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Reports on the recognition of Noah A. Rosenberg's and collegues' paper "Genetic structure of human populations" as the most important biomedical research paper for 2003. Nominator's comments on the article's significance; Other nominated papers; Importance of multidiciplinary collaboration.

Reports on the publication of a scientific paper from the Antigen Express immunomedicine subsidiary of Generex Biotechnology Corp. Progress in the development of a novel peptide vaccine for HIV; Presentation of T-helper cell-stimulating; Validation of the use of Ii-Ky hybrid peptides as T helper-cell vaccines for HIV.

Reports on the presentation of a paper identifying the potential benefit of oxygen-carrying blood substitute PolyHeme in modulating the post-injury immune response by Northfield Laboratories Inc. Use of human polymerized hemoglobin; Assessment of the role of PolyHeme in the treatment of trauma patients; Identification of transfusion of red blood cells.

Details preclinical data supporting a novel and patented mechanism to induce presentation of a full spectrum of antigenic epitopes by a tumor to T-helper cells of the patient, in reference to a study published in "Cancer Treatment Reviews."

Examines the role of zinc in the formation of amyloid plaques in the blood vessels of the brains people with Alzheimer disease. Reaction of zinc to amyloid beta; Clinical benefits of the interaction between metals and amyloid protein; Solubility of amyloid protein.

The article focuses on the announcement made by Momenta Pharmaceuticals Inc. regarding the publication of the paper "Glycomics: A Pathway to a Class of New and Improved Therapeutics" in the October 2004 issue of the journal "Nature Reviews Drug Discovery." The paper discusses the latest advancements in sugar sequencing and structure-function analysis, including technologies by Momenta and others, which enable scientists to make specific improvements to sugar-based drug products. It demonstrates the recent advances in understanding which can be applied to unlock the long-term therapeutic potential of sugars.

The article reports that Enzo Biochem Inc., a biotechnology company, announced that its scientists presented five papers at the annual meeting of the American Association for the Study of Liver Disease, including three detailing preclinical studies of the company's new immunomodulatory agent EGS21, a beta-D-glucosylceramide compound (GC). These three presentations focused on the role of GC in animal model systems in which it was shown to act to impact the immune response in the body by modulating the function of an immune regulatory cell called NKT.

Reports that researchers from the U.S. Department of Energy's Brookhaven National Laboratory (BNL) and BioSurface Engineering Technologies Inc. developed a synthetic peptide that enhances the effects of a tissue growth factor known as bone morphogenetic protein 2, or BMP-2. Placement of the research in the November 8, 2004 issue of the "Journal of Bone and Mineral Research"; Comments of senior author of the paper Louis Pena.

Advanced Cell Technology Inc., reported that nuclear transfer cloning can be used to regenerate infracted heart. The results of a study, which appear online (ahead of print) in the American Heart Association's journal, Circulation Research, by ACT and its collaborators at New York Medical College and the Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center, provide the first experimental evidence in animals of the successful use of cloning techniques to repair a severely damaged organ. One aspect of the debate over the use of cloning in medicine (therapeutic cloning) has centered on the question of whether cloned cells would be healthy enough to be of practical use in cell therapy. This paper addressed that question. A heart attack results in the destruction of heart muscle that cannot normally be repaired by the body.

Georgia Institute of Technology biochemists N.V. Hud et al. recently presented a unified model for the origin of DNA sequence-directed curvature in the journal 'Biopolymers.' According to their paper, the fine structure of the DNA double helix and a number of its physical properties depend upon nucleotide sequence. This includes minor groove width, the propensity to undergo the B-form to A-form transition, sequence-directed curvature, and cation localization. Despite the multitude of studies conducted on DNA, it is still difficult to appreciate how these fundamental properties are linked to each other at the level of nucleotide sequence.