed is one of the most common entrepreneurial policy tools for small start-ups. Usually, this tool is aimed at simultaneously promoting entrepreneurship as well as reducing unemployment. The aim of this paper is to examine in detail the effects of such an instrument in one of the least developed regions of the European Union (EU). At the same time, however, this region has been very effective in reducing the unemployment rate at the time of the research. The paper focuses, in particular, on entrepreneurship survival after support and compares it with maintenance of employment, in general. Our results, based on probit and bivariate probit regression, suggest that gender, age, economic development of the region and the amount of support are among the most important factors affecting the survival of start-ups after support. The differences between more developed and less-developed sub-regions are particularly pronounced for certain socio-economic groups such as women with tertiary education or married couples. We have also illustrated some aspects that artificially prolong the survival of supported entrepreneurship, such as the use of entrepreneurship as a substitute for dependent or part-time work. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper applies Eric Ries's Lean Startup method as a bridge between different Austrian economists' views on entrepreneurship and the market process. Ludwig von Mises focused on the importance of entrepreneurship, whereas F. A. Hayek emphasized the systemic knowledge generated by the market process. Modern management theories of entrepreneurship such as Lean Startup can serve as a bridge between these differing emphases. In this paper, we compare the neoclassical focus on equilibrium and the Austrian focus on the market process and demonstrate how the Lean Startup method solves the knowledge problem with creative entrepreneurship. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper discusses the role which exposure to ICT-based entrepreneurship education could play in reducing Nigeria's extreme poverty and excessive radicalism which have almost outwitted the country since the past two decades. Decision to engage in this exercise emanates from the fact that the negative effects of both activities dangerously impinge human and infrastructural development so excessively with the effect that overall national development could be crippled, while citizens languish in penury and inability to commit to national consciousness. It is the understanding of this brief paper therefore that since the Nigerian youth are often the perpetrators and unsolicited victims of both deplorable activities, there is urgent need to engage them in varieties of skills-based and ICT-related entrepreneurship programmes of education, all with the primary targets of supporting them acquire the lucrative skills they require to operate as self-reliant and economically viable Nigerians. Supported with relevant entrepreneurial skills therefore, this calibre of citizens could create and secure lucrative jobs for themselves, acquire gainful employments, become self-employed citizens, employ other unemployed Nigerians and create wealth to support themselves and family members. Effectively adapted in programmes of school education therefore, Nigeria could be on the right tracks out of poverty and extreme radicalism which seem to wind the nation's pace of development backwards. The qualitative analytical method shall be adopted in this analysis. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Purpose: This paper aims to conceptualize intra-Africa immigrant entrepreneurship and provide evidence of its impact on intra-African trade and economic development. Immigrant entrepreneurship is often regarded as a key driver of international trade and economic development around the world; yet very little is known about intra-Africa immigrant entrepreneurship and its role in intra-African trade and economic development in Africa. Methodology: This paper applied a systematic review of literature methodology to provide insights into the role of intra-Africa immigrant entrepreneurship on trade and economic development of boThhost and home countries. Recommendations on how intra-Africa immigrant entrepreneurship can be used to promote intra-African trade and economic development are reviewed. Results: Policy guidelines that may increase the positive impact of immigrant entrepreneurs within the context of intra-African trade include immigration policies that attract high impact entrepreneurs, nondiscriminatory support for high impact immigrant entrepreneurs as well as policies to strengthen the role of free trade agreements such as the African Continental Free Trade Area (AfCFTA). Conclusion: We conclude that African regional integration to promote intra-Africa immigrant entrepreneurship development is a conduit for Africa's long-term and sustainable economic development. Evidence of the positive impact of intra-Africa immigrant entrepreneurship on intra-African trade and economic development is scant. At the same time, the notions of intra-Africa immigrant entrepreneurship are not well documented in the literature. This paper provides arguments for the promotion of intra-Africa immigrant entrepreneurship as a tool to increase intra-African trade and economic development. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper examines the importance of risk management within small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) and investigates the specific situation in Romania. SMEs represent a vital component of the European economy, making significant contributions to the generated value added and beyond. Effective risk management is essential for the survival and success of these enterprises. A correct understanding of the context, without actually facing the same challenges, is particularly important for guiding and advising other entrepreneurs. The utility of this paper lies in offering a comprehensive perspective on the importance of risk management in SMEs and proposing directions and solutions for its improvement. The paper highlights the need for implementing effective risk management internally at the SME level to protect and sustainably develop them. By identifying and assessing risks, developing risk management plans, and continuously monitoring and updating these plans, SMEs can become more resilient to changes and challenges in the business environment. To achieve this, the paper proposes a risk assessment checklist for evaluating and accurately planning the directions of action and development for SMEs. This evaluation is valuable for any SME in different stages of its existence. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In the context of urbanisation and the decline of the countryside, reverse entrepreneurship cannot be separated from integration, referring to a process of mutual trust and cooperation between reverse (returnee or immigrant from urban areas) entrepreneur, host community and external stakeholders for sustainable livelihoods. With a geographic focus on poor areas of China, this paper aims to reveal key factors behind successful initiatives of reverse entrepreneurship to address challenges facing local communities, and pathways for mobilising and effectively using various resources, both internally and externally. These objectives are addressed through multiple cases of tourism development in Ganzi, a Tibetan Minority Prefecture of Sichuan. This paper contributes to the literature on entrepreneurial integration to debates on reverse entrepreneurship in three aspects. Firstly, entrepreneurial integration starts from social embeddedness, interconnecting and interacting between reverse entrepreneur(s) and the host community to understand local challenges and share a new vision for sustainable livelihoods. Secondly, entrepreneurial integration is essentially an innovation platform to develop or enhance social capital (both bonding and bridging) for mobilising and effective use of critical resources. Finally, the study outlines five pathways of tourism entrepreneurship, which reflects variations in livelihood strategy, critical capitals, business models, innovation diffusion and application potential. • Rural development calls for mutual trust and cooperation between reverse entrepreneurs, host communities, external stakeholders. • Successful entrepreneurial integration depends upon a platform building to develop social capital (both bonding and bridging). • Five pathways reflect variation in strategy, critical capitals, business models, innovation diffusion,application potential. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The low success rate of entrepreneurship is quite common for contemporary college students, and its main reason can be attributed to their lack of social experience and entrepreneurial guidance, thus, it’s of certain practical significance to study the social experience guidance for college students’ entrepreneurship and this paper aims to explore this problem based on social network. At first, this paper introduced the formation mechanism of the social experience guidance for college students’ entrepreneurship, proposed a novel Social Network Representation Learning (SNRL) method for college students’ entrepreneurship, which could attain more information of social experience guidance from networks with isomorphic substructures. Then, in the social network of college students’ entrepreneurship, this paper discussed the extraction method of structural subgraph of neighborhood space of college students and other entrepreneurial subject nodes, and proposed a method for building sub-networks similar to the scale and development state in the social network of college students’ entrepreneurship, and realized the information sharing of social and entrepreneurial experiences among sub-networks. At last, this paper constructed a Social and Entrepreneurial Experience Guidance (SEEG) model, and verified its effectiveness in experiments. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Drawing on the life story of the emerging subject-entrepreneur outside the dominant powers in Cameroon, this paper shows how the tool of biography helps to grasp a key aspect of the dynamics of subjectivization at work in African societies. Although they do not constitute a totally objective representation of present-day realities, the life stories of our interviewees show how the figure of the subject emerges by evading the dual grip of ethnic and socially ascribed identities. Biographical backgrounds structure the understanding of subjectivization as the work of the self on the self, which leads to a logic of action that is opposed to the dominant social and political systems and holds out the hope of an alternative society emerging. In a precarious environment, the figure of the significant other sustains this utopia by reinforcing a sense of entrepreneurial commitment that is shaped by an imaginary that wants to be institutive, while placing the experience of the subject and biographical becoming in Africa within the Global Sociology perspective. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Revista Venezolana de Gerencia (RVG) is the property of Revista de Filosofia-Universidad del Zulia and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Revista Venezolana de Gerencia (RVG) is the property of Revista de Filosofia-Universidad del Zulia and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Alcance is the property of Universidade do Vale do Itajai and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Innovation, creativity, and human capital play a pivotal role in the emergence, development, and evolution of creative industries, which continuously contribute significantly to various economies at local, regional, and national levels. Recognizing the importance of enhancing their performance, most businesses within creative industries have come to realize the necessity of major changes in their business models, with a focus on the environment. Nowadays, the adoption of an "open sustainability innovation" approach is a source of strategic advantage for companies, this approach combining elements of sustainability, innovation, and collaboration with external partners to address environmental and social challenges. Such approach in the creative industries can also play a crucial role in driving sustainability and innovation while reducing the environment footprint of creative endeavors. By engaging with their audiences and consumers in co-creating sustainable products, its not only about fostering a sense of ownership but also its about ensuring that the final products or services meet the environmental expectations of target audience. Through open innovation, creative industries can discover new ways to reduce waste in production processes, use eco-friendly materials, and minimize their carbon footprint. Thus, by embracing collaboration, diversity, and a commitment to evinronmentally friendly practices, in their turn, creative industries can also contribute to a more sustainable and eco-conscious future. In this context, there is a growing demand for international research that provides exemplary practices and successful business models to emulate. To address this requirement, the authors have proposed a comprehensive conceptual model as the initial foundation. The primary objective is to subject this conceptual model to further scrutiny within creative ecosystems to ascertain the impact of an open innovation approach on its performance. By investigating these dimensions, this paper seeks to contribute to a deeper understanding of open innovation's influence on creative industries and provide actionable insights for practitioners and policymakers alike. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The global development of society dictates changes in the field of economy, technology and, inter alia, the importance of the responsibility of the individual to society. We know that the changes dictated by various forms of promotion on the one hand and on the other hand of very aggressive marketing forms of organization have also recently caused reactions by individuals and society as a whole, who, despite consumer-driven market practices, want higher rates socially responsible behaviour of organizations. With regard to the all-round development of both the economy and society, social entrepreneurship is an inevitable consequence of the orientation towards the perception of entrepreneurship in terms of strengthening social solidarity and the greater interaction of social good in the concepts of business operations. Where is the future of the development of the entrepreneurial profession, and is social enterprise capable of overtaking existing forms of entrepreneurship? The answer would be accompanied by the fact that the incentive to increase social entrepreneurship in the last decade has been created with a similar reason than in the wake of the development of the social economy. The financial and economic crisis in the European Union has diminished confidence in the market, products and services and to managers at the global level. Generating a "new" form of entrepreneurship was therefore a logical consequence of distrust in the free market and capitalism. Therefore, with the help of social entrepreneurship and social enterprise, the confidence building was built primarily on the market itself, and a higher level of tendency towards the development of this kind of activity was established. Slovenia followed the development with the social enterprise justification with the Social Entrepreneurship Act, the content of which was partly presented in the paper. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

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While there is a long history of studies investigating the effects of oil curse on growth, and links thereto via various institutional characteristics like democracy, susceptibility to corruption and political instability, and macroeconomic policies including exchange rates, only quite rarely have these been extended to effects on entrepreneurship at the individual level. Even among the relatively few studies that have done so, seldom have such studies examined the effects of changes in the relevant variables over time. The purpose of this paper is to examine an even wider range of factors (at both the individual and national levels) affecting entrepreneurial startup decisions among relevant individuals in a panel of 16 countries over the years 2005-2018. The panel takes advantage of the two different high quality data sets provided by the Global Entrepreneurship Monitor (GEM), namely the Adult Population Survey (APS) which provides comparable data on panels of individual adults in each country and survey year, and the National Expert Survey (NES) which provides parallel panel data on relevant educational and institutional conditions at the country level. The analysis investigates, first, the determinants of the individual's motives for starting a business and, then, the role of these motives, other individual characteristics including gender, age, education, and skills, and a wide variety of institutional characteristics, in determining, not only actual startups, but also in-progress startups, and startups anticipated in the next three years. The relatively long time-span of the data on each of the selected countries and the fact that the country sample is quite evenly split between oil and non-oil countries allows us to analyze the effects of changes in circumstances over time and to distinguish between those in oil exporting countries and non-oil countries. The results provide strong support for (1) the greater importance of "opportunity"" over "necessity" as a motive for entrepreneurial startup, (2) the relevance of a large number of other individual and institutional factors changing over time that affect startup at different stages of startup, (3) the extent to which and how they vary between oil exporting and non-oil countries, but also (4) the absence of any real oil curse on entrepreneurship. They also point to important policy reforms that could raise both the incidence and degree of success of entrepreneurial startups in both oil and non-oil countries. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The aim of paper is to explain the justification of the phenomenon of entrepreneurship orientation towards the market needs of consumers has always been a challenge for companies, especially in the period of the Covid 19 pandemic, where the unpredictable situation affects consumer behavior. The paper uses an exploring quantitative method with a deductive approach. The method of analysis was done through the analysis of descriptive statistics of response frequencies, where the factor analysis of variables was later performed, as well as their consequences against each other through regression analysis. It has been proven that business results expressed in profit growth depend on the application of entrepreneurship driven by customer market behavior. Entrepreneurship driven by customer market behavior is related to the development of new products and the conquest of new markets, and that employee satisfaction contributes to customer orientation. The research results shows that companies in the SEEC companies build customer orientation taking into account four factors: concern for customer satisfaction, noticing changes in the environment, market research and the reaction of companies. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper is a comparative explication of selected online Zimbabwean comedies as satire. It pursues the revolutionary character of the comedies against an increasingly limiting and impoverishing politico-economic environment. In our rendition, we depart from the general and simplistic thinking that comedy is solely for entertainment's sake to view it as a puissant genre of art that is deployed not only to articulate big national issues but revolutionise consciousness given the danger of pacifying the people that goes along with oppression. The paper pursues the revolutionary agenda in the comedies as the comedians are inadvertently committed to the search for a breakthrough against a limiting and impoverishing politico-economic environment. Emerging out of this elucidation of comedies is that steeped in the comedies, is a sharp sense of resistance against oppression as well as an intense interest in liberating reflection and struggle. The centrepiece of the article is to comparatively engage Pepukai Zvemhari's 'Border phobia' and Prosper Ngomashi's 'Pastor and his wives' against the keen interest in lampooning those in charge of the affairs of the state for breeding trepidation and social phobia among the masses while on their part, life is decorated with profligacy and self-aggrandizement. The two comic skirts perfectly fall into the category of revolutionary art. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

International mobility brings new avenues for career development. Although the literature in human resources management has extensively investigated the traditional assignment cycle of expatriates by multinationals abroad, only few studies have focused on other forms of expatriation. Among these forms is the "expat-preneurship" whereby the expatriate decides to become an entrepreneur in the host country. This phenomenon is challenging career development in bringing new work dynamics. This conceptual paper presents a demystification of this growing phenomenon and provides a better understanding of this international career dynamic in the context of the new normal brought by the impacts of COVID-19 pandemic. Although many expatriates have opted to return home due to the fallout from the coronavirus pandemic, others have chosen to embrace an entrepreneurial career abroad. This paper sheds new light on this career phenomenon in which some individuals, despite pandemic uncertainty, see opportunities where others see roadblocks. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

For policymakers who intend to make decisions on the policy to stimulate economic growth and enhance job opportunities, business demography statistics serve as important data sources for promoting entrepreneurship, which is a key for the policy. Business demography, which usually consists of annual demographic information such as the number of births, deaths, and survivals of businesses, can be produced from a business register in many countries. In Japan, however, it is difficult to produce business demography directly from the Japanese business resister called Establishment Frame Database because the major data source for the database is the Economic Census, conducted twice every five years. Alternatively, business demography can be estimated using the data of the Economic Census. However, it has been pointed out that short-lived births of businesses are hardly grasped by the estimation using the data of statistical surveys such as the Economic Census at intervals of more than one year. This paper introduces a stochastic model to cope with the above issue and proposes a calculation formula to estimate the number of short-lived births of businesses as well as other demographic indicators of business demography. Then the paper is followed by a numerical example, which proves to overcome the shortcomings of previous methodologies. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The highly skill-biased technological changes brought about by innovation have changed the employment market greatly. This paper examines the impact of changes in labor demand and entrepreneurship, as a result of technological innovation, on income inequality in the form of a literature review, with analysis of related theoretical and empirical research studies. Innovation is positively correlated with income inequality from two points of view - labor demand and entrepreneurship. Firstly, innovations alter the demand for high-skilled and unskilled labor, and thereby change the skill premia-developments which, in turn, influence income inequality. Secondly, increased entrepreneurship enables entrepreneurs to accumulate more wealth due to higher financial returns. The paper departs from the approach adopted in most traditional papers, which analyze the relationship from a single perspective, by taking a multi-angled approach, with examination of the effect of labor demand and entrepreneurship on income equality from innovations. The study also identifies research gaps in the current literature and direction exploring the effects of innovation on income inequality going forward. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The greatest challenge for tourist destinations is to make themselves unique, to bet on cultural identity, with ethical values and sustainability, and to be successful over time. This is of particular interest in sun and beach tourism areas. Otherwise, in recent years, seasonal food and leisure markets have undergone significant growth as a strategy to promote regional authenticity and participation in local communities. The management of this ephemeral food markets tend to be associated to social sustainability, with a focus on issues such as the welfare of the local population; the conservation of cultural heritage; community participation in the development and planning of tourism; and health, hygiene and safety. This paper analyzes the relevance of these social sustainability matters to La Santa Market, a summer food and leisure event located in a beach and sun town in La Costa Brava (Catalonia). Using non-probability purposive sampling, the qualitative methodology is based on semi-structured interviews with 20 different stakeholders in this event. Secondary data on the economic situation and "grey" literature on this market are also used. The results reveal constant, positive involvement of the local community and private organizations in enhancing the La Santa Market experience, which is now an essential item on their summer agendas. This paper contributes to the literature acknowledging the potential of summer food markets to boost the economic and social sustainability of a coastal community. The results are useful for helping public and private sectors in the region to identify the strengths and the weaknesses of the role of local food products at summer markets to thus reinforce their authenticity and sociocultural value. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The complex challenges facing society often have competing social, political, ecological and economic drivers. Responding requires us to transcend disciplinary boundaries, co-creating knowledge. Design is increasingly positioned to enable this, informing and influencing change through engaged practice. However, while the intended outcome of design is often a redesigned service, artefact or intervention, the experience of those involved in the design may also be valuable. This paper considers whether the experience of engaging in transdisciplinary design can be described as a learning opportunity and explores the disciplinary perspectives of three groups: designers, academics and industry-based entrepreneurs. Drawing on empirical data from participants engaged in design-led workshops, findings suggest four areas of learning potential: interaction, experience, practice, and reflection. Finally, the paper considers the future of transdisciplinary learning and suggests that the landscape of participatory learning is shifting once more. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In order to support entrepreneurs in the Business Model Innovation (BMI) process, practice-oriented frameworks such as the St. Gallen Business Model NavigatorTM (BMN) are considered to be a powerful tool. The aim of this paper is to identify strengths and limitations of the BMN when applied to start-ups in their early stages and to contribute to the optimization of the BMN in terms of applicability for start-ups. Furthermore, the paper aims to emphasize the importance of BMI for start-ups and the relevance of a supporting framework as well as formulating a unified catalogue of requirements of BMI frameworks for start-ups. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]