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The successful application of the problem-based learning (PBL) approach requires feedback from the tutor to the student to guide the latter's learning process. The aim of this study was to characterise the views of a group of Chilean undergraduate students of Primary Teaching and their tutors regarding PBL methodology, and the role of feedback in it. Qualitative research was carried out based on a case study that gathered the views of students and tutors through a focus group. The methods of analysis adapted to the needs of this study are those derived from discourse analysis and especially from discourse in interaction in its three dimensions: interlocution (framework of participation), thematic (topic of discussion) and enunciative (enunciative positioning). The results indicate that students' views emphasised the inter-student collaboration involved in PBL, while tutors emphasised the motivational value of the methodology. However, both recognised the important role that feedback plays in enhancing learning opportunities. Knowing the views of both tutors and learners is central to improving PBL and feedback practices. Interculturality and intercomprehension assessing plurilingual discourse competence: Digital student feedback literacy (2021-2025) (reference number PID2020-113796RB-I00/MICINN/AEI/10.13039/501100011033), funded by the Spanish Ministry of Science and Innovation and the State Research Agency. In addition, Emmy González Lillo holds a predoctoral fellowship from the Becas-Chile programme funded by the National Agency for Research and Development (ANID) (reference number 72190174).

Background Family involvement in nursing homes is generally recognized as highly valuable for residents, staff and family members. However, family involvement continues to be challenging in practice. Aim To contribute to the dialogue about family involvement and develop strategies to improve family involvement in the nursing home. Methods This interpretative synthesis consists of a thematic analysis and care ethical interpretation of issues regarding family involvement from the perspective of families in nursing homes reported in literature. Findings This study reveals the complexities of family involvement in the nursing home by drawing attention to the moral dimension of the issues experienced by families, as seen through the theoretical lens of Baier's care ethical concept of trust as a theoretical lens. The synthesis of literature resulted in a thematic categorization of issues reported by families, namely, family-staff relationship, psychosocial factors and organizational circumstances. The care ethical interpretation of the synthesis of literature showed that the concept of trust resonates with all reported issues. Trust evolves over time. Early issues are mostly related to getting to know each other. Secondly, families want to experience that staff are competent and of good will. Difficult feelings families may have, such as guilt or loneliness, and dealing with the deterioration of the loved one puts families in a vulnerable position. This power imbalance between family and staff impedes a trusting relationship. Issues related to organizational circumstances, such as understaffing, also undermine families' trust in staff and the nursing home. Discussion and conclusion Baier's theoretical concept of trust provides a deeper insight into the moral dimension of family involvement from the perspective of families in the nursing home. To improve family involvement in practice, we propose to aim future interventions at reinforcing trust in the relationship between family and staff as well as in the organizational context in which these care relationships occur.

Purpose: There has been a recent uptick in interest in studying the impact of user ratings and comments posted on social networking sites. The growth of the Internet and e-commerce sites have made it more simpler to locate and assess data, lessened the possibility of identity theft, and increased confidence in the data's accuracy. The study's goal is to determine whether or not customers' exposure to reviews and comments influences their propensity to make a purchase on e-commerce site. Theoretical framework: In contrast to previous research that has examined the impact of user reviews and comments on e-commerce sites, the team behind this investigation looked solely at the impact of such data on media consumers Design/methodology/approach: In a poll, participants were asked about their recent internet shopping experiences and whether or not they were impacted by word-of-mouth advertising. Then, give impartial evaluation data on how views, reactions, and eWOM affected online shopping intent Findings: Based on a structural equation modeling study of 384 observations, we learn that the most influential components in shaping purpose are knowledge, attitude, perceived value, familiarity, and reference group Research, Practical & Social implications: The study help business use social media to sell product or service effectively through understanding consumer behavior in referencing feedback and view on product Originality/value: The value of the study provide researcher theoretical framework in studying consumer behavior through product purchase intention impacted by feedback and view of consumer on social media

The purpose of this phenomenological study is to describe the experiences of senior high school teachers of South Glan District, Division of Sarangani who have been implementing modular learning delivery and to look into their different perspectives. Qualitative design wearing phenomenological approach determined how these teachers made meaning of the modular learning delivery at their specific school by making analysis of the participant’s view, feeling and impacts to their lives and workplace. There were 5 participants who underwent in the in-depth interview. The generated themes revealed that senior high school teachers viewed modular learning delivery as difficulties and challenges, assessment problems, challenges and flexibility, lack of resources and distribution and retrieval problems. Regarding their feelings about the modular learning delivery, the participants conveyed that they feel the fear, exhausted, worries and burn-out. Furthermore, for the impacts of the modular learning delivery to the lives of the participants and workplace, they become sensitive and time and work oriented. The data were also compared, weighed, and linked to recent researches about modular learning delivery implementation. Keywords: Modular learning delivery, views, feelings, impact, experiences, senior high, school students, Philippines. Title: UNDERSTANDING EXPERIENCES OF SENIOR HIGH SCHOOL TEACHERS IN THE MODULAR LEARNING DELIVERY IMPLEMENTATION Author: Ulysses R. Pamatian, Edwin Espinosa, Emie A. Genton International Journal of Recent Research in Thesis and Dissertation (IJRRTD) Vol. 4, Issue 1, January 2023 - June 2023 Page No: 79-96 Paper Publications Website: www.paperpublications.org Published Date: 01-May-2023 DOI: https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7883361 Paper Download Link (Source) https://www.paperpublications.org/upload/book/UNDERSTANDING%20EXPERIENCES-01052023-3.pdf, International Journal of Recent Research in Thesis and Dissertation (IJRRTD), Paper Publications, Website: www.paperpublications.org

BACKGROUND: Palliative care involves the care for patients with severe and advanced diseases with a focus on quality of life and symptom management. Integration of palliative care with curative and/or chronic care is expected to lead to better results in terms of quality of life and reduced costs. Although initiatives in different countries in Europe choose different structures to integrate care, they face similar challenges when it comes to creating trust and aligning visions, cultures and professional values. This paper sets out to answer the following research question: what roles and attitudes do palliative care professionals need to adopt to further integrate palliative care in Europe? METHODS: As part of the European Union (EU)-funded research project InSup-C (Integrated Supportive and Palliative Care). (2012-2016), 19 semi-structured group interviews with 136 (palliative) care professionals in 5 European countries (Germany, the United Kingdom, Belgium, the Netherlands, Hungary) were conducted. A thematic analysis was conducted. RESULTS: Integration of palliative care calls for diplomatic professionals that can bring a cultural shift: to get palliative care, with its particular focus on the four dimensions (physical, psychological, social, spiritual), integrated into historically established medical procedures and guidelines. This requires (a) to find an entrance (for telling a normative story), and (b) to maintain and deepen relationships (in order to build trust). It means using the appropriate words and sending a univocal team message to patients and being grateful, modest, and aiming for a quiet revolution with curation oriented healthcare professionals. CONCLUSION: Diplomacy appears to be essential to palliative care providers for realizing trust and what can be defined as normative integration between palliative and curative and/or chronic medicine. It requires a practical wisdom about the culture and goals of regular care, as well as keeping a middle road between assimilating with values in regular medicine and standing up for the basic values central to palliative care. ispartof: INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF HEALTH POLICY AND MANAGEMENT vol:11 issue:6 pages:786-794 ispartof: location:Iran status: published

OBJECTIVE: To examine the expectations of informal caregivers, nurses, and dementia trainers regarding the support of (physical and psychosocial) human needs by humanoid social assistive robots (SARs) in dementia care.METHODS: A qualitative study was conducted with 11 homogeneous focus groups of informal caregivers, nurses and dementia trainers providing dementia care at home, in adult daycare centers, or in nursing homes. A qualitative content analysis was performed using a concept- and data-driven coding frame.RESULTS: Focus group discussions with 52 individuals were held. Participants reported mostly positive expectations and stated that SARs could offer potential support in all components of human needs, especially in avoiding danger (e.g. recognise danger, organise help), communication/contact with others (e.g. enable telephone calls, provide company), daily activities (e.g. remind of appointments, household obligations), recreational activities (e.g. provide music), eating/drinking (e.g. help cook), and mobility/body posture (e.g. give reminders/instructions for physical exercise). Participants also mentioned some negative expectations in all human needs, predominantly in communication/contact with others (e.g. loss of interpersonal interaction) and avoiding danger (e.g. scepticism regarding emergencies).CONCLUSION: Participants stated that SARs had great potential to provide assistance in dementia care, especially by reminding, motivating/encouraging and instructing people with dementia. Informal caregivers and nurses also considered them as useful supportive devices for themselves. However, participants also mentioned negative expectations, especially in communication/contact with others and avoiding danger. These findings demonstrate the support caregivers and dementia trainers expect from humanoid SARs and may contribute to their optimisation for dementia care.

Background In most cases, glaucoma patients require long-term medical and/or surgical treatment. Preference studies investigate how different aspects of glaucoma management, such as health or process outcomes, are valued and herewith help stakeholders make care more responsive to patients’ needs. As, to our knowledge, no overview of these studies is currently available, this study aims to systematically review and critically appraise these studies. Methods A systematic literature review was conducted using keywords for stated-preference studies and glaucoma up to October 2021. Studies were included if they were original research and used a stated-preference methodology to investigate preferences in patients or healthcare professionals for different aspects of glaucoma management. Data were extracted and summarized. Furthermore, a quality appraisal of the included studies was performed using two validated checklists. Results The search yielded 1214 articles after removal of duplicates. Of those, 11 studies fulfilled the inclusion criteria. Studies aimed to elicit preferences for glaucoma treatment (27%), glaucoma related health state valuation (36%), and services (36%) from the patient (91%) or ophthalmologists’ perspective (9%). Altogether studies included 69 attributes. The majority of attributes were outcome related (62%), followed by process (32%) and cost attributes (6%). Outcome attributes (e.g., effectiveness) were most often of highest importance to the population. Conclusions This systematic review provides an up-to-date and critical review of stated-preference studies in the field of glaucoma, suggesting that patients have preferences and are willing to trade-off between characteristics, and revealed that outcome attributes are the most influential characteristics of glaucoma management.

Joaquim Sunyer (Sitges, 1874 -1956), pintor i gravador, va destacar en aquesta última faceta amb un ampli catàleg de gravats realitzats en diferents moments de la seva trajectòria artística. Un període excepcional el constitueix la sèrie de gravats que va fer en plena joventut durant la seva estada a París en les albors del segle XX que, per mor de la seva alta qualitat plàstica, mereixen ser observats amb deteniment. En aquests representa diverses facetes de la vida urbana, vistes animades que, tot i evocar un cert tipisme, obvien els paràmetres il·lustratius pintorescos. Sunyer plasma amb visió altament comprensiva tant la societat bohèmia com les classes mitjanes i obreres, a vegades, fins i tot marginals, que transiten per la ciutat. La diversió en balls i espectacles, tertúlies d'estudiants ociosos,passejants, mercats ambulants, bugaderes, obrers i un reguitzell de personatges de llarga prosàpiaiconogràfica situats en entorns identificables Carrers o places que sovint donen nom a l'estampa: el parc del Luxembourg, rue Lepic, rue de Belleville, rue de la Lune,canal deSaintMartin... i, on es reconeixen edificis i establiments, mitjans de transport, paviments, enllumenat, etc., de manera que el conjunt constitueix un particular repertori testimonial del París d'aquell temps confrontableamb fonts literàries, fotogràfiques i fins i tot cinematogràfiques. Encara que la fotografia i el cinema ja eren els mitjans de captació documental d'aquest temps i lloc, les estampes de Sunyer, sense abstreure's de la realitat, conjuminen el document amb una romàntica melancolia mitjançant una experimental i altament expressiva execució a l'aiguafort en color. Òbviament una creació artística no és un testimoniatge fefaent d'una realitat cadastral o notarial, però mitjançant el batec artístic que desprèn se'ns permet no sols pensar i gaudir de la seva fenomenologia, sinó també d'uns particulars flaixosdel París de la Belle Époque., Joaquim Sunyer (Sitges, 1874-1956), a painter and engraver, excelled in the latter facet with an extensive catalogue of engravings produced at different points in his artistic career. An exceptional period is the series of engravings he made in his youth during his stay in Paris at the dawn of the 20th century, which deserve to be carefully observed because of their high artistic quality. In them, he depicts various facets of urban life, lively views which, while evoking certain typicality, avoid picturesque illustrative parameters. Sunyer depicts a highly sympathetic vision of the bohemian society and the middle and working classes, sometimes even the marginalised, moving about the city. Entertainment at dances and shows, gatherings of idle students, strollers, street markets, washerwomen, workers and a string of characters with a long iconographic tradition in identifiable settings, streets or squares that often give their name to the picture: the Luxembourg Park, Rue Lepic, Rue de Belleville, Rue de la Lune, Canal Saint Martin, etc., where buildings and establishments, means of transport, pavements, lighting, etc., are recognisable, The ensemble thus makes up a particular testimonial repertoire of the Paris of the time, which can be compared with literary, photographic and even cinematographic sources. Although photography and film were already the means of documentary capture of this time and place, Sunyer's prints, without abstracting from reality, combine the document with a romantic melancholy through an experimental and highly expressive execution in colour etching. Obviously, artistic creation is not a reliable testimony of a cadastral or notarial reality, but through the artistic breath it gives off, we are allowed not only to think and enjoy its phenomenology, but also some particular flashes of the Paris of the Belle Époque., Joaquim Sunyer (Sitges, 1874 -1956), pintor y grabador, destacó en esta última faceta con un amplio catálogo de grabados realizados en diferentes momentos de su trayectoria artística. Un período excepcional lo constituye la serie de grabados que hizo en plena juventud durante su estancia en París en los albores del siglo XX que, por mor de su alta calidad plástica, merecen ser observados con detenimiento. En ellos representa diversas facetas de la vida urbana, vistas animadas que, todo y evocar un cierto tipismo, obvian los parámetros ilustrativos pintorescos. Sunyer plasma con visión altamente comprensiva tanto la sociedad bohemia como las clases medias y obreras, a veces, incluso marginadas, que transitan por la ciudad. La diversión en bailes y espectáculos, tertulias de estudiantes ociosos, paseantes, mercados ambulantes, lavanderas, obreros y una retahíla de personajes de larga prosapia iconográfica situados en entornos identificables, calles o plazas que a menudo dan nombre a la estampa: el parque del Luxembourg, calle Lepic, calle de Belleville, calle de la Lune, canal de Saint Martin..., donde se reconocen edificios y establecimientos, medios de transporte, pavimentos, alumbrado, etc., de manera que el conjunto constituye un particular repertorio testimonial del París de aquel entonces cotejable con fuentes literarias, fotográficas e incluso cinematográficas. Aunque la fotografía y el cine ya eran los medios de captación documental de este tiempo y lugar, las estampas de Sunyer, sin abstraerse de la realidad, aúnan el documento con una romántica melancolía mediante una experimental y altamente expresiva ejecución al aguafuerte en color. Obviamente una creación artística no es un testimonio fehaciente de una realidad catastral o notarial, pero mediante el pálpito artístico que desprende se nos permite no sólo pensar y disfrutar de su fenomenología, sino también de unos particulares flases del Paris de la Belle Époque.­­­

BackgroundIn most cases, glaucoma patients require long-term medical and/or surgical treatment. Preference studies investigate how different aspects of glaucoma management, such as health or process outcomes, are valued and herewith help stakeholders make care more responsive to patients' needs. As, to our knowledge, no overview of these studies is currently available, this study aims to systematically review and critically appraise these studies.MethodsA systematic literature review was conducted using keywords for stated-preference studies and glaucoma up to October 2021. Studies were included if they were original research and used a stated-preference methodology to investigate preferences in patients or healthcare professionals for different aspects of glaucoma management. Data were extracted and summarized. Furthermore, a quality appraisal of the included studies was performed using two validated checklists.ResultsThe search yielded 1214 articles after removal of duplicates. Of those, 11 studies fulfilled the inclusion criteria. Studies aimed to elicit preferences for glaucoma treatment (27%), glaucoma related health state valuation (36%), and services (36%) from the patient (91%) or ophthalmologists' perspective (9%). Altogether studies included 69 attributes. The majority of attributes were outcome related (62%), followed by process (32%) and cost attributes (6%). Outcome attributes (e.g., effectiveness) were most often of highest importance to the population.ConclusionsThis systematic review provides an up-to-date and critical review of stated-preference studies in the field of glaucoma, suggesting that patients have preferences and are willing to trade-off between characteristics, and revealed that outcome attributes are the most influential characteristics of glaucoma management.

Η εξάπλωση του COVID-19 το 2020 προκάλεσε τεράστιες αλλαγές σε πολλούς τομείς της ανθρώπινης δραστηριότητας και η εκπαίδευση δεν αποτέλεσε εξαίρεση. Την άνοιξη του 2020 οι εκπαιδευτικοί και οι μαθητές στην Ελλάδα, όπως και στον υπόλοιπο κόσμο, συνέχισαν την εκπαιδευτική διαδικασία μέσω τηλεκπαίδευσης από το Μάρτιο έως και το Μάιο. Σκοπός της παρούσας εργασίας είναι να καταγράψει τις απόψεις των εκπαιδευτικών δημόσιων Δημοτικών σχολείων για την αναγκαιότητα και αποτελεσματικότητα της τηλεκπαίδευσης εκείνη την εποχή, τα προβλήματα που αντιμετώπισαν και πώς ανταποκρίθηκαν σε αυτά και τη γενικότερη άποψή τους για την τηλεκπαίδευση. Η ποσοτική έρευνα αξιοποίησε τις απαντήσεις του δείγματος των 90 εκπαιδευτικών και τα συμπεράσματα που προκύπτουν αναδεικνύουν τις ενστάσεις τους ως προς την οργάνωση από το κράτος και την αποτελεσματικότητα της τηλεκπαίδευσης , παρόλο που οι περισσότεροι συμφώνησαν στην αναγκαιότητά της. Οι περισσότεροι εκπαιδευτικοί βασίστηκαν στις δικές τους δυνάμεις για να ανταπεξέλθουν στις δυσκολίες που συναντούσαν και ήταν ήδη εξοικειωμένοι με τη χρήση της τεχνολογίας. Ωστόσο, θεωρούν ότι η τηλεκπαίδευση μπορεί να χρησιμοποιηθεί μόνο συμπληρωματικά της δια ζώσης. The spread of COVID-19 in 2020 caused massive changes in many fields of human activity, and education was no exception. In the spring of 2020, teachers and students in Greece, as in the rest of the world, continued the educational process through distance learning from March to May. The purpose of this paper is to record the views of public elementary school teachers on the necessity and effectiveness of distance learning at that time, the problems they faced and how they responded to them, and their overall opinion on distance learning. The quantitative research utilized the answers of the sample of 90 teachers and the resulting conclusions highlight their objections to the organization by the state and the effectiveness of distance education, even though most of them agreed on its necessity. Most teachers relied on their own strengths to cope with the difficulties they encountered and were already familiar with the use of technology. However, they believe that distance learning can only be used as a supplement to face to face. 118 σ.

Background Population-based expanded carrier screening (ECS) involves screening for multiple recessive diseases offered to all couples considering a pregnancy or during pregnancy. Previous research indicates that in some countries primary care professionals are perceived as suitable providers for ECS. However, little is known about their perspectives. We therefore aimed to explore primary care professionals’ views on population-based ECS. Methods Four online focus groups with 14 general practitioners (GPs) and 16 community midwives were conducted in the Netherlands. Results Our findings highlight various perspectives on the desirability of population-based ECS. Participants agreed that ECS could enhance reproductive autonomy and thereby prevent suffering of the child and/or parents. However, they also raised several ethical, societal, and psychological concerns, including a tendency towards a perfect society, stigmatization, unequal access to screening and negative psychosocial consequences. Participants believed that provision of population-based ECS would be feasible if prerequisites regarding training and reimbursement for providers would be fulfilled. most GPs considered themselves less suitable or capable of providing ECS, in contrast to midwives who did consider themselves suitable. Nevertheless, participants believed that, if implemented, ECS should be offered in primary care or by public health services rather than as hospital-based specialized care, because they believed a primary care ECS offer increases access in terms of time and location. Conclusions While participants believed that an ECS offer would be feasible, they questioned its desirability and priority. Studies on the desirability and feasibility of population-based ECS offered in primary care or public health settings are needed.

Heutzutage ist ein Leben ohne ein mobiles Smartgerät unvorstellbar. Laut Statistik, ist Android die am häufigsten genutzte Plattform. Außerdem hat sich in den letzten Jahren die Entwicklung von Android-Apps stark gewandelt, insbesondere die UI-Entwicklung hat sich mit der Einführung von Jetpack Compose drastisch verändert. Früher wurden Android-Apps mit der Programmiersprache Java entwickelt und die Benutzeroberfläche wurde mit XML gemacht. Mit der Umstellung auf die Programmiersprache Kotlin und Jetpack Compose wurde eine neue Generation der Android-App-Entwicklung eingeleitet. In Anbetracht dieser Tatsachen, konzentriert sich diese Arbeit auf die Veränderungen, welche die Android-Entwicklung unterzogen ist. Anhand der in dieser Arbeit enthaltenen Informationen wird deutlich, dass die neue Art der Entwicklung von Android Anwendungen in Bezug auf Leistung und Kodierung vorteilhaft ist. Die Forschung hat jedoch gezeigt, dass die erstgenannte Technik nicht ignoriert werden sollte, da sie bei der Problemlösung in der Entwicklungsphase. der Entwicklungsphase aufgrund der Menge des verfügbaren Materials. Nowadays, for many people a life without a mobile smart device is unimaginable. According to statistics, Android is the platform that is most commonly used. Furthermore, in the last couple of years Android app development has undergone a major change, especially UI development has changed drastically with the introduction of Jetpack Compose. Previously, Android apps were developed with the programming language Java and the user interface was created with XML. With the shift to the programming language Kotlin and Jetpack Compose being the user interface toolkit, Android app development started a new generation. Considering those facts, this thesis focuses on the changes Android development has undergone in the previous years and giving an introduction to Jetpack Compose. With the information provided in this thesis, it is clear that the new way to develop Android applications is beneficial in terms of performance and coding. However, research has shown that the former technique should not be ignored since it can help with problem-solving in the development phase because of the amount of material available.

Аудит позволяет контролировать достоверность информации, представленной в бухгалтерском и налоговом отчетах. Данные о том, как использовать имущество, денежные средства, осуществлять коммерческие операции и инвестировать в юридические объекты, могут объективно подтвердить независимый аудитор., The audit allows you to control the accuracy of the information provided in the accounting and tax reports. Data on how to use property, money, carry out commercial transactions and invest in legal entities can be objectively confirmed by an independent auditor., Экономика и предпринимательство, Выпуск 1 (150) 2023, Pages 921-924

Due to increasing age and an increasing prevalence rate of neurocognitive disorders such as Mild Cognitive Impairment (MCI) and dementia, independent living may become challenging. The use of socially assistive robots (SARs) is one solution that can enable older adults with cognitive impairment to remain independent. However, at present, there is a lack of knowledge about the attitudes of older adults with MCI and their caregivers towards SARs. This study relies on a constructivist grounded theory approach. Semi-structured interviews were conducted to gain a deeper insight into attitudes of two different stakeholder groups; older adults with MCI and their (in)formal caregivers. Forty individual semi-structured interviews were conducted with older adults with MCI (N = 30) and (in)formal caregivers (N = 10). Data revealed different perspectives on SARs in healthcare for the involved stakeholders. Two main topics could be derived: (1) perspectives on robot assistance, discussing different viewpoints on the potential value of robots as helpers, and (2) perspectives on implementation, revealing different factors that could affect implementation. Both topics may explain a positive, impartial or negative attitude towards SARs. This study identified different factors that should be taken into account when implementing a SAR in the home environment of older adults. Despite the fact that the benefits of SARs are often recognized, many older participants currently seem not ready yet to commit to the use of a SAR.IMPLICATIONS FOR REHABILITATIONThis study explores the attitudes towards a SAR, developed to stimulate and support older adults with Mild Cognitive Impairment (MCI) on a physical, cognitive and social level.The results give a deeper insight into different factors contributing to a (non-) successful implementation of SARs in the home environment of older adults with MCI. This study explores the attitudes towards a SAR, developed to stimulate and support older adults with Mild Cognitive Impairment (MCI) on a physical, cognitive and social level. The results give a deeper insight into different factors contributing to a (non-) successful implementation of SARs in the home environment of older adults with MCI.

Background Family involvement in nursing homes is generally recognized as highly valuable for residents, staff and family members. However, family involvement continues to be challenging in practice. Aim To contribute to the dialogue about family involvement and develop strategies to improve family involvement in the nursing home. Methods This interpretative synthesis consists of a thematic analysis and care ethical interpretation of issues regarding family involvement from the perspective of families in nursing homes reported in literature. Findings This study reveals the complexities of family involvement in the nursing home by drawing attention to the moral dimension of the issues experienced by families, as seen through the theoretical lens of Baier’s care ethical concept of trust as a theoretical lens. The synthesis of literature resulted in a thematic categorization of issues reported by families, namely, family–staff relationship, psychosocial factors and organizational circumstances. The care ethical interpretation of the synthesis of literature showed that the concept of trust resonates with all reported issues. Trust evolves over time. Early issues are mostly related to getting to know each other. Secondly, families want to experience that staff are competent and of good will. Difficult feelings families may have, such as guilt or loneliness, and dealing with the deterioration of the loved one puts families in a vulnerable position. This power imbalance between family and staff impedes a trusting relationship. Issues related to organizational circumstances, such as understaffing, also undermine families' trust in staff and the nursing home. Discussion and conclusion Baier’s theoretical concept of trust provides a deeper insight into the moral dimension of family involvement from the perspective of families in the nursing home. To improve family involvement in practice, we propose to aim future interventions at reinforcing trust in the relationship between family and staff as well as in the organizational context in which these care relationships occur.

With the emergence of mobile technologies in education, the special needs students are gaining the infinite benefits that could enhance their learning sessions. Numerous studies are conducted on the usage of mobile technologies among the special needs students including their acceptance towards the technologies, its advantages as well as the obstacles on the utilisation of mobile technologies. However, fewer studies are done on the usage of mobile technologies among the hearing-impaired (HI) students. There is a need for more studies on that as the number of hearing-impaired people are increasing continuously around the globe. Hence, the aims of the study are to explore the hearing-impaired students’ perspectives on the usa of mobile technologies in learning ESL. In-depth interviews are conducted among the selected ten hearing-impaired students from four different secondary schools in Malaysia and the notable finding demonstrates the majority of them believed that mobile technologies assist them in learning. This study provides the insights for the education stakeholders, especially the policy makers and inventors to create the solutions and improvise the features of mobile technologies that are more user-friendly towards the hearing-impaired students.

We explore barriers to enjoyment of human rights to sexuality of persons with dementia and remedies for addressing these. Enjoyment of sexuality is contingent upon actualization of rights to dignity, autonomy, respect for will and preferences, abuse safeguarding and equitable access to highest standards of sexual health. Persons with dementia living at home or in care face systemic barriers to enjoyment of sexuality fueled by ageism, apathy and ignorance, compounded by complex legal barriers in relation to consent. Such challenges can be tackled with awareness raising and education of care staff, families and physicians, including training for capacity assessment with dimensional, noncategorical conceptualization of capacity, leaving room for supported decisionmaking. These measures, together with strengthened legislative and human rights frameworks to cater to the specific needs of older people, may allow people to live well with dementia and exercise their human rights to enjoy sexuality in a safe and lawful manner. (Am J Geriatr Psychiatry 2021; 29:1021-1026)

Η εργασία αποτελεί μέρος ευρύτερης έρευνας που αποσκοπεί στη συνέργεια της τυπικής με τη μη τυπική εκπαίδευση στο πλαίσιο της διδασκαλίας των φυσικών επιστημών. Μεθοδολογικό πλαίσιο της έρευνας είναι η επεκτατική μάθηση, ακολουθώντας τις φάσεις του επεκτατικού κύκλου. Η παρούσα εργασία στοχεύει στην ανάλυση της κατάστασης (δεύτερη φάση επεκτατικού κύκλου) που προηγείται του σχεδιασμού επιμορφωτικού σεμιναρίου για τους εκπαιδευτικούς (τρίτη φάση επεκτατικού κύκλου). Αποτελεί εμπειρική έρευνα που ακολουθεί τη μικτή προσέγγιση συλλέγοντας και αναλύοντας τόσο ποσοτικά όσο και ποιοτικά δεδομένα. Πιο συγκεκριμένα, αξιοποιεί ερωτηματολόγιο (n=149) και ημι-δομημένες συνεντεύξεις μιας ομάδας των εκπαιδευτικών (n=9). Τα ερευνητικά ερωτήματα της εργασίας αφορούν 1) τις απόψεις των εν ενεργεία εκπαιδευτικών πρωτοβάθμιας εκπαίδευσης της περιφέρειας Ηπείρου για τη συμβολή των μουσείων γενικού ενδιαφέροντος στη διδασκαλία των φυσικών επιστημών και 2) τις αντιφάσεις που βιώνουν οι εκπαιδευτικοί στο πλαίσιο της υφιστάμενης κατάστασης στη σχέση σχολείου και μουσείου σε μια κοινωνικο-πολιτισμική προοπτική. Παρά τις δυσκολίες που παρουσιάζονται από τους εκπαιδευτικούς και εκδηλώνονται ως αντιφάσεις, οι εμπλεκόμενοι εκπαιδευτικοί αντιλαμβάνονται τη σημασία της μη τυπικής εκπαίδευσης και εκφράζουν την πρόθεση είτε να συμμετάσχουν είτε να σχεδιάσουν οι ίδιοι και να εφαρμόσουν εκπαιδευτικά προγράμματα φυσικών επιστημών σε μουσεία γενικού ενδιαφέροντος., The paper is part of a broader research that aims at the synergy between formal and non-formal education in the field of science education and follows the phases of an expansive learning cycle. The present paper focuses on the analysis of the existing situation (second phase of the cycle) which precedes the design of a training seminar for the teachers (third phase of the cycle). The paper presents empirical research which follows the mixed method collecting and analysing quantitative as well as qualitative data. In particular, it employs a questionnaire (n=149) and some semi-structured interviews from a group of teachers (n=9). The research questions of the paper concern 1) in-service primary education teachers’ views on the contribution of the museums of general interest in science education and 2) the contradictions teachers deal with in the frame of the existing relation between school and museum under a cultural-historical perspective. Despite the difficulties presented by the teachers and manifested as contradictions, the involved teachers recognize the importance of non-formal education and express their intention to either participate or design themselves and implement science education programs in museums of general interest.

Background Human milk banks (HMB) play an essential role by providing human milk to infants who would otherwise not be able to receive mother’s milk. There is currently no donor milk bank in Turkey. For any new health intervention to be successful, determining its acceptability is a vital first step. This study intends to determine the opinions, knowledge, and attitudes of native Turkish and refugee women living in Çeştepe, Aydın, a rural area in Turkey, about HMB. Methods A population-based cross-sectional, mixed-methods study was conducted. Qualitative study data were collected through in-depth interviews with 33 women, and quantitative study data were collected using a questionnaire. A total of 271 women in the region were included in the study. Qualitative data were thematically analyzed and then a conceptual framework was created. Logistic regression was performed for quantitative data. Results Fifty-seven point nine per cent of the women were willing to donate breast milk, whereas only 27.7% were willing to use donor milk for their babies. Religious concerns, fear of infectious diseases, and distrust in people they did not know were among the reasons for the negative attitudes of the women. Fear of infectious diseases was mentioned specifically by native Turkish women, and religious concerns were reported both by native Turkish and refugee women. The importance of breast milk and religion were among the reasons for positive attitudes. Additionally, odds of having a positive attitude were 4.19 times higher in homemaker women (95% CI 2.0, 8.76); 4.77 times higher in women with three or more children (95% CI 1.25, 8.15); 6.12 times higher in women who had a positive attitude towards wet nursing (95% CI 3.14, 9.63); and 2.68 times higher in those who had previously heard about human milk banking (95% CI 1.24, 5.79). Conclusion Attitudes towards HMB are affected by religion, cultural beliefs, and concerns about the safety of breast milk in HMBs. Refugees and native Turkish women are found to have similar religious concerns. These findings should be taken into consideration in human milk banking initiatives and in activities to increase acceptance by the public.

The development of breastmilk banks is being established among the African population, including in Limpopo Province. However, the views of nurses directly handling the donated breastmilk in the province remain unknown. This study was aimed at exploring and describing the views of nurses towards breastmilk banking in the Mankweng area, Limpopo Province. A qualitative, descriptive, and explorative study was undertaken at a tertiary hospital and a rural feeder clinic in the Mankweng area. Purposive sampling was employed to obtain participants for the interviews. One-on-one, semi-structured interviews were conducted to explore the views of these nurses. Data were analysed using Tesch’s open coding method, with the information obtained being grouped into different themes and sub-themes. Almost all nurses were willing to donate their breastmilk to the bank. However, receiving donated breastmilk for their own children seemed to be a challenge due to the safety of the donated breastmilk, uncertainty about the screening process, and cultural issues. Although donation of breastmilk appeared to be well supported by almost all the nurses, the use of donated breastmilk seemed to be not fully acceptable. Increased awareness about breastmilk donation and banking should be prioritised in the province.

Aims To investigate the attitudes and beliefs towards the implementation of nurse prescribing among general nurses and nurse specialists. Design A cross‐sectional survey among general nurses and nurse specialists was conducted in seven provinces and one autonomous region in mainland China using convenience sampling method. Methods The attitudes and beliefs towards nurse prescribing were assessed using the Nurse Attitudes and Beliefs towards Nurse prescribing scale, of which Cronbach's coefficient was 0.902, retest reliability was 0.808. Respondents from eight hospitals across the country were employed to complete an online questionnaire. Results Nurse specialists (n = 399) had statistically significantly more favourable intentions towards nurse prescribing than general nurses (n = 415; 105.64 ± 12.83 vs. 96.39 ± 13.16; p

Introduction Healthcare professionals (HCPs) and patients have various motives to report adverse drug reactions (ADRs) to their national agency. These motives may differ between countries. Objective The aim of this study was to assess to what extent motives of HCPs and patients to report ADRs differ between countries. Methods HCPs and patients from Croatia (HR), The Netherlands (NL), and the UK were asked to complete a web-based survey containing questions regarding demographics and ADR reporting. HCPs and patients could select all motives for reporting that applied to them, with a total of 23 and 24 motives, respectively. Descriptive statistics are presented and Chi-square tests were used to test for differences across the countries, with effect sizes calculated using Cramer’s V. Results In total, 296 HCPs and 423 patients were included (60% and 32% from Croatia, 19% and 44% from NL, and 21% and 24% from the UK, respectively). For most of the motives to report or not to report an ADR, there were no differences between countries. Most HCPs from all countries would be motivated to report an ADR if there was a strong suspicion of causality (89%), if it concerned a severe/serious ADR (86%), and if it concerned an ADR for a new, recently marketed drug (77%). Most patients from all countries agreed that they would report an ADR if it concerned a severe ADR (96%), if the ADR influenced their daily activities (91%), and if they were worried about their own situation (90%). Differences across the countries (p

Cilj ovog rada je razvitak društvene mreže u razvojnom okviru Django u svrhu povezivanja pekara i entuzijasta sa područja Hrvatske. Prije opisa koraka implementacije aplikacije detaljno je objašnjena struktura podataka aplikacije te postupak inicijalizacije Django projekta. Dio rada o samoj implementaciji uključuje detaljne korake razvoja nekih od stranica aplikacije, spajajući koncepte Django-a poput modela, obrazaca, pogleda i predložaka., The goal of this thesis is to develop a social network in the Django development framework for the purpose of connecting bakers and baking enthusiasts from Croatia. Before describing the implementation steps, the data structure of the application and the initialization procedure are explained in detail. The implementation itself includes detailed steps of developing some of the application pages, bringing together Django concepts like models, forms, views, and templates.

The purpose of this study was to investigate science and mathematics teachers’ views and experiences about science and mathematics integration. The research was carried out with four science and four mathematics teachers teaching in four different state middle schools in the Dulkadiroğlu district of Kahramanmaraş province. Convenience sampling startegy was used for selecting participants. Phenomenology study, one of the qualitative research methods, was used as research design. Data were collected through two semi structured interviews forms, each consisting of seven questions. First pre-interviews were conducted one by one and then sample lesson plans prepared based on science and mathematics integration were shown to the teachers. After they examined the plans, post interviews were conducted. Data were analyzed by content analysis method. Findings indicated that all of the teachers thought that there was a strong relationship between science and mathematics. Science teachers defined integration as a compulsory relationship, while mathematics teachers defined it a mathematical need for science fields. Both science and mathematics teachers stated that the feel sufficient to implement science and mathematics integration. They also expressed that they need the integration and use it during their teaching., Bu araştırmanın amacı, fen bilimleri ve matematik öğretmenlerinin fen ve matematik entegrasyonu hakkındaki düşüncelerinin ve deneyimlerinin ortaya çıkarılmasıdır. Araştırma, Kahramanmaraş ili, Dulkadiroğlu ilçesinde bulunan dört devlet ortaokulunda görev yapan dört fen bilimleri öğretmeni ve dört matematik öğretmeni ile gerçekleştirilmiştir. Katılımcılar seçilirken uygun örnekleme yöntemi kullanılmıştır. Araştırmanın yöntemi nitel araştırma yöntemlerinden fenomenoloji çalışması olarak belirlenmiştir. Araştırmada araştırmacılar tarafından hazırlanan yedişer sorudan oluşan ön görüşme ve son görüşme sorularından oluşan iki ayrı görüşme formu kullanılmıştır. Ön görüşmeler gerçekleştirildikten sonra öğretmenlere fen ve matematik entegrasyonuna uygun hazırlanmış iki ders planı incelettirilmiştir. Planların incelettirilmesinin ardından son görüşmeler gerçekleştirilmiştir. Elde edilen veriler içerik analizi yöntemi ile çözümlenmiştir. Öğretmenlerin tamamının fen ve matematik arasında güçlü bir ilişki bulunduğu düşüncesine sahip olduğu ortaya çıkmıştır. Fen öğretmenleri entegrasyonu zorunlu bir ilişki olarak tanımlarken, matematik öğretmenleri fenin matematiğe olan ihtiyacı olarak tanımlamışlardır. Hem fen bilimleri hem de matematik öğretmenleri entegrasyonu uygulama konusunda kendilerini yeterli gördüklerini ifade etmişlerdir. Ayrıca öğretmenler fen ve matematik entegrasyonuna ihtiyaç duyduklarını ve entegrasyonu derslerinde kullandıklarını ifade etmişlerdir.

This study looks at the relationship between economic system justification and the Big 5 personality traits.

N-of-1 trials and single-case designs (SCD) are used to evaluate individual-patient response to interventions. This is in contrast to group-based research designs (e.g. randomised controlled trials), which tell us more about the average response to interventions for the group studied. N-of-1 trials and SCDs are being increasingly recognised as a useful method across a number of disciplines, but generally their adoption has been limited. This may be related to a number of inaccurate beliefs about these methods or perceived barriers to using them. It is important to explore stakeholder perspectives of N-of-1 trials and SCDs in order to identify strategies to increase awareness and adoption. To date, there are few high-quality studies investigating multiple stakeholder perspectives about using N-of-1 trials and SCDs studies in the healthcare context. Most studies have focused on the views of clinicians or patients, with few exploring views of other important stakeholders such as funders, statisticians, methodologists, publishers and regulators. Furthermore, the existing evidence is based on poorly reported research methodology with no theoretical basis about the potential factors that might influence awareness and adoption. A comprehensive, theory-based, in-depth investigation of perspectives across multiple stakeholders groups is needed. This can inform the development of intervention strategies to improve awareness and adoption of N-of-1 trials and SCD studies in healthcare.

the presented article contains studies of Abdurakhman Jami's views on the meaning of human life as interpreted by the scientist philosopher M.N.Boltaev. The article provides a detailed explanation of the views that existed in history about the essence of man and the changed judgments in the present. According to M.N.Boltaev, the essence of man is not a limited concept, which largely depends on the structure of society and its moral foundations and analyzes the spiritual heritage of Abdurakhman Jami.

Community pharmacists have been identified as an accessible source of drug information for both patients and other healthcare professionals. Over the years, the role and practices of community pharmacists have developed from drug-based activities to patient-centered healthcare. Although most patients have considered community pharmacists the initial point of contact for their medication-related concerns, they remain underutilized healthcare professionals who have become almost invisible to the public despite their efforts. This study was conducted to ascertain the public's awareness, expectations, and views of the roles and practices of community pharmacists in the Philippines. A descriptive quantitative and qualitative cross-sectional research design was employed; a self-made questionnaire was utilized among the 315 respondents selected through non-probability convenience sampling. For data analysis, descriptive statistics and the Chi-square approach were employed. Significant associations were defined as those with p < 0.05. Most of the respondents visit a community pharmacy 2-3 times a month (39.58%) to buy prescription medicines (73.02%) due to its reasonable price (74.60%). The majority (x̅=3.765) agreed that they had considered community pharmacists as an integral part of the healthcare system and expected them to respond to drug-related questions (x̅ =3.686) and view them to be knowledgeable enough to attend to their concerns (x̅ =3.613). The educational attainment of the respondents and their expectations on the roles and practices of community pharmacists were found to be significantly associated with the study (p=0.026). The public has presented an overall positive awareness, expectations, and views toward the roles and practices of community pharmacists.

Recognising the changing landscape and financial costs, changes in the higher education sector continue to challenge the purpose and operations of universities, notably the shift towards student consumerism. Given this, what it means to be a student in contemporary higher education can evolve and would arguably have implications about the expectations of university students and staff for learning and teaching practice. To promote greater transparency of expectations, this paper develops the concept of the ideal student further with closer look into the spheres of influence that shape university students’ construction of the ideal student. We draw on 23 focus groups with 105 university students to explore the key factors that contribute to how the ideal student is developed and recognised. Our findings indicate that students’ construction of the ideal student is closely shaped by and rooted in their prior educational experiences, interaction with their peers and the curriculum, and perceptions of lecturers, institution and employer expectations. All these influences lead to a fluid and complex negotiation process as students navigate the meanings of being a university student. We conclude with practical implications for learning, teaching and curriculum development in higher education. The paper therefore provides a platform for key stakeholders to discuss different influencing factors as we support student transition and progression and manage their expectations of higher education.

Background Provision of contraception to women in the immediate postnatal period has been endorsed by professional bodies, to reduce the incidence of short inter-pregnancy intervals. This study examined the views of postnatal women and practising midwives regarding provision of contraceptive advice and contraceptive methods by midwives, in a region of the United Kingdom. Methods A mixed-method approach using qualitative interviews with midwives, and a postnatal survey followed by qualitative interviews with postnatal women, in five hospitals in the East of England. Twenty-one practising midwives and ten women were interviewed. Two hundred and twenty-seven women returned a survey. Survey data was analysed descriptively, augmented by Student’s t-tests and Chi-squared tests to examine associations within the data. Interviews were recorded, transcribed and analysed guided by the phases of thematic analysis. Results Midwives and women supported the concept of increased midwifery provision of contraceptive advice, and provision of contraceptive methods in the postnatal period. Convenience and an established trusting relationship were reasons for preferring midwifery provision over visiting a doctor for contraception. The best time for detailed discussion was reported to be antenatal and community visits. The Progesterone-only-pill (POP) was the method, in which women indicated most interest postnatally. Concerns for midwives included the need for increased education on contraceptive methods and training in supplying these. Structural barriers to such provision were time pressures, low prioritisation of contraceptive training and disputes over funding. Conclusions Women reported interest in midwives supplying contraceptive methods and expressed the view that this would be convenient and highly acceptable. Midwives are supportive of the concept of providing enhanced contraceptive advice and methods to women in their care, and believe that it would be advantageous for women. Institutional support is required to overcome structural barriers such as poor access to continuous professional development, and to allow contraceptive provision to be fully recognised as integral to the midwifery role, rather than a marginalised addition.

The article deals with the issues of optimizing the process of developing the future specialists’ comprehension regarding the algorithm for reading graphic documents who are studying in the specialty 015 Professional education, using the example of individual topics of the course “Engineering Graphics”, where issues on descriptive geometry and drafting, computer graphics are worked out. The development of competencies related to the drafting reading algorithm is one of the most important stages of graphic preparing future teachers of professional training. Teaching experience shows that the above-mentioned process will be successful if a logical order is used, in which the drafting is analyzed, its data is examined, and, gradually reviewing one element after another, an idea of the subject as a whole is formed. The teacher should teach the student a certain sequence of actions for rational drafting reading, that is, a certain drafting reading system must be implemented. The results of the presented study prove that the process of developing graphic knowledge, skills and abilities of future specialists will be much more effective if the procedure for reading drafting is carried out throughout the course using special exercises that have methodological justification. A significant part of time should be spent on reading drafting. However, during different periods of studying the curriculum material, the amount of time allocated for reading drafting should be different. Special exercises for reading drafting should end the study of almost every topic of the curriculum. After the material of a particular topic is worked out, it is necessary to teach students to freely read drafting containing information from the corresponding section of the program. This, in fact, is the purpose of studying many topics of the curriculum. Of course, at this time, the material is also consolidated and deepened, but the main thing is to teach students to apply the theoretical material they have learned in practice, that is, to read drafting., У статті розглядаються питання оптимізації процесу формування знань та вмінь щодо алгоритму читання графічних документів у майбутніх фахівців, що навчаються за спеціальністю 015 Професійна освіта, на прикладі окремих тем курсу “Інженерна графіка”, де опрацьовуються питання з нарисної геометрії і креслення, комп’ютерної графіки. Результати представленого дослідження доводять – процес формування графічних знань, умінь та навичок майбутніх фахівців буде значно ефективнішим, якщо процедура читання креслень буде проводитися протягом усього курсу з використанням спеціальних вправ, що мають методичне обґрунтування.

Background: Professional support for people with intellectual disabilities is increasingly delivered remotely. Understanding what support workers do to support people with intellectual disabilities remotely, and how they do this, is therefore important. The purpose of this study was to gain insight into the remote support practice of the support staff of the Dutch service DigiContact. Methods: A qualitative study was performed in which we followed an inductive-iterative process and used different sources of information: documents, interviews with people who are supported by DigiContact and their caseworkers, and interviews with DigiContact support workers. Findings: Seven themes were constructed and described. Four themes reflected the support activities of DigiContact support workers, and three themes reflected qualities that guide how the support is provided. Conclusions: A remote support context can bring both challenges and opportunities to the practice of supporting people with intellectual disabilities. The findings can be useful for service organisations who are contemplating the adoption of remote support initiatives for people with intellectual disabilities.

The article shows the views of I.Ogienko on the meaning of D.Tup- talo’s work “Minei” in the life of the Ukrainian people., У статті розкриваються погляди І.Огієнка на значення творчості Д.Туптала у житті українського народу.

The article deals with the spiritual sermons of Metropolitan Ilarion concerning the choice of a child’s name and its significance for contemporaneity., У статті висвітлюються духовні повчання митрополита Іларіона стосовно вибору імені дитини і розкривається їх значимість для сьогодення.

Background and Objectives Although it has become standard to include the views of older people when assessing their well-being, most existing methods are ill-suited to estimate the relative importance of well-being dimensions. This article investigates the potential of the factorial survey method to estimate the relative importance of six well-being dimensions (health, income, social relations, leisure, engaging activities, and religion) based on the views of older people themselves. Research Design and Methods We implemented a factorial survey in a repeated survey experiment among 800 older adults in Flanders (the Dutch-speaking northern part of Belgium). We performed several within-sample test–retests to investigate the consistency of the estimated coefficients over time (i.e., temporal reliability). In addition, we tested the feasibility of the factorial survey by studying two indicators of cognitive load: response time and response consistency. Results We estimated the relative importance of increases in six well-being dimensions. Increases from the lowest level to the highest level in the dimensions of health, income, and social relations had the highest effect on well-being—followed by leisure, engaging activities, and religion. The results proved to be consistent in most of the test–retest analyses. Furthermore, we found that respondents produced a high level of response consistency within an acceptable amount of response time. Discussion and Implications The findings suggest that the factorial survey method offers a promising way forward to elicit older people’s views on well-being and, hence, in developing tailored policies that matter to them.

Ivan Ohienko’s approaches and views concerning organization of scientic work, ideology of its direction and critical attitude to performed job have been revealed in this article. Attention has been paid to methodology and directions of his scientic research, bringing of his essential ideas to the public., В статті обґрунтовуються підходи та розкриваються погляди Івана Огієнка щодо організації наукової праці, ідеологічності її спрямування і критичного ставлення до виконаної роботи. Звертається увага на методологію та напрями його наукових досліджень, доведення найсуттєвіших ідей до широкого загалу вчених.

Dandan Chen,1 Feng Song,2 Nianqi Cui,3 Leiwen Tang,1 Hui Zhang,4 Jing Shao,1 Ruolin Qiu,1 Dan Wang,1 Xiyi Wang,1 Zhihong Ye1 1Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Affiliated Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, People’s Republic of China; 2Yunnan College of Business Management, Medical Faculty, Kunming, Yunnan, People’s Republic of China; 3The Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, People’s Republic of China; 4Guizhou Provincial People’s Hospital, Department of Cardiology, Guiyang, Guizhou, People’s Republic of ChinaCorrespondence: Zhihong YeAffiliated Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, 3 East Qingchun Road, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310016, People’s Republic of ChinaTel +86 136 0661 2119Email yezh@zju.edu.cnIntroduction: With the effective treatments of novel coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), thousands of patients have recovered from COVID-19 globally. The public perceptions and views are vital to facilitate recovered COVID-19 patients reintegrate into society. In China, the rural population accounts for nearly 70% of the total population. Therefore, we chose to evaluate perceptions and views of rural residents towards COVID-19 recovered patients in China.Methods: Fifteen participants were sampled from a village with the severe COVID-19 epidemic in Zibo city, Shandong Province. The fifteen participants who lived in the village with COVID-19 recovered patients were included. They were over 18 years of age and were voluntary to participant in the study. A descriptive qualitative design using semi-structured telephone interviews was undertaken. Thematic analysis was undertaken.Results: Five main themes emerged from the data: (1) Perceived personal characteristics of COVID-19 recovered patients; (2) Perceived difficulties faced by COVID-19 recovered patients; (3) Perceptions on the social relationship with COVID-19 recovered patients; (4) Views on COVID-19 recovered patients going to public venues; (5) Views on helping COVID-19 recovered patients. Each theme was supported by several subthemes.Conclusion: Our study showed that discrimination and reduced social intimacy exist among rural residents. To improve their views or the situation, relevant departments could lead health educational programs and encourage supportive social connections. Through these strategic messaging, rural residents are expected to recognize that COVID-19 recovered patients need more social support, rather than discrimination and resistance, which helps recovered patients better return to society.Keywords: rural residents, perceptions, views, COVID-19 recovered patients, China

Despite the widespread ratification of the United Nations Convention on the Rights of the Child, children continue to struggle to have their participation rights recognised and supported. This is evident within family law, where despite sometimes progressive and strong legislation, children’s views are often not heard nor given due weight, when parent-child contact is contested within the courts. This paper explores barriers to children’s participation rights being realised. It uses Scotland as the example, due to its strong legal safeguards and mechanisms that aim to support participation rights. The paper draws on recent empirical research with legal professionals, combined with an analysis of reported case law and relevant literature, to explore the barriers ‘on the ground’ for children’s participation rights. Through our analysis, we offer new ways to conceptualise the notion of influence in children’s participation rights in family actions. We offer the conceptual devices of ‘the influenced child’ and ‘the influential child’ to elucidate how children’s participation rights are restricted.

This paper explores the connection between articles within the United Nations Convention on the Rights of the Child and the participation and capacities of children. Though discussed in an abundance of literature, this article aims to analyse conceptually articles relating to the participation of children and expand upon the concept of a child’s capacity. The specific setting of custody and access proceedings will be considered throughout. Four critical articles, 3, 5, 9 and 12, within the Convention, will be examined thoroughly which emphasise the capacities, voices, views and best interests of children. These articles will be adequately considered in order to determine how the provisions actualise the participation of children in custody and access proceedings. A conceptual analysis of the aforementioned articles will be included to discuss concepts, definitions, language and critiques.

Introduction: This study analyzed views and downloads of articles published in China CDC Weekly from 2019 to 2020 as part of an evaluation of the academic level and quality of the journal. Methods: The study included articles published between November 29, 2019 and December 25, 2020 and evaluated views and downloads through February 9, 2021 using standard bibliometrics. We conducted network analysis with VOSviewer software. Results: There were 283 articles from 101 institutions published in China CDC Weekly during the analysis period, among which 22 (21.8%) institutions were overseas institutions. There were 220 unique first authors, with 1.28 articles per first author. There were 2,404,882 views and 58,760 downloads in total. The article with the highest view and download counts had 1,244,826 views and 38,978 downloads. Article types with more than 4,500 views per article were Vital Surveillance, Notes from the Field, and Preplanned Studies. Subjects with more than 3,500 views per article were epidemiology of infectious diseases, epidemiology of non-infectious diseases, and maternal and child health. Articles with descriptive research and articles discussing public health monitoring received more attention, shown by larger average per article page views. Discussion: Study results can help the editorial department improve the journal’s international influence through targeted measures, such as adjusting article types according to view and download analyses and increasing the proportion of international manuscripts selected.

Exclusive breastfeeding (EBF) is not a norm in many communities in South Africa despite the World Health Organizations’ recommendations for EBF in the first six months of infant’s life. Thus, South Africa continues to observe suboptimal and poor practices of EBF. The purpose of the study was to explore the experiences of mothers who are HIV-positive and negative on EBF and examine the extent to which initiation and sustenance of EBF is influenced by cultural beliefs, societal norms, and family norms and practices in Mpumalanga Province. Three focus group discussions and twelve in-depth interviews were conducted among thirty mothers who were purposively selected during their visits to the facilities for childcare services. Interviews were audiotaped, transcribed verbatim, and transcripts were analysed through thematic analysis using NVivo version 10. Mothers were aged between 18 and 42 years, most were unemployed and were living in poor sociodemographic backgrounds in extended family households. We found evidence of factors that influence the decision to EBF and mix feed infants among mothers. Traditional and cultural beliefs and norms that exist within their communities informed decisions mothers took to EBF. These beliefs existed alongside mothers’ opinions on breastfeeding (BF) and HIV infection, as well as the fears of harming the baby through HIV infection, leading to early cessation of BF. Mothers were also advised by family members, friends, and even some healthcare workers to use traditional medicines while BF. The association of EBF with sagging breasts and weight loss as well as discomfort with public BF are personal beliefs that influenced initiation and early cessation of EBF. Breastfeeding messages ought to be context specific to improve the knowledge, understanding, acceptance and practice of EBF among HIV-positive and negative mothers. Culturally appropriate counselling messages that address the known cultural practices of the populations affected are essential to changing the beliefs and norms of the communities including extended families of EBF mothers.

This article provides a philosophical analysis of a putative right of the child to have their expressed views considered in matters that affect them. Article 12 of the United Nations Convention on the Rights of the Child 1989 is an influential and interesting statement of that right. The article shows that the child’s ‘right to a voice’ is complex. Its complexity lies in the problem of contrasting an adult’s normative power of choice with a child’s weighted views, in the various senses in which we might consider the child’s views, and in the questions of how to weight those views and how their weighting makes a practical difference in coming to a decision. In so doing we criticise other accounts that simply regard a child’s views as having consultative value. We also make better sense of how we might weight a child’s views. The philosophical issues addressed in the article carry implications for how we might understand Article 12 that are not satisfactorily identified and addressed in the voluminous literature on Article 12 within childhood studies. These issues also have implications for how we might understand the distinction between adults and children in respect of powers of personal choice. We conclude by emphasising the importance and value of the right that Article 12 seeks to formally identify.

Design and development of effective anti-virals in combating CoVid-19 is a great challenge worldwide. Known drugs such as chloroquine, lopinavir, favipiravir and remdesivir are used in the management of CoVid - 19. It is known that Ivermectin and remdesivir both are effective against filoviruses, paramyxo viruses. Available data also shows that ivermectin and remedesivir repress the replication of SARS-CoV-2. Thus, we document the potential use of ivermectin and remdesivir in the management of CoVid -19.

This study investigated teachers' views of Massive Open Online Courses (MOOCs). The sample consisted of 30 teachers recruited from different cities of Turkey using criteria sampling. Phenomenology was the research method of choice. Data were collected using a semi-structured interview form and analyzed using content analysis. Participants use MOOCs because they are free of charge and have good content and high quality. MOOCs help them learn science, technology, engineering, and mathematics, gain professional knowledge, and develop skills, and positive attitudes and values. Most participants are interested in integrating MOOCs in their classes; however, they face various problems during MOOCs, such as loss of motivation and Internet connection issues. It is recommended that MOOCs be designed in such a way that they increase participants' motivation and allow for feedback.

Individuele regte, meer bepaald die denkbeeld van abstrakte, gelyke, universele, subjektiewe menseregte oorheers tans die regsdiskoers en -praktyk. Dit is egter van onlangse oorsprong, want hierdie denkbeeld het eers gedurende die rewolusionêre tydvak in die laaste kwart van die agtiende eeu sterk op die voorgrond getree en toe ná die Tweede Wêreldoorlog beslissend geseëvier. In hierdie bespreking word die opkoms van die individu eers nagegaan en daarna dié van individuele regte. Dit word gedoen met verwysing na die Klassieke Griekse denke, die klassieke Romeinse reg en die daaropvolgende Middeleeuse tradisie tot by die Vroeg-Moderne tydvak. In plaas daarvan dat die individu met (individuele) regte in 'n potensieel of daadwerklike verhouding van spanning met ander individue met soortgelyke (botsende) individuele regte as die wesenlike eienskap van die reg beskou is, is die reg eerder kosmies beskou, dit wil sê, as 'n objektiewe regsgeheel waarbinne mense uiteenlopende toegewese rolle vertolk het. By die beantwoording van die vraag of ons enigsins baat te vind het by hierdie pre-moderne beskouings is die uitgangspunt, in navolging van Danie Goosen, dat ons met hermeneutiese oordeel eerder as met dogmatiese drif te werk moet gaan. Daarvolgens word die uiterstes vermy om die klassieke denkbeelde óf heeltemal (progressiwisties) te verwerp óf dit reaksionêr op ons huidige werklikheid te probeer oorplant. Teen hierdie agtergrond word hier geredeneer dat die volgende ses denkbeelde wat verder in Deel 4 uitgepluis word, náás individuele regte 'n belangrike bydrae te lewer het tot 'n meer omvattende, realistiese en harmoniese begrip van wat die reg behoort te behels. Die denkbeelde is plek, rol, amp, hoedanigheid, verantwoordelikheid en roeping. The notion of subjective individual human rights is presently occupying a dominant position in legal thinking and practice. Hence, people's position within the legal order is almost exclusively conceptualised in terms of individual human rights - abstract, equal, universal subjective individual human rights - to put the concept in true perspective. Nothing, so it is believed, needs to be added to that. In our day, moreover, human rights assume the character of a redeeming gospel, guaranteeing justice comprehensively and serving as a panacea for all the challenges humanity might be facing. Whenever a new ill arises a new human right will surface providing the required cure. However, the dominance of human rights is no natural given. Its present dominance is also of fairly recent origin. It is associated with a distinctive individualist ideology that emerged only since early modernity. It made tumultuous strides during the revolutionary era in the last quarter of the eighteenth century and finally triumphed only after World War II. Given the tremendous upsurge of subjective individual rights, conceptualisation of law in its objective guise as a holistic system has largely been neglected. This is unfortunate, since it has caused a distorted and impoverished view of what law - and a legal order - on closer analysis should signify. The last part of the discussion (Part 4) precisely seeks to offer suggestions as to what law viewed from an objective vantage point should signify. To reach that point, an historical overview of the emergence of the concept of the individual is first given in part 2, followed in part 3 with an overview of the rise of individual rights. These two issues are closely inter-related. For clarity's sake we deal with them separately. Focusing first on the individual (and individualism), it is shown that the "individual" of Classicism and the Middle Ages was in fact far removed from the individual of present-day individualism. Thus Louis Dumont (similar to Ernst Troeltsch, Alasdair Maclntyre, Collin Morris and various other idea historians referred to in Part 2) highlights the drastic break between the kind of individuality of early Christianity in stark contrast to contemporary individualism, explaining: This "individual " was a sinner before God the Almighty, equal to all other individual sinners, yet "naturally" anchored in a variety of communal settings occupying designated places and fulfilling roles. The latter were not regarded as equal to all others and exercising individual rights on an equal footing with all other individuals. Only after the individualising events specifically associated with René Descartes and Thomas Hobbes, something that vaguely resembled the modern-day individual, reflecting the notion of individualism, really started emerging, culminating in the post World War II triumph of individualism. Part 3 deals with the equally modern-day notion of subjective individual human rights. Concurrent with abstracting the notion of the individual, the idea of individual rights appears to have emerged only in the nominalism of William of Ockham and others. Before that, none of the Classical roots of our Western civilisation - Christianity, Classical Athenian philosophy, Roman law - conceived of law as a system of subjective equal human rights. On the contrary, law was viewed in the first place as a natural whole designating specific places, roles and offices to each person. Thus Michael Oakeshott explains: Roman law with reference to numerous classical sources such as the work of Celsius and Paulus as reported in the Digest in the Justinian Code, as well as various others such as Marcus Aurelius all viewed law as an objective (cosmic) order of justice sustained by everyone fulfilling his and her (naturally) allocated, distinctive roles. Individual rights have no doubt brought about huge strides to the betterment of human existence, but such rights also have a dark downside, having caused an inordinate degree of fragmentation, atomism and loss of a sense of civilisation. It is suggested that our classical Western roots of civilisation may be of help not by simply transplanting them into our present-day reality but instead to regard them with hermeneutical judgment as argued by Danie Goosen. It is on the basis of this constructive relationship with our tradition, steering clear from the extremes of a reactionary retreat to classicism on the one hand as well as, on the other, a hostile rejection of anything that classicism might offer, that I embark on the discussion in Part 4. It is argued that over and above subjective individual rights we stand to gain richly from the following six notions for elucidating our insight into how a sound legal order should be conceived. These six notions, unpacked in the last part are that of place, role, office, capacity, responsibility and calling.

A brief idea

Background Person-centered care has been shown to be beneficial for nursing home residents. The know-how and attitude of healthcare professionals, however, can make its implementation difficult. Also, research on person-centered care with regard to medication decision-making and the medicines’ pathway in nursing homes is lacking. This study aimed to provide an understanding of healthcare professionals’ attitudes and perspectives on current resident and informal caregiver involvement in medication decision-making and the medicines’ pathway in nursing homes. Methods A qualitative, explorative study using semi-structured interviews with a sample of 25 healthcare professionals from four different nursing homes was performed. Interview transcripts were analyzed by means of an inductive thematic framework. Results Three overarching domains were identified: 1) features of, 2) drivers and barriers for, and 3) perceived consequences of resident and informal caregiver involvement in medication decision-making and the medicines’ pathway. Involvement was mainly initiated by residents and informal caregivers themselves, pointing towards information and participation needs among both groups. Nevertheless, actions of healthcare professionals towards resident and informal caregiver involvement were mainly reactive and fragmentary. Their actions were influenced by the perception of residents and informal caregivers’ desire and capabilities to be involved, the perception of their own professional role, but also by organizational factors such as the nursing home’s philosophy. Furthermore, organizational concerns tempered the motivation to provide residents and informal caregivers with more medication-related responsibilities. Conclusions Resident and informal caregiver involvement in medication decision-making and the medicines’ pathway remains limited in nursing homes. Information and participation needs of residents and informal caregivers were not fully acknowledged by healthcare professionals. As such, we can conclude that there is a need for initiatives, both on an individual and on an organizational level, to create and improve awareness on opportunities to improve resident and informal caregiver involvement in medication decision-making and the medicines’ pathway.

As the use of genomic sequencing (GS) in the prenatal setting becomes more widespread, laboratories and clinicians will be tasked with making decisions about whether to offer incidental and secondary findings to expectant parents and, if so, which ones. Unfortunately, few guidelines or position statements issued by professional bodies address the return of secondary findings specifically in the context of prenatal GS, nor do they offer clear guidance on whether, and which types of incidental findings should be reported. Laboratories and clinicians will also need to navigate other challenges, such as how to obtain sufficiently informed consent, workload burdens for both laboratories and clinicians, and funding. Here we discuss these, and other challenges associated with offering incidental and secondary findings in the context of prenatal GS. We outline existing guidelines for return of these findings, prenatally and in children. We review the existing literature on stakeholder perspectives on return of incidental and secondary findings and discuss the main practical and ethical challenges that require consideration. We then propose a framework to help guide decision-making, suggesting a baseline routine analysis, with additional layers of analysis that could be offered, according to local laboratory policy, with additional opt-in consent from the parents. ispartof: PRENATAL DIAGNOSIS vol:42 issue:6 pages:697-704 ispartof: location:England status: published

Bakgrund: Förlossningsskador kan leda till fysiska och psykiska besvär. Det finns brister och stora variationer i förlossningsvården i Sverige. Det saknas evidensbaserade riktlinjer för fysioterapi inom området och vilka insatser som har effekt är inte helt klarlagt. Kvinnornas egna upplevelser och erfarenheter spelar stor roll i arbetet för att fylla de kunskapsluckor som finns idag. Syfte: Syftet med studien var att undersöka fem kvinnors personliga upplevelser och erfarenheter av fysioterapeutiska åtgärder efter att de drabbats av förlossningsskador grad 3–4 och på så sätt öka förståelsen för fysioterapeutiska åtgärder hos fysioterapeuter inom detta område. Metod: Studien hade en kvalitativ deskriptiv design. Deltagarna var fem kvinnor som drabbats av förlossningsskador av grad 3–4. Rekryteringen skedde via Facebook-gruppen ”Allt om förlossningsskador”. Semistrukturerade intervjuer genomfördes och intervjumaterialet bearbetades genom en kvalitativ innehållsanalys. Resultat: Analysen resulterade i fyra kategorier: Minskad funktion i det vardagliga livet, Brister inom förlossningsvården, Upplevelser av fysioterapeutiska åtgärder och Informanternas förslag till förbättring inom kvinnohälsa samt tio subkategorier. Konklusion: Studien visade att kvinnorna upplevde att det saknas kunskap och kompetens gällande fysioterapi vid förlossningsskador. Resultatet tyder på att de viktigaste faktorerna i mötet med dessa kvinnor är utförligt information, tydliga instruktioner och bra bemötande av patienten. Behovet av vidare forskning och nya riktlinjer gällande fysioterapi vid förlossningsskador är stort och den fysioterapeutiska grundutbildningen bör inkludera en mer omfattande del om kvinnohälsa. Background: Women with perineal tears after childbirth often suffer from physical and psychological issues. There are some varieties and deficiencies in the Swedish health care system of maternity care, and there is an absence of evidence-based guidelines in the physiotherapeutic field of maternity care. The women’s perspectives play a major role to fill the gaps of knowledge that exist today. Purpose: The purpose of this study was to investigate views and experiences of physiotherapy from women with third- and fourth-degree perineal tears to establish a higher knowledge for physiotherapeutic methods. Method: The study was a semi-structured qualitative interview study that included five women with third- and fourth-degree perineal tears. The participants were recruited through the Facebook group “Allt om förlossningsskador”. Analyzing of the interview material was done through a qualitative content analysis. Results: The analysis resulted in four categories: Reduced function in everyday life, Deficiencies in maternity care, Experiences of physiotherapeutic measures and The informants’ proposals for improvement in women’s health with ten subcategories. Conclusion: The study showed that the women felt that there is a lack of knowledge and competence regarding physiotherapy after perineal tears. The results indicate that the most important factors in the meeting with these women are detailed information, clear instructions and good treatment of the patient. Further research and new guidelines regarding physiotherapy for women with perineal tears is needed and the physiotherapeutic education should involve more about women health and rehabilitation of pelvic floor injuries.

Bakgrund: Dödshjälp är en behandling som har införts i flera länder. Det är viktigt att förstå olika modeller och definitioner för dödshjälpen samt likheter med palliativ vård, för att kunna förstå sjuksköterskors inställningar till dödshjälp. Syfte: Syftet var att belysa sjuksköterskors inställningar till dödshjälp. Metod: Studiens metod var en litteraturöversikt som grundades på tio vetenskapliga kvalitativa och kvanitativa artiklar. Sökning av artiklar utfördes i två databaser, Cinahl Complete och PubMed. Därefter bearbetades artiklarna och analyserades enligt Fribergs fyra analys steg, vilket resulterade i tre teman. Resultat: I resultatet presenterades tre huvudteman; Positiva upplevelser och attityder till dödshjälp, Negativa upplevelser och attityder till dödshjälp samt Sjuksköterskors inställningar till patientens självbestämmande och autonomi. Sammanfattning: Resultatet i denna litteraturstudie påvisar att sjuksköterskors inställningar påverkas på positivt och negativt sätt och detta beror på olika faktorer som sjuksköterskors religiösa övertygelser, patientens autonomi och självbestämmande och lagen. Ämnet om dödshjälp är etiskt och har stor vikt för hela samhället och därför riktlinjer och regler behöver utvecklas. Background: Euthanasia is a treatment that has been introduced in several countries. It’s important to understand different models and definitions of euthanasia as well as similarities with palliative care, in order to be able to understand nurses' views to euthanasia. Aim: The purpose was to shed light on nurses' attitudes to euthanasia. Method: The study method was a literature review based on ten scientific qualitative and quantitative articles. Article search was performed in two databases, Cinahl Complete and PubMed. Then the articles were processed and analyzed based on Fribergs four steps, which resulted in three themes. Results: The results presented three main themes; Positive experiences and attitudes to euthanasia, Negative experiences and attitudes to euthanasia and Nurses' attitudes to the patient's self-determination and autonomy. Summary: The results of this literature study show that nurses’ views are affected in a positive and negative way and this is due to various factors such as nurses' religious beliefs, the patient's autonomy and self-determination and the law. The subject of euthanasia is ethical and of great importance to the whole of society, and therefore guidelines and rules need to be developed for everyone's sake.