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Copyright of Croatian Journal of Education / Hrvatski Časopis za Odgoj i Obrazovanje is the property of Uciteljski Fakultet u Zagrebu and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Nowadays innovation is a key issue in all business sectors, maintaining a positive correlation with the countries' economic development. The banking sector stands out among the different economic sectors, as globalization has pushed banks into tough competition. Hence, banks within this competitive framework must innovate by developing new products to be competitive and survive. The innovation in banking products is usually sorted as incremental or disruptive. Therefore, this paper aims to evaluate the innovation policies for the European Banking Sector by analyzing incremental and disruptive innovation policies. The novelty of the paper is to propose a set of dimensions and criteria for the innovation policies of European banking industry and to construct a hybrid decision-making model based on interval type-2 fuzzy sets. Accordingly, a comparative analysis of the top five GDP European countries has been carried out using a multiple criteria decision model (MCDM). The MCDM defines different criteria for incremental and disruptive innovations according to the specialized literature. Interval type-2 fuzzy DEMATEL (IT2 FDEMATEL) is used for weighting factors, and interval type-2 fuzzy VIKOR (IT2 FVIKOR) and interval type-2 fuzzy TOPSIS (IT2 FTOPSIS) are considered for ranking alternatives in the integrated modeling. Eventually, the findings highlight the most important criteria in this analysis and the results demonstrate that the comparative analysis of IT2 FVIKOR and IT2 FTOPSIS provides comprehensive and coherent results to select the best country in the innovation policies. In addition, the need to redesign the European banking system with necessary regulations to contribute to the development of the innovations is pointed out. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper investigates the persistent impact of financial crises on economic growth in different regimes of globalization. Relying on a nonlinear dynamic panel representation, this paper explains why the effects of globalization on growth weave into a tale of two opposite narratives. On average, a country experiences higher growth, the more open and integrated it is into the world. However, countries can also experience persistently lower medium-term output growth after a financial crisis, once globalization reaches a certain threshold. The benefits, as well as vulnerabilities, accrue earlier in the globalization process for low-income countries. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Abstract This paper analyzes changes in how regulatory authorities and actors within the industry navigate new challenges and new opportunities presented by globalization. Maritime transport has been one of the drivers of globalization itself, and ships in international passage have for centuries been operating outside the reach of national regulation. Still there are ongoing developments where further changes associated with globalization affect the safety in transport. For example, near coast shipping is increasingly conducted by ships sailing under flags of convenience. They operate along the coast, pivotal to the national economy, and represent a local risk, but they still sail largely beyond the reach of national regulators. This paper discusses challenges and dilemmas this represents for the regulators and the industry and how they work to improve safety in this situation. Based on a discussion of different forms of power three responses are analyzed: 1) The regulators’ efforts to improve safety through international regulations, 2) how segments of the industry operate beyond a minimum compliance and how authorities influence this segmentation 3) how digitalization and international collaboration improve the regulators’ knowledge and power to exercise their authority in a more directed manner. The paper support previous research contending that internationalization reduces the leverage for national regulators to uphold safety. Still, it also highlights some mechanisms and power-resources, seen in governance and practice, that still are not fully realized or formalized in policy. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Today 's rapidly changing global dynamics demand more than the traditional concepts of international relations where the balance of power theory (BoP) is now regulated under new rules and old concepts have widely changed. States are more inclined to preserve their autonomy while making balancing arrangements. The advent of technology and its fast widening and deepening pace has altered the face of international relations in an unprecedented way. This paper argues that internet globalization, increased economic and technological interdependence, growing concerns of cyber security and cyber warfare haue altered the old concepts of BoP. Nonetheless, states still form alliances and still interuene but in a different manner, which is the subject of this article. Following theoretical and qualitative methods, the research provides a comparative uiew of the theory of balance Of Power, focusing on the modus operandi of its deuices from a traditional and recent perspectiue. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper represents a "cold" interpretation of what BREXIT means for the European Union and for the United Kingdom at 8 months after the vote. The financial result is what is highlighted in this paper and has as main purpose to build the future of the EU based on what will result from the implementation of the BREXIT and also offer a perspective for what will happen if other EU members will want to exit. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Social & Economic Studies is the property of University of the West Indies - Mona and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Globalization in tourism is an important area of promise and of concern. This paper first highlights the main drivers of globalization, distinguishing between economic, technological, social, demographic, environmental and political drivers. It then addresses several of the important effects of globalization in the context of tourism. These effects include economic development, employment opportunities, the spread of technical knowledge, the development of new markets and products, new consumer values, environmental and sociocultural changes. The paper concludes that tourism managers need to respond pro-actively to the challenges of globalization, playing an advocacy role if they are to achieve and maintain sustainability in their operations. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Industries and regional economies evolve as a result of the interplay between local and non-local factors. Increasing globalization of both production- and innovation activities implies a shift in the relevant scales of interaction from the local towards the global level. This paper is concerned with the implications of such scale shifts for the role of the region and for cluster-related regional policies. It examines what is left of the role of regional settings in fostering economic development when extra-regional drivers of change increase in importance. We investigate this crucial question with two in-depth case studies of the medical technologies sector, in which such scale shifts have been particularly pronounced. Our findings from empirical material collected in Scania/Sweden and Vienna/Austria illustrate the ways in which changes in national and supra-national regulatory frameworks have had a profound impact on the innovation activities of individual firms and the way to develop and launch new products, and subsequently on the regions in which they cluster. Such scale-shifts have, on the one hand, limited the potential for regional policy to shape the cluster's path through support for supply-side factors. Yet some critical assets remain local but are increasingly difficult to access. By addressing such barriers to access, regional policy can still strongly affect the opportunities for innovation. Furthermore, in an increasingly open industry system, we see an expanded role for regional policy in supporting firms to access critical assets and sources of innovation found external to the region. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Traditional human resource management (HRM) research can hardly relate to today's developments in the world of work. Organizational boundaries are blurred because of the complexity due to globalization, digitalization, and demographic changes. In practice, new ways of organizing work can be found that depend on the specifics of the work situation. In this paper, we build on the economics of convention (EC) to elaborate on the current challenges HRM scholarship is confronted with and provide a theoretical lens that goes beyond the tension between market and bureaucracy principles in actual employment settings. We apply EC's situationalist methodology to examples of the challenging coordination of flexibility in the workplace. We explain two hybrid forms of coordination - compromises and local arrangements - and highlight the dynamics of employment practices in organizations related to these forms. Thereby, we show that different modes of coordination in employment are applied in a fluctuating manner that depends on the specific situations. In doing so, we further seek to remind HRM scholars of the fruitfulness of the pragmatist perspective in analyzing work practices, as well as extending its conceptual toolkit for future analysis. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The 2016 outbursts of nationalism have left globalization moribund. We wonder how the creation of capacity for transportation infrastructure, leveraging internationalization, affects economic development. We nurture our reflections through the field observations of a US expert whose expertise was requested by DRC leaders. We find that the lack of capacity to perform infrastructure development can be addressed by Western and local institutions, generating greater internationalization. This paper explores the needs of programs and methods through which Western Universities and local organizations can provide such capacity, even in one of the most challenging business environments on Earth. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

THE MAIN AIM OF THIS RESEARCH PAPER IS TO PROVIDE AN APPLIED FRAMEWORK ON THE EFFECTS OF POVERTY ON EMERGING COUNTRIES DEVELOPEMENT IN THE CONTEXT OF GLOBALIZATION AND RAPID ECONOMIC GROWTH. THE ECONOMIC GROWTH CONTRIBUTES TO POVERTY REDUCTION IN EMERGING COUNTRIES BUT IS NOT A SUFFICIENT TOOL, ESPECIALLY IN THE CONTEXT OF GLOBAL INTEGRATION. THE RELATION BETWEEN ECONOMIC GROWTH AND POVERTY INFLUENCES THE LEVEL OF SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT AND SOCIAL INEQUALITY. GLOBALIZATION PROVIDES OPPORTUNITIES FOR EMERGING COUNTRIES, BUT ALSO MAJOR CHALLENGES. THE GLOBALIZATION OF THE WORLD ECONOMY INHERENTLY LEADS TO AN EFFECTIVE ANTI-POVERTY PROCESS IN EMERGING COUNTRIES. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

THE MAIN AIM OF THIS RESEARCH PAPER IS TO PROVIDE AN APPLIED FRAMEWORK ON THE EFFECTS OF POVERTY ON EMERGING COUNTRIES DEVELOPEMENT IN THE CONTEXT OF GLOBALIZATION AND RAPID ECONOMIC GROWTH. THE ECONOMIC GROWTH CONTRIBUTES TO POVERTY REDUCTION IN EMERGING COUNTRIES BUT IS NOT A SUFFICIENT TOOL, ESPECIALLY IN THE CONTEXT OF GLOBAL INTEGRATION. THE RELATION BETWEEN ECONOMIC GROWTH AND POVERTY INFLUENCES THE LEVEL OF SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT AND SOCIAL INEQUALITY. GLOBALIZATION PROVIDES OPPORTUNITIES FOR EMERGING COUNTRIES, BUT ALSO MAJOR CHALLENGES. THE GLOBALIZATION OF THE WORLD ECONOMY INHERENTLY LEADS TO AN EFFECTIVE ANTI-POVERTY PROCESS IN EMERGING COUNTRIES. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This research paper highlights the process of globalization and its new developed face, the 21st century overview over it. It is understood that economies work perfectly when they are in line with the environment, and in this case the communion is done not only with nature, but also with the human being, observed inside out. The goal of this paper is to reach the fact that actual global economy is in distress, and globalization tends to have a negative output on the entire macroperspective and the work flow developed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper designs a new approach on how global economies evolve and do business with eachother. The core of the model is based upon an array of features available for to each socio-economic model, be it the American, the Asian or the European one. In the end, the paper wants to emphasize the evolution of our global economy to the actual situation and foresee future paths for the economy. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Among the Makonde of Southeastern coastal Tanzania, cassava (Manihot esculcnta L.j is a staple and traditional food. Focusing on perspectives regarding cassava from Sinde village in Tanzania, this paper explores how the history and social relations involved in the movement of cassava--also known as manioc, mandioca and yuca--become embodied in the eating experience. Drawing on ethnographic fleldwork in Sinde, this paper examines how cassava was the most commonly named traditional food by exploring what being "traditional" means in local contexts. Local people in Sinde negotiate their position in discourses of development and modernity through their food preferences and local preferences for rice over cassava embody histories of European colonization and Swahili civilization. Understanding local perspectives of cassava is important because it is a focus of international development to alleviate hunger in Africa and local perspectives contribute to the acceptability of cassava-related programs. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

»Die internationale Arbeitsteilung im wirtschaftswissenschaftlichen Feld. Akademische Unterwerfung im Tausch gegen politische Privilegien in Argentinien «. Since the 1970s, economics has emerged as a global profession, with economists becoming main characters of the intellectual and political life in many countries. Inspired by Bourdieu, several analyses faced the challenge of "theorizing fields beyond the nation-state" (Buchholz 2016). Some scholars emphasized that internationalization entailed a growing asymmetry between dominant and dominated participants: the former acting as "exporters" and the latter as "importers" of ideas (Dezalay and Garth 2002). Others pointed out the process of "creative destruction" that accompanied the globalization of local fields (Fourcade 2006). Finally, still others noted the emergence of a new field of globalized experts and think tanks (Medvetz 2012). Through a sociohistorical depiction of economists in Argentina, we problematize the subordinated role of peripheral economists. Rather than a dominant-dominated logic, we identify a new international division of labor. Based on more than 60 interviews with economists, archival research, and statistical analyses, this paper shows that while a dependent position in the global academic field reduced Argentinian economists' theoretical autonomy, it gave them the scientific authority that in turn paved the road to access very well-paid work as consultants and high-level public servants. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The study examines the nature and trends of Foreign Direct Investment (FDI hereafter) flows in India and China since their economic reforms, especially after the sub-prime crisis 2008. A comparative perspective is outlined to delineate the structure, conduct and performance of FDI regimes. We conduct an empirical estimation using Granger Causality test to examine the relationship between FDI inflows and economic growth and find that economic growth to be imperative for FDI inflow. The paper also tries to address vital issues in the management of FDI in the new era of globalization in India and China. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The purpose of this work is to study the features of economic development of the regions of contemporary Russia in the context of globalization and the development of a globally-oriented strategy of administering the region's economy by the state. The methodology of this research is based on the use of the method of statistical analysis, with the help of which the authors study the dynamics, structure and magnitude of the values of social and economic development indicators of the region. The research objects are the regions of the Volga Federal District of the Russian Federation. As a result, it was concluded that insufficient attention to the factor of globalization in the framework of public administration is the peculiarity of the economic development of the regions of modern Russia in the context of globalization. This leads, in particular, to the outflow of foreign direct investment, low incoming flows of foreign labor migrants, which are in demand in the conditions of a deficit of own labor resources, a low share of foreign economic activity in relation to GRP, as well as susceptibility of the economy of the regions to strong cyclical fluctuations. To solve this problem, the paper proposes a globally-oriented strategy of administering the region's economy by the state, which makes it possible to mitigate the negative impact of globalization on the economy of a modern region while maximizing the positive effects. This strategy includes measures of counter-cyclical management of the region's economy, measures to manage external resource flows, and measures to manage the region's foreign trade activities. Comprehensive and highly effective implementation of these measures makes it possible to provide the regional economy with a large volume of foreign investment and labor migrants, expand its foreign economic activity, and reduce the region's vulnerability to crises, including those that arise under the influence of external factors. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper represents a general overview on globalization and its influences on politics, economic policies and integrating the process of durable development at local, national and regional level. During this research the focus was on the idea of creating an analytic perspective on the entire flow of economic development and the fine tuning that is included or developed during the process. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper represents a new approach on the path to analyse the actual macroeconomic potential output and also how equilty, social-fare and basic economics can solve one of the biggest issues of our contemporary times, respectively represent a new approach on the way we do business and confront directly the state as new foundation for a new theoretical approach for today's research. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper represents an overview on the strategy on the energy market by the European Union and its shift towards green energy until the year 2020, everything being compared with the global situation on the oil market, from consumption towards the actual biggest oil reserves, and also spotlighting the Romanian oil market, in the end being that there is space for development not only for emerging economies, but also for developed economies, like the United States. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This research paper represents an overview of technological development and a global stand off between the most important players, the United States of America, the European Union and Israel. Countries like Russia or Japan represent power houses in technology, but they aren't globally diversified, they only develop in house, so globalization doesn't create pressure, they just offer the global market what they develop, not what the market needs at one given moment. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Review of International Affairs (04866096) is the property of Institute of International Politics & Economics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

This paper examines the impact of globalization and liberalization on wage inequality using the KOF globalization index, the Economic Freedom Index (EFI) of the Fraser Institute and the Theil industrial pay inequality statistic compiled by the University of Texas Inequality Project (UTIP). Both static and dynamic fixed-effects models are estimated using a 5-year panel data set consisting of about 90 developed and developing countries for the 1970-2005 period. Estimation results from the dynamic panel data specification suggest that wage inequality has a significant and slowly changing component. The overall KOF and EFI indexes are found to be statistically insignificant in the full sample, but the results show that economic freedom is associated with more wage inequality, especially in Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD) countries. The estimation results from country groups indicate that more deregulation is associated with more earnings inequality in OECD countries. The results from the models with subcomponents of the EFI imply that access to sound money has a negative effect on wage inequality. A more stable price system in an economy implies a more equal wage distribution in emerging markets (EM), non-OECD countries, and European Union (EU). [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Over the past 40 years, tourism has developed to become a sector of global economic, social and environmental significance. This paper provides a retrospective overview of the massive expansion and evolving geography of international and domestic tourism over the last 40 years, including the factors that enabled and challenged this growth, in order to contextualize a discussion of what the next 40 years may hold for global tourism. Social, technical, economic, environmental and political dimensions influencing tourism over the past and future 40 years are identified, together with a synthesis of available long-range scenarios of tourism futures to 2050. Comparisons with selected non-tourism scenarios suggest that current assessments of tourism futures are limited in scope, and that the tourism sector may have much to learn from scenario building and forecasting from other economic sectors and analyses of global grand challenges. Reconciling anticipated tourism growth with the sustainability and development imperatives of the next 40 years are discussed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper is targeted towards showing the level above which an economy performs through its chosen governance system, to which is added also the work principles of an open system, based on globalization and having as key element collaboration, but not under shape of outsourcing, where added value has sence not only for those that exploit it, but for entire value chain. The research shows at macroeconomic level how the global economy performs and what levers are available to softly control the development of a strategic region. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

As diaspora strategies have become an integral aspect of national economic development strategies, so too have universities begun to formally identify and mobilise diasporic scientists, researchers and scholars in an effort to create global knowledge networks. This paper will identify this new role for diasporic academics. It begins by emphasising the increasing internationalisation of the academic labour market, arguing that an increasing number of researchers have multiple national affiliations and relationships. It shows how diasporic academics have become central to the creation of global knowledge networks. These knowledge networks derive from multiple sources including the institutional ambitions of universities who are seeking to expand their research remits in increasingly resource constrained environments, international and national funding bodies who are increasingly focused on research ‘grand challenges’, and the aspirations of individual researchers for whom global networks are increasingly important to successful careers. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Annals of 'Constantin Brancusi' University of Targu-Jiu. Juridical Science Series is the property of Universitatea Constantin Brancusi din Targu-Jiu and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

The paper provides an interpretative framework and structured empirical evidence of the processes leading to the emergence of a light and slow growth economy in advanced countries. The interpretative framework rests upon the grafting of a) the Schumpeterian hypothesis about the role of creative reaction as the main determinant of the rate of technological change b) in a dynamic version of the Hecksher-Ohlin analysis with c) the Kuznets approach on the strict complementarity of structural and technological changes, and d) the new approach about the direction of technological change biased towards the most intensive use of locally abundant production factors. The analysis of the stylized facts and the empirical evidence confirms that the twin globalization of product and capital markets brought about by the entry of new labor abundant countries in international markets had profound effects on advanced countries leading to the introduction of skill biased technological change with the consequent decline of the role of the manufacturing industry and the emergence of a strong knowledge intensive business service sector. The new biased direction of technological change accelerated the substitution of both capital and unskilled labor with skilled workers with the ultimate effect of reducing the stock of working capital and hence the rates of growth of advanced economies. The slow growth is a physiological feature of the new emerging light economies that rely upon knowledge intensive but capital saving technologies. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Social & Economic Studies is the property of University of the West Indies - Mona and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)