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The article is devoted to the study of the volitional qualities of a personality in children of primary school age, involved and not involved in sports. In the study, the technique "Unsolvable problem" was used. The study was conducted with children of primary school age. The results of the study showed that children involved in sports are more determined and try to achieve their goals, even when this goal is impossible.

The article deals with the formation of speech therapy as a science, its current problems, the main goals of teaching children, the organization of the speech therapy process. The methodological foundations of speech therapy, the importance of speech therapy for the development of the personality of children with speech disorders, the influence of speech pathology on the entire mental development of the child, his activities and behavior are revealed.

Purpose Vocal fold nodules (VNs) are bilateral, symmetrical, callous-like lesions secondary to phonotrauma and possibly related to specific personality traits. This case–control study examined the relation between personality and VNs in children within the context of the Trait Theory of VNs. Method Parents of children with VNs ( N = 39, M = 7.43, SD = 2.01 years) and two medical control groups (i.e., voice disordered controls, but not VNs [VDCs; N = 40, M = 7.09, SD = 2.01 years] and vocally normal controls [VNCs; N = 40, M = 7.6, SD = 1.54 years]) completed the Inventory of Child Individual Differences, a personality instrument that describes the Big Five superfactors as well as 15 lower order personality traits. Results Children with VNs, as compared with VNCs, were (a) emotionally reactive (i.e., higher N—Neuroticism, p < .005, Cohen's d = 0.53), (b) Antagonistic, Strong-Willed, and less Compliant (i.e., lower A—Agreeableness, p < .014, Cohen's d = 0.59), and (c) Distractible and Disorganized (i.e., lower C—Conscientiousness, p < .009, Cohen's d = 0.62). Both voice disordered groups displayed elevated scores on the personality superfactor of Neuroticism (N; and the “Negative Emotions” lower order trait). Conclusions The combination of personality traits identified in this study (i.e., high N, low A and C) may play a central role in VNs development and possibly attenuate voice therapy success. Children with VNs displayed a similar personality typology as women with VNs, with the exception of elevated Extraversion (E), thereby providing support for the relevance of the Trait Theory of VNs in both children and adults. Clinicians treating children with voice disorders, including VNs, should consider their underlying personality traits in assessment and management.

Character building is very important to become a key for educational mainstream in Indonesia, either in a formal, non-formal, and informal setting. Several factors influence character building in children, namely parenting style and genetic personality. The purpose of this research is to identify the influence of parenting style and genetic personality to children’s character development. This research is a correlational study using a survey and quantitative method. The population in this study were parents of students in Aya Sophia Foundation Islamic School. Data collection was carried out by simple random sampling to a population of 1,243 students' parents using an electronic questionnaire. The returned and valid questionnaire results were 398 samples. The data collection technique used was a questionnaire with a Likert scale. The instrument of this study is a modification from the Parenting Style Questionnaire (PSQ) of Robinson et al. and Roman et al. To measure the genetic personality, the instrument was adapted from STIFIn Personality Concept. Another instrument used to measure children's character development is an adaptation from Poniman et. al. The analysis in this study used SEM (Structural Equation Model) with SmartPLS version 3.0 as a statistic tool. The result of this study shows that parenting style and genetic personality have a positive influence and significantly contribute to children's character building.

The conceptual foundations of general pedagogical and methodological training of defectologists for the formation of the personality of children time-lagged psychical development (TLPD) include: the need to educate teachers to treat themselves as a subject of the educational process by means of integrating professional disciplines, filling the students with humanistic meanings of educational practice and engaging them in research activities. The criteria, indicators, types, and psychological and pedagogical conditions for optimizing the didactic process for the formation of the defectologist are determined. Personal and professional competence are considered as components of this readiness.

Objectives: To explore the impact of parental aggression (physical and psychological) on classroom bullying and to explore the effect of parental aggression on personality traits viz. neuroticism, extraver- sion, and agreeableness factors of personality of secondary school students. Method: A survey was conducted in the secondary schools of Mansehra, Abbotabad, and Haripur dis- tricts of Hazara Division from October, 2013 to March, 2014. A sample of 1438 students was selected to collect data by using three questionnaires. One questionnaire was about bullying while the other was about parental aggression. The third questionnaire was about the big five factors (BFF) of per- sonality and focused on only three factors of personality viz. extraversion, neuroticism, and agreeable- ness. This questionnaire was adopted. Analysis of collected datawas done through descriptive statistics such as mean, standard deviation, whereas for the prediction of effect of independent vari- able on dependent variable, multiple regression model using SPSS version 20. Results: The mean and standard deviation value of physical aggression of parents was (3.96 ± 1.23) while that of psychological aggression was (3.97 ± 1.08). Additionally, the education level of father was negatively correlated with their physical aggression (r= -0.29, a= 0.000) as well as psychological aggression (r=- 0.28, a= 0.000). Similarly, mothers' level of education was significantly negatively cor- related with both physical aggression (r= -0.16, a= 0.000) and psychological aggression (r= -0.14, a= 0.000). The results further indicated that parental physical aggression (b= 0.16, t= 5.20, a= 0.000) positively predicted classroom bullying. Moreover, parental psychological aggression proved as signifi- cant negative predictor of extraversion (r= -0.067, a= 0.021), whereas parental psychological aggression demonstrated significant positive predictor of neuroticism (r= 0.106, a= 0.001). Conclusion: A high level of aggression both physical and psychological is expressed by parents against their adolescent children. Among them, more educated parents use less aggression towards their children. This physical and psychological aggression from parents cause damaging effects on extraversion factor of personality while psychological cause neurotic tendencies in secondary school students.

A personalidade com insensibilidade e afetividade restrita (Callous-Unemotional personality) é bem investigada nos agressores de bullying, porém pouco se sabe sobre essa característica nas vítimas. O presente estudo objetivou avaliar a personalidade de insensibilidade e afetividade restrita em crianças que vivenciaram situações de bullying. Participaram da pesquisa 60 crianças do 6. º ano escolar divididas em grupos de agressores (n=15), vítimas (n=15), vítimas-agressores (n=15), e grupo controle (n=15). Foram aplicadas escalas de personalidade e de comportamento. Os resultados apontaram que as vítimas demonstraram um nível mais baixo de personalidade com insensibilidade e afetividade restrita se comparado aos outros grupos, apresentando também maior nível de comportamento pró-social. Torna-se, então, necessário investigar se níveis mais baixos deste traço de personalidade estão associados a maior passividade nas vítimas e, consequentemente, a uma maior probabilidade de serem alvo de bullying

The study examined the relationship between theory of mind (ToM) and two indices of children's creativity: divergent thinking and creative personality. Seventy-five children aged 4 to 6 years (Μ = 4.7 years) took part in the study. Children’s ToM was assessed using four standard ToM tasks, three first-order and one second-order ToM task. Divergent thinking was assessed with the Multidimensional Stimulus Fluency Measure (MSFM, Moran, Milgram, Sawyers, & Fu, 1983) and creative personality was measured with the Teachers’ Evaluation of Students’ Creativity (TESC, Runco, 1984). The results showed that ToM task performance was significantly related to children's fluency but not to originality scores in the MSFM. Children with higher performance in the ToM tasks had higher scores in the creative personality measure. Limitations of the study and future directions are explored., Hellenic Journal of Psychology, Vol 16, No 2 (2019)

We report the results of a Turkish language translation of the Reinforcement Sensitivity Theory of Personality Questionnaire-Children (RST-PQ-C; Cooper, Stirling, Dawe, Pugnaghi, & Corr, 2017). Seven hundred and thirty-eight primary school students completed the Turkish version of the RST-PQ-C. Confirmatory factor analysis provided evidence for its structure and psychometric properties, confirming a three-factor structure: fight-flight-freeze system (FFFS), behavioural approach system (BAS) and behavioural inhibition system (BIS). Results showed that RST-PQ-C Turkish version is a valid and reliable self-report measure of revised Reinforcement Sensitivity Theory (r-RST). This study contributes to the validation of the RST-PQ-C and it is hoped will facilitate research within the framework of r-RST on children in Cyprus and Turkey.

Amelioration of cross‐cultural and cross‐language impacts on scale validity should be of concern to the researcher. The Hierarchical Personality Inventory for Children, (HiPIC), a 144‐item Five‐Fac...

Over the course of her career as a psychologist, the writer has encountered a lot of problems in children, which when being explored further on, turned out to originate from problems related to parenting and marriage. On the other hand, throughout the years of being a lecturer, the writer has become convinced that it is essential for Indonesia’s young generation to have entrepreneurial personality characteristics in order to improve the nation’s competitiveness. Her experience as a psychologist and her journey as a lecturer have inspired the writer to explore marital and parenting problems, and how both of them can be worked on to facilitate the development of entrepreneurial personality characteristics in children, for the sake of nation’s advancement.

This study analyses the relationship between the perfectionism dimensions, i.e. Self-Oriented Perfectionism-Critical (SOP-C) and Self-Oriented Perfectionism-Striving (SOP-S), and affect and the Big Five traits of personality in a sample of 804 Spanish students aged 8 to 11 (M = 9.57; SD = 1.12). Student’s t test, Cohen’s d index and logistic regression analysis were used. The high SOP-C group scored significantly higher than their peers having low SOP-C on Negative Affect and Neuroticism, and lower on Positive Affect, Agreeableness, Consciousness and Openness to Experience. To the contrary, students with high SOP-S scored significantly higher on all adaptive dimensions (i.e. Positive Affect, Extraversion, Agreeableness, Consciousness and Openness to Experience), and lower on Negative Affect and Neuroticism. Effect sizes were small for most of statistically significant differences. These findings were also supported by regression analysis. Results are discussed in light of the debate on the adaptive or maladaptive nature of Self-Oriented Perfectionism. Resumen Este estudio analiza la relación entre las dimensiones del perfeccionismo, es decir, el perfeccionismo auto-orientado-críticas (SOP-C) y el perfeccionismo auto-orientado-esfuerzo (SOP-S), y el afecto y los rasgos de personalidad del Big Five en una muestra de 804 españoles entre 8 y 11 años (M = 9.57; DT = 1.12). Se utilizaron la prueba t de Student, el índice d de Cohen y el análisis de regresión logística. El grupo con alto SOP-C obtuvo una puntuación significativamente mayor que la de sus compañeros con bajo SOP-C en Afecto Negativo y Neuroticismo, así como significativamente menor en Afecto Positivo, Amabilidad, Conciencia y Apertura a la Experiencia. Por el contrario, los estudiantes con alto SOP-S obtuvieron puntuaciones significativamente más altas en todas las dimensiones adaptativas (es decir, Afecto Positivo, Extraversión, Amabilidad, Conciencia y Apertura a la Experiencia), y más bajas en Afecto Negativo y Neuroticismo. Los tamaños del efecto fueron pequeños para la mayoría de las diferencias estadísticamente significativas. Estos hallazgos también fueron apoyados por el análisis de regresión. Los resultados se discuten a la luz del debate sobre la naturaleza adaptativa o desadaptativa del perfeccionismo auto-orientado.

Este estudio analiza la relación entre las dimensiones del per- feccionismo, es decir, el perfeccionismo auto-orientado-críticas (SOP-C) y el perfeccionismo auto-orientado-esfuerzo (SOP-S), y el afecto y los rasgos de personalidad del Big Five en una muestra de 804 españoles entre 8 y 11 años (M = 9.57; DT = 1.12). Se utilizaron la prueba t de Student, el índice d de Cohen y el análisis de regresión logística. El grupo con alto SOP-C obtuvo una puntuación significativamente mayor que la de sus compañeros con bajo SOP-C en Afecto Negativo y Neuroticismo, así como significati- vamente menor en Afecto Positivo, Amabilidad, Conciencia y Apertura a la Experiencia. Por el contrario, los estudiantes con alto SOP-S obtuvieron puntuaciones significativamente más altas en todas las dimensiones adapta- tivas (es decir, Afecto Positivo, Extraversión, Amabilidad, Conciencia y Apertura a la Experiencia), y más bajas en Afecto Negativo y Neuroticis- mo. Los tamaños del efecto fueron pequeños para la mayoría de las dife- rencias estadísticamente significativas. Estos hallazgos también fueron apoyados por el análisis de regresión. Los resultados se discuten a la luz del debate sobre la naturaleza adaptativa o desadaptativa del perfeccionismo auto-orientado. This study analyses the relationship between the perfectionism dimensions, i.e. Self-Oriented Perfectionism-Critical (SOP-C) and Self- Oriented Perfectionism-Striving (SOP-S), and affect and the Big Five traits of personality in a sample of 804 Spanish students aged 8 to 11 (M = 9.57; SD = 1.12). Student’s t test, Cohen’s d index and logistic regression analy- sis were used. The high SOP-C group scored significantly higher than their peers having low SOP-C on Negative Affect and Neuroticism, and lower on Positive Affect, Agreeableness, Consciousness and Openness to Expe- rience. To the contrary, students with high SOP-S scored significantly higher on all adaptive dimensions (i.e. Positive Affect, Extraversion, Agreeableness, Consciousness and Openness to Experience), and lower on Negative Affect and Neuroticism. Effect sizes were small for most of sta- tistically significant differences. These findings were also supported by re- gression analysis. Results are discussed in light of the debate on the adap- tive or maladaptive nature of Self-Oriented Perfectionism.

Çocuk edebiyatı ürünlerinin seslendiği yaş aralığının kendine özgü bir takım farklılıkları vardır. Bu dönem, gelişim açısından kritik dönem olarak yani çocuğun gelişiminde en önemli zaman dilimi olarak da değerlendirilebilir. Gelişim psikolojisinin verilerinden yararlanılarak, estetik bir kaygı ile oluşturulmuş her yapıt çocuğun çok yönlü gelişimine olanak sağlar. Selen'in Öyküleri'ni temele alan bu çalışmanın amacı; ele alınan kitaplardaki ana karakterin geliştirilmesindeki evrelerin, alanların incelenmesini ve gelişim psikolojisi verileriyle tutarlı olup olmadığını ortaya koymaktır. Araştırmada on iki kitaptan oluşan `Selen'in Öyküleri` dizisinden amaçlı örneklem türlerinden ölçüt örneklem yöntemiyle dört kitap seçilmiştir. Nitel araştırma yöntemlerinden biri olan doküman incelemesi yöntemiyle yapılan araştırmada; alanyazın taranarak gelişim psikolojisi verilerine göre söz konusu kitaplar incelenmiştir. Elde edilen veriler betimsel analiz yaklaşımıyla çözümlenmiştir.Araştırmanın sonucunda söz konusu kitapların gelişim psikolojisi verileriyle koşutluk gösterdiği gözlemlenmiştir. Ayrıca söz konusu kitapların, çağdaş çocuk yazını niteliklerini taşıdığı bulgulanmıştır. Selen'in Öyküleri başlıklı dizi kitaplar ile ilişki içine giren çocukların çok yönlü gelişiminin sağlananacağı ve okuma alışkanlığını kazanmasında bu kitapların önemli bir yeri olacağı anlaşılmıştır. Bununla birlikte gelişim psikolojisi ve çağdaş çocuk yazını verileri dikkate alınarak birtakım öneriler getirilmiştir. Anahtar Kelimeler: Çocuk, edebiyat, kişilik, dil, gelişim, psikoloji, Aysel Gürmen, Selen'in Öyküleri. There is a number of typical differences of the age range to which chilren's literature products appeal. That period can be evaluated as the critical period that is the most important period of time in terms of development. Every work created with aesthetic concern by using the developmental psychology data, enables the child to develop in a versatile way. The aim of this research based on Selen's Stories is to study the stages and fields of the development of the main character in these books in question and to reveal whether they are consistent with the data of developmental psychology.In this research, four books have been selected from the Selen's Stories series composed of twelve books with criterion sampling method as one of the purposive sampling method. In this research conducted by document examination method which is one of the qualitative research methods; books in question were examined according to developmental psychology data according to data of developmental psychology by making a literature review. The data obtained have been analyzed by the descriptive analysis approach.As a result of the research, it has been observed that the books in question show parallelism with the data of developmental psychology. Furthermore, it has been discovered that the books in question have the qualification of the contemporary children's literature. It is understood that these books will have an important place for the children establishing a relationship with the book series called Selen's Stories in ensuring the versatile development and gain reading habits. However, some suggestions have been offered by taking developmental psychology and contemporary children's literature data into account.Key Words: Children, literature, personality, language, development, psychology, Aysel Gürmen, Selen's Stories. 168

This paper discusses the recurring theme of the collision of fundamental rights, in particular the rights of the personality of people in development and press freedom. In the current Brazilian scenario, where the mass media gains centrality in shaping and dissemination of information in the country, it is perceived by some mass media, the daily practice of exploring the use of the image of children and adolescents, in which they are exposed to vexatious and embarrassing situations. With no claim to suppress freedom of the press for the rights of children and adolescents, or vice versa, this article aims to deepen the solution of conflicts between those rights guaranteed in the Constitution of 1988. For this purpose, it is adopted as a method to resolve this conflict the weighting of property and assets from the application of the principle of proportionality in this case. In this sense, there are the doctrinal contributions of Robert Alexy and Ronald Dworkin and the study of decisions of the Supreme Court (STF).

Prior investigations indicate that the five core personality dimensions (the “Big Five”) are measurable by middle childhood. The aim of this research was to examine the psychometric properties of a short-form self-report measure of the Big Five personality dimensions in children that would be suitable for administration online in large population-based studies. Twenty-five questionnaire items in English, derived from the 65-item Big Five Questionnaire for Children in Italian (Barbaranelli, Caprara, Rabasca, & Pastorelli, 2003), were completed online by 27,415 Australian children in Year 6 (mean age 11.92 years). An item response theory approach evaluated the psychometric properties and resolved a 20-item short-form questionnaire. Exploratory and confirmatory factor analyses supported the Big Five structure. Construct validity was demonstrated via correlations between Big Five scores and the Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire subscales (Goodman, 2001). The 20 items provide a brief, reliable, and valid child self-report measure of the Big Five personality dimensions. Read More: https://guilfordjournals.com/doi/10.1521/pedi_2018_32_380

The development of civilization in this century is marked by many behaviors that show a negative personality. The formation of a child's personality needs to start early. Parents are an initial basis of life for every human being. So the family especially parents have the most important role to build a positive personality in children. The purpose of this paper is to explain the concepts, ways, and the right time to do Hypnoparenting. Hypnoparenting is a method of parenting, educating, and caring for children which is done by the method of hypnosis. How to do Hypnoparenting is by suggesting children with sentences that can make children confident and with words that are positive. There are some of the best times to consider in conducting Hypnoparenting method. The method used in this research is literature study. Sources taken are based on scientific journals and research reports relating to the problem

We report the development of a self-report questionnaire of the reinforcement sensitivity theory (RST) of personality for use with children. Focus groups were held with children to sample their experiences of situations modelled on components of three RST systems: fight-flight-freeze system (FFFS, related to fear), behavioural inhibition system (BIS, related to anxiety), and behavioural approach system (BAS, related to approach). The thematic responses formed the conceptual anchors to the development of test items that were examined using exploratory factor analysis in a sample of 288 9–13 year olds. After eliminating items that did not load on their designated factor, or substantially cross-loaded over factors, the original 48 items were reduced to 21 items: 7 items for each of the BIS, FFFS and BAS factors. The separation of the BIS and FFFS items across two factors is consistent with the revised model of RST. We offer this new questionnaire as a RST measure of fundamental motivation and emotion traits in children.

Despite the common nature of blushing and the feelings of discomfort that often accompany it, to date. no studies have yet examined the relationship between personality characteristics and the fear of blushing. The present study fills this gap in the literature, by examining, in a sample of adults and a sample of children (9-16 years), the relationship between personality and fear of blushing. For this purpose questionnaires were administered to representative community samples of adults (n = 157) and children (n = 150). Results showed that, among adults, fear of blushing was best predicted by Structure, whereas, among children, fear of blushing was best predicted by Neuroticism. When comparing the two samples, children reported more fear of blushing than adults, whereas, across samples, females reported more fear of blushing than males. Conclusions are discussed as well as future directions for research. (C) 2014 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

We report the development of a self-report questionnaire of the reinforcement sensitivity theory (RST) of personality for use with children. Focus groups were held with children to sample their experiences of situations modelled on components of three RST systems: fight-flight-freeze system (FFFS, related to fear), behavioural inhibition system (BIS, related to anxiety), and behavioural approach system (BAS, related to approach). The thematic responses formed the conceptual anchors to the development of test items that were examined using exploratory factor analysis in a sample of 288 9–13 year olds. After eliminating items that did not load on their designated factor, or substantially cross-loaded over factors, the original 48 items were reduced to 21 items: 7 items for each of the BIS, FFFS and BAS factors. The separation of the BIS and FFFS items across two factors is consistent with the revised model of RST. We offer this new questionnaire as a RST measure of fundamental motivation and emotion traits in children.

Research that has focused on the relationship between the Big Five personality dimensions and lucid dreaming frequency has been restricted to student samples. The present study included adolescents and adults (N = 1375). i.e., the sample included a large range of ages. Lucid dreaming was more strongly related to openness to experiences compared to previous findings. The small but significant negative correlation between conscientiousness and lucid dreaming should be followed up by studies relating the Big Five personality factors to the contents of lucid dreams.

BackgroundThe current study investigates whether the underlying factor structure of psychopathic personality traits found in adults is similar to that in children and what the extent of the genetic and environmental influences are on these psychopathic traits.MethodPsychopathic personality traits were assessed in a community sample of 1219 twins and triplets (age 9–10 years) through caregiver reports of each child's behavior using the Child Psychopathy Scale (CPS).ResultsConfirmatory factor analyses revealed an optimal two-factor solution (callous/disinhibited and manipulative/deceitful) to the CPS subscales. Bivariate genetic modeling of the two computed factor scores revealed significant genetic as well as unique environmental influences on psychopathic personality traits in both boys and girls, with heritability estimates of 0.64 and 0.46, respectively, in boys and 0.49 and 0.58, respectively, in girls. No shared environmental influences on psychopathic personality traits were found.ConclusionsThe relationship between the two factors was mediated by both genetic and unique environmental factors common to both traits.

This special issue is about the importance of personality in children. The articles focus on areas that are increasingly being investigated which highlight how personality is related to important developmental adjustment patterns. Examples of both person-level typologies and variable-centered analyses show how important it is to consider individual differences in children when describing development over the life span.

The article deals with the problem of studying and describing the personality of the child in the preschool age. Provides the review of modern foreign studies on this issue. Grounded the importance of age characteristics for describing the structure of the child's personality. В статье рассматривается проблема изучения и описания личности ребенка в дошкольном возрасте. Представлен обзор современных зарубежных исследований, посвященных данному вопросу. Обосновывается важность возрастных характеристик для описания структуры личности ребенка.

Previous studies based on a variety of behaviour, temperament, and personality measures identified a pattern of over‐activity, impulsiveness, emotional instability, and aggressiveness in children who are prone to accidents. The present study is the first to study accident‐prone children by means of a comprehensive test for the assessment of the Five Factor model (Hierarchical Personality Inventory for Children (HiPIC) (Mervielde & De Fruyt, 1999). 118 children, aged 6–15 years, who were hospitalized due to an accident‐related injury, were contrasted with 184 school‐children of the same age. Lower socio‐economic status was under‐represented in both groups. Children who were exposed to accidents had higher scores on the facets of energy, optimism, and non‐shyness (Extraversion domain), and lower scores on the facets of concentration and achievement striving (Conscientiousness domain). There was no indication of higher aggressiveness, impulsiveness, or emotional instability in the group exposed to accidents, and there were no gender‐by‐accident interactions. Results suggest that there is a relatively benign pattern of personality traits that is related to greater accident hazard in children. Copyright © 2003 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.

Knoff (1995) indicated that Referral Question Consultation (RQC) can be applied to personality assessment and suggested several self-report objective measures that could be consistent with this approach. The current article reviews the tools mentioned by Knoff, including the Children's Personality Questionnaire, The Millon Adolescent Clinical Inventory, The Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory–Adolescents, The Personality Inventory for Youth, and The Self Report of Personality (SRP) from the Behavior Assessment System for Children. Each review addressed the reliability of the scales and composite scores, validity, usefulness of results for planning interventions, the empirical basis for analyses of individual items, and whether each measure accounted for response biases. The appropriateness of each for use with RQC, and individual strengths and weaknesses varied considerably. Therefore, practitioners should keep each test's limitations in mind when using it for intervention planning, and future research is needed to validate the tools for this purpose. © 2002 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.

Understanding the development of psychopathic personality from childhood to adulthood is crucial for understanding the development and stability of severe and long-lasting conduct problems and criminal behavior. This paper describes the development of a new teacher rated instrument to assess psychopathic personality from age three to 12, the Child Problematic Traits Inventory (CPTI). The reliability and validity of the CPTI was tested in a Swedish general population sample of 2,056 3- to 5-year-olds (mean age = 3.86; SD = .86; 53 % boys). The CPTI items loaded distinctively on three theoretically proposed factors: a Grandiose-Deceitful Factor, a Callous-Unemotional factor, and an Impulsive-Need for Stimulation factor. The three CPTI factors showed reliability in internal consistency and external validity, in terms of expected correlations with theoretically relevant constructs (e.g., fearlessness). The interaction between the three CPTI factors was a stronger predictor of concurrent conduct problems than any of the three individual CPTI factors, showing that it is important to assess all three factors of the psychopathic personality construct in early childhood. In conclusion, the CPTI seems to reliably and validly assess a constellation of traits that is similar to psychopathic personality as manifested in adolescence and adulthood.

The study of children's personality and its development has generated several theoretical models in psychology. In a developmental approach, Buss and Plomin elaborated a genetic model of temperament that involves four dimensions: emotionality (refers to the negative quality of the emotion and the intensity of the emotional reactions), activity (intensity and frequency of a person's energy output in motor movements and speech), sociability (search for social relationships and preference for activities with others) and shyness (behavioural inhibition and feelings of distress when in interaction with strangers). The psychobiological approach postulates a biological model of personality. Thus, in Gray's first model, there are two brain systems that explain behaviours: the Bbehavioural Activation System (BAS) related to impulsivity and the Behavioural Inhibition System (BIS) linked to anxiety. Finally, dispositional theories seek to identify functional units of the normal personality from the factorial approach. Accordingly, Barbaranelli et al. build a questionnaire, the big five questionnaire for children (BFQ-C), which is intended to estimate the emergence of five fundamental dimensions (energy/extraversion, agreeableness, conscientiousness, emotional instability and intellect/openness) in children from 8 to 18 years. The clinical study we will present concerns the personality of children suffering from attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). STUDY 1:In a first study, we compared the ratings of 33 children with ADHD regarding their personality, as well as the ratings of their parents, over a one-year interval. The EAS questionnaire tapping into the genetic model put forth by Buss and Plomin evaluates four dimensions: emotionality, activity, sociability and shyness. The BIS/BAS scales for children correspond to Gray's first psychobiological model of personality. The BIS scale is unidimensional and the BAS scale is divided into three subscales (drive, fun-seeking and reward responsiveness). The answers collected from parents at the two moments of completion of the EAS were comparable and the correlations were all higher than 0.70. Concerning the children, there were no significant differences between the two time periods but the correlations were rather low. On the BIS/BAS scales, they varied from 0.22 (fun-seeking BAS scale) to 0.51 (BIS scale), whereas the obtained correlations on the EAS ranged from 0.32 (emotionality) to 0.58 (activity and shyness). Finally, to compare the answers of the children with their parents on the EAS questionnaire, we used a correlation coefficient test. For time 1, the correlations varied from 0.54 (emotionality) to 0.69 (sociability), and for time 2, they varied from 0.18 (sociability) to 0.50 (shyness). The concordance between the parents' and children' answers was thus higher than in a group from the general population. STUDY 2:In the second study, we compared the personality of children with ADHD (n=35) with a sample from the general population (n=35). The two groups of subjects were matched on age (mean: 12.7 years) and made comparable for gender. Participants with ADHD were comparable with control participants on the BIS, as well as on the reward responsiveness subscale of the BAS. Furthermore, participants with ADHD and controls were comparable concerning the tendency to avoid and the anxiety. However, as expected, those with ADHD obtained higher scores on two subscales of the BAS. Concerning the traits of temperament, participants with ADHD reported being more active and having greater emotionality than did control subjects. On the other hand, there were no group differences for the two other aspects of temperament (sociability and shyness). Finally, participants with ADHD obtained higher scores on the BFQ-C than did control participants. It is interesting to note that children with ADHD obtained higher scores on the extraversion scale of the BFQ-C and the activity scale of the EAS. Our findings parallel the existing literature concerning the neuroticism scale of the BFQ-C and the BAS, but not the agreeableness and conscientiousness scales of the BFQ-C.It is interesting to note that children have a less stable representation of their own temperament as compared to the evaluation of their parents. This study replicates the findings of previous research on adults with ADHD regarding neuroticism (emotional instability), but contrary to findings in adults with ADHD, children obtained elevated scores on the conscientiousness and agreeableness subscales. In accordance with our hypotheses, children with ADHD could be distinguished from control participants on the BAS, particularly for the drive and reward responsiveness subscales. Furthermore, they also obtained higher scores on the extraversion subscale of the BFQ-C and the on the EAS activity subscale.

La irrupción masiva de las nuevas tecnologías de la información y comunicación han proyectado consecuencias jurídicas de primer orden en el ámbito turístico, especialmente en el turismo sexual, y en un segundo término en el denominado turismo de ferias y congresos que, en numerosas ocasiones, aparece vinculado al primero en concentraciones y eventos multitudinarios que se celebran en las grandes ciudades del planeta. La aparición del escenario virtual que conforma el ciberespacio ha afectado y afecta, sobre todo, a una minoría bastante desprotegida como son los menores en su rol de víctimas de las modalidades de explotación del siglo XXI.The massive emergence of new information and communication technologies have been projected legal consequences of first order in the tourism field, especially in sex tourism, and a second in the so-called tourism fairs and congresses that, on numerous occasions, it appears linked to the first in concentrations and multitudinous events that are held in big cities on the planet. The emergence of the virtual scenario that makes up cyberspace has affected and affects, above all, a fairly unprotected minority as they are minors in their role as victims of the modes of exploitation of the 21st century.

Insecure attachment and deficits in self-regulation as personality traits are risk factors for the development of psychopathological symptoms from infancy on. This study examines differences in attachment and personality in late childhood, comparing children from non-clinical families, from a child guidance center, and child psychiatry units with in-patient care. Children's attachment representations, their attachment behavior strategy, reported distressing parental behavior, their emotional openness, and attachment coherency were assessed with the Late Childhood Attachment Interview (LCAI). Ego-resiliency, ego-undercontrol, field-independence, aggressiveness, and anxiety were assessed by means of the California Child Q-Sort. The results show clear attachment differences, with the child guidance group showing more attachment insecurity in the LCAI compared to the control group, and the psychiatric in-patient group even more attachment insecurity, more distressing parenting from both mother and father, and more attachment disorganization than the other two groups. Whereas children from the child guidance center and the child psychiatry unit did not differ in personality, both groups were significantly different from the control group in all personality dimensions. The results suggest that personality differences may be a risk factor for behaviour problems, however problem severity and the choice of the treatment institution seem to be influenced by attachment security.

Into mass media of current modern time belong periodical press (newspapers, magazines), broadcasting and internet. It´s one-way form of social communication available to everyone and significantly participate on human socialization. Thanks to diversity of their contents, provides many kinds of using (spending free time, education, entertainment, relax). But in the most of these subjects we can find besides actual information, factors, which can have negative influence on upbringing and children personality development. These factors include information but also elements of violence, aggression and erotic. Media influence on children depends with their age, which reflects the level of cognitive functions, critical thinking and intellectual abilities.

This study aimed to investigate the validity of the Eysenckian personality dimensions in 1,368 children and adolescents who completed the Greek Eysenck Personality Questionnaire-Junior (EPQ-J). Exploratory and confirmatory factor analyses were employed. Controversial issues regarding the Lie and Psychoticism scales were also investigated. Finally, the predictive validity of the EPQ-J was assessed using Goodman's Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire. Confirmatory factor analytic results supported the four-factor structure of the scale. Results provide support for the appropriateness of the EPQ-J with Greek speaking samples and add to the international literature regarding the three-factor model of personality in children and adolescents. © 2010 SAGE Publications. 28 3 259 269 Cited By :4; Export Date: 19 July 2017

To study the relationship of toilet training and weanirg practices to personality, 50 children were administered Early School Personality Questionnaire (ESPQ) and mothers of these children were giv...

The D2 dopamine receptor (DRD2) gene has been associated with alcoholism and other drug use disorders. Reduced P300 amplitude has been noted in individuals with psychiatric disorders. Personality variables are also associated with reduced P300 amplitude. The current study was conducted to determine whether variants of the DRD2 would show differential relationships among P300 amplitude and personality traits. The study consisted of 101 adolescent children of alcoholics; 39 carried the A1(+) genotype (A1A1, A1A2) and 62 carried the A1(-) genotype (A2A2). The A1(+) genotype group had higher IQ and Self-Directedness scores than the A1(-) genotype group. As predicted, the negative relationship between Novelty Seeking and Harm Avoidance was present in A1(-) but not A1(+) participants. Additionally, in A1(+) but not in A1(-) participants, there was a negative relationship between Novelty Seeking and Self-Directedness and a positive relationship between P300 amplitude and Cooperativeness. The results suggest that in adolescent children of alcoholics, dopaminergic genetic determinants are critical modifiers of the relationship between neurocognitive and personality endophenotypes proposed as vulnerability markers for substance use disorders.