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Although mechanical combination results in more valid human performance predictions and decisions than holistic combination, existing publications suggest that mechanical combination is rarely used in practice. Yet, these publications are either descriptions of anecdotal experiences or outdated surveys. Therefore, in several Western countries, we conducted two surveys (total N = 323) and two focus groups to investigate (1) how decision makers in psychological assessment and human resource practice combine information, (2) why they do (not) use mechanical combination, and (3) what may be needed to increase its use in practice. Many participants reported mostly using holistic combination, usually in teams. The most common reasons for not using mechanical combination were that algorithms are unavailable in practice and that stakeholders do not accept their use. Furthermore, decision makers do not quantify information, do not believe in research findings on evidence-based decision making, and think that combining holistic and mechanical combination results in the best decisions. The most important reason why mechanical combination is used was to increase predictive validity. To stimulate the use of mechanical combination in practice, decision makers indicated that they should receive more training on evidence-based decision making and that decision aids supporting the use of mechanical combination should be developed.

Background A positive childbirth experience is an important outcome of maternity care. A significant component of a positive birth experience is the ability to exercise autonomy in decision-making. In this study, we explore women's reports of their autonomy during conversations about their care with maternity care practitioners during pregnancy and childbirth. Method Data were obtained from a cross-sectional survey of women living in The Netherlands that asked about their experiences during pregnancy and childbirth, including their role in conversations concerning decisions about their care. Results A total of 3494 women were included in this study. Most women scored high on autonomy in decision-making conversations. During the latter stage of pregnancy (32+ weeks) and in childbirth, women reported significantly lower levels of autonomy in their care conversations with obstetricians as compared with midwives. Linear regression analyses showed that women's perception of personal treatment increased women's reported autonomy in their conversations with both midwives and obstetricians. Almost half (49.1%) of the women who had at least one intervention during birth reported pressure to accept or submit to that intervention. This was indicated by 48.3% of women with induced labor, 47.3% who had an instrumental vaginal birth, 45.2% whose labor was augmented, and 41.9% of women who had a cesarean birth. Conclusions In general, women's sense of autonomy in decision-making conversations during prenatal care and birth is high, but there is room for improvement, and this appeared most notably in conversations with obstetricians. Women's sense of autonomy can be enhanced with personal treatment, including shared decision-making and the avoidance of pressuring women to accept interventions.

More than 80% of family care partners of older adults are responsible for coordinating care between and among providers; yet, their inclusion in the health care delivery process lacks recognition, coordination, and standardization. Despite efforts to include care partners (e.g., through informal or formal proxy access to their care recipient's patient portal), policies and procedures around care partner inclusion are complex and inconsistently implemented. We conducted a scoping review of peer-reviewed articles published from 2015 to 2021 and reviewed a final sample of 45 U.S.-based studies. Few articles specifically examine the inclusion of care partners in health care teams; those that do, do not define or measure care partner inclusion in a standardized way. Efforts to consider care partners as "partners" rather than "visitors" require further consideration of how to build health care teams inclusive of care partners. Incentives for health care organizations and providers to practice inclusive team-building may be required.

More than 80% of family care partners of older adults are responsible for coordinating care between and among providers; yet, their inclusion in the health care delivery process lacks recognition, coordination, and standardization. Despite efforts to include care partners (e.g., through informal or formal proxy access to their care recipient’s patient portal), policies and procedures around care partner inclusion are complex and inconsistently implemented. We conducted a scoping review of peer-reviewed articles published from 2015 to 2021 and reviewed a final sample of 45 U.S.-based studies. Few articles specifically examine the inclusion of care partners in health care teams; those that do, do not define or measure care partner inclusion in a standardized way. Efforts to consider care partners as “partners” rather than “visitors” require further consideration of how to build health care teams inclusive of care partners. Incentives for health care organizations and providers to practice inclusive team-building may be required.

Postpurchase out-of-stock (PP-OOS) often happens in an online grocery context, where products appear to be available at the time a consumer places an order, but become OOS when the order is to be dispatched. This paper investigates two substitution policies that can mitigate negative responses: substitutions can match (i) on the dominant attribute and (ii) with a product from the consumers’ past purchase portfolio. According to data collected through two computer-simulated purchase experiments, involving more than 3,000 households and five product categories, matching the substitution on the dominant attribute increases acceptance, but this dominant attribute varies across\ud category differentiation level (flavor for horizontal differentiated categories like cereals or crips vs. brand for vertical differentiated categories like margarine or ketchup). Category differentiation also informs acceptance of national brand or private-label flavor substitutes, such that, same-flavor private label is prefered more in horizontal differentiated categories. Matching on the basis of previous purchases has positive effects for both category differentiation levels, and when combining both policies, the previous purchase matching effect grows stronger for same flavor, rather than same brand, matching. These detailed insights establish several key managerial implications for substitution policies in online grocery contexts.

The concept of Bioeconomy is associated with sustainable development changes both in production and consumption systems. For this reason, this research was carried out with the objective to describe the scientific production related to the different strategic groups’ perceptions about Bioeconomy and to group the existing literature into thematic clusters. Initially, in this bibliometric study, 67 articles were selected from the Scopus database based on the words “Bioeconomy” and “Perceptions”. Later, the VOSviewer software, version 1.6.18, was used to perform the bibliometric analysis. The results revealed the existence of four clusters. The first cluster included articles about Bioeconomy on the perspective of the timber strategic sector and of the different actors in the field of forestry action closest to the Bioeconomy field. The second cluster included articles related to the perception about Bioeconomy by Civil Society, in general, and higher education students, in particular, as well as their opinions on the importance of the forestry sector for the Bioeconomy. The third cluster comprised the articles that consider the Bioeconomy to be the innovative way to go to ensure the sustainability of the planet, therefore highlighting the importance of knowing the perceptions and raising awareness of all strategic groups to ensure the successful transition to the Bioeconomy. Finally, the fourth cluster included articles related to the consumer attitudes and behaviours regarding the acceptance of new biofood products resulting from the Circular Economy. The authors are grateful to the Foundation for Science and Technology (FCT, Portugal) for financial support through national funds FCT/MCTES (PIDDAC) to CIMO (UIDB/00690/2020 and UIDP/00690/2020) and SusTEC (LA/P/0007/2020). info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion

People’s attitudes toward wildlife may impact their behaviors in support of conservation. We surveyed people in the United States to determine if gender, age, or visual contexts commonly seen in zoos impacted wildlife attitudes and perceptions of animals in zoos. After viewing an image of a two-toed sloth (Choloepus hoffmanni) or reticulated python (Malayopython reticulatus) in one of six different contexts, respondents indicated their agreement with statements designed to reveal their wildlife attitudes. We categorized attitude types, determined factors influencing attitudes, and investigated perceptions of animals in zoos. Analyses revealed both positive and negative wildlife attitudes. Attitudes were not influenced by the context in which animals were portrayed but were highly impacted by gender and age. Similar factors influenced perceptions of animals in zoos. Zoological facilities should consider how attitudes are shaped by gender and age when designing animal exhibits, educational programs, and media offerings to promote conservation mindedness.

Background: Continuation of breastfeeding in the postpartum period during a new pregnancy is affected by various factors, with the most important being the perception of mothers' inadequacy regarding their milk (also called perception of breast milk insufficiency). Objective: The aim of this study was to determine the perception of breast milk insufficiency of tandem breastfeeding mothers compared to non-tandem breastfeeding mothers. Methods: This case-control study was conducted online with a total of 259 mother participants. A Mother Descriptive Characteristics Form, Tandem Breastfeeding Form and Perception of Insufficient Milk Questionnaire were used for data collection. Results: The mean scores of case and control group mothers on the insufficient milk perception scale were 28.12 ± 6.3 and 39.1 ± 10.2, respectively. The rate of mothers in the case group who experienced bleeding when continuing to breastfeed during pregnancy was 11.3%, those who experienced uterine contraction was 19.1%, and those who reported a threatened premature birth was 8.4%. Conclusions: Breastfeeding has many benefits for both mother and baby. While even a mother under normal conditions has a perception of milk deficiency, this situation becomes even more intense in mothers who continue breastfeeding while pregnant. It is extremely important for healthcare professionals to be knowledgeable and aware of this issue in order to accurately guide mothers who choose to tandem breastfeed. © 2022 Neonatal Nurses Association

This study investigated the efficacy of a school-based intervention (8 sessions of 45 min) based on mindfulness and character strengths use (i.e., “Think Happy-Be Happy”). A quasi-experimental study, including assessments at baseline, post-intervention (i.e., one week after the intervention), and follow-up (i.e., six months after the intervention) was performed. Results at post-intervention revealed that adolescents who participated in all intervention sessions experienced significantly increased well-being (i.e., emotional, psychological, and social well-being) and decreased hyperactivity/inattention symptoms and peer-related problems compared to adolescents who did not participate in the intervention. The “intention to treat” analyses showed that adolescents who started the intervention, regardless of the number of sessions they attended, experienced significantly decreased hyperactivity/inattention symptoms compared to adolescents who did not participate in the intervention. However, significant outcomes were not maintained at follow-up. Nevertheless, this study demonstrates that integrating mindfulness with strengths use in school-based interventions might have the potential to promote the mental health of adolescents in terms of both increased well-being and reduced psychological problems.

Identifying which agricultural activities rural youth would be interested to participate in and understanding which factors are enabling and constraining their participation is essential in attempting to alleviate rural youth unemployment and ameliorate the poor succession plan in smallholder agriculture. Employing a recent household survey dataset, descriptive statistics, and multinomial logit regression, this study sought to examine this issue. A structured questionnaire was designed and administered to 152 rural youth from Amajuba and Umzinyathi districts in KwaZulu-Natal Province. The study showed that rural youth are interested in engaging in all activities along the agricultural value chain. The factors enhancing their interest include access to resources and services (agricultural training, land, information, and communication technologies), age, and having a household member engaged in agriculture. However, access to other resources and services (formal education, social media, finance, psychological capital, and wealth), and dependency ratio were found to negatively affect their interest. These findings suggest that policymakers should formulate strategies that are sensitive to the resource endowment and access to services of the rural youth when aiming at engaging them in agricultural activities.

The Covid-19 pandemic has tested the role of internal communication (IC) in managing adaptation to change and digitalisation in companies, in the context of a sudden switch to implementing remote working, the reorientation and temporary interruption of activity and mass redundancies. With the aim of analysing the effect of Covid-19 on the assessment of corporate communication managers regarding the business environment and the challenges faced by IC departments in Spain, a statistical analysis compares data collected in 2018 and 2020 (N=118 and N=69 respectively) on the perceptions of members of Dircom (Asociación de Directivos de Comunicación) [Association of Communication Executives]. In addition, a systematic analysis of the 2020 open questions is carried out. The results highlight an improvement in the perception that investment in IC is sufficient during the pandemic, although it remains among the worst rated aspects of the business context. Managing digital and media developments, linking IC with corporate strategy and strengthening the role of communication in decision-making are the greatest perceived challenges, with no changes due to Covid-19. On the other hand, the majority of the respondents believe that Covid-19 is having a positive influence on IC, showing its importance for the proper functioning of the business during the pandemic, with an increase in its actions. More than half of the respondents appreciate that IC has driven business values and changes in the way these departments operate; two-thirds have learned lessons for their business; and almost three-quarters perceive that the incorporation of audiovisual and on-line media will continue. La pandèmia de COVID-19 ha posat a prova el rol de la comunicació interna (CI) en la gestió de l'adaptació al canvi i a la digitalització de les empreses, en una situació sobtada d'implantació del teletreball, reorientació i interrupció temporal de l'activitat i acomiadaments massius. Amb l'objectiu d'analitzar l'efecte de la COVID-19 sobre l'avaluació que els gestors de comunicació de les empreses fan de l'entorn empresarial i dels desafiaments que afronten els departaments de CI a Espanya, una anàlisi estadística compara les dades recollides el 2018 i el 2020 (N = 118 i 69, respectivament) sobre les percepcions dels socis de Dircom (Associació de Directius de Comunicació). A més, es fa una anàlisi sistemàtica de les preguntes obertes de 2020. Entre els resultats destaca la percepció que la inversió en CI millora durant la pandèmia, si bé continua entre els aspectes pitjor valorats de l'entorn empresarial. Manejar l'evolució digital i dels mitjans, unir la CI amb l'estratègia corporativa i enfortir el rol de la comunicació en la presa de decisions són els principals reptes percebuts, sense modificacions per la COVID-19. D'altra banda, la majoria valora que la COVID-19 influeix positivament sobre la CI, que mostra la seva importància per al bon funcionament empresarial durant la pandèmia amb un increment de les seves actuacions. Més de la meitat dels participants aprecien que la CI ha impulsat valors empresarials i canvis en el funcionament d'aquests departaments; dos terços n'han extret ensenyaments per a la seva activitat; i quasi tres quartes parts perceben que la incorporació de mitjans audiovisuals i en línia perdurarà. La pandemia de COVID-19 ha puesto a prueba el rol de la comunicación interna (CI) en la gestión de la adaptación al cambio y a la digitalización de las empresas, en una situación repentina de implantación del teletrabajo, reorientación e interrupción temporal de la actividad y despidos masivos. Con el objetivo de analizar el efecto de la COVID-19 sobre la evaluación que los gestores de comunicación de las empresas hacen del entorno empresarial y de los desafíos que afrontan los departamentos de CI en España, un análisis estadístico compara los datos recogidos en 2018 y 2020 (N = 118 y 69, respectivamente) sobre las percepciones de los socios de Dircom (Asociación de Directivos de Comunicación). Además, se realiza un análisis sistemático de las preguntas abiertas de 2020. Entre los resultados destaca la percepción que la inversión en CI mejora durante la pandemia, aunque continúa entre los aspectos peor valorados del entorno empresarial. Manejar la evolución digital y de los medios, unir la CI con la estrategia corporativa y fortalecer el rol de la comunicación en la toma de decisiones son los mayores retos percibidos, sin modificaciones por la COVID-19. Por otro lado, la mayoría valora que la COVID-19 influye positivamente sobre la CI, que muestra su importancia para el buen funcionamiento empresarial durante la pandemia con un incremento de sus actuaciones. Más de la mitad de los participantes aprecian que la CI ha impulsado valores empresariales y cambios en el funcionamiento de estos departamentos; dos tercios han extraído enseñanzas para su actividad; y casi tres cuartas partes perciben que la incorporación de medios audiovisuales y en línea perdurará.

Using a nationally representative, prospective study of young German adults, we address two research questions: First, are changes in the perceptions of the fairness of (un)paid labor division associated with changes in men’s and women’s partnership satisfaction across fertility transitions? Second, is this association moderated by men and women’s pre-birth gender role attitudes? Our results indicate that differences between respondents in changes in relationship satisfaction after fertility transitions could be observed across perceptions of the fairness of the division of labor, rather than across differing actual divisions of household labor. That effect was found for women, but not men. Across gender role attitudes, the perception of a stable fair arrangement was detrimental to traditional men’s relationship satisfaction, whereas the perception of increased fairness protected against declines in relationship satisfaction only for egalitarian women. We discuss how the mismatch between imagined and lived realities might affect relationship dynamics across fertility transitions.

Este trabajo presenta un estudio de investigación-acción llevado a cabo en una institución privada ubicada en Chía, Cundinamarca. El estudio se centró en la implementación de la metodología CLIL en clases de ciencias para estudiantes de sexto grado. El objetivo del estudio fue recopilar y analizar información de un grupo de 21 estudiantes de sexto grado, compuesto por 11 niños y 10 niñas con edades entre 11 y 12 años. El estudio tuvo como objetivo explorar sus percepciones con respecto a la implementación de la metodología de Aprendizaje Integrado de Contenido y Lenguaje (CLIL) en su clase de ciencias. Los datos se recopilaron a través de artefactos de los estudiantes, cuestionarios y un diario de campo. Los resultados se analizaron utilizando la teoría fundamentada, que básicamente buscaba identificar patrones y temas en los datos y desarrollar una teoría que explique estos patrones. En conclusión, varios estudiantes expresaron que experimentaron un proceso de aprendizaje más participativo a través de la implementación de la metodología (AICLE). Apreciaron la naturaleza dinámica de las actividades que facilitaron el trabajo en grupo, fomentando el intercambio de ideas y opiniones. Este enfoque no solo fomentó una comunicación efectiva, sino que también brindó oportunidades constantes para practicar el lenguaje. Por otro lado, algunos estudiantes mantuvieron la perspectiva de que la metodología CLIL no es beneficiosa, ya que no observaron diferencias significativas en comparación con las clases de ciencias tradicionales. This paper presents an action research study conducted at a private institution situated in Chia, Cundinamarca. The study focused on the implementation of CLIL methodology in science lessons for sixth-grade students. The objective of the study was gathering and analyze information from a group of 21 sixth-grade students, comprising 11 boys and 10 girls between the ages of 11 and 12. The study aimed to explore their perceptions regarding the implementation of Content and Language Integrated Learning (CLIL) methodology in their science class. Data were gathered through students’ artefacts, questionnaires and field diary. The results were analyzed under grounded theory with which was basically aimed to identify patterns and themes in the data and to develop a theory that explains these patterns. In conclusion, several students expressed that they experienced a more engaging learning process through the implementation of CLIL methodology, they appreciated the dynamic nature of the activities that facilitated group work, encouraging the sharing of ideas and opinions. This approach not only fostered effective communication but also provided consistent opportunities for language practice instead, some students hold the perspective that the CLIL methodology is not beneficial, as they did not observe notable differences compared to traditional science lessons. Licenciado en Lengua Extranjera - Inglés Pregrado

Η παρούσα εργασία διερευνά τις δυσκολίες των εκπαιδευτικών και την εφαρμογή Τεχνολογιών Πληροφορίας και Επικοινωνιών (ΤΠΕ) κατά την περίοδο της πανδημίας Covid-19. Οι πρωτόγνωρες συνθήκες που αντιμετώπισαν οι εκπαιδευτικοί αποτέλεσαν το έναυσμα της εργασίας που στοχεύει στην περαιτέρω εξέταση της τότε εκπαιδευτικής κατάστασης, με βασικές μεταβλητές την ικανοποίηση από την Εξ Αποστάσεως Εκπαίδευση (ΕξΑΕ), τις αντιλήψεις σε σχέση με την ΕξΑΕ και τις δυσκολίες που αντιμετώπισαν οι εκπαιδευτικοί κατά την εφαρμογή της. Στη μελέτη εξετάζονται όλες οι βασικές μεταβλητές σχετιζόμενες με ποικιλόμορφα δημογραφικά στοιχεία, καθώς στο σημείο αυτό διαπιστώθηκε ερευνητικό κενό όσον αφορά την Ελλάδα. Από τα ευρήματα φάνηκε ότι υπάρχει αρνητική σχέση ανάμεσα στην ικανοποίηση από την ΕξΑΕ και τις δυσκολίες που αυτή παρουσιάζει στους εκπαιδευτικούς, αλλά δεν υπάρχει αρνητική σχέση ανάμεσα στις αντιλήψεις για την ΕξΑΕ και τις δυσκολίες που παρουσιάζει. Επιπλέον, φάνηκε ότι υπάρχει θετική σχέση ανάμεσα στην ικανοποίηση για την ΕξΑΕ και τις αντιλήψεις των εκπαιδευτικών γι’ αυτή. Δεν διαπιστώθηκαν διαφοροποιήσεις φύλου σχετικά με την ικανοποίηση που λαμβάνουν οι εκπαιδευτικοί από την ΕξΑΕ και στις αντιλήψεις που διαθέτουν γι’ αυτή, αλλά υπάρχουν διαφοροποιήσεις φύλου στις δυσκολίες που παρουσιάζονται από την ΕξΑΕ. Ακόμα, διαπιστώθηκε ότι δεν υπάρχουν διαφορές ηλικίας, οικογενειακής κατάστασης, ύπαρξης παιδιών και ετών εργασιακής εμπειρίας στην ικανοποίηση που οι εκπαιδευτικοί λαμβάνουν από την ΕξΑΕ και στις αντιλήψεις τους γι’ αυτή. Παρατηρήθηκαν, όμως, διαφορές στις δυσκολίες που τους παρουσιάζονται από την ΕξΑΕ ανάλογα με τον τόπο διαμονής. Επίσης, εντοπίστηκαν διαφορές στην ικανοποίηση που λαμβάνουν οι εκπαιδευτικοί από την ΕξΑΕ και στις αντιλήψεις τους γι’ αυτή ανάλογα με το επίπεδο σπουδών, αλλά δεν εντοπίστηκαν διαφορές όσον αφορά τις δυσκολίες. Τέλος, υπήρξε διαφοροποίηση στην ικανοποίηση των εκπαιδευτικών για την ΕξΑΕ ανάλογα με το αν διέθεταν ή όχι προηγούμενη εμπειρία στην εφαρμογή της., The present study investigates teachers’ difficulties and the implementation of Information and Communications Technology (ICT) during the coronavirus pandemic in Greece. The unprecedented conditions that teachers faced, was the main motivation for the present study, which aims to a further investigation of the educational situation during the pandemic, with main variables being the satisfaction from Distance Learning (DL), the perceptions in relation to DL and the difficulties that teachers faced with its implementation. The present study examines the key variables in relation to various demographic characteristics of its participants. The population of this research was the teachers of public secondary schools of Greece. The data were collected through convenience and snowball sampling so as to increase the number of participants. A sufficient number of responses (276) was collected in a short period of time, which is an indication of the teachers' interest in the research topic. The questionnaire used was based on a similar survey conducted in a secondary school in Italy regarding the technological needs of teachers and students in the implementation of DL during the Covid-19 pandemic. The software IBM SPSS Statistics version 26 was used, for the statistical analysis. For the reliability test, the internal consistency coefficient Cronbach's alpha was used with a requested index greater than 0.70. The statistical analysis showed that some research hypotheses were confirmed, while others were rejected. Specifically, there seems to be a negative relationship between satisfaction from DL and the difficulties it presents to teachers, but there is no negative relationship between perceptions of DL and the difficulties it presents. In addition, a positive relationship was found between teachers' perceptions of DL and their satisfaction. The results also showed that there were no gender differences in the satisfaction teachers receive from DL and in the perceptions they have about it, but there are gender differences in the difficulties presented by DL. No statistically significant differences of age, marital status, existence of children and years of work experience were found in relation to the satisfaction teachers receive from DL as well as in relation to the perceptions they have about DL. Furthermore, statistically significant differences were found in relation to the difficulties presented to teachers by DL depending on their place of residence. Furthermore, there are statistically significant differences in the satisfaction that teachers receive from DL and in the perceptions they have about DL, depending on the teachers’ level of studies. On the other hand, there are no statistically significant differences regarding the difficulties that teachers face with DL in relation to the teachers’ level of studies. Finally, it seems that there are statistically significant differences in the satisfaction that teachers received from DL depending on whether or not they had previous experience in implementation of DL. Suggestions for future research include extending the present research in a wider academic context so that the results are more reliable, valid and amenable to generalization. This could be done through qualitative studies with interviews, quantitative studies with a larger number of participants, or a combination of quantitative and qualitative methodologies. Especially, after the recent appointments of a very large number of new school teachers in Greece, the population of the present research is expected to change significantly, with obvious effects on the demographic data that were a key element of this study.

L’article analyse, à partir d’une iconographie, la perception du paysage des Alpes à l’époque romantique. En mettant en évidence une coprésence des élites européennes et des « petites gens » dans ces images, les représentations viatiques témoignent d’une situation où le résident et l’arrivant communiquent et échangent. Par une démarche anthropologique qui tempère la thèse constructiviste, l’auteur montre que ces images sont porteuses d’enjeux géographiques, esthétiques, sociologiques et historiques. Through iconography, this article analyses the perception of the Alpine landscape in the Romantic period. By highlighting a co-presence of European elites and "little people" in these images, the travel representations bear witness to a situation in which both resident and newcomer communicate and exchange. Through an anthropological approach that tempers constructivist notions, the author shows that these images are significant from geographical, aesthetic, sociological and historical perspectives.

Tese de doutoramento em Geografia (especialização em Estudos da Paisagem), Desde as suas origens a Ciência Geográfica tem estado ligada à árdua tarefa de descrever e analisar o espaço terrestre, sendo que, ao longo do tempo, recorreu a inúmeras abordagens conceituais e filosóficas e a diversas metodologias e técnicas de investigação. Explicar o que existe em cada lugar foi sempre um desafio, uma vez que se pode recorrer a uma vasta gama de temáticas e dados, mas muito pouco foi explorado quanto ao entendimento dos Valores Humanos e as motivações dos agentes que interagem com o espaço geográfico. Esta tese teve por objetivo preencher essa lacuna prática/conceitual ao realizar uma investigação que recolheu dadossobre os Valores Básicos Humanos(conforme Schwartz, 1992) e sobre a perceção de 400 residentes do município de Guimarães em relação ao turismo. Os resultados referentes aos agentes (re)modeladores do espaço evidenciam que tendências turísticas têm mais chances de virem a ser bem sucedidas no município de Guimarães devido à sinergia existente entre os agentes. Confirmou-se que a população Vimaranense está orgulhosa do seu passado, mas exprime vontade por inovações no âmbito da cultura, da natureza e da criação de start-ups, fatores que se refletiram na importância dada ao Valor Básico Humano de Estimulação. O turismo é uma atividade muito bem aceite pelos residentes, que consideram necessário ampliar as atividades imersivas e a inserção em rotas regionais. Contudo, a criação de novos eventos é um ponto de divergência entre os dirigentes públicos e os restantes agentes locais. Este perfil da sociedade vimaranense foi corroborado nas entrevistas semiestruturadas aplicadas a três perfis de agentes (re)modeladores do espaço (público, privado e de outros grupos da população), totalizando 30 respondentes. A informação recolhida nas entrevistas adicionou elementos detalhados da dinâmica turística, geográfica e económica do município de Guimarães, muito úteis para um planeamento mais estratégico da atividade turística deste município., Since its origins, Geographic Science has been linked to the arduous task of describing and analyzing Earth’s space. Over time, it has resorted to several conceptual and philosophical approaches, methodologies, and research techniques. Explaining what existsin each place has always been challenging since many themes and data can be used. However, more needs to be explored regarding understanding Human Values and the motivations of agents interacting with the geographic space. This thesis aimed to bridge this practical/conceptual gap by investigating and collecting data on Basic Human Values (as per Schwartz, 1992) and the perception of 400 residents of the municipality of Guimarãesregarding tourism. The resultsreferring to the space (re)shaping agentsshow that tourist trends are more likely to be successful in Guimarães due to the existing synergy between the agents. Authors ascertained that the Guimarães population is proud of its past but expresses a desire for innovations in the field of culture, nature, and the establishment of start-ups, factors that were reflected in the relevance given to the Basic Human Value of Stimulation. Tourism is very well accepted by residents, who believe it is necessary to expand immersive activities and the inclusion in regional routes. However, organizing new events is a point of divergence between public leaders and other local agents. This profile of Guimarãessociety was corroborated in semi-structured interviews applied to three profiles of space (re)shaping actors (public, private, and other population groups), totaling 30 respondents. The information collected in the interviews added detailed elements of the tourist, geographic, and economic dynamics of Guimarães, which was very useful for the highly strategic planning of the tourist activity in this municipality.

ARNET [ LA/P/0069/2020 ] are also financed by Fundação para a Ciência e Tecnologia, I.P., Portugal . Fundo Azul do Ministério do Mar funded through the project ALIMAR – Ação Lixo Marinho! ( FA_06_2017_081 ). Publisher Copyright: © 2023 The Author(s) Marine litter is a global problem. Education has been acclaimed as a potential tool to tackle this issue, yet, integrative, student-centered, and over weeks studies to raise awareness on the theme that compares pre- with post-intervention results are limited in the literature. Furthermore, almost no studies rely on the basis of previous experience on the theme and local reality. This paper presents the design, implementation, and evaluation of an educational intervention to raise awareness and educate students (1st cycle to high-school) about marine litter. Different learning skills were fostered through theoretical, laboratorial, and hands-on activities and students participated in a beach clean-up to summarize the classroom's learnings in loco. Pre- and post-questionnaire results indicate that students' knowledge, perceptions, and behavioral intentions changed. Identification of marine litter estimated degradation times and observation of microplastics in local sand samples were activities highly appreciated by youngsters. This intervention positively impacted schoolchildren's literacy, contributing to advancing education in marine litter and can be further adapted to other educational areas. publishersversion published

The usage of antibiotics in pig production is much debated due to the risk for antimicrobial resistance where routine usage is necessary to protect animal welfare. Denmark has a relatively low usage of antibiotics in pigs. Thus, the Danish context provides critical insight on how to achieve a lower usage of antibiotics in pigs, and experiences from Danish farmers and veterinarians are useful when debating possibilities for reduction. In this study, we conducted semi-structured interviews with ten pig farmers and six pig veterinarians in Denmark to examine how they perceived animal welfare to be affected in herds where the usage of antibiotics or pZnO had been reduced. The study aimed to explore dilemmas and difficulties in relation to protection of animal welfare while having a low usage of medicine. The interviews were conducted in spring 2022, thus, prior to the ban on pZnO in June 2022. We found that the participants in the study had many positive experiences with achieving a lowered need for antibiotics and pZnO. By upgrading on feeding and management and focusing on prevention of diseases, many herds had succeeded in lowering the usage of medicine with no harmful effect on animal welfare. Many years of strict regulatory measures was highlighted as a major reason for this success, but other contextual factors such as production within the “Pure Pork” concept, which provides an economic reward for pigs raised without use of antibiotics, were also acknowledged to play a positive role. The study illustrated how antibiotics are an integrated part of everyday practice in pig herds. Systemic conditions like difficult employee situations, breeding for high prolificacy and bad economy came forward as major explanations for usage of antibiotics. The study also pointed out how antibiotics were sometimes used routinely and thereby highlighted how reductions should still be achievable. Examples were systematic injections to all piglets at birth and to sows post farrowing. In some cases, routine use was explained by having many employees in the pig herds with no education in how to take care for pigs or how to recognize disease. Avoiding pen or batchwise medication of weaners and thereby avoid treatment of healthy animals was a point of controversy, putting spotlight on grey zones and challenges between productivity and animal welfare.

The intensity and extent of climate change impacts differ significantly with the geographical and ecological structure of the landscape. This is especially evident in mountain ecosystems where topographic, climatic and biological gradients make them extremely vulnerable to global environmental changes . Designing strategies to mitigate and adapt to global climate change on such local landscapes requires a context-specific vulnerabilities that take into account their particular characteristics. Presently, there are two main challenges in assessing climate change vulnerability in mountain ecosystems: 1) The models that are used for vulnerability assessments at global scales are being used at local scales with broad variables from few sectors that do not capture the range of characteristics of mountain ecosystems 2) indigenous knowledge about climate change are not considered in these models, which makes the implementation of mitigation/adaptation measures less successful. In this study, we highlight these issues drawing from our data collected in India’s Lesser Himalayan region (Darjeeling). We used a mixed research approach that combines a vulnerability assessment model with a participatory knowledge approach. We based climate change vulnerability around the socio-ecological system of the mountain landscape. The results from the interactive process showed that Darjeeling region is experiencing higher climate change vulnerability than the results produced by the model at the subregional level. We highlight critical variables that influence the socio-ecological system and need to be taken into account when assessing vulnerability and future adaptation scenarios. The study offers a decision support process for policymakers to plan climate mitigation/adaptation measures and future sustainability pathways.

Background: Sub-Saharan Africa has shown a rise in morbidity and mortality due to NCDs. PLHIV have shown to be more exposed to NCDs and identifying the knowledge gaps might help the management of NCDs in PLHIV. Objective: The study was conducted in order to determine knowledge and perceptions regarding NCDs in PLHIV from Chitungwiza Hospital. Methods: This was a cross-sectional survey on 324 participants from Chitungwiza Hospital. Data collection was through a designed questionnaire. Knowledge and perceptions were evaluated, and the associated risk factors were identified using the Logistic Regression Model. Results: Results showed a 65% level of knowledge and 80% positive perceptions on NCDs. Participants

This study presents a preliminary psychometric evaluation of the Greek version of the Perceptions of Sex Offenders scale (PSO) in a community sample in Greece and examines the sociodemographic differences in its score. The participants were 452 people between 18 and 74 years old (mean age: 38). There were 141 men (31.27%) and 310 women (68.73%). The results supported a two-factor structure for the Greek PSO (factor I = Sentencing and Management and factor II = Stereotype Endorsement), while the third factor of the original PSO (“Risk Perception”) was not supported. These subscales demonstrated good internal consistency (Cronbach’s alpha was .88 for the full scale with 18 retained items, .90 for the Sentencing and Management subscale and .83 for the Stereotype Endorsement subscale). There was also preliminary evidence for adequate construct validity. The older participants and those with lower educational levels asked for harsher managing and sentencing of sex offenders and had more stereotypes. The Greek version of the PSO is reliable, easy to administer and can be used for research and clinical purposes in men and women. This highlights the necessity for the cultural adaptation of the PSO in many other languages and countries. Future studies could use the PSO in specific samples like students, social workers, psychologists, correctional or judicial employees, police officers etc. to evaluate the possible differences between these groups.

Equity crowdfunding has the potential to democratize entrepreneurial finance and provide female entrepreneurs with new and equal access to early-stage financing. In this paper, we present first empirical evidence on gender stereotypes in the context of technology ventures in equity crowdfunding. Drawing on signaling and gender role congruity theory, we hypothesize that quality signals have different effects depending on whether they are sent by male or female entrepreneurs. Results taken from a sample of 263 equity crowdfunding campaigns run by technology ventures confirm our hypotheses. In line with gender stereotypes, management experience is beneficial for male entrepreneurs but detrimental for female entrepreneurs. Interestingly, media coverage as a third-party signal has the oppositive effect, being more effective for female entrepreneurs.

This study examined perceptions and attitudes towards the uses of manual and automated catalogues among undergraduate students with a focus on three selected university libraries in North Central Nigeria, namely the University of Abuja Library, Abuja, Federal University of Technology Minna Library, Niger State and Kwara State University Library, Malete. The research design used in this study is a descriptive survey. The research population comprises the total number of undergraduate students registered with each of the libraries of the three selected universities in North Central, Nigeria. The University of Abuja Library had two thousand and seventeen (2,017) registered users, Federal University of Technology Minna, Library had two thousand four hundred and forty (2,440), and Kwara State University Malete library had four thousand eight hundred and twenty-four (4,824). This brings the total number of undergraduate library users registered with the three university libraries to 9,281. The sample size for the study was established using the random sampling table published by Israel in 1992. The table provided 200 for a population of 10,000 at ±7% Precision level and 95% confidence level. Therefore, 200 respondents were selected randomly which represent a cross-section of the population in each of the three selected universities in North Central. The instrument used to collect data was a structurally designed questionnaire. To ensure clarity of expressions and appropriateness of language used, the instrument went through face validation from some lecturers in library and information science in the selected universities. Reliability Test measurement yielded a value of 0.71 for Cronbach’s Alpha. A total number of two hundred (200) copies of the questionnaire were distributed randomly to the selected samples from the three selected institutions. Out of this, one hundred and twenty (120) copies, forty from each university library, were successfully filled, retrieved and found usable for the analysis, giving a response rate of 60%. The data generated from the questionnaire were analysed using descriptive statistics. Results were then presented in tabular forms and charts using simple percentages and frequency counts to facilitate a better understanding of the proportions in terms of particular responses. The study concluded that undergraduate students in the three selected university libraries prefer OPAC over the card catalogue; and that despite the availability of the OPAC many students still patronized the card catalogue, which means that in terms of patronage the gap between the OPAC and card catalogue is not that much. A periodic user education program for undergraduate students should be organized by the library management. This will give them the knowledge and abilities they need to find books and other information resources in the library using the card catalogue and OPAC as an effective searching tool.

Jonathan Nsamba,1,2 Gloria Nabirye,3 Sibasis Hense,1 Fotios Drenos,2 Elezebeth Mathews1 1Department of Public Health & Community Medicine, Central University of Kerala, Kasaragod, Kerala, India; 2Department of Life Sciences, College of Health, Medicine and Life Sciences, Brunel University London, London, UB8 3PH UK; 3Department of Nursing Sciences, Faculty of Health Sciences, Busitema University, Mbale, UgandaCorrespondence: Elezebeth Mathews; Fotios Drenos, Email dr.elezebethmathews@cukerala.ac.in; Fotios.Drenos@brunel.ac.ukIntroduction: The first-year post-diagnosis is the most challenging and stressful period in the lifetime of a young child and adolescent living with diabetes, given the adjustments that are meant to be adopted. Therefore, psychosocial factors affecting newly diagnosed children and adolescents need to be well understood and children supported to improve treatment adherence. However, evidence concerning psychosocial experiences among young patients with diabetes is scant in Uganda. This study explores the perceptions and experiences of newly diagnosed children and adolescents in Uganda.Methods: A qualitative exploratory design was employed. We recruited participants aged 6 to < 18 years diagnosed within twelve months from three study sites: Mulago National Referral Hospital, Wakiso HCIV, and St Francis Nsambya Hospital. Twenty in-depth interviews were conducted, and textual data were analysed thematically using a framework approach.Results: We identified five themes: battling with symptoms, emotions at diagnosis, challenges in coping with diabetes management, changes I have made, and positive outcomes registered. The analysis found that young people living with diabetes experience a new world of adjustments, including insulin therapy, routine blood glucose monitoring, and dietary changes that are often difficult to deal with, especially in the first year after diagnosis.Discussion: Continuous psychosocial support to newly diagnosed young children and adolescents with T1DM is vital. Addressing psychosocial challenges may improve adherence to treatment regimens.Conclusion: Our findings have demonstrated the mixed experiences of newly diagnosed young children and adolescents living with diabetes, from anxiety and stigmatization to independence.Keywords: children, diabetes, perceptions, lived experiences, Uganda

International audience; À l’heure où la question de la sécurité au Sahel est au cœur des principaux enjeux politiques et où elle cristallise les débats dans le monde scientifique autant que dans la presse, cet ouvrage collectif fait le choix d’aborder cette question cruciale au Burkina Faso dans une perspective tout à fait originale. Au lieu de l’aborder par le haut, comme c’est généralement le cas dans les travaux portant sur cette thématique, les auteurs choisissent d’inverser la démarche et de l’aborder par le bas. En effet, ils ont tout d’abord pris le parti de rendre compte de la manière dont les citoyens perçoivent et vivent les défis de la sécurité, en s’intéressant à l’interface entre les enjeux locaux et les insécurités multiples. Ensuite, ils ont pris la commune comme unité d’observation et d’analyse, en la conceptualisant comme une arène sociopolitique, tout en considérant que les enjeux de sécurité locale concernent souvent les élus municipaux et les fonctionnaires locaux. Les observations ont été menées par une équipe de recherche dans plusieurs communes rurales et urbaines en étudiant les formes multiples d’insécurité telles qu’elles sont vécues par la population : attaques armées, terrorisme, crimes organisés, délinquance, exactions, bavures, etc. L’ouvrage fait apparaître à la fois la variété des situations d’insécurité telles qu’elles se déploient selon les communes étudiées, leurs éléments de similitude ainsi que les interprétations qui en sont faites par les acteurs locaux.

here are many reasons to perpetrate intimate partner violence (IPV). This study analyzes the attributions and perceptions of Portuguese men who perpetrate IPV to understand their justifications for violence against their female partners. In-depth interviews were conducted with seven male perpetrators. Through thematic analysis, three main categories emerged: self, partner, and situational factors. Perpetrators identified self attributes as justifications to abuse, such as individual characteristics, emotional disturbances, and jealousy; partner attributes, such as partners’ characteristics and the use of violence against them; and situational factors, such as alcohol abuse and relational stressors. Perpetrators’ narratives evidenced a tendency to conceive violence as an unintentional and unplanned action, attributing violence to uncontrollable factors, and an attitude of non-accountability for their behaviors/actions. A deeper understanding of perpetrators’ perceptions and attributions for IPV will help to develop more effective intervention programs with offenders or to improve the existent ones, for example, in terms of dropout prevention, to reduce violence against women. Fundação para a Ciência e Tecnologia - FCT info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion

This study aims to understand the attitudes, behaviors, and perceptions concerning the consumption of Functional Foods (FF) and to analyze the modulating role of some socio-demographic factors. Cross-sectional study recruited a random stratified sample from universities. A web-based questionnaire was applied and data were analyzed using SPSS and FACTOR software. A large percentage of the respondents consumes FF regularly, mainly in intermediate meals, despite their poor knowledge about FF. Taste, price, convenience, lack of knowledge on how much to consume, and uncertainty on how to prepare FF are barriers to consumption. Consumers feel the need to eat it, believe in its safety, and have more confidence in the products than those who do not consume them. Benefits are not a motivator for the consumption. Bachelors and women are those that consume more FF in a daily/weekly basis; although age and scientific area did not have impact on the frequency consumption. The findings help national and multinational food companies identify target market segments where introducing FF or increasing existing FF are most likely to succeed. These need to provide consumers with appropriate or relevant health claims, to help them make satisfactory food choices; such as, clear information on labelling, better online marketing strategies, and promotional activities.

We examined whether prejudice-related personality characteristics (i.e., right wing authoritarianism [RWA]) and COVID-19–driven psychological resource loss might predict perpetrator-directed punitive responding (i.e., support for criminal charges) to a COVID-19–related attack on a Chinese victim by a White male. Across two studies, participants completed an RWA measure and reported the extent they had experienced COVID-19–related psychosocial resource loss. They then read a passage describing the COVID-19–related physical assault. For both studies, at low resource loss levels, low RWA participants reported greater punitive responding toward the perpetrator than high RWA participants. This RWA–punitive responding association was mediated by greater victim-directed suffering sensitivity (i.e., empathy) for Study 1 and greater anti-perpetrator reactions (i.e., hate crime perceptions) for Study 2. The RWA association with the relevant outcome variables (i.e., suffering sensitivity, anti-perpetrator bias, and punitive responding) was eliminated at high psychological resource loss levels. Specifically, low and high RWA participants reported similar reactions. While previous research has demonstrated that high RWA individuals tend to report greater outgroup-directed prejudicial responses due to COVID-19–driven perceptions of threat, our findings demonstrate that the COVID-19 pandemic can also elicit feelings of resource loss that can diminish the egalitarian reactions typically reported by low RWA individuals. In sum, we demonstrate that experiencing difficult life circumstances such as COVID-19 psychosocial resource loss can diminish supportive reactions toward victimized minority group members even among low RWA participants who are typically expected to be more sensitive to the struggles of those who are disadvantaged.

Over the recent years, the status of luxury has been a fast-growing niche market (Alnawas & Hemsley-Brown, 2019; Chang, Ko, & Leite, 2016; Lo & Yeung, 2020; Yang & Matilla, 2016), contributing to enhancing its status of tourism to a superior commodity, usually labelled as luxuries. This promise of status enhancement has attracted managers to enter the luxury segment, thus conferring to their resorts (Yin Chu, Liang Tang, & Yi Luo, 2016; Walls, Okumus, Wang, & Joon-Wuk Kwun, 2011). The hospitality industry exerts efforts to have high involvement services, rich physical environments and professional services that support the prices (Knutson, Stevens, Patton, & Thompson, 1993; Seyfi, Hall, & Rasoolimanesh, 2020; Titz, 2007). However, tourists in luxury hotels are not expected to have only functional benefits since they also look for value experiential services (Alnawas & Hemsley-Brown, 2019; Cetin & Walls, 2016; Chaney, Lunardo, & Mencarelli, 2018; Walls, Okumus, Wang, & Kwun, 2011). info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion

The life orientation programme (LOP) was introduced to all schools in South Africa to help learners to, among others, take cognisance of their sexual lives. Before the programme was introduced in the 2006, many learners had become infected with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV). The programme was introduced based on the perceptions that some learners were struggling as a result of the epidemic. The main aim of this study was to evaluate educators’ perceptions of their ability to successfully implement the objectives of the programme. In the study we used open-ended questions to explore 8 educators’ perceptions on the programme. Of the 8 educators who responded to the questions in the questionnaire, only 2 were interviewed based on their willingness and commitment to life orientation (LO) in schools. The findings suggest that only 1 of the 8 educators had the relevant training and qualification to teach LO at school. Although the educators considered the programme to have a moderate influence on the learners’ sexual behaviour, we highlight compromise and uncertainty about the veracity of such claims. The introduction of LO to South African schools cannot be underestimated because of its well-timed intervention. However, all involved must be committed to ensure successful implementation of the programme.

Legal psychologists’ assessments can have a major impact on the fact finder’s evaluation of evidence and, consequently, perceptions of guilt. Yet, in the few studies about legal psychologists’ assessments and reports, great variability was found. As is the case with other forensic expert domains, legal psychologists are prone to cognitive biases, such as being adversely affected by irrelevant contextual information, confirmation bias, and allegiance bias. Based on the scientific literature, we propose several ways in which legal psychologists can minimize cognitive biases in their assessments, most notably the alternative scenario method. Furthermore, we propose guidelines for expert witnesses in the legal psychological domain, designed to make reports as scientifically grounded, applicable, readable, transparent, and bias-free as possible. We hope that the guidelines will enhance the quality of expert witness testimony provided by legal psychologists around the world.

BACKGROUND Health professionals’ commitment is needed to address disparities in hypertension control by ancestry, but their perceptions regarding these disparities are understudied. METHODS Cross-sectional mixed methods study in a universal healthcare setting in the Netherlands. Snowball sampling was used to include professionals practicing in a large multicity conglomerate including the capital city. Online surveys were collected, and survey participants were randomly selected for in-depth interviews. We used quantitative and qualitative methods to analyze health professionals’ awareness, beliefs, and possible interventions regarding these disparities. RESULTS We analyzed questionnaire data of 77 health professionals (medical doctors n = 70, nurses = 7), whereas 13 were interviewed. Most professionals were women (59%), general practitioners (81%); and White-European (77%), with 79% caring for patients of diverse ancestry. Disparities in hypertension control by ancestry were perceived to exist nationally (83% [95% CI, 75;91]), but less so in health professionals’ own clinics (62% [52;73]), or among their own patients (56% [45;67]). Survey respondents emphasized patient rather than provider-level factors as mediators of poor hypertension control by ancestry. The collection of data on patients’ ancestry, updating guidelines, and professional training were considered helpful to reduce disparities. Interviewees further emphasized patient-level factors, but also the need to better educate health professionals and increase their awareness. CONCLUSIONS This explorative study finds that health professionals predominantly attribute disparities in hypertension control to patient-level factors. Awareness of disparities was lower for more proximate healthcare settings. These data emphasize the need to consider health professionals’ perceptions when addressing disparities in hypertension control.

Urban greenspace provides citizens with important cultural ecosystem services (CES). Identifying landscape features and land use contexts that facilitate CES delivery is critical for guiding urban greenspace management. However, how landscape features and urban context interact with each other in influencing the CES of greenspaces remains unclear. Studies on the CES of patchy urban forests are needed as they are essential urban CES providers, but vulnerable under urban land use pressure. To address these concerns, we compared the CES of 20 urban forest patches in Helsinki, Finland, with five different combinations of landscape features (i.e. size and connectivity) and land use contexts (i.e. surrounding construction density). CES were assessed through an on-site survey on visitors' use, perceptions of CES experience and overall satisfaction, to capture the possible disparities among CES measurements. In larger (>20 ha) forests, visitors were highly satisfied with CES, particularly appreciating the experience of physical health improvement and inspiration through longer and more intense physical uses. Visitors of urban forests in a low construction density context appreciated experiences of cultural heritage, psychological restoration and physical health improvement. Urban forests deliver unique CES characterised by physical use and the benefit of restoration, aesthetics and contact with nature. We suggest that maintaining large urban forests is more effective in promoting CES in high-density areas. In low-density areas, maintaining small forests with open greenspace in the surroundings can also promote CES experiences. We identify management gaps caused by a mismatch between use intensity and CES experiences of urban forests, while both are important in determining people's overall satisfaction. Read the free Plain Language Summary for this article on the Journal blog.

En contexte inclusif, gérer la classe de manière à répondre à la diversité des besoins des élèves représente un défi complexe pour les enseignants. Face aux comportements difficiles, ils sont nombreux à recourir au retrait de classe; une pratique fréquemment utilisée auprès des élèves présentant des difficultés comportementales. Mettant à profit la voix des principaux concernés, cet article vise à documenter leurs perceptions concernant le retrait de classe. À l’aide d’un devis de recherche descriptif et narratif, des entrevues individuelles ont été réalisées avec quatorze élèves présentant des difficultés comportementales scolarisés en classe d’adaptation scolaire au secondaire et soumises à une analyse thématique par catégorisation émergente. Les analyses ont permis d’identifier six conditions d’efficacité et six types de retraits qui ont été classés en fonction de leur efficacité perçue par les participants. Les résultats permettent de formuler plusieurs recommandations susceptibles d’améliorer la qualité de l’expérience scolaire des élèves présentant des difficultés comportementales et de soutenir leur bien-être à l’école., In an inclusive context, managing the classroom to meet the diverse needs of students is a complex challenge for teachers, many of whom use time-out from class to manage indiscipline. These practices are also frequently used with students with emotional and behavioral difficulties. Drawing on the voices of key stakeholders, this article aims to document their perceptions of time-out technique. Using a descriptive and narrative research design, individual interviews were carried out with fourteen emotional and behavioral difficulties students enrolled in special education classes at secondary school and subjected to a thematic analysis by emerging categorization. The analyzes identified six conditions for effectiveness and six types of time-out procedure that were ranked according to their perceived effectiveness by participants. The results provide several recommendations that could improve the quality of the school experience for emotional and behavioral difficulties students and support their well-being in school.

Purpose The purpose of this study is to explore the role of employees’ underlying implicit person theories in the relationship with innovative work climate and proactive behaviour at work. First, the authors study how an employee’s implicit person theory (IPT), or the domain-general implicit belief about the development potential of people’s attributes, relates to learning goal orientation and proactive learning and entrepreneurial behaviour at work. Second, the authors investigate how employees’ perception of their work climate is associated with this IPT. Design/methodology/approach The authors set up an exploratory study relying on survey data from a sample of 498 professionally active Flemish adults and analysed a correlational path through SEM. Findings The authors found that holding an incremental IPT (i.e. believing in the development potential of people’s attributes) positively relates to proactive learning and entrepreneurial behaviour. Moreover, the authors found that employees working in an innovative work climate are more likely to hold an incremental IPT. Originality/value This study offers indications that IPT is a relevant explanatory variable in the relationship between innovative work climate on the one hand and learning goal orientation, learning work behaviour and entrepreneurial work behaviour on the other hand. As such, this study suggests that IPT is a promising concept that can be actively endorsed as a relevant underlying psychological process variable for fostering learning and entrepreneurial behaviour in organizations.

Women's lower career advancement relative to men is sometimes explained by internal factors such as women's lower willingness to make sacrifices for their career, and sometimes by external barriers such as discrimination. In the current research, positing a dynamic interplay between internal and external factors, we empirically test how external workplace barriers guide individuals' internal decisions to make sacrifices for the advancement of their careers. In two high-powered studies in traditionally male-dominated fields (surgery, N = 1,080; veterinary medicine, N = 1,385), women indicated less willingness than men to make sacrifices for their career. Results of structural equation modeling demonstrated that this difference was explained by women's more frequent experience of gender discrimination and lower perceptible fit with people higher up the professional ladder. These barriers predicted reduced expectations of success in their field (Study 1) and expected success of their sacrifices (Study 2), which in turn predicted lower willingness to make sacrifices. The results explain how external barriers play a role in internal career decision making. Importantly, our findings show that these decision-making processes are similar for men and women, yet, the circumstances under which these decisions are made are gendered. That is, both men and women weigh the odds in deciding whether to sacrifice for their career, but structural conditions may influence these perceived odds in a way that favors men. Overall, this advances our understanding of gender differences, workplace inequalities, and research on the role of “choice” and/or structural discrimination behind such inequalities.

This article examines attitudes toward the development of a cultural route based on Ottoman heritage in Europe among university students from Bulgaria, Serbia, North Macedonia, Croatia, and Hungary. The online survey results outline the basic preconditions and potential obstacles to the development of such a cultural route, with the lack of public support in most countries identified as one of the major problems. The general conclusion is that both the attractiveness of the route’s content and public support can increase if the thematic focus is set on cultural interactions between different nations rather than on ‘pure’ Ottoman heritage and Islamic religion. This can lead to greater public acceptance and increased interest among stakeholders at the local, national, and international levels, and create the conditions for effective functionality and long-term sustainability of the route.

This special issue honours James Ost's (1973-2019) contributions to our understanding of false and distorted remembering. In our editorial, we introduce some of James' distinctive research themes including the experiences of people who retract "recovered" memories, social (e.g., co-witness and interviewer influence) and personality influences on false remembering, the nature of false remembering itself (e.g., different types of false memories; false memories vs. false beliefs), public understanding of (false) memory, and a historical link to the work of Frederic Bartlett. We illustrate these themes through a number of key publications. The unifying thread behind James' work is his core interest in false/distorted remembering in real-life (typically high-stake) situations, in line with his engagement with the British False Memory Society and his role as an expert witness in court trials. The articles included in this special issue elaborate on the research themes to which James devoted his career and his curiosity.

ObjectiveTo examine trends in end-of-life communication with people with cancer in general practice.MethodsMortality follow-back survey among general practitioners (GPs) in representative epidemiological surveillance networks in Belgium (BE), the Netherlands (NL) and Spain (ES) in 2009–2010 (ES: 2010–2011) and 2013–2014. Using a standardised form, GPs registered all deceased adult patients in their practice and reported for five end-of-life care topics whether they had been discussed with the patient. Non-sudden cancer deaths were included (n=2306; BE: 1233; NL: 729; ES: 344).ResultsA statistically significant increase was found between 2009/2010 and 2014 in the prevalence of communication about diagnosis (from 84% to 94%) and options for end-of-life care (from 73% to 90%) in BE, and in GPs’ awareness of patients’ preferences for medical treatment and a proxy decision-maker in BE (from 41% and 20% up to 53% and 28%) and the NL (from 62% and 32% up to 70% and 52%). Communication about options for end-of-life care and psychosocial problems decreased in the NL (from 88% and 91% down to 73%) and ES (from 76% and 77% down to 26% and 39%).ConclusionConsiderable change in GP–patient communication seems possible in a relatively short time span, but communication cannot be assumed to increase over time. Increasing specialisation of care and task differentiation may lead to new roles in communication for healthcare providers in primary and secondary care. Improved information sharing between GPs and other healthcare providers may be necessary to ensure that patients have the chance to discuss important end-of-life topics.

Food systems are under pressure to produce more food of higher quality while reducing the pressure on natural resources. Currently, land degradation is widespread, especially in areas with smallholder farming. Agricultural extension may help farmers to adopt sustainable practices. However, adoption rates of interventions are often low in smallholder farming. This paper carries out an ex-ante analysis to determine to what extent the perception of soil characteristics (land cover, slope, soil organic matter, surface stoniness, and texture) and soil variability (how much acid or basic is the soil, i.e., pH level, and level of electric conductivity-EC) limit adoption with the final goal to design better policies to crop productivity. Differences in the perception of soil characteristics and variability between farmers and agricultural specialists, may result in situations where technological packages arrive at farms that are not likely to adopt or do not arrive at farmers that are likely to adopt. This paper studies differences in perception of soil characteristics and soil variability between agricultural specialists and farmers. Smallholder farmers in Central America producing beans were found to have different perceptions of soil characteristics relative to agricultural specialists. In addition, soil variability was considerable. As a result, it is concluded that soil perception and soil variability are likely causes of low adoption rates. Reducing the information gap with respect to the real needs of farmers will make policies more effective, resulting in higher adoption rates of new technologies and increased productivity.

Responsibly using resources is an essential goal of the 2030 agenda. An overall need for 180 tonnes of fish per year is pushing the limits of sustainable fishing. Teachers can focus on this topic to enhance the environmental awareness of sustainability issues in learners (e.g., sustainable consumption, production, and supporting sustainable judgements). For this purpose, we developed a questionnaire on the topic of aquaculture using LimeSurvey and administered this survey to preservice teachers. The survey contained five open questions relating to aquaculture terms, a semantic differential with 14 adjective pairs that concern the interest in and usefulness of aquacultures; the environmental motives scale to determine the environmental concern of the teachers, and a self-developed set of items on systems—consumption knowledge, and social influence. Individuals in the target group (n = 158) indicated that they thought aquaculture products were rather useless and uninteresting, and they purchased them less. The results showed that the participants mostly correctly defined the aquaculture terms, but an overall understanding of system- and consumption-related knowledge, for example, was missing. Aquaculture seems to be associated more with profit than with nutrition or environmental concerns. We illustrate a possible barrier to the communication of less-familiar issues in society.

Le diabète, une maladie chronique constitue un problème de santé publique dans le monde. En Côte d’Ivoire, dans les Centres hospitaliers en général et particulièrement à l’hôpital militaire d’Abidjan, les facteurs de prise en charge de cette maladie suscitent des incongruités. Lesquelles se résument dans sa chronicité, son coût et dans les pratiques thérapeutiques, qui fondent les inadéquations entre les logiques des acteurs en présence. En dehors de ces facteurs (clinique, économique et culturel) qui rendent complexe la gestion du diabète, il y a aussi des dimensions (individuelle et sociale) comme l’ignorance et le statut social des patients. Cet article veut comprendre les logiques explicatives de la gestion de la prise en charge des diabétiques. La méthodologie qui a présidé au recueil des données est l’approche mixte. Les données qualitatives et quantitatives sont respectivement recueillies à partir de guides d’entretien individuel, de groupe, de grille d’observation in situ et de questionnaire. Ces résultats montrent que les perceptions et représentations des patients de la maladie, la méconnaissance du risque associée à l’inobservance du traitement et l’influence de l’environnement social rendent difficile sa prise en charge. Aussi, les pesanteurs socioéconomiques et culturelles sont-elles clientes des incongruités de la gestion de la pathologie.

RESUMO Introdução: Pesquisas prévias têm revelado que residentes têm conhecimentos equivocados sobre a atuação dos cirurgiões plásticos como especialistas em cirurgia da mão. No entanto, até o momento, não existem dados específicos abordando tal aspecto na literatura científica brasileira. Portanto, o objetivo deste estudo foi avaliar os conhecimentos e as percepções dos residentes sobre o papel dos cirurgiões plásticos no campo cirurgia da mão no Brasil. Método: Residentes brasileiros escolheram um ou dois especialistas que eles acreditassem ser experts para oito cenários relacionados à cirurgia de mão. Os padrões de respostas foram distribuídos como “cirurgiões plásticos” ou “sem cirurgiões plásticos”, e “apenas cirurgiões plásticos”, “cirurgiões plásticos combinados com outros especialistas” ou “cirurgiões plásticos ausentes”. Resultado: “Sem cirurgiões plásticos” e “cirurgiões plásticos ausentes” foram mais (p

Home economics is one of the learning areas in the K-12 curriculum which is performance-based as it develops a wide range of practical skills that enable learners to gain knowledge and understanding on cooking, family financing, nutrition, and other various skills for life. But with this pandemic, how will the mentioned skills will be developed among learners, especially in the modular distance learning modality. This study, aimed to look into the learners’ perceptions and practices on modular distance learning: Implications to Home Economics performance at Dalamas Integrated School, South - 1 District, Iligan City, Lanao del Norte in the school year 2022-2023. The study utilized the descriptive-correlational research design. Included in the data were the demographic profile of the respondents in terms of age, gender, and parents’ educational attainment; perceptions of the respondents on Modular Distance Learning in terms of students’ preparedness, modular content, distribution and retrieval of modules, and support from school; and the academic performance of the students. Findings revealed that the respondents perceived Home Economics as helpful in improving their practical and life skills preparing them for their future. Though difficulties in providing good laboratories for applications of their topic are met especially in this time of the pandemic, still the students have realized the importance of Home Economics in their lives. It can be noted that learners need learning materials suitable to their needs to improve their engagement and participation in their classes. Moreover, providing a supportive school environment improves their motivation to learn the necessary skills expected of them to perform in their Home Economics class. However, data revealed that perceptions of students on modular distance learning do not necessarily affect their academic performance and that their perceptions is not differentiated based on their profile.

Purpose: This study aimed to investigate how small and large businesses perceptions of the efficacy of HR management practices in achieving business objectives differ. Theoretical framework: Using a questionnaire that measured five essential HR management practices, 100 small and 50 large businesses were surveyed: enrollment and choice, preparation and advancement, execution of the executives, remuneration, and advantages, and worker commitment Design/methodology/approach: quantitative research uses numerical data and statistical approaches to identify patterns, connections, and links. This study compares small and large companies' HR management. Findings: The findings also have practical implications for both large and small businesses, implying that large companies should maintain their advantage in HR management resources and methods and should instead invest in more formalized HR practices. Research, Practical & Social implications: The study has theoretical implications for HR management, highlighting the need to adapt HR practices to the organization's specific context. Future exploration could inspect the actual results of various HR executive rehearses and the effect of external variables on HR board adequacy. Originality/value: Overall, the study contributes to a better understanding of how small and large businesses perceive HR management's effectiveness in achieving business objectives.

Merrigan, G., & Bennett, L. (2023). Rehabilitation nurses’ knowledge, experiences, and perceptions of the provision of psychological care to stroke patients: Systematic Review.Journal of Health and Rehabilitation Sciences,2(1), 45–59. https://doi.org/10.33700/jhrs.2.1.70

This study investigated the perceptions of Meranao farmers in Lanao del Sur province about reproductive biotechnology, specifically AI. A cross-sectional descriptive survey employing a mixed-method design of a qualitative-quantitative methodological triangulation was employed in the study involving 203 participants (farmers). The selection of the participants was based on purposive sampling and snowball techniques. Furthermore, the principle of saturation was also applied in the collection of data. The collected data was analyzed using descriptive, correlational statistics, and variance through SPSS version 16. Findings revealed that Artificial Insemination (AI) is not usually known and practice by the livestock raisers in Lanao del Sur. Most of the farmers has no knowledge about AI and it is not promoted in their municipality. Farmers adoptions of AI is influence by different factors such as their lack of knowledge resulted to some misconceptions about. However, findings also showed that they are willing to adopt AI as long as they are well educated about it. The farmers profile such as age, gender, educational attainment, livestock raise and years of experience in raising livestock significantly influence to their perceptions on AI. It is also shown that there was a significant difference on the perceptions of the farmers towards their awareness and acceptability of AI, and their perceptions about the status and prospect of AI in the province. Based on the findings, it shows that the farmers have no knowledge about AI but they are willing to be trained and adopt the technology as long as they will know about it. Farmers perceptions towards AI in terms of awareness, acceptability, status and prospects are directly influenced by their profile such as age, education, livestock raise, number of livestock and the years of experience in rearing livestock. This implies that, if they will be exposed to trainings and seminars about AI they can learn the technology and be willing to adopt. As such, this study designed a training program to educate the farmers about AI.

This article intends to investigate the effects of using a mobile app on the vocabulary learning achievement and memory of Chinese tertiary EFL learners. 108 non-English majors took part in the study. Moreover, their perceptions of the app were investigated. By analyzing data from a quasi-experiment, the results show that the experimental group (EG) learned vocabulary at an increased rate of 129.65%, while the control group (CG) did so at an increased rate of 68.4%. In addition, a significant difference was found in vocabulary learning achievement between the two groups, indicating that the app effectively improved students’ vocabulary learning. As for remembering the new words, it was discovered that retention of words declined by 11.11% in EG and 27.89% in CG, suggesting that the app was effective in preventing the EG students from rapid memory loss of the words. Among the participants, 72% held a positive attitude toward the app, and 82% expressed that they liked the app in their diaries. Results of this study indicate the usefulness of mobile technology-enhanced L2 vocabulary learning.

Desirable difficulties are learning conditions that are often experienced as effortful, but have a positive effect on learning results and transfer of knowledge and skills (Bjork & Bjork, 2011; Bjork, 1994). Learners often do not appreciate the beneficial effects of desirable difficulties, and the negative experiences of high effort and perceived low learning make them resistant to engage in desirable difficulties (Biwer et al., 2020a). This ultimately limits learning outcomes and academic achievement. With the increasing emphasis on self-regulation in education, characterized by higher learner agency and abundant choices in what, when, and how to study, the field of educational psychology is in need of theoretical and empirically testable assumptions that improve self-regulation in desirably difficult learning conditions with the aim to foster self-regulation abilities, learning outcomes, and academic achievement. Here, we present a framework that describes how to support self-regulation of effort when engaging in desirable difficulties: the "Start and Stick to Desirable Difficulties (S2D2)" framework. The framework builds on the Effort Monitoring and Regulation model (de Bruin et al., 2020). The aim of this framework is (1) to describe evidence for the central role of perceived effort and perceived learning in (dis)engagement in desirable difficulties, and (2) to review evidence on, and provide an agenda for research to improve learners' self-regulated use of desirable difficulties to help them start and persist when learning feels tough, but is actually effective.