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This paper explores historical ableism in the United States workforce from the close of the Civil War to the end of World War II. It discusses the issues people with disabilities (PWD), including disabled veterans, faced when entering or returning to the workforce, along with the policy and practical shifts that occurred to mitigate such issues. We approach this discussion with a critical and intersectional lens, situating the shift within critical disability studies and framing analyses within historically relevant medical, economic, and social modes of disability. We aim to inform Human Resource Development (HRD) scholars, practitioners, and educators about PWD's often underrepresented histories in various workplaces and training programs by demonstrating the impacts of the models and workplace ableism. The paper concludes with a discussion of how the legacies of historical policies and practices continue to shape professional and continuing education for many PWD. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

London experienced rapid urban growth in the nineteenth and early twentieth centuries, with much of its housing built speculatively. These houses have often been regarded as an example of vernacular architecture, made by craftsmen using standard templates, so-called pattern books, without an architect or otherwise professional design. This article investigates the question of who designed these buildings by evaluating a sample of recently catalogued building applications in Richmond between 1886 and 1939. The study sheds new light on roles and relationships in the design of speculative housing of the period, which can be seen as part of a broader process of professionalisation in construction. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This article examines historical trends in health inequalities over the 20th and 21st centuries. Drawing on studies from the United States, United Kingdom, Sweden, and Western Europe, it concludes that there is evidence of a u-shaped curve in (relative) health inequalities. These trends in health inequalities broadly parallel those identified by economists with regards to the u-shaped curve of income and wealth inequalities across the 20th and 21st centuries. The article argues that—as with income inequalities—health inequalities generally decreased across the twentieth century through to the early 1980s. They then started to increase and accelerated further from 2010, particularly in the United Kingdom and the United States. The article sets out four distinct policy periods that shaped the evolution of trends in health inequalities: the Interbellum Era, 1920–1950; the Trente Glorieuse, 1950–1980; Neoliberalism, 1980–2010; and the Crisis Age, 2010–present. The u-shaped curve of health inequalities over this period suggests that social policies, health care access, and political incorporation have driven changes over time. Taking this long view of changes in health inequalities emphasizes the importance of politics and policy for future health improvement. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The Section on Surgery of the American Academy of Pediatrics celebrates its 75th anniversary in 2023. To continue the tradition begun 25 years ago with analyses of the first two 25 years timespans of the organization, this examination focuses on the most recent quarter century. To frame this review, we begin with the seminal beginnings with the work of the section's founder, Herbert E Coe and reflect upon the twenty charter members of the organization. Then we explore the important accomplishments and challenges of the organization to the current time. Finally, we conclude with a glimpse of what the future holds for the first home of pediatric surgeons. Review. V. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Information -- Wissenschaft und Praxis is the property of De Gruyter and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

This article documents the 50 years of contribution and service of Dr Col McCowan OAM to the career development field in Australia and in many other countries. Over 50 years, he has contributed to policy development and significant practice innovations based on his research. His work continues to influence in all areas of career development, especially in education settings from primary through to tertiary. It is written to not only acknowledge his work but to ensure the history of our pioneers is not forgotten. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

While Holocaust museums have embraced social media to connect with online audiences and provide educational materials, the specifics of their use are not well understood. A Delphi study involving 22 experts developed a framework for examining Holocaust-related social media content. This framework, the result of a three-round iterative process, includes three main areas: Historical content of the Holocaust, Contemporary issues related to the Holocaust, and Museum activities and communication. The hierarchical system of categories can help users explore the vast range of online materials and help educators identify effective strategies for using social media content in Holocaust education. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The process of digitization has proven to be a boon for researchers, and especially for historians, because producing a digitized record of a thing allows researchers anywhere in the world to have access to artefacts. Digitization is especially important for mass communication researchers studying issues surrounding news. Digitization of news publications enables researchers to conduct word, phrase or other thematic searches using appropriate software. But where content has not been digitized, researchers must undertake cumbersome searches by physically reading through the original documents or some analogue record, like microfiche, and then they are limited by the assiduity of themselves, their teams and by the degradation of the originals as they age. Researchers in Australia are considerably assisted by the existence of the Trove database, which has digitized the content of Australian newspapers up to the end of 1954. The National Library of Australia considers Australian copyright law, which says content must be at least 70 years old, limits what may be digitized. Researchers who want to look at more recent news content must do so via state libraries' microfiche records, limiting access. To make access equitable and democratic, Trove should digitize newspaper content into the twenty-first century. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Tree bounties were a historical mechanism to facilitate afforestation. This study investigates how citizens participated in historical tree bounty programmes in North Dakota, South Dakota, and Minnesota during the late nineteenth and early twentieth centuries. Although tree bounties in the United States have been around for centuries, there has been very little published literature on how participants used them. Six hundred and one tree bounty claims from North Dakota, South Dakota, and Minnesota were examined and statistically analysed with t-tests. For example, it was found that for Ward County, North Dakota, box elder trees, cottonwood, willow, and poplar trees were more commonly planted; an average of 909 trees were planted per acre, the majority of applicants had homesteaded the land, and the average number of trees planted covered two acres. A statistically significant difference occurred where more claimants planted trees in northeast and northwest directions. The types of trees planted; the number of trees planted per acre; the number of times tree bounty claims were submitted; and incentives are discussed. Ideas for future research include expanding the research study and further understanding the breakdown of tree bounties for future improvement. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Historically, children afflicted with long gap esophageal atresia (LGEA) had few options, either esophageal replacement or a life of gastrostomy feeds. In 1997, John Foker from Minnesota revolutionized the treatment of LGEA. His new procedure focused on "traction-induced growth" when the proximal and distal esophageal segments were too far apart for primary repair. Foker's approach involved placement of pledgeted sutures on both esophageal pouches connected to an externalized traction system which could be serially tightened, allowing for tension-induced esophageal growth and a delayed primary repair. Despite its potential, the Foker process was received with criticism and disbelief, and to this day, controversy remains regarding its mechanism of action - esophageal growth versus stretch. Nonetheless, early adopters such as Rusty Jennings of Boston embraced Foker's central principle that " one's own esophagus is best " and was instrumental to the implementation and rise in popularity of the Foker process. The downstream effects of this emphasis on esophageal preservation would uncover the need for a focused yet multidisciplinary approach to the many challenges that EA children face beyond "just the esophagus", leading to the first Esophageal and Airway Treatment Center for children. Consequently, the development of new techniques for the multidimensional care of the LGEA child evolved such as the posterior tracheopexy for associated tracheomalacia, the supercharged jejunal interposition, as well as minimally invasive internalized esophageal traction systems. We recognize the work of Foker and Jennings as key catalysts of an era of esophageal preservation and multidisciplinary care of children with EA. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Despite the so-called transition in Angola from a single-party Socialist regime to a multiparty liberal democracy in the 1990s, alongside several formal organizational, legal, and institutional changes, this article argues that the Angolan security/intelligence services have been able to maintain their primary purpose since their creation in 1975 up to the present day – to support and protect the hegemony of the People's Movement for the Liberation of Angola (MPLA) party, its elites and, above all, its President. The article outlines the evolution of the Angolan security/intelligence services in terms of their long-term continuity, exposing how changes in Angola's political system in response to domestic and international challenges were circumvented by the security services without altering their main foundational objective, or making them more accountable to democratic civilian control. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

After gaining independence (1947) and following die partition of its vast territory, India wanted to reassert itself on the political scene and develop economically. One step towards achieving these goals was establishing diplomatic relations with as many countries as possible. The period that followed saw numerous diplomatic agreements concluded by India with countries from Asia and Europe. Diplomatic relations with Romania began in the first half of the 20,h century and they continue today on a political, economic and cultural level. Romania and India established diplomatic relations in 1948, at legation level, and in 1957 relations were raised to embassy level. Romania's diplomatic office in India opened in 1955, and India's in Romania in 1959. From the discussions and negotiations, to the cultural and political relations established, the history of the beginning of diplomatic relations between Romania and India deserves to be analyzed and discussed. The existence of the Romanian Embassy in New Delhi and of the Indian Embassy in Bucharest proves the desire, but also the necessity, to create a close link between die two countries. In the last 75 years, Romania and India managed to follow common interests and created a strong partnership. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The problem of interaction between man and nature throughout history is, relatively, rarely addressed by classical historiography. The session entitled Man and Nature: Between destruction and creation, organized and chaired by Prof. Tadeusz Janicki (Faculty of History, UAM, Poznań, Poland) and Prof. Dariusz J. Gwiazdowicz (Department of Forest Protection, Poznań University of Life Sciences, Poland) on 24 August 2022 as part of the XXIII International Congress of Historical Sciences Poznań 2022, was an attempt to change this tendency and broaden the existing research perspective. The papers delivered during the occassion were the starting point for the preparation of a special issue of the journal Studia Historiae Oeconomicae (SHO), the primary purpose of which is interdisciplinary reflection by specialists from various scientific disciplines on the problem of destruction of natural landscapes and creation of cultural landscapes, along with other issues concerning the interaction between humans and the natural environment from prehistoric times to the present. This special issue of SHO consists of seven articles on diverse topics, analysing human interactions with nature through different historical periods, meanwhile taking into account their economic, civil, social and climatic conditions. The result is a multifaceted mosaic of topics that constitutes an original and interdisciplinary analysis of man's relationship with nature, which may be a source of inspiration for readers and perhaps further research in this field. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper examines nosological categories relating to borderlines between psychosis and other clinical categories, introduced by Polish psychiatrists in the interwar period. In the United States, the discussion about the borderline between neuroses and psychoses was urged by the 1938 article by psychoanalyst Adolph Stern. In Poland, nosological categories regarding the borderline between neuroses and psychoses were proposed by Adam Wizel, Maurycy Bornsztajn, Jan Nelken, and Władysław Matecki. Wizel coined the term 'underdeveloped schizophrenia', Bornsztajn introduced 'schizothymia reactiva' and 'hypochondriac (somatopsychic) schizophrenia', Nelken described 'mild schizophrenia', first introduced by Moscow psychiatric school of Rosenstein, and Matecki presented the category of neurosis-like (pseudo-neurotic) schizophrenia. Additionally, Julian Dretler, after studying the borderline between schizophrenia and manic-depressive psychosis, coined the term 'mixed psychosis' and expressed conviction that it is an independent nosological entity. Like in the United States, the majority of Polish pioneers of the nosological studies of borderline cases were influenced by psychoanalysis. As a consequence of World War II and the new regime, which forced dialectical materialism and Pavlovism as an official ideology of psychiatry and condemned psychoanalysis, the categories presented in the article became forgotten and have not impacted Polish psychiatric nosology. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Generating evidence on health inequalities (HI) is necessary to raise awareness of these issues, describe and monitor their evolution, analyze their causes, and inform interventions aiming to improve health equity. Yet not all cities and countries have the capacity to produce this type of research. Recent research provides new contextual and causal insights into this research production process, and in-depth understanding on why and how this type of research is produced in certain settings. This article aims to analyze two recent case studies that have uniquely explored this process in two high producers of HI research and high-income country settings to identify learning and distil recommendations, which may be insightful for other settings. Expanding and investing in this line of research is critical, particularly in places with lower HI research output and related capacity, in order to identify key contextual conditions and mechanisms that may enable or hinder this process. This new knowledge could guide the development of new HI research capacity strengthening strategies to foster this research in different settings, worldwide. More understanding is also needed on the relationship between HI research, policy, and action in order to tackle HI. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Chemical Industry / Hemijska Industrija is the property of Association of Chemical Engineers and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Revista Electrónica Interuniversitaria De Formación del Profesorado is the property of Asociacion Universitaria de Formacion del Profesorado (AUFOP) and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Throughout Turkey's geography, migration has been an immutable reality and an essential part of its presence. Anatolia, the geography of civilizations shaped by migration, has not only been the destination of migration but also the path of migration. It has contributed along with the push and pull factors for migration movements at different times. The concepts of migration have become more prominent in academic literature, especially after the Syrian Civil War outbreak in March 2011. The prerequisite for living in peace with millions of refugees, who were supposed to be guests at first, but now seems permanent in our country, is to eliminate xenophobia. Xenophobia can only be combated with an essential humanistic attitude, which politics must support. Education is the most important means of achieving this humanistic attitude, and teaching history is one of the most appropriate subjects for eliminating xenophobia in education, which can help build a culture of coexistence. Therefore, the historicity of migration that is equated equating the historicity of migration with the history of humanity and representing migration with an emphasis on the humanistic side of it in history textbooks could be constructive ways to combat xenophobia and promote a healthy community life through education. The aim of this study is to analyze the level of representation of migration and relevant concepts in 2018 and 2019 compulsory high school history textbooks published by the MoNE (The Turkish Ministry of National Education). Based on this study's findings, it is recommended to improve the quality and quantity of the representation of migration and relevant concepts in the history textbooks for the youth to develop a sense of empathy with migrants on the threshold of adulthood. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The influence of Western Christian missionary nurses has been recorded in the history and development of nursing in China. The purpose of this study was to investigate the influence of Christianity on Chinese nursing ethics. This documentary research used content analysis to investigate Christian value trends over 13 years (1920-1932) as reflected in a major bilingual Chinese nursing journal. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Zeitschrift für Pädagogik is the property of Julius Beltz GmbH & Co. KG Beltz Juventa and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

The teaching method used in history subjects usually needs a lot of memorizations, considered less interesting and less important compared to other subjects leading to difficulties to memorize the topic. The other reason the students think that history is not too important is because they are more interested in other countries' cultures. This prototype is made mainly for middle school students so that they are motivated and more interested to learn Indonesian history. This prototype uses qualitative research and uses 5W+1H data analysis. With the creation of the Koloni board game, we hope that the students can be more interested in learning and understanding Indonesian history. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper provides a brief introduction to Chinese posthumous names. This name system is based on the opposition between positive and negative evaluations of the deceased. It was employed as a means for negotiating legitimacy and shaping the historical record. This article also provides information on the "Order of Posthumous Names Explained", a chapter of the Neglected Zhou Scriptures. This chapter is a canonical source for the study of Chinese posthumous names. It is commonly seen by scholars as an ancient onomasticon used to assign posthumous names. This paper argues that, in its present form, this chapter is a complex medieval compilation of multiple earlier sources. This paper counters the narrow interpretation of onomasticons of Chinese posthumous names as manuals for assigning names to the deceased. Instead, it postulates that onomasticons of posthumous names were also used as aids in the interpretation of history. They provided meaningful moralistic interpretations for the posthumous names attested in historical sources. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Although the Scholarship of Teaching and Learning (SoTL) is no longer considered an emerging field, it continues to dynamically evolve. This evolution pertains to the nature of the inquiries posed, the scholars active in the field, and the frameworks and conventions that shape the transdisciplinary SoTL landscape. These structures serve as pillars and offer support to SoTL scholars; occasionally, they may also constrain the diversity of voices and perspectives that are embraced within this academic domain. In this article we apply a generational framework to the way that SoTL has evolved in white, Western, English-speaking contexts. We first articulate the generational waves (Generation Zero, Generation One, Generation Two and "SoTL First" scholars) that have emerged in this context and explore the people, goals, challenges, and successes that each generation has frequently experienced in their work to transform higher education. Subsequently, each author positions themselves within this generational framework, placing emphasis on the structures, norms, and processes that have aided and hindered their engagement with SoTL. Our goal is to explore what can be learned from the generational journey of this set of SoTL scholars, so that as SoTL continues to grow, we can better support a broader and more diverse set of scholars. In our discussion, we invite readers to consider their own SoTL journeys and to complicate and expand on this generational analysis. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Negative-pressure ventilation (NPV) is a form of noninvasive ventilation that has been recently utilized in pediatric acute respiratory failure. Negative-pressure ventilators apply negative pressure onto the chest wall via a cuirass to recruit areas of atelectasis. Continuous negative extrathoracic pressure, the most common mode, is similar to CPAP, where negative pressure is maintained at a constant level throughout the respiratory cycle while patients initiate their own breaths and continue to breathe spontaneously throughout. Control mode, which is similar to bi-level positive airway pressure, alternates negative pressure with positive pressure and controls both phases of breathing at a mandatory frequency set higher than the patient's spontaneous frequency. Supplemental oxygen is provided through a nasal cannula or face mask due of the lack of NPV devices' interface with the mouth or nose. NPV can improve preload to the heart and cardiac output (CO) in patients with restrictive right-ventricular physiology requiring CO augmentation and those with Fontan physiology. The purpose of this article is to review the physiological principles of spontaneous and NPV, examine the evidence supporting the use of NPV, give practical and meaningful guidance on its clinical application in the pediatric ICU, and summarize areas for future studies on its uses. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Zeitschrift für Pädagogik is the property of Julius Beltz GmbH & Co. KG Beltz Juventa and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Beginning in 1993, the Visual Resources Association's Travel Awards program has provided financial support to hundreds of members, enabling them to attend and participate in the Association's annual conferences. This history follows the program's growth, from an initial gift by Luraine Tansey through fundraising efforts including the legendary Tansey Dinners/Events and the VRAffle and related skits, with a significant portion of travel awards funding coming from members themselves in support of their peers. The recent creation of the VRA's Travel Awards Endowment is the most recent development in our cherished tradition of "members helping members." [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In 50 years of publication, the Visual Resources Association Bulletin (VRAB) has documented and preserved the history of the Association and the triumphs, struggles, and experiments of visual resources professionals worldwide. This article traces the history of the VRAB through transition points, charting editors, name changes, and topical columns that provide glimpses into the concerns and unique knowledge of the profession. As we look back at the milestones, and more importantly the people, that got us to the current iteration of the VRAB, we also look forward to the next phases of the journal. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The Ernest Nash collection documents ancient Roman architectural monuments and associated archaeological artifacts in pre- and post-World War II Italy. The American Academy's Photographic Archive has contributed some of Nash's images to an open access, interactive website called the Urban Legacy of Ancient Rome. This geo-referenced digital resource uses IIIF to reveal the ancient city of Rome in stunning detail and makes it possible to explore and examine approximately three thousand photographs housed in the Fototeca Unione Collection. The Academy continues to digitize and describe the extended Fototeca Unione Collection with the generous support of the Kress Foundation and has recently made all their image collections IIIF compatible. In partnership with Archivision and vrcHost, new high quality digital photography is being added to enrich these historical images with contemporary photographs of the same Roman monuments to document changes. This article provides a progress report on this project which is searching for efficiencies and learning more about what it takes to move digital photography into IIIF. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

From southern Chicago to the Santa Monica Pier, the historic U.S. highway Route 66 captures the imagination of travelers and dreamers. The "Mother Road" -- as it was nicknamed during its heyday (1926-1985) -- represents an upbeat spirit through its colorful streetscapes highlighting neon signs, diners, drive-ins, courtyard motels, and whimsical road art. Revealing the full story of Route 66 as a symbol of America itself, however, is richer and more varied than even its vibrant material culture might suggest. The road and the people who lived, worked, played, and traveled on it -- and continue to do so -- tell a profound story. Ahead of the centennial of Route 66 in 2026, several regional and national initiatives have developed to expand the highway's narrative. Through hands-on preservation programs, research collaboratives, photographic surveys, and digital story-mapping tools based in public agencies, universities, libraries, archives, and museums, projects are harnessing the story-telling possibilities of the road as a cultural landscape of grand and complicated significance. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background and purpose. The current state of student physical education underscores the growing relevance of tailoring physical exercises to individual interests, abilities, and capabilities. The purpose of the study is to identify the characteristics of the nervous processes of students of humanities (philological and historical) specialties and, on their basis, to develop recommendations for independent physical education. Material and method. We have tested 693 students of the H.S. Skovoroda Kharkiv National Pedagogical University. Among the students was been surveyed, 66 students studied in the specialty "history", 116 students were future teachers of foreign languages, 154 students were future specialists in Ukrainian philology, the remaining students studied in other specialties. The study was conducted in September 2022 via online testing under the Psychodiagnostics program. Students were tested to determine the latent time of the reaction in different modes: the first mode - determination of the latent time of a simple response to a signal; mode 2 - determination of latent reaction time under feedback conditions. The average value of the latent time of response to exposure and the average value of the quantity of mistakes were determined. Results. Students - future teachers of history, foreign language and Ukrainian language occupy an intermediate position between future teachers of primary (preschool) education and future teachers of fine arts in terms of liveness and endurance of the nervous processes. They have a lower level of liveness and a higher level of endurance of the nervous processes compared to future teachers of preschool and primary education. They also have a higher level of liveness and a lower level of endurance of the nervous processes compared to students - future teachers of fine arts. Conclusions. The study made it possible to identify the characteristics of the nervous processes of students - future teachers of history and philology. In terms of liveness and endurance of the nervous processes, they occupy an intermediate position between students - future specialists in teaching primary school and preschool children and future specialists in the field of fine arts. Physical education classes for students studying in the specialties "history", "foreign language" and "Ukrainian language" must correspond to the characteristics of their nervous processes. We recommend to future history teachers include more cyclic exercises in their classes that correspond to the property of their nervous processes such as endurance, and we recommend to future teachers of foreign and Ukrainian languages include more outdoor and sports games in their classes; in online learning conditions include more exercises with the ball. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Studii de Ştiintă şi Cultură is the property of Studii de Stiinta si Cultura and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

This research focused on the history learning concerns among 11th-grade Social Science students at MAN Kota Pasuruan, a senior high school. To support research activities, the instruments included a questionnaire to measure the effectiveness of the product. The questionnaire was distributed to validators and users, specifically the 11th-grade students of social science at MAN Kota Pasuruan. The participants in this study were selected using purposive sampling for validation and simple random sampling for testing. During the implementation, this research used the ADDIE research and development model. The product effectiveness analysis technique developed by Nunuk Suryani, Achmad Setiawan, and Aditin Putria was used for analysis of the collected data. Based on the comparison results, it is evident that the developed product is truly valuable, appealing, and aligned with the current advancements in learning technology. Meanwhile, in the effectiveness testing, it was concluded that the product has been highly effective based on expert or user assessments. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Learning resources are crucial and strategic elements that impact the accessibility of easy, fast, accurate, and affordable information in the era of Society 5.0. Learning resources must be adaptable to technological advancements. The history laboratory is a learning resource that must be transformed and adapted to address the aforementioned needs and problems as a solution. The extensive collection of owned items has the potential to support this. This paper describes the creation of a digital laboratory by utilizing collections from the UM History Department. The research employed the Research and Development (R&D) method, utilizing the ADDIE model, which includes the stages of analysis, design, development, implementation, and evaluation. The study presents findings on the importance of digitizing laboratories as educational resources and digital laboratory products for the UM History Department. This digital laboratory product consists of several features, including an e-book (book catalog), an e-repository (final project catalog), an e-museum (museology collection catalog), tool lending, and graduate assessment. The results of the validation and implementation tests demonstrate that the criteria are highly valid and extremely effective. These results demonstrate that the digital laboratory serves as a more effective and efficient learning resource that is easily accessible and usable for civil society 5.0. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

• We elaborate on the history of neurosurgery of Pakistan, and the road, a young healthcare practitioner who inspires to become a respectable neurosurgeon. Dr. Omer Wali Jooma became the first healthcare practitioner who planted the seed of an official department of Neurosurgery in Pakistan..In Pakistan, two existing governing bodies are the overseers of the training format for young neurosurgeons. One is the College of Physicians and Surgeons Pakistan (CPSP)and the second one is the Master of Surgery program which is a university-based program. Intricate fields have always posed a challenge for the healthcare department all over the world, particularly in developing countries. This article elaborates on the history of neurosurgery in a developing country like Pakistan. In addition, it provides a summary of a roadmap that a young healthcare practitioner, who inspires to become a respectable neurosurgeon may need. After Pakistan gained its independence, Dr. Omer Wali Jooma became the first healthcare practitioner who planted the seed of an official department of Neurosurgery in Jinnah hospital, Karachi. Various challenges include the absence of a non-standardized curriculum, a non-updated syllabus, severe deficiency of neurosurgeons in a country facing massive growth spurt, lack of facilities for a young trainee etc. These factors contribute to the bleeding of the department from various sites and the wounds needs to be addressed and stitched as soon as possible to make the department successful. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A recent overview and brief history of intensive modes of learning and teaching in higher education is presented, with implications for the design, application, impact, governance, and regulation of intensive mode teaching and learning. Previously limited to particular levels of study, or locations in the academic year, intensive modes as new forms of system-wide curriculum and organisation challenge the isomorphism of traditional, symmetrised organisations, while also being able to expand or complement conventional higher education. However, in whole-of-institution intensive mode settings, the importance of systematic awareness and application in adopting and sustaining intensive modes is highlighted, including the need to consider various process variables and pedagogic factors that may impact student learning. Prior research into correlations between these process dimension variables and learning gains offers some insights into the high-impact educational practices that are most likely to improve the quality of student learning outcomes - whether in intensive mode or otherwise. Systemic change requires careful planning, faculty development, and evolving assessment methodologies to ensure the success of intensive mode teaching and learning. Further research in areas such as change management, economics, graduate capabilities, pedagogies, wellness, equity, lifelong learning, and institutional responses would build a more robust evidence base for intensive modes of learning and teaching. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Kronika is the property of Kronika, Casopis za Slovensko Krajevno Zgodovino and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Historia y Comunicación Social is the property of Universidad Complutense de Madrid and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

The aim of this study is to analyze and discuss different uses of history as these are expressed in student test responses at two state grammar schools, one for girls and one for boys, in the early twentieth century. The primary focus is on the questions or themes formulated in relation to how the students consider their present society and how boys and girls use history in their responses. Sweden was in the early 1900s undergoing a major social transformation with significant political divides, which is partly reminiscent of Sweden’s situation today. The theoretical conclusions in this article are based on the concepts of pre-modernity and modernity. A large portion of the students avoid discussing the transition from a more pre-modern traditional country into a modern society. Most test responses are dominated by objectivist responses, focusing on neutral facts. In other test responses, students express a concern for the lack of stability and unity in Swedish society, an increasing gap between people and rapid technological developments. When threats are presented, the concerned students tend to use historical examples to illustrate the problems by using a narrative of decline, in addition to warnings of decay and a dream of a better past. Gender differences are found in the test responses, particularly in relation to a theme concerning a Swedish women’s rights leader, Fredrika Bremer. Boys and girls both write factual biographical descriptions, while the girls also express their disappointment in the lack of gender equality in their current society and an almost impatient longing for a more modern society. The boys do not problematize the existing society the way the girls do. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Revista da Faculdade de Letras: História is the property of Universidade do Porto, Faculdade de Letras and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Revista da Faculdade de Letras: História is the property of Universidade do Porto, Faculdade de Letras and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Revista da Faculdade de Letras: História is the property of Universidade do Porto, Faculdade de Letras and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Water treatment plant operators need to understand federal and state laws as well as the standards that apply to water treatment systems. They should also understand how drinking water regulations are administered and why compliance is essential to providing safe drinking water to the public. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

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Copyright of Actualités Pharmaceutiques is the property of Elsevier B.V. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

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