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This paper is concerned with a multi-resolution tool for screening paper formation variations in various frequency regions on production line. A paper web is illuminated by two red diode lasers and the reflected light recorded as two time series of high resolution measurements constitute the input signal to the papermaking process monitoring system. The time series are divided into blocks and each block is analyzed separately. The task is treated as kernel based novelty detection applied to a multi-resolution time series representation obtained from the band-pass filtering of the Fourier power spectrum of the series. The frequency content of each frequency region is characterized by a feature vector, which is transformed using the canonical correlation analysis and then categorized into the inlier or outlier class by the novelty detector. The ratio of outlying data points, significantly exceeding the predetermined value, indicates abnormalities in the paper formation. The tools developed are used for online paper formation monitoring in a paper mill. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Researchers from the same lab often spend a considerable amount of time searching for published articles relevant to their current project. Despite having similar interests, they conduct independent, time consuming searches. While they may share the results afterwards, they are unable to leverage previous search results during the search process. We propose a research paper recommender system that avoids such time consuming searches by augmenting existing search engines with recommendations based on previous searches performed by others in the lab. Most existing recommender systems were developed for commercial domains with millions of users. The research paper domain has relatively few users compared to the large number of online research papers. The two major challenges with this type of data are the large number of dimensions and the sparseness of the data. The novel contribution of the paper is a scalable subspace clustering algorithm (SCuBASCuBA: Subspace Clustering Based Analysis.) that tackles these problems. Both synthetic and benchmark datasets are used to evaluate the clustering algorithm and to demonstrate that it performs better than the traditional collaborative filtering approaches when recommending research papers. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

SimStudent is a machine-learning agent that learns cognitive skills by demonstration. It was originally developed as a building block of the Cognitive Tutor Authoring Tools (CTAT), so that the authors do not have to build a cognitive model by hand, but instead simply demonstrate solutions for SimStudent to automatically generate a cognitive model. The SimStudent technology could then be used to model human students' performance as well. To evaluate the applicability of SimStudent as a tool for modeling real students, we applied SimStudent to a genuine learning log gathered from classroom experiments with the Algebra I Cognitive Tutor. Such data can be seen as the human students' "demonstrations" of how to solve problems. The results from an empirical study show that SimStudent can indeed model human students' performance. After training on 20 problems solved by a group of human students, a cognitive model generated by SimStudent explained 82% of the problem-solving steps performed correctly by another group of human students. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

From the physico-mathematical view point, the imitation game between man and machine, proposed by Turing in his 1950 paper for the journal "Mind", is a game between a discrete and a continuous system. Turing stresses several times the Laplacian nature of his discrete-state machine, yet he tries to show the undetectability of a functional imitation, by his machine, of a system (the brain) that, in his words, is not a discrete-state machine, as it is sensitive to limit conditions. We shortly compare this tentative imitation with Turing's mathematical modeling of morphogenesis (his 1952 paper, focusing on continuous systems, as he calls nonlinear dynamics, which are sensitive to initial conditions). On the grounds of recent knowledge about dynamical systems, we show the detectability of a Turing Machine from many dynamical processes. Turing's hinted distinction between imitation and modeling is developed, jointly to a discussion on the repeatability of computational processes in relation to physical systems. The main references are of a physico-mathematical nature, but the analysis is purely conceptual. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper is a technical presentation of Artificial Linguistic Internet Computer Entity (A.L.I.C.E.) and Artificial Intelligence Markup Language (AIML), set in context by historical and philosophical ruminations on human consciousness. A.L.I.C.E., the first AIML-based personality program, won the Loebner Prize as "the most human computer" at the annual Turing Test contests in 2000, 2001, and 2004. The program, and the organization that develops it, is a product of the world of free software. More than 500 volunteers from around the world have contributed to her development. This paper describes the history of A.L.I.C.E. and AIML-free software since 1995, noting that the theme and strategy of deception and pretense upon which AIML is based can be traced through the history of Artificial Intelligence research. This paper goes on to show how to use AIML to create robot personalities like A.L.I.C.E. that pretend to be intelligent and selfaware. The paper winds up with a survey of some of the philosophical literature on the question of consciousness. We consider Searle's Chinese Room, and the view that natural language understanding by a computer is impossible. We note that the proposition "consciousness is an illusion" may be undermined by the paradoxes it apparently implies. We conclude that A.L.I.C.E. does pass the Turing Test, at least, to paraphrase Abraham Lincoln, for some of the people some of the time. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

My claim in this article is that the 1950 paper in which Turing describes the world-famous set-up of the Imitation Game is much richer and intriguing than the formalist ersatz coined in the early 1970s under the name "Turing Test". Therefore, doing justice to the Imitation Game implies showing first, that the formalist interpretation misses some crucial points in Turing's line of thought and second, that the 1950 paper should not be understood as the Magna Charta of strong Artificial Intelligence (AI) but as a work in progress focused on the notion of Form. This has unexpected consequences about the status of Mind, and from a more general point of view, about the way we interpret the notions of Science and Language. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

As location information plays such an important role in pervasive and context-aware computing, location modelling can be cast as a particularly important user modelling problem. Moreover, given the potential sensitivity of personal information about location, it is critical to ensure adequate user control over the use of the location user modelling information. This paper describes MyPlace Locator, a system for modelling people's location, based upon a range of pervasive sensors. A critical feature, the focus of this paper, is the user model control: users can determine the granularity in space and time of the location information released from their model. Users can do this on the level of a single user or a group of users. We describe the interface and report its qualitative evaluation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

One of the main problems of collaborative filtering recommenders is the sparsity of the ratings in the users-items matrix, and its negative effect on the prediction accuracy. This paper addresses this issue applying cross-domain mediation of collaborative user models, i.e., importing and aggregating vectors of users' ratings stored by collaborative systems operating in different application domains. The paper presents several mediation approaches and initial experimental evaluation demonstrating that the mediation can improve the accuracy of the generated predictions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Intelligent tutoring systems have achieved demonstrable success in supporting formal problem solving. More recently such systems have begun incorporating student explanations of problem solutions. Typically, these natural language explanations are entered with menus, but some ITSs accept open-ended typed inputs. Typed inputs require more work by both developers and students and evaluations of the added value for learning outcomes has been mixed. This paper examines whether typed input can yield more accurate student modeling than menu-based input. This paper examines the application of Knowledge Tracing student modeling to natural language inputs and examines the standard Knowledge Tracing definition of errors. The analyses indicate that typed explanations can yield more predictive models of student test performance than menu-based explanations and that focusing on semantic errors can further improve predictive accuracy. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Information graphics, such as bar charts and line graphs, that appear in popular media generally have a message that they are intended to convey. We have developed a novel plan inference system that uses evidence in the form of communicative signals from the graphic to recognize the graphic designer's intended message. We contend that plan inference research would benefit from examining how each of its evidence sources impacts the system's success. This paper presents such an evidence analysis for the communicative signals that are captured in our plan inference system, and the paper shows how the results of this evidence analysis are informing our research on plan recognition and application systems. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

With the introduction of large-scale open systems, the need for managing interactions between agents, and in particular for managing the entry of a new agent into an existing system, becomes an increasingly more important objective. Without such management, there may be significant implications for the performance of such systems, negating the benefits to be gained from openness. In this paper, we sketch a process by which open multi-agent systems may be engineered, through the establishment of a system specification to be used by designers of agents that will enter the system, and by the system itself to check that an agent entering a system complies with the system constraints. While not fully detailed, the paper provides an initial model and a clear direction as to how such a system may be constructed, offering a new way of developing open multi-agent systems. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The dependability of open multi-agent systems is a particular concern, notably because of their main characteristics as decentralization and no single point of control. This paper describes an approach to increase the availability of such systems through a technique of fault tolerance known as agent replication, and to increase their reliability through a mechanism of agent interaction regulation called law enforcement mechanism. Therefore, we combine two frameworks: one for law enforcement, named XMLaw, and another for agent adaptive replication, named DimaX, in which the decision of replicating an agent is based on a dynamic estimation of its criticality. Moreover, we will describe how we can reuse some of the information expressed by laws in order to help at the estimation of agent criticality, thus providing a better integration of the two frameworks. At the end of the paper, we recommend a means to specify criticality monitoring variation through a structured argumentation approach that documents the rationale around the decisions of the law elements derivation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The paper reports how to assist university learners to study TRIZ, which is a series of useful tools, methods and strategies for solving inventive problems systematically, by means of computer games. The aim of this project is to help players to practice and understand their basic TRIZ knowledge and technique effectively and efficiently by playing online mini games. The paper goes through several major tools of TRIZ, Inventive Principles, Trends of Evolution, Contradiction and Engineering Parameters, and finally evaluates their educational and entertainment values to the player in terms of level design, feedback and interaction. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

To perform 3D animation with carving on surfaces of 3D models is a new branch of 3D modeling. A set of new methods are carried out in this paper. One based on recursion can solve the image transformation problem with curve constrain. The edge corroding method can gain a relatively external depth image from a 2D image. Also another based on partial resampling is used to paste a 2.5D model to any other 3D model, and has made some good results. The work of this paper has greatly shortened the path from 2D editing to 3D surface animation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper presents an overview of the current state of development of medical education with a special attention to the fields of rehabilitation. Changes in internet technology provide opportunities for rehabilitation. In this work, we apply medical resources and e-learning service technologies to construct a medical aided learning system. There is summarized philosophy at preparing the e-learning tool, presented achieved results and pointed out some practical hints that should be considering at development of medicine based e-learning modules. Then the paper describes implement of the e-learning system for crura rehabilitation. Medical resources associated with the components of the learning system are encapsulated as reusable Learning agent. Integrated rehabilitation knowledge is used within rehabilitation of disabled people and interns. An example of evaluation of crura rehabilitation is demonstrated. Finally, the paper indicates sketched challenges and ways of future development of e-learning in the presented fields. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Until now, the most web-based communication is based on texts or graphics in a collaborative learning context. However, texts have many limitations as a means of communication. The use of multimedia is very useful for effective communication because it helps to deliver nonverbal messages as tacit knowledge. User participation and communication techniques, which are emphasized in Web 2.0, are important for facilitating knowledge sharing. The latest User Created Content (UCC) technique, such as YouTube, Video Blog and Pandora TV, has many advantages for communication and knowledge sharing. In this paper, an adaptive QoS architecture is proposed to use Educational User Created Contents as multimedia and realtime multimedia pedagogically. This paper contributes towards an understanding of how to support adaptive QoS for learning environments in a web-based learning environment utilizing UCC. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this paper, we evaluate the usability of multimodal feedback for enhancing immersion in augmented reality (AR) based product design environments, introduced in the paper [1]. We study what effects occur when providing multi-sensory feedback to users. First of all, we compare design environments between conventional desktop based design environments and AR based design environments which support multimodal feedback. For a usability test for visual feedback, we test the degree of immersion for showing hands which are occluded by augmented virtual objects, and test the suitability of mapping between content and users' input. In sound feedback, also we test the degree of immersion and suitability of mapping between background-sound/effect sound mapping and corresponding events in the scenario. Lastly, as a test for tactile feedback, we evaluate the effect of the physical entity for virtual objects by registering the object to physical tangible objects, and evaluate the degree of immersion for vibration w.r.t events in scenario. Our analyzed results from usability tests and comments could be useful for enhancing immersion in conventional AR based product design as well as AR based learning and teaching contents for edutainment. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper introduces an immersive game interface called a well-tep. A well-tep is made based on a stepper which is sporting goods for home envi-ronment and used for moving a game character back and forward in the game. To operate the well-tep, a game player only needs to walk on the well-tep and use two hand-held switches to change direction. Spatial sound is applied to items which a game character will face in the game. An item emits sound diffe-rently according to where a character stares. The paper explains how they work in the game and potential uses for a well-tep. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Obesity and lack of physical fitness are increasingly common in adults as well as children and can negatively affect health. Regular physical activity, such as jogging or training in a fitness center, is recommended by physiologists to fight obesity and improve one's fitness, but usually requires considerable motivation. Recently, researchers as well as companies have proposed a few fitness games, i.e. videogames where users play by performing physical exercises, in which game elements (such as graphics and gameplay) are used to encourage people to exercise regularly. This paper proposes a fitness game system which aims at combining arcade-style game graphics, physiological sensors (e.g. heart rate monitor, 3D accelerometer), and an adaptation engine. The adaptation engine considers personal information provided by the user (e.g., age and gender), her current heart rate and movements, and information collected during previous game sessions to adjust the required intensity of physical exercises through context-aware and user-adaptive dynamic adaptations of graphics and gameplay. Besides describing the general system, the paper presents two implemented games and a preliminary user evaluation, which also led us to introduce in the system a 3D virtual human. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

We introduce in this paper an interface for modeling botanical trees that we term a sketch-and-spray interface. In using the interface, a user would sketch out various types of strokes to construct the main structures of a tree. A user could use a branch stroke to draw a single branch, a leaf stroke to draw a single leaf or a stem of leaves, or a copy stroke to draw a whole branch together with all its sub-branches and leaves. A user could also use various editing strokes to modify the tree structure. Finally, a user could spray particles upon it to ‘grow' the overall shape of the tree. We illustrate the utility of our interface using a number of examples throughout this paper. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this paper we present a method for fast energy minimization of virtual garments. Our method is based upon the idea of multi-resolution particle system. When garments are approximately positioned around a virtual character, their spring energy may be high, which will cause instability or at least long execution time of the simulation. An energy minimization algorithm is needed; if a fixed resolution is used, it will require many iterations to reduce its energy. Even though the complexity of each iteration is O(n), with a high resolution mass-spring system, this minimization process can take a whole day. The hierarchical method presented in this paper is used to reduce significantly the execution time of the minimization process. The garments are firstly discretized in several resolutions. Once the lowest resolution particles system is minimized (in a short time), a higher resolution model is derived, then minimized. The procedure is iterated up to the highest resolution. But at this stage, the energy to minimize is already much lower so that minimization takes a reasonable time. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper describes a novel discrimination method of lung cancers based on statistical analysis of thoracic computed tomography (CT) scans. Our previous Computer-Aided Diagnosis (CAD) system can detect lung cancers from CT scans, but, at the same time, yields many false positives. In order to reduce the false positives, the method proposed in the present paper uses a relationship between lung cancers, false positives and image information on CT scans. The trend of variation of the relationships is acquired through statistical analysis of a set of CT scans prepared for training. In testing, by use of the trend, the method predicts the appearance of lung cancers and false positives in a CT scan, and improves the accuracy of the previous CAD system by modifying the system's output based on the prediction. The method is applied to 218 actual thoracic CT scans with 386 actual lung cancers. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) analysis is used to evaluate the results. The area under the ROC curve (Az) is statistically significantly improved from 0.918 to 0.931. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper describes expression space generation technology that enables animators to control the expressions of 3-dimensional avatars in real-time by selecting a series of expressions from facial expression space. In this system, approximately 2400 facial expression frames are used to generate facial expression space. In this paper, distance matrixes that present distances between facial characteristic points are used to show the state of an expression. The set of these distance matrixes is defined as facial expression space. However, this facial expression space is not space that can be transferred to one space or another in a straight line, when one expression changes to another. In this technology, the route for moving from one expression to another is approximately inferred from captured facial expression data. First, it is assumed that two expressions are close to each other when the distance between distance matrixes that show facial expression states is below a certain value. When two random facial expression states are connected with the set of a series of adjacent expressions, it is assumed that there is a route between the two expressions. It is further assumed that the shortest path between two facial expressions is the path when one expression moves to the other expression. Dynamic programming is used to find the shortest path between two facial expressions. The facial expression space, which is the set of these distance matrixes, is multidimensional space. The facial expression control of 3-dimensional avatars is carried out in real-time when animators navigate through facial expression space. In order to assist this task, multidimensional scaling is used for visualization in 2-dimensional space, and animators are told to control facial expressions when using this system. This paper evaluates the results of the experiment. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this paper, we propose a new gaze estimation method by analyzing the cornea surface model which is estimated through three dimensional analysis of human eye in HMD (Head Mounted Display) environments. This paper has four advantages over previous works. First, in order to obtain accurate gaze position, we use a cornea sphere model based on Gullstrand eye scheme. Second, we calculate the 3D position of the cornea sphere and a gaze vector by using a camera, three collimated IR-LEDs and one illuminated IR-LED. Third, three coordinates such as camera, monitor and eye coordinates are unified, which can simplify the complex 3D converting calculation and allow for calculation of the 3D eye position and gaze position on a HMD monitor. Fourth, a simple user dependent calibration method is proposed by gazing at one position of HMD monitor based on Kappa compensation. Experimental results showed that the average gaze estimation error of the proposed method was 0.89 degrees. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Non-Photorealistic Rendering (NPR) can offer increased concentration and familiarity to the watcher. For this reason, many media such as movies, games, and commercials currently use the NPR method to deliver information. In this paper, we suggest an interactive system for video cartooning based on the mean-shift segmentation of image and video. In order to solve the problems of time complexity and memory allocation, the conventional problems of video mean-shift segmentation, this paper proposes several techniques such as foreground object based segmentation and sequential segmentation. We also propose the interactive correction technique to get enhanced results. For more cartoonic representation, we used spline curve approximation of segment boundaries in the final rendering results. With our method, we can easily create cartoon rendering output using the video streams such like home video, which can be obtained easily in our daily life. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Nowadays, market environments can be expressed in terms of increased competition, the diverse demands of customers, and the rapid innovation of IT technologies and so forth. These environmental changes have left companies facing a highly competitive market, and company revenues are gradually decreasing. Virtual enterprise is considered as the one of the alternatives available to facilitate adjustment to the new digital economy and save companies from falling into a red ocean. The contents of this research include the definition of virtual enterprise, and the characteristics and technologies for embodying it in a company. The paper suggests a new flow model for a decision support system in a virtual enterprise set-up, assesses critical success factors and weights as per the factors from case studies. From the previous analysis, paper defines the needs of collaborative activities in virtual enterprise and suggests the ubiquitous virtual enterprise reference model. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper proposes the solution of compatibility problem between heterogeneous by converting automatically CAD data into proper data for the PCB production process by using IC information. It also proposes a method for data conversion agent by analyzing data of each IC item designed by CAD from the assembling process. This paper has a purpose of maximizing work efficiency with NC Programming automation and contributing to maximize productivity by NC program conversion of different Mounters and Mounter Data & Line Balance optimization. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Radio Frequency Identification (RFID) systems can be applied to various areas. A RFID system is composed of tag, reader and host computer. The reader has an antenna for transferring the energy and sending/receiving of data. Cables are used for communication between reader of RFID system and host computer. If a RFID system is implemented in the existing building or gate, the data communication line should be installed in the wall of building or inside of the wall, and this causes some problems. We suggest a solution to this problem, as ID data from tag is transferred to host computer by wireless communication in the reader. In addition, TCP/IP communication can be used for recognizing ID data in long distance. In this paper, we show a device that sends ID Data from reader to the receiver over wireless network using CC1020 chip and a device that sends ID data from the receiver to the host computer over internet network using W3100A chip. From this, the paper explains the system transferring ID data to the host computer over wireless and Internet network. There are main circuits for each device and block diagram for programming shown in the picture. The system contains a security agent for security managements and services. In addition, the actual data waveform and experimental device are shown in the picture as well as the result of identification in the host computer. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

From both technical and economic viewpoints, DiffServ IP QoS architecture is accepted as a more practical solution in Internet world because the other IntServ architecture is more complex and has scalability problem. This paper presents a dynamic DiffServ Model called Indirect DiffServ to support dynamic QoS requirements of SIP-based ASP multimedia applications in broadband access networks. An operational model of QoS-enabled broadband access networks to support dynamic QoS for SIP is firstly proposed. Then the procedures to establish QoS-enabled SIP sessions of ASP applications are presented. The signaling interfaces for dynamic provisioning of DiffServ QoS are designed to be based on COPS and COPS-PR protocols. The inter-layer mapping of QoS attributes between SIP and underlying layers is also discussed in this paper. The underling broadband access networks are assumed to support largely-deployed Metro Ethernet 802.1 D/Q QoS. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper presents a parallel and distributed approach to ensemble learning of Fuzzy ARTMAP classifiers based on the multi-agent platform. Neural networks have been used successfully in a broad range of non-linear problems that are difficult to solve using traditional techniques. Training a neural network for practical applications is often time consuming thus extensive research work is being carried out to accelerate this process. Fuzzy ARTMAP (FAM) is one of the fastest neural network architectures given its ability to produce neurons on demand to represent new classification categories. FAM can adapt to the input data without having to specify an arbitrary structure. However, FAM is vulnerable to noisy data which can rapidly degrade network performance. Due to its fast learning features, FAM is sensitive to the sequence of input sample presentations. In this paper we propose a parallel and distributed approach to ensemble learning for FAM networks as a means to improve the over-all performance of the classifier and increase its resilience to noisy data. We use the multi-agent platform to distribute the computational load of the ensemble to several hosts. The multi-agent platform is a robust environment that can support large-scale neural network ensembles. Our approach also demonstrates the feasibility of large-scale ensembles. The experimental results show that ensemble learning substantially improved the performance of fuzzy ARTMAP classifiers. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Recent research topics in healthcare including intelligent decision support services, expert medical services and autonomous management are based on multi-agent systems. The cooperation of these software agents provides efficient monitoring, analyzing, and managing the data of patient where abnormal patterns are detected to have an advance treatment and prevent loss of life. In this paper, a framework for ubiquitous healthcare based on multi-agent is presented. This paper proposes a mobile agent for diagnosis support in ubiquitous healthcare. The expert mobile agent (EMA) classifies the data of patient by using neuro-fuzzy algorithm for consultation report. A pre-processing method based on the profile of an expert is used to filter the data from the history of patient. Result of neuro-fuzzy from cross-validation test shows a high accurate classification in data compared to other highly accurate classifiers. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This research is intended to design agent for the security requirement to estimate by empirical study. This paper is intended to help the design agent and progress management based on the ISO/IEC 15408. There are many defects that cause the security requirement problems during the web development. This paper remove the risk of the lifecycle and progress management that check the risk items in the web security requirements and also manage the schedule and quality problems. For projects in similar domains, it is possible to remove security risk items and to manage progress by using agent web security lifecycle and progress milestone, which can greatly improve the software process. The analysis is made based on the types required for making use of the defect data. In this case, additional measures must be taken besides merely recording defects. And the theory is apply to the agent web security access control system for the security requirement. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this paper, we suggested a mobile collaboration framework based on distributed object group framework (DOGF). This paper focuses on the use of this framework to support mobile collaboration. Therefore, we improved the existing work and apply it to the construction of u-healthcare agent services. For supporting mobile collaboration, we divided into two agent types such as the stationary and the moving-typed agents according to the function of mobile devices. The data collected by sensors attached on arbitrary spaces can be shared by 2-typed agents or a home server, and exchanged with each other using the Push and Pull methods. For managing this information, the DOGF provides functions of object group management, storing information and security services to our mobile collaboration framework via defined application interfaces. The agent for executing service functions of mobile devices and an integrated monitoring system on home server are implemented by using TMO scheme. And we used the TMOSM for interactions between distributed components. Finally, we showed via GUI the executablility of healthcare application supporting for medical work in hospitals on our mobile collaboration framework. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper is researched to design agent for the progress management. And this paper is intended to help the design agent and progress management based on the project management. Also, there are many defects that cause the domain problems during the project development. This paper remove the risk of the lifecycle and progress management that check the risk items in the process and also manage the progress and quality problems. Therefore, we are use of the incremental method for the remove of risk items. The analysis is made based on the types required for making use of the defect data. In this case, additional measures must be taken besides merely recording defects. And the theory is apply to the agent web security access control system for the security requirement. This paper provides an design of intelligence agent for the progress management. And the process can also be managed by using lifecycle and progress milestone, which can greatly improve the software process. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper presents a framework for controlling intelligent robots connected by communication networks. This framework provides novel methods to control coordinated systems using higher-order mobile agents. Higher-order mobile agents are hierarchically structured agents that can contain other mobile agents. The combination of the higher-order mobile agent and mobile multi-robots open a new horizon of efficient use of mobile robot resources. Instead of physical movement of multi-robots, mobile software agents can migrate from one robot to another so that they can find the most suitably equipped and/or the most suitably located robots to perform their task. Thus the framework presented here provides efficient use of robot resources. In this paper, we focus on the energy saving. We have demonstrated the efficiency by numerical experiments. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The aim of this paper is to investigate a control method for robotic agent, operating in ubiquitous network. It is difficult for people to fulfill their tasks under dynamically changing environment. Therefore, robotic agent performs tasks in stead of people. The ubiquitous network makes it possible to connect between robotic agent and people. Because robotic agent should fulfill tasks according to the received commands from people, the adaptive control method for the agent is needed in order to do the given tasks properly. This paper introduces an adaptive tracking control method for robotic agent based on the radial based functions network (RBFN). When some commands are received through networks, the proposed method can make robotic agent possible to perform tasks under dynamically changing environment. Experimental results show that the proposed control method based on RBFN is adaptable to the environment changes and is more robust than the conventional PID control method and the neuro-control method based on the multilayer perceptron. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The entire path deletion methods (EPDM) explore the K-th network transformation in order to prevent the predetermined K-1 number of path(s) from being re-searched in optimum path finding agent system. But, they show a critical drawback for the application in practical traffic network because loops, in which the same node and link are reappeared without limitation, can't be constrained. The purpose of this paper is to develop a method to selectively control loop-paths by applying link-label and to design the method to be utilized for analysis of intermodal transportation networks. For the fist purpose, this paper takes advantage of the link-label technique in optimum path agent. For the second purpose, the link-mode transformation technique is adopted to treat all modes passing through the same link as each separate link-feature is generated. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The paper is based on FieldExchange - a computer system responsible for monitoring and supporting resource re-distribution decision making in BT's Operational Resource Management units. This paper considers the problem of resource allocation in the service industries approached from an agent-based perspective. The problem is formulated as a centralized/distributed planning problem. The paper describes the context of this solution, the general model and solution and four specific implementations with results and discussion. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Resource management is one of the key research issues for multi-agent systems. Aside from increasing the system reliability, the load balancer is also able to schedule incoming tasks to the available machines. This paper introduces a load balancing strategy algorithm which can optimize the utilization of several different resources (CPU, memory, etc.) by migrating mobile agents and their tasks to the best alternative nodes. In the course of the research, a few scenarios were simulated and analyzed. In the paper the scenarios along with initial experiment results are presented. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Web services selection is based on QoS and trust. As one of the important attributes of QoS, reputation is commonly used to assess the trustworthiness of the web services and minimize the threats of transactions. However, most existing reputation models of web services are all based on the subjective user ratings. These systems are easily attacked by malicious raters. This paper presents a novel reputation model named WSrep, in WSrep, the reputation integrates user ratings and a significant objective factor-credibility of QoS advertisements which is an objective view of the past behaviors of a given service. Other contributions of the paper include a customer measurable QoS model, a Bayesian learning model for building the credibility, and a set of experiments to show the benefits of our approach. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The paper contains a description of the implementation and performance evaluation of the agent-based population learning algorithm used to train the feed-forward artificial neural networks. The goal of the research was to evaluate efficiency of the agent-based approach and to establish experimentally which different factors representing the A-team structure and topology affect the performance of the analyzed agent-based algorithm. The paper includes a general overview of the JABAT environment used to deploy the ANN training algorithm, a description of different agents employed and their roles, as well as the computational experiment plan and the discussion of the performance evaluation results. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Some research has been done on probabilistic extension of description logics such as P-CLASSIC and P-$\mathcal {SHOQ}$ which focus on the statistical information. For example, in those kind of probabilistic DL, we can express such kind of uncertainty that the probability a randomly chosen individual in concept C is also in concept D is 90 percent. This kind of statistical knowledge is certain which means the author of this statement is sure about it. In this paper, we will describe a new kind of probabilistic description logic Pr$\mathcal{SH}$ which could let user express the uncertain knowledge(i.e. degrees of belief). For example, if the user is not sure about that concept C is subsumed by concept D, he could describe it with Pr$\mathcal{SH}$ such as the probability that concept C is subsumed by concept D is 90 percent.Furthermore, user could make use of the uncertain knowledge to infer some implicit knowledge by the extension of tableau-algorithm of $\mathcal {SH}$ which will be also introduced in this paper. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Group Nearest Neighbor query is a relatively prevalent application in spatial databases and overlay network. Unlike the traditional KNN queries, GNN queries maintain several query points and allow aggregate operations among them. Our paper proposes a novel approach for dealing with difference operation of GNN queries on multiple query points. Difference nearest neighbor (DNN) plays an important role on statistical analysis and engineer computation. Seldom existing approaches consider DNN queries. In our paper, we use the properties of hyperbola to efficiently solve DNN queries. A hyperbola divides the query space into several subspaces. Such properties can help us to prune the search spaces. However, the computation cost using hyperbola is not desirable since it is difficult to estimate spaces using curves. Therefore, we adopt asymptotes of hyperbola to simplify the hyperbola-based pruning strategy to reduce the computation cost and the search space. Our experimental results show that the proposed approaches can efficiently solve DNN queries. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The problem of optimally scheduling tasks onto heterogeneous resources in grids, minimizing the makespan of these tasks, has proved to be NP-complete. There is no best scheduling algorithm for all grid computing systems. An alternative is to select an appropriate scheduling algorithm to use in a given grid environment because of the characteristics of the tasks, machines and network connectivity. In this paper a survey is presented on the problem and the different aspects of job scheduling in grids such as (a) fault-tolerance; (b) security; and (c) simulation of grid job scheduling strategies are discussed. This paper also presents a discussion on the future research topics and the challenges of job scheduling in grids. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Solving overshoot and undershoot problems existed in the spline interpolation of empirical mode decomposition (EMD), improving this method and extracting trend of time series with it are the main tasks of this paper. A method is devised by using simple means of successive extrema instead from the envelope average to form the mean envelope. In this way, only one spline interpolation is required rather than two during the course of sifting process of EMD. It is easier to implement, those problems can be alleviated and EMD method is improved. How to get the successive extrema of series and how to realize trend extraction are also expounded in the paper. Experimental results show that the improved EMD method is better at trend extraction than the original one. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

An XML document is inconsistent if it violates predefined integrity constraints. In this paper, we consider how to compute repairs for an inconsistent XML document. Here repair is defined as the data consistent with the integrity constraints, and also minimally differs from the original document. Based on a repair framework by introducing a chase method, in this paper, we discuss the repairs computing problem and implement a prototype. First we discuss some key points about mends generation and repairs chasing. Next we give a cost model for this repair framework, which can be used to evaluate the cost of each repair. Finally we implement prototypes of our method, and evaluate our framework and algorithms in the experiment. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper investigates a production planning problem in which the inventory is deteriorating at a constant rate, demand is price dependent and back-order is allowed. It is assumed in most previous works that back-ordering customers may not cancel their orders. However, in reality, many customers may withdraw or cancel their orders before receiving their orders. Tacking the cancellation phenomenon into account, this paper develops a continuous-time model to simultaneously determine the production decision and the selling price. A simple algorithm is used to obtain the optimal solutions. Numerical examples are also used to illustrate the solution searching procedure and the characteristics of the optimal decisions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this paper, we handle a negotiation method in which a main negotiation consists of multiple sub-negotiations. In items allocation for commerce, there are some risks on the trade because the market balance is determined by supply and demand. The result of main negotiation is also determined by the order of sub-negotiations and agents' behaviors since agents' budgets have limitations on the actual commercial trading. However, it is difficult to decide the order of negotiations, such as simultaneous decisions and rotations. In this paper, we give the trading model in such cases, that is, agents purchase items by pooled buying. In actual trading as pooled buying, items are sold by the volume discount. Concretely, we discuss joint-stock company and private limited partnership on the web. In the negotiation phase, an agent proposes pooled buying based on the number of items and their prices considering their budgets. The degree of risks is calculated. All agents can see the risks with each item. Agents cooperate to the proposing agent based on the degree of risks. In this paper, we give two scenarios for trading. One is to avoid free riders who get surplus without risks. Another one is to promote agents' participation to increase social surplus. For risk aversion and promoting cooperation, we employ the side-payment policy, that is, cooperative agents' risks are preserved to a minimum. Further, we give some discussions where agents must pay the negotiation costs and charge for storage. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper presents a new philosophy to model the behavior of a Student in a Tutorial-like system using Learning Automata (LA). The model of the Student in our system is inferred using a higher-level of LA, referred to Meta-LA, which attempt to characterize the learning model of the Students (or Student Simulators), while the latter use the Tutorial-like system. To our knowledge, this is the first published result which attempts to infer the learning model of an LA when it is treated externally as a black box, whose outputs are the only observable quantities. Additionally, our paper represents a new class of Multi-Automata systems, where the Meta-LA communicate with the Students, also modelled using LA, in a synchronous scheme of interconnecting automata. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A novel neural filter and its application to active control of nonlinear noise are proposed in this paper. This method helps to avoid the premature saturation of backpropagation algorithm; meanwhile, guarantees the system convergence by the proposed self-tuning method. The comparison between the conventional filtered-X least-mean-square (FXLMS) algorithm and proposed method for nonlinear broadband noise in active noise cancellation (ANC) system is also made in this paper. The proposed design method is very easy to be implemented and versatile to the other applications. Several simulation results show that the proposed method can effectively cancel the narrowband and nonlinear broadband noise in a duct. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]