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Using shipborne and satellite ‒ derived data, we demonstrate the water circulation, temperature, salinity, and chemical parameter distributions in the western Chukchi Sea in the summer 2002 and summer 2019. In summer of 2002, the subsurface layer in the western Chukchi Sea was composed of Bering deep basin water with the salinity of about 33.0. In 2019, the deep layer of the western Chukchi Sea was occupied by winter Bering Sea shelf water with the salinity of 32.2–32.5. An inflow of Arctic water (increased salinity/density and low concentration of nutrients) through the Herald Canyon led to cyclonic gyre water circulation in the southwestern Chukchi Sea. The cyclonic gyre in the southwestern Chukchi Sea was characterized by anomalously low pCO 2 in the surface and subsurface layers, low pH and high pCO 2 in the bottom water, and high biomass of benthos. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper is devoted to the description of an explicit staggered grid scheme for the rotating shallow water equations in one and two-dimension. The shallow water equations is approximated using the momentum conservative scheme, and the Coriolis terms is calculated using the Crank-Nicolson method. The resulting scheme is implemented for simulating various rotating phenomena, such as, the interior gravity wave, oscillation in a paraboloid, coastal and equatorial Kelvin waves. Comparison with exact solution or other collocated scheme (Suliciu or HLLC scheme) give good agreement. The discrete L1 error and the convergence rate of the scheme are shown to be satisfied. Moreover, our numerical experiments satisfy entropy stability. Except from adjustment for the initial and boundary conditions, no special treatment are required for all simulations above. And these indicate the robustness of our explicit staggered grid scheme. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Brazilian Journal of Oceanography is the property of Instituto Oceanografico da Universidade de Sao Paulo and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Abstract: Whatever its origin is, a floating particle at the sea surface is advected by ocean currents. Surface currents could be derived from in situ observations or combined with satellite data. For a better resolution in time and space, we use satellite-derived sea-surface height and wind stress fields with a 1/3° grid from 1993 to 2001 to determine the surface circulation of the South Pacific Ocean. Surface currents are then used to compute the Lagrangian trajectories of floating debris. Results show an accumulation of the debris in the eastern-centre region of the South Pacific subtropical gyre ([120°W; 80°W]–[20°S; 40°S]), resulting from a three-step process: in the first two years, mostly forced by Ekman drift, the debris drift towards the tropical convergence zone (∼30°S). Then they are advected eastward mostly forced by geostrophic currents. They finally reach the eastern-centre region of the South Pacific subtropical gyre from where they could not escape. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]

This paper presents a viscous Shallow Water type model with new Coriolis terms, and some limits according to the values of the Rossby and Froude numbers. We prove that the extension to the bidimensional case of the unidimensional results given by [J.-F. Gerbeau, B. Perthame. Discrete Continuous Dynamical Systems, (2001)] including the Coriolis force has to add new terms, omitted up to now, depending on the latitude cosine, when the viscosity is assumed to be of the order of the aspect ratio. We show that the expressions for the waves are modified, particularly at the equator, as well as the Quasi-Geostrophic and the Lake equations. To conclude, we also study the mathematical properties of these equations. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Atmosphere - Ocean (Canadian Meteorological & Oceanographic Society) is the property of Canadian Meteorological & Oceanographic Society and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

ABSTRACT: The gridded (1/3°*1/3°) altimetry data from October 1992 through December 2004 were analyzed to study the seasonal and interannual variabilities of the bifurcation of the North Equatorial Current (NEC) at the surface in the western North Pacific Ocean. Calculations show that on annual average the bifurcation occurs at about 13.4°N at the surface. The geostrophic flow derived from Sea Surface Height (SSH) data shows that the southernmost latitude of the NEC bifurcation at the surface is about 12.9°N in June and the northernmost latitude is about 14.1°N in December. Correlation analyses between the bifurcation latitude and the Southern Oscillation Index (SOI) suggest that the bifurcation latitude is highly correlated with the El Niño/Southern Oscillation (ENSO) events. During the El Niño years the bifurcation of the NEC takes place at higher latitudes and vice versa. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]

Copyright of Atmosphere - Ocean (Canadian Meteorological & Oceanographic Society) is the property of Canadian Meteorological & Oceanographic Society and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)