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This article analyses the importance of paper in the context of early modern warfare. During the war against the Ottoman Empire at the end of the 17th century, the Habsburgs were establishing a new administration in Hungary, which served both military and civil purposes. Not only did administrative tasks have to be organized, but the very success of military operations depended on the well-ordered work of the administration: communication had to be smooth, and a wide variety of tasks had to be properly and reliably processed. To fulfil these requirements, the administration needed large quantities of paper. This study follows the traces of paper in the records of the Chamber Administration in Buda and points to the vital need for paper at the heart of the new Habsburg rule. The challenges of acquiring and producing paper themselves became crucial aspects of the administration’s work. The article argues that a reliable supply of paper competed even with the distribution of arms and food to become an essential resource in warfare. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Paper was already being used in southwestern Germany before the first paper mills began production there in the late 14th century. But it was the establishment of a local paper industry that made the still relatively new writing material available in large quantities. The demand for paper made the operation of a paper mill seem profitable, and the increased supply of paper in turn fueled the rise in writing. At the end of the Middle Ages, paper thus became the material basis of a media evolution that extended far into modern times. But how was the new writing material produced? The new craft of papermaking differed significantly from the production of parchment, the traditional writing material, in terms of equipment, raw materials, capital requirements, and working methods. Nevertheless, papermaking could use already existing infrastructures, especially in the field of energy supply by waterwheels. This article examines the specific characteristics of the new craft using the example of the German southwest, where numerous paper mills were established in the 15th century. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This article focuses on the professional writing of women in the transformation phase around 1800. Referring specifically to the woman of letters Helmina von Chézy (1783-1856) and her family, which participated in the literary market over four generations, it asks how authors could use paper(s) as assets or resources. It is shown that writersʼ papers were collected and kept as material evidence of life, that they could be an indicator of financial status and provide insight into financial practices, and that they were used particularly to position oneself (as a writer) and to relate to others. Within changing personal and historical contexts, the writing work of family members was based ultimately, in varying forms and shapes, on the logics of their social relations, lived as well as negotiated and recorded on paper. Thus, the papers used and inscribed in the family can be conceptualized as a multi-perspective kaleidoscope, offering new views on central aspects and mechanisms of writerly economies. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article highlights the discussion regarding the influx of refugees from Hungary, measures to maintain neutrality, coordination with international organizations, and potential appeals to other countries for assistance. It mentions rumors of Austria's involvement in violating neutrality by supporting the Hungarian uprising through the smuggling of military personnel and volunteers.

This article analyses the importance of paper in the context of early modern warfare. During the war against the Ottoman Empire at the end of the 17th century, the Habsburgs were establishing a new administration in Hungary, which served both military and civil purposes. Not only did administrative tasks have to be organized, but the very success of military operations depended on the well-ordered work of the administration: communication had to be smooth, and a wide variety of tasks had to be properly and reliably processed. To fulfil these requirements, the administration needed large quantities of paper. This study follows the traces of paper in the records of the Chamber Administration in Buda and points to the vital need for paper at the heart of the new Habsburg rule. The challenges of acquiring and producing paper themselves became crucial aspects of the administration’s work. The article argues that a reliable supply of paper competed even with the distribution of arms and food to become an essential resource in warfare. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This article focuses on the professional writing of women in the transformation phase around 1800. Referring specifically to the woman of letters Helmina von Chézy (1783-1856) and her family, which participated in the literary market over four generations, it asks how authors could use paper(s) as assets or resources. It is shown that writersʼ papers were collected and kept as material evidence of life, that they could be an indicator of financial status and provide insight into financial practices, and that they were used particularly to position oneself (as a writer) and to relate to others. Within changing personal and historical contexts, the writing work of family members was based ultimately, in varying forms and shapes, on the logics of their social relations, lived as well as negotiated and recorded on paper. Thus, the papers used and inscribed in the family can be conceptualized as a multi-perspective kaleidoscope, offering new views on central aspects and mechanisms of writerly economies. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Paper was already being used in southwestern Germany before the first paper mills began production there in the late 14th century. But it was the establishment of a local paper industry that made the still relatively new writing material available in large quantities. The demand for paper made the operation of a paper mill seem profitable, and the increased supply of paper in turn fueled the rise in writing. At the end of the Middle Ages, paper thus became the material basis of a media evolution that extended far into modern times. But how was the new writing material produced? The new craft of papermaking differed significantly from the production of parchment, the traditional writing material, in terms of equipment, raw materials, capital requirements, and working methods. Nevertheless, papermaking could use already existing infrastructures, especially in the field of energy supply by waterwheels. This article examines the specific characteristics of the new craft using the example of the German southwest, where numerous paper mills were established in the 15th century. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This article traces the history of paper patterns from the formation of the German Empire to the early days of the Federal Republic of Germany. These patterns are often overlooked, yet provide glimpses into the transformative power of everyday fashion. I show that sewing with paper patterns both consolidated and challenged ideas of gender and the female body. The article finally argues that by delegating the making of women's clothes to the private sector, however, the responsibility for the adaption of social bodily norms was also handed over to individual women. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

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Copyright of Deutsche Zeitschrift für Akupunktur is the property of Springer Nature and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

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Copyright of Zeitschrift für Politik is the property of Nomos Verlagsgesellschaft mbH & Co. KG and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Archivar is the property of Verlag Franz Schmitt and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Author-supplied Abstracts.)

Copyright of Kriminologisches Journal is the property of Julius Beltz GmbH & Co. KG Beltz Juventa and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

The article discusses handling of old paper in archives. A table of preservation practices for various sorts of paper including rag, wood fiber, and modern recycled paper are offered, photographic examples of aged and degraded paper are provided, and practices for chemical neutralization of paper acid are examined within the context of a library materials deacidification project at the Universität für Bodenkultur Wien university.

Copyright of Lingua (Language & Culture) is the property of Lingua Centre for the Development & Improvement of Communication in the Public Sphere and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

The article discusses a November 2008 further education conference at the Carl von Ossietzky Provincial and University Library in Hamburg, Germany on the theme "So That Paper Persists... Experiences With Mass Deacidification." The rationale, methodology, scope, and evaluated results of paper deacidification projects in various German libraries were reviewed.

A position paper on the topic of freedom of expression and the right to access political, ideological, and religious literature in libraries is presented.

Drawing on our experience requesting access to police organisations in Ghana and Niger, this article explores the organisation and operation of two West African bureaucracies. It focuses on the administrative modes and the state agents' routines in their dealing with civil actors. Exceptional and risk carrying requests such as ours concerning a permission to conduct participant observation in police organisations create insecurity on the part of the bureaucrats concerned. Although rarely expressed in field reports and often discounted as a series of fortunate coincidences, we consider the researcher's access (or refusal) a crucial and illuminating moment of fieldwork. In our case, both technical bureaucratic operations and informal networks played a central role in our own approach as well as in the state agents' work routines and reflections on their daily occupation. Following an emic description, we call these two modes of procedure "ground work" and "paper work". The oscillating between the two reflects an inevitable interlacing of bureaucratic and informal operations, characteristic for bureaucratic organisations worldwide. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Zeithistorische Forschungen is the property of Vandenhoeck & Ruprecht GmbH & Co. KG and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

The article presents information on two documents on the appointment of August Hirsch as a full professor of history of medicine at the Medical Faculty of the University of Berlin in 1863. It specifically discusses Hirsch's contribution to the early history of the subject medication history at the Prussian universities.

A call for papers for the German librarian conference to be held in Bremen, Germany from June 3-6, 2014 is presented which includes topics such as library administration, academic libraries, and library catalog management.

The article discusses an international archives cooperation project between the Deutsches Literaturarchiv (German Literary Archives, DLA) in Marbach, Germany, and the Franz Rosenzweig Minerva Research Center of the Hebrew University of Jerusalem, designed to jointly appraise, process, catalog, and edit the personal papers and archives of Jewish German authors who emigrated to Israel over the course of the 20th century. Examples provided include the papers of journalist Nadja Stein, of the Habima theater company, and of Zionist activist and publisher Heinrich Loewe.

The article presents an update on a paper deacidification project at the Badische Landesbibliothek library

Copyright of Archiv für Kriminologie is the property of Schmidt-Roemhild Verlag and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

The article explores the position paper that was formulated in the framework of the archival assessment workshop that took place on 16 March 2011 in Stuttgart. The position paper that was adopted in this meeting and which places emphasis on the importance on the cooperation between the different archival institutions in Germany, is to be seen as an extension of another resolution that was passed in 2004 and which dictates that in any case of overlapping responsibilities, archives must cooperate with one another as closely as possible in order to optimize the preservation work and to regard the interests and perspectives of the other archive respectively.

The article describes the inventories of the personal papers, private archives, and family archives held at the Haus-, Hof- und Staatsarchiv (House, Court, and State Archives) in Vienna, Austria. The author briefly discusses the collection development and management strategies of the archives before providing details about individual collections. These include the papers of former Austrian foreign minister Alois Graf Lexa von Aehrenthal, of Austrian historian Heinrich Friedjung, and the private archives of Maximilian, Emperor of Mexico.

The article surveys the history of the practice to collect and preserve private archives and personal papers of military officers and civilians involved in military policy and military affairs in the Kriegsarchiv (War Archives) in Vienna, Austria. The author focuses primarily on the period after the Second World War. Topics addressed include the relevance of personal papers to historiographical research on Austrian military history, the collection development philosophy of the Kriegsarchiv, and access control and user services of the archives.

The article announces the publication of the ISO/TS 18344 "Effectiveness of paper deacidification processes" international standard for paper deacidification for long-term preservation of archival materials. The author emphasizes the role of residual alkalinity in deacidified paper as a neutralizing buffer against future acidification.

The article presents a position paper concerning the digital archiving of documents and how technological developments have affected archiving in Germany. The paper is divided into ten sections which provide stipulations for digital archiving. It is noted that digital technology has the potential to make archives more accessible to everyone.

The article reports on a colloquium on non-governmental, personal, and family archives in public archives, which was held at the archives of Institut für Zeitgeschichte (Institute of Contemporary History) in Munich, Germany. Topics discussed included the provenance and appraisal of non-state archival material, legal issues involved in the collection of use of personal papers, and cooperative collection development among municipal, regional, and national archives.

Copyright of Communicatio Socialis is the property of Nomos Verlagsgesellschaft mbH & Co. KG and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

The article offers information on the Conference of the Jülich Central Library's Research Center to be held in Jülich, Germany on November 5-7, 2012.

The article presents a strategy paper by the Archivreferentenkonferenz (ARK) which discusses the development of the personnel structures in the archives in Germany. Thus, the article suggests that since 2008 the question as to the level of correspondence between archives' needs on the one hand, and the amount of personnel employed on the other has become more relevant than ever. The background against which these discussions have become more pressing lies with the global financial crisis of 2008 that has called for extensive budget cuts in the public sector (archive included), as well as the digitalization process of archival materials which has brought about an increasing need for reorganization of the archives, the form of the archival work, and lastly, also of the personnel structures.

This paper analyses the World Bank's (WB) claim that Mexico presents a positive example of how land grabbing in poor countries can be turned into a „win-win“ situation with opportunities for rural development. The WB suggests that clear, affordable and accessible (collective) land rights - as they allegedly exist in Mexico - in combination with a voluntary code of conduct for large scale land transactions, will help to ensure positive outcomes for rural development. However, WB documents and an analysis of the Mexican situation reveal that: (a) the 1990s attempt to privatise Mexico's communal lands only partially succeeded, which now, 15 years later, is being proclaimed by the WB as a success in preserving communal land; (b) the WB's conclusion that this cadastral project reduced land conflicts is drawn from a faulty database; and, (c) that numerous land conflicts belie this conclusion. Three case studies are presented in contra to WB claims. In conclusion, this text argues that in countries ridden by corruption and human rights violations, large scale land transactions reinforce social inequality instead of contributing to rural development. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article discusses family archives and personal archives kept at the Tiroler Landesarchiv (State Archives of Tyrol), Austria. The author examines the legal framework of acquiring or depositing archival materials of private provenance in state archives, principles for archival appraisal and processing, and archival classification. Several examples are mentioned, including the personal papers of former Austrian chancellor Michael Mayr, Austrian historian Josef Egger, and Austrian art history Josef Weingartner.

The article surveys personal and family archives, particularly of the Austrian nobility, held at the Allgemeines Verwaltungsarchiv (General Administration Archives) of Austria in Vienna, Austria. The author explains the rationale behind collecting such archival materials in archives documenting government administrative activities, namely to supplement government records accidentally destroyed over the centuries. Collections mentioned include the archives of the Harrach family, of the Trautmannsdorff family, and the personal papers of former Austrian minister of justice Alexander Freiherr von Bach.

Copyright of Information -- Wissenschaft und Praxis is the property of De Gruyter and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)