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The period of the COVID-19 pandemic impacted education, especially on early childhood education aged 5-6 years. This study aims to determine the effect of online learning on developing language aspects of children aged 5-6 years. The method used is True Experimental Design by comparing face-to-face learning at school and online education at home. The research subjects consisted of two groups, namely experimental and control, with 40 PAUD children from Kindergarten Schools in Surabaya and Gresik. Based on the Asymp.Sig value shows that online learning significantly affects early childhood language development during the Covid-19 pandemic. The reason is, face-to-face learning cannot be done optimally, with reduced learning hours during the Covid-19 pandemic. Conversely, online learning can be done anywhere and anytime, even though the place and distance are different. 0.000 0.05. Online learning that is carried out has the advantage of not having space and time boundaries so that the need for increasing children's speaking, reading, and writing skills can be met.

Purpose – To examine the effect of the pandemic on changes in the number and value of e-money transactions on real money demand. Methods – Auto Regressive Distributed Lag (ARDL) time series regression. Findings – The number of e-money transactions and transaction value affect the increase in real money demand, but the number of credit card transactions reduces it in the short and long run. The pandemic effect does not increase the number of e-money transactions in the short and long term, while the pandemic effect increases the value of e-money transactions although it is temporary. Implication – Monetary authorities increase the distribution or the equalization of support facilities for e-money payment recipients, as well as the ease and security of using e-money. Originality – ARDL model analysis shows that the pandemic effect increases real money demand in both the short and long term by increasing the value of e-money transactions, while the monthly effect affects in the short term. The pandemic effect on increasing the value of e-money usage is temporary. Abstrak Tujuan – Mengkaji efek pandemic terhadap perubahan jumlah transaksi dan nilai transaksi penggunaan e-money dalam mempengaruhi permintaan uang riil Metode – Auto Regressive Distributed Lag (ARDL) time series regression Temuan – Besaran jumlah transaksi e-money dan nilai transaksi mempengaruhi peningkatan permintaan uang riil, namun jumlah transaksi kartu kredit menurunkan permintaan uang riil dalam jangka pendek dan panjang. Efek pandemic tidak meningkatkan jumlah transaksi e-money dalam jangka pendek dan panjang, sedangkan efek pandemi meningkatkan nilai transaksi e-money meskipun bersifat sementara. Implikasi – Otoritas moneter meningkatkan penyebaran atau pemerataan fasilitas pendukung penerima pembayaran e-money, dan kemudahan dan keamanan menggunakan e-money. Orisinalitas – Dengan menggunakan analisis model ARDL, efek pandemi meningkatkan permintaan uang riil melalui peningkatan nilai transaksi e-money dalam jangka pendek dan panjang, sedangkan efek bulanan mempengaruhi permintaan uang riil jangka pendek. Efek pandemic terhadap peningkatan nilai penggunaan e-money bersifat sementara.

RESUMEN La transición de los estudiantes de educación superior ante la pandemia del COVID-19 es parte de la dinámica educativa actual. En este artículo se analizan las condiciones socioeconómicas y pedagógicas de los estudiantes en dos etapas: al inicio de la emergencia sanitaria y transcurrido un año. Se emplea una metodología de enfoque cuantitativo, alcance descriptivo, diseño no experimental-longitudinal de tendencia. La recolección de los datos se realizó mediante la aplicación de un cuestionario cerrado y la muestra se conformó por 426 estudiantes en el año 2020 y 480 estudiantes en el año 2021. El muestreo fue no probabilístico, por muestras en cadena en tres instituciones de Paraguay: Universidad Americana, Instituto Nacional de Educación Superior Dr. Raúl Peña y Conservatorio Nacional de Música. Con los resultados se demostró que los estudiantes al transitar de un año a otro de la pandemia se adaptaron mayoritariamente a las condiciones socioeconómicas y pedagógicas; se apreciaron mejoras en el acceso a los equipos tecnológicos, el acceso al servicio de internet y las habilidades académicas, así como en el manejo de los recursos digitales y la plataforma; sin embargo, la calidad de la conexión y los constantes cortes de la energía eléctrica tomaron notoriedad como dificultades. ABSTRACT The transition of higher education students in the face of the COVID-19 pandemic is part of the current educational dynamic. This article analyzes the socioeconomic and pedagogical conditions of the students in two stages: at the beginning of the health emergency and after one year. A quantitative approach methodology, descriptive scope, non-experimental-longitudinal trend design is used. The data collection was carried out through the application of a closed questionnaire and the sample was made up of 426 students in the year 2020 and 480 students in the year 2021. The sampling was non-probabilistic, by chain samples in three institutions in Paraguay: American University, National Institute of Higher Education Dr. Raúl Peña and National Conservatory of Music. With the results, it was shown that the students, when moving from one year to another of the pandemic, mostly adapted to the socioeconomic and pedagogical conditions; improvements were seen in access to technological equipment, access to internet service and academic skills, as well as in the management of digital resources and the platform; however, the quality of the connection and the constant power outages became notoriety as difficulties.

Kondisi pandemi Covid-19 mengakibatkan pembelajaran PAUD harus dilaksanakan secara daring. Tentu hal ini mengakibatkan beberapa kendala, dimana guru tidak dapat langsung berinteraksi dengan siswa. Selain materi yang tidak dapat tersampaikan secara menyeluruh, juga terkendala teknologi. Tujuan penulisan ini untuk mendiskripsikan kesulitan yang dialami oleh Guru PAUD dalam melaksanakan pembelajaran di masa pandemi Covid-19 dan dukungan orang tua. Metode pengumpulan data diperoleh melalui google form dan wawancara mendalam. Sumber data adalah 13 guru PAUD di Daerah Istimewa Yogyakarta. Analisis data dilakukan dengan mencari tema tertentu, selanjutnya diberikan kesimpulan. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa pelaksanaan pembelajaran PAUD di masa pandemi Covid-19 dinilai kurang efektif. Sebagian guru masih merasa kesulitan dalam melaksanakan pembelajaran baik dalam perencanaan, pelaksanaan dan penilaian pembelajaran. Dukungan orang tua dalam pembelajaran secara daring selama ini positif, ikut berpartisipasi mendampingi anak belajar. Namun, belum semua orang tua dapat mendampingi secara optimal, dikarenakan kesibukan, tidak memiliki HP, dan sulit untuk diajak berkomunikasi. Penelitian ini memberi implikasi pentingnya lembaga pendidikan membangun sinergisitas yang baik dengan semua element untuk suksesnya pembelajaran di PAUD.

Decembra 2019 so na Kitajskem prvič prepoznali novo nalezljivo koronavirusno bolezen COVID-19. Da bi zajezili širjenje te bolezni, je približno 192 držav po vsem svetu marca 2020 uvedlo karanteno in posledično zaprlo vse vzgojno-izobraževalne institucije. V Sloveniji je prvič prišlo do zaprtja vseh vzgojno-izobraževalnih institucij 16. 3. 2020. Učenje se ni zaustavilo, ampak se je preselilo na splet. Klasično izobraževanje se je prekinilo in začelo se je obdobje izobraževanja na daljavo. Brez enotnih in jasnih navodil, kako naj bo izobraževanje v tem času organizirano, so se šole in učitelji podali v neznano. Pouk fizike običajno temelji na izvajanju poskusov. Fizikalne učilnice so večinoma polne pripomočkov za njihovo izvajanje. S prehodom na poučevanje na daljavo pa so se učitelji morali znajti s tem, kar so imeli doma. Tako so bili primorani najti alternativne oblike, ki so nadomestile eksperimentalno delo, ter spremeniti in prilagoditi metode, oblike in tempo poučevanja, saj se učno okolje in dinamika na spletu povsem razlikuje od učnega okolja in dinamike v učilnici. Tudi dijaki so doma morali prilagoditi svoje okolje tako, da je bilo primerno za učenje. Oboji so bili v kratkem času postavljeni v nov položaj in s tem pred številne izzive. Vse to pa je lahko vplivalo na znanje in razumevanje fizike srednješolcev, kar smo želeli raziskati. Glavna cilja raziskave sta bila ugotoviti, v kolikšni meri je izobraževanje na daljavo v času pandemije COVID-19 vplivalo na znanje in razumevanje fizike slovenskih dijakov, ter identificirati vsebinske teme, ki jih slovenski dijaki po izobraževanju na daljavo pomanjkljivo razumejo. Izvedli smo kvantitativno raziskavo, na priložnostnem vzorcu, ki je zajemal 167 dijakov iz vse Slovenije, ki so v šolskem letu 2019/20 obiskovali 1., 2. oz. 3. letnik in so se od marca 2020 dalje izobraževali na daljavo. Podatke smo pridobili s spletnim preizkusom znanja. Za vsak letnik smo sestavili preizkus znanja, ki je vseboval dvajset fizikalnih nalog izbirnega tipa, ki so prevodi hrvaških nalog za maturo. Pridobljene podatke smo uredili in jih na podlagi različnih kriterijev analizirali. Primerjali smo jih s pridobljenimi podatki iz preteklih hrvaških matur. Ugotovili smo, da so bili slovenski dijaki, ki so se v šolskem letu 2019/20 del šolskega leta izobraževali na daljavo, v splošnem manj uspešni pri reševanju nalog kot dijaki, ki so reševali naloge na hrvaški maturi. Izkazalo se je, da ne moremo oblikovati smiselnih ugotovitev o uspešnosti reševanja nalog na preizkusu znanja glede na obdobje obravnave vsebinske teme, ki jo naloga preverja. Ugotovili pa smo, katere vsebinske teme je največ dijakov obravnavalo na daljavo ter katere vsebinske teme slovenski dijaki pomanjkljivo razumejo po izobraževanju na daljavo. Prav na te teme je pri nadaljnji organizaciji poučevanja fizike treba dati največji poudarek. In December 2019, a new infectious coronavirus disease, COVID-19, was first identified in in China. In order to curb the spread of this disease, some 192 countries around the world have imposed a quarantine in March 2020 and subsequently closed all educational institutions. The first closure of all educational institutions in Slovenia took place on 16 March 2020. Yet learning has not stopped, and has instead moved online. Conventional education has been interrupted and the period of remote schooling has begun. Without consistent and clear guidance on how education should be organised during this period, schools and teachers have undertaken a journey into the unknown. Physics lessons are usually based on experiments and physics classrooms are mostly full of the tools to carry them out. However, with the move to remote schooling, teachers had to work with what they had at home. They had to find alternative formats to replace experimental work and to change and adapt their teaching methods, formats and pace, as the learning environment and dynamics online are completely different from those in the classroom. At home, students also had to adapt their environment to make it suitable for learning. Both students and teachers were placed in a new situation and faced many challenges in a short period. All of this may have had an impact on the knowledge and understanding of physics of secondary school pupils, which was the topic of this master's thesis. The main objectives of the study were to determine to what extent distance education during the COVID-19 pandemic affected Slovenian high school students' knowledge and understanding of physics, and to identify the content topics that Slovenian high school students lack understanding of after remote schooling. A quantitative survey was carried out using a convenience sample of 167 students from all over Slovenia who attended 1st, 2nd or 3rd year of school in the 2019/20 school year and who have been schooling remotely from March 2020 onwards. The data was collected through an online knowledge test. For each year of study, a knowledge test was set up, which included 20 optional physics tasks, which are translations of the Croatian Matura tasks. The data obtained was edited and analysed based on different criteria. The data was compared with the data obtained from previous Croatian Matura examinations. Results showed that Slovenian students who were distance learners for part of the 2019/20 school year were generally less successful in solving the tasks than students who solved the Croatian Matura tasks. It appears that no meaningful conclusions can be drawn about the performance of the tasks in the examination in relation to the period of the substantive topic covered by the task. However, the results show, which content topics were, covered most by distance education students and which content topics Slovenian students have a lack of understanding of after receiving remote schooling. These topics should be given the most emphasis in the future organisation of physics education.

Objective: This study aims to analyze crisis communication management in Bali Province. The benefit of this research is to determine the application of crisis communication management in Bali Province in realizing tourism resilience. Theoretical framework: This study uses the ASEAN Tourism Crisis Communications concept. Method: This study uses the qualitative descriptive method with data collection techniques through in-depth interviews and observation. The research location is in Bali Province involving stakeholders such as: the Bali Province Regional Disaster Management Agency, the Bali Province Disaster Risk Reduction Forum, the Bali Province Association of Disaster Experts, Bali Province Disaster Care Journalists, and the Bali Province Disaster Care Business Forum. Results and Conclusion: The communications delivered during Covid-19 also pass through the stages of crisis management, such as risk identification, readiness, response, and recovery. In this instance, the 1943 traditional villages in Bali Province have become an essential component of the crisis communication management process. During the Covid-19 pandemic, technology, and social media were utilized all the way down to the village level. Implications of the research: Crisis communication is an essential component of efforts to prevent disasters, especially the Covid-19 pandemic. During a health emergency, accuracy and rapidity of information are fundamental. Bali Province seeks collaboration between official, traditional, and religious elements in the crisis communication management process. Originality/value: Tourism resilience will hasten the recovery from the Covid-19 pandemic. This is accomplished through cooperation between Bali's cultural and religious systems and the provincial government.

Purpose: This research aims to determine the impact of Covid-19 pandemic on working time allocation and income of elderly population in Indonesia. Design/methodology/approach: The research uses a descriptive approach with a time series design using macro data issued by Central Bureau of Statistics for 2019 (before the Covid-19 pandemic) and 2021 (the Covid-19 pandemic). Findings: The results showed more elderly (0.05 percent) enter to the labor market during the Covid-19 pandemic, but on other hand there was higher unemployment of 1.36 percent. There has been a decrease in average working time allocation from 2019 (before the Covid-19 pandemic) to 2021 (during the Covid-19 pandemic) by 2.34 hours per week. The research results also show a decrease in average income during the Covid-19 pandemic of IDR 220,000 per month. Research limitations/implications: The workforce consist of young and old generation. This research limited to elderly and cannot examine young and more productive worker. Practical implications: The policy of providing assistance in form of venture capital funds for elderly can be continued and expanded to support productive older people to be allowed to work at home. Social Implications: The families and relatives of elderly should optimize economic support for elderly Originality/value: The increase in number of elderly around the world due to good quality of life, advances in medical technology and modern health services. This is the first research that examine the time alocation and income of elderly after Covid 19.

The Implementation of online thematic learning during the Covid-19 pandemic created significant obstacles for teachers, students and parents. This research is focused on the implementation of thematic learning in elementary schools. This research is focused on the implementation of thematic learning in elementary schools in the DKI Jakarta, Depok, and Tangerang areas, with research sub-focus: 1) Teachers' understanding of implementing thematic learning in elementary schools, 2) Teacher obstacles in implementing thematic during a pandemic. Research using descriptive qualitative research. The survey was conducted on 48 teacher respondents, namely class I and II teachers in five schools in the Jakarta, Depok and Tangerang areas. Data collection was carried out through focus group discussions between researchers, teachers and school principals. The results showed that the teacher's constraints in carrying out thematic learning were teaching materials, time constraints, and when online learning was not optimal so that when offline they had to repeat lessons given online. The implication of this research is that it can provide information and knowledge for education practitioners in implementing ideal online learning and obstacles during the Covid-19 pandemic, so that it can be a way out if similar obstacles occur in the future.

This study was conducted to compare profitability ratios using Return On Assets (ROA), Return On Equity (ROE), Net Profit Margin (NPM), and Operating Profit Margin (OPM) methods in Perum Darmri before and during the covid-19 pandemic. The data used were secondary data obtained from the official website of Perum Damri using Perum Damri's financial reports for 2018-2021. The analysis technique used was quantitative comparison. The results showed that there was no difference in the profitability ratios of the Return On Assets (ROA), Return On Equity (ROE) and Net Profit Margin (NPM) methods at the beginning of the pandemic covid-19 and during the pandemic covid-19 only the Operating Profit Margin (OPM) there was a difference at the beginning of the pandemic covid-19 from another method. At the beginning of the pandemic covid-19, Perum Damri experienced an increase in Return On Assets (ROA), Return On Equity (ROE), and Net Profit Margin (NPM) methods but experienced a decrease in the Operating Profit Margin (OPM) method. During the pandemi covid-19 or during the pandemic covid-19, Perum Damri experienced a decrease in each ratio method used, both Return On Assets (ROA), Return On Equity (ROE) and Net Profit Margin (NPM) and Operating Profit Margin (OPM).

The research subject of this paper is the analysis of the attitudes of employees in pharmaceutical companies towards the business aspects of the pharmaceutical industry during and after the end of the pandemic in the Republic of Serbia. The aim is to examine the differences in the attitudes of employees, as well as to determine which variables predict the situations of endangering the professional reputation of pharmaceutical companies during the COVID-19 pandemic. The research was conducted by means of a survey during 2021 on a sample of 27 innovative and generic pharmaceutical companies. We used the SPSS program for descriptive statistics analysis, chi square test and binary logistic regression models. The findings show that there is a statistically significant difference in the expressed attitudes of employees in innovative and generic pharmaceutical companies in terms of coming to the office during the pandemic; the lack of medicines and medical devices used in the treatment of COVID-19 infections; the patient access to a chosen doctor; the expectations of the employees to continue working from home after the outbreak of the COVID-19 pandemic. The findings of the binary regression models show the slowdown in the supply chain, the access to doctors and working from the home office have not been perceived as creating situations of endangering professional reputations, that is, they contribute to the sustainable economic success. On the other hand, the introduction of digital technologies decreases the occurrence of conditions in which their professional reputation has been threatened.

The first confirmed case of COVID-19 in the Czech Republic was recognized on 1st March 2020. The confirmation was followed by restrictions and limitations based on the decision of the Czech´s government. One of the influenced fields was education. The restrictions have significantly affected the schools, teachers, students, and parents also. Many parents must stay at home with their children which have influenced diverse areas of the economy. The education has moved to the online environment, which has never happened before. This article aims to investigate in perspectives of primary schools’ teachers and their approach to modern technologies as educating tools. What are their experiences and what technologies (software and hardware) they have to work with?

Purpose – The purpose of this study was to determine the extent of the impact of Covid-19 on the macroeconomic indicators and financial performance of Islamic banks in Indonesia. The results of this study may serve as a reference for the Indonesian government and Islamic banks’ stakeholders in formulating strategic decisions in creating innovative solutions during the Covid-19 pandemic.Methodology – Quantitative research method with 2 approaches, namely Partial Least Square-Structural Equation Modeling (PLS-SEM) and Artificial Neural Networks (ANN) was selected for this study.Findings – This study demonstrated that macroeconomic indicators were significantly affected by the Covid-19 pandemic. However, the results of the ANN and PLS-SEM models varied. The PLS-SEM model illustrated the impact of the Covid-19 pandemic affecting the performance of Islamic banking, while the ANN model did not.Implication – This research has implications for stakeholders, especially the government to maintain macroeconomic stability, while for Islamic banking management to focus more on product innovation and service excellence so that it can be closer to the public, especially Muslims community.Originality – Numerous studies examining macroeconomics and the financial performance of Islamic banking have been conducted. This study aimed to offer an alternative perspective by using two models, namely PLS-SEM and ANN.

Persons with disabilities are part of a minority group who of course need to get special services and protection provided by both the government and the community. Currently, facing the Covid-19 pandemic, people with disabilities are a group that has a vulnerability that is twice as high as other individuals. Stps taken by the government to continue to pay attention to minority groups, namely the existence of a social rehabilitation program. This study aims to determine the implementation of basic social rehabilitation for persons with disabilities during the Covid-19 pandemic carried out by the Sukabumi City Social Service. This study uses a qualitative research method with a descriptive approach. The results of this study indicate that the implementation of basic social rehabilitation for people with disabilities during the Covid-19 pandemic carried out by the Sukabumi City Social Service was not optimal due to budget refocusing which caused basic social rehabilitation to prioritize aspects of meeting basic needs which consisted of providing food. and the provision of clothing, as well as access to health services, which include facilitating persons with disabilities to get vaccinated. Furthermore, when viewed from the dimensions of communication, disposition, the bureaucratic structure has been implemented well, but when viewed from the human resource dimension, the Sukabumi City Social Service does not yet have a Disability Assistance Social Worker (TKSPD)., Penyandang disabilitas termasuk ke dalam kelompok minoritas yang tentunya perlu mendapatkan pelayanan dan perlindungan khusus yang diberikan baik itu oleh pemerintah maupun masyarakat. Saat ini, dengan dihadapkannya pandemi Covid-19 membuat penyandang disabilitas menjadi kelompok yang memiliki kerentanan dua kali lipat lebih tinggi dibandingkan dengan individu lainnya. Langkah yang dilakukan oleh pemerintah untuk tetap dapat memperhatikan kelompok minoritas yaitu dengan adanya program rehabilitasi sosial. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pelaksanaan rehabilitasi sosial dasar bagi penyandang disabilitas pada masa pandemi Covid-19 yang dilakukan oleh Dinas Sosial Kota Sukabumi. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode penelitian kualitatif dengan pendekatan deskriptif. Hasil dari penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwasannya pelaksanaan rehabilitasi sosial dasar bagi penyadang disabilitas pada masa pandemi Covid-19 yang dilakukan oleh Dinas Sosial Kota Sukabumi belum optimal karena adanya refocusing anggaran yang menyebabkan rehabilitasi sosial dasar ini lebih memprioritaskan pada aspek pemenuhan kebutuhan dasar yang terdiri atas pemberian permakanan dan penyediaan sandang, serta akses pelayanan kesehatan yang diantaranya yaitu memfasilitasi penyandang disabilitas untuk mendapatkan vaksinasi. Selanjutnya, apabila dilihat dari dimensi komunikasi, disposisi, struktur birokrasi sudah dilaksanakan dengan baik, akan tetapi apabila dilihat dari dimensi sumber daya manusia Dinas Sosial Kota Sukabumi belum mempunyai Tenaga Kerja Sosial Pendamping Disabilitas (TKSPD).

The COVID-19 pandemic which increased rapidly in early 2020 causes losses that can result in companies going out of business. To overce this, it is necessary to have a management system that manage continuity of the Business. Business Continuity Management System (BCMSS) is one of system management for employer to take an action a business continuity. However, there are still industries that have not implemented Business Continuity Management System (BCMS). Therefore, the purpose of this research is to see the difference in the impact of industries that apply and do not apply BCMS during the COVID-19 pandemic. This study uses the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Review & Meta-Analysis (PRISMA) method with inclusion criteria, namely articles that answer research, are published, use Indonesian or English, and were written in the last two years. The impacts on industries that implement BCMS are maintaining business continuity, returning to normal industrial conditions, mitigating disruptions, and reducing COVID-19 transmission. The impacts on industries that do not implement BCMS are labor problems, economic problems, and disruption of the supply chain. There is a significant difference between industries that implement BCMS and industries that do not apply BCMS where industries that apply BCMS can maintain business continuity.

Pandemi Covid-19 berdampak pada aspek Pendidikan Anak Usia Dini sampai Perguruan Tinggi. Sehingga pembelajaran PAUD diselenggarakan di rumah dengan pendampingan orang tua. Kondisi semakin bermasalah karena tidak semua orang tua memiliki kompetensi mengajar layaknya guru. Tujuan penelitian ini untuk menjelaskan peran orang tua dalam pendampingan belajar di rumah (learning at home) anak usia dini terdampak Pandemi Covid-19 di Jawa Timur. Penelitian menggunakan metode kuantitatif dengan teknik statisyik deskriptif, dan sampel penelitian sebanyak 1016 orang tua yang memiliki anak usia dini dalam pembelajaran learning at home. Teknik pengambilan sampel dilakukan dengan proportional random sampling, serta analisis data dengan descriptive statics frequencies dan persentase. Uji validitas menggunakan korelasi product moment dan Uji reliabilitas menggunakan Alfa Cronbach. Hasil penelitian dapat disimpulkan bahwa peran orang tua dalam pembelajaran di rumah bagi anak usia dini meliputi; peran pengasuhan dan pendidik, Peran pembimbing orang tua kepada anak pada kegiatan learning at home dengan penuh kesabaran sebesar, Peran motivator saat learning at home dengan menyiapkan lingkungan yang nyaman dan dengan kata-kata positif.

Introduction: Evidence shows that emergency nurses have developed stress-related health problems in the context of the COVID-19 pandemic. Objectives: Evaluate the stress profile of urgency/emergency nurses in a COVID-19 context according to professional variables. Methods: Cross-sectional, quantitative descriptive-correlational study, through the application of the Stress Perception Scale (SPS), adapted by Pais Ribeiro & Marques (2009), to a sample of 355 Portuguese nurses in an emergency/ urgency context. Results: The sample was mainly composed of women (51.1%), aged between 36-50 years (51.3%), with a university degree (38.9%), working in the public sector (85.9%), in the North (35.8%), between 11-20 years of professional experience (40.8%) and with the professional category of "nurse" (59.4%). Conclusion: As variáveis de caracterização profissional, revelaram que o título profissional, o serviço/unidade onde exercem funções e a localização geográfica, apresentam efeito significativo no perfil de Stress perceived (p < 0.005). In this context, the specialist nurses (p = 0.005) working in the SUP and OR (p = 0.002) of the Lisbon and Tagus Valley Region (p = 0.001) were those with the highest perception of Stress. On the other hand, generalist nurses (p = 0.005), who exercise functions at INEM (p = 0.002), and who exercise in the Autonomous Region of Madeira (p = 0.001) showed a lower Stress profile.

This study aims to analyze differences in financial distress measured using the Grover Score model and financial performance measured using Net Profit Margin (NPM), Return on Assets (ROA), and Return on Equity (ROE). This study uses data from industrial sector companies listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange (IDX) for the 2019-2021 period. The sample used is purposive sampling method. The population in this study were 55 companies and 43 industrial sector companies that were included in the criteria, so the sample data for this study were 129 industrial sector companies. The tests used in this study were the Descriptive Statistical Test, the Normality Test using the Kolmogorov-Smirnov test, and the Difference Test using the Wilcoxon Signed Ranks Test. The results of this study indicate that there are differences in the financial distress, Net Profit Margin (NPM), Return on Assets (ROA), and Return on Equity (ROE) of industrial sector companies between before and after the Covid-19 pandemic, {"references":["Amalia, N., Budiwati, H., & Irdiana, S. (2021, September). Analisis Perbandingan Kinerja Keuangan Sebelum dan Saat Pandemi Covid-19. In Proceedings Progress Conference (Vol. 4, No. 1, pp. 290-296).","] Amelya, B., Nugraha, S. J., & Puspita, V. A. (2021). Analisis Perbandingan Kinerja Keuangan Pt Indofood Cbp Sukses Makmur Tbk Sebelum Dan Setelah Adanya Pandemi Covid-19. Jurnal Ilmiah MEA (Manajemen, Ekonomi, & Akuntansi), 5(3), 534-551.","Badan Pusat Statistika. (2020). Analisis hasil survei dampak Covid-19 terhadap pelaku usaha. Badan Pusat Statistika. https://www.bps.go.id/publication/2020/09/15/9efe2fbda7d674c09ffd0978/analisis-hasil-surveidampak-covid-19-terhadap-pelaku-usaha.htm","Damodaran, A. (1997). Corporate Finance. Theory and Practice, John Wiley&Sons. Inc. Newyork","Fitri, R. A., & Syamwil, S. (2020). Pengaruh likuiditas, aktivitas, profitabilitas dan leverage terhadap financial distress (studi kasus pada perusahaan manufaktur yang terdaftar di bursa efek Indonesia periode 2014-2018). Jurnal Ecogen, 3(1), 134-143.","Hantono, H. (2019). Predicting financial distress using Altman score, Grover score, springate score, zmijewski score (Case study on Consumer Goods Company). Accountability, 8(1), 1-16.","Kasmir, 2016. Analisis Laporan Keuangan. Jakarta: PT. Raja Grafindo Persada.","Kurniawati, L., & Kholis, N. (2016). Analisis model prediksi financial distress pada perusahaan perbankan syariah di Indonesia.","Peraturan Pemerintah Republik Indonesia Nomor 21 Tahun 2020 Pembatasan Sosial Berskala Besar dalam Rangka Percepatan Penanganan Corona Virus Disease 2019 (COVID-19). 31 Maret 2020. Lembaran Negara Republik Indonesia Tahun 2020 Nomor 91. Jakarta"]}

The immersion in an unforeseen mode of acquiring knowledge for traditional learners and professors during pandemic covid-19 released several obstacles. In this sense, learner-content, learner-learner, learner-teacher and learner-interface interactions became so reluctant in online classes that provoked an awkward ambiance. The purpose of this qualitative exploratory case study was to describe the characteristics of a synchronous e-lesson should contain to promote interaction in fifth EFL students. This research study used a theoretical framework to describe the most important constructs covered; online interaction, e-learning and online lesson plan. The sample for this study was one fifth semester professor from an EFL program, as well as 5 fifth semester students. As there are several means to collect data, the researcher applied interviews based on needs analysis. The study employed thematic analysis and a total of 10 sub-themes emerged from four main pre-stablished themes which are; Learner-content, Learner-teacher, Learner-learner and Learner-interface interaction. These subthemes were organized in the ensuing fashion: Learner-content Interaction; engaging topics, visual support, contextualization and load management, Learner-teacher Interaction; teacher-student rapport, methodological activities, Learner-learner Interaction; teamwork and respectful and enthusiastic attitude, Learner-interface Interaction; video-conferencing platforms and tools of preference. 1. INTRODUCTION .............................................................................................................. 9 2. THEORETICAL FRAMEWORK .................................................................................... 12 2.1 Conceptual Framework ............................................................................................... 12 2.1.1 Online Interaction .......................................................................................... 12 2.1.2 e-Learning ...................................................................................................... 14 2.1.3 Online Lesson Plan ........................................................................................ 21 2.2 literature review ............................................................................................................ 24 3. METHODOLOGY ........................................................................................................... 29 3.1 Research Context and Participants............................................................................. 30 3.2 Data Collection Method ............................................................................................... 31 3.3 Data Collection Instrument ......................................................................................... 32 3.4 Data Analysis ................................................................................................................ 33 3.5 Ethical Issues ................................................................................................................. 34 4. FINDINGS ........................................................................................................................ 35 4.1.1 learner-content Interaction. ...................................................................................... 35 4.1.1.1 Engaging Topics .......................................................................................... 36 4.1.1.2 Visual Support ............................................................................................ 37 4.1.1.3 Contextualization ........................................................................................ 38 4.1.1.4 Load Management ...................................................................................... 38 4.1.2. learner-teacher Interaction ...................................................................................... 39 4.1.2.1 Teacher-student Rapport ........................................................................... 39 4.1.2.2 Methodological Activities ........................................................................... 40 4.1.3. Learner-learner Interaction .................................................................................... 40 4.1.3.1 Teamwork. ................................................................................................... 41 4.1.3.2 Respectful and Enthusiastic attitude ........................................................ 41 4.1.4. Learner-interface Interaction .................................................................................. 42 4.1.4.1 Video-Conferencing Platforms .................................................................. 42 4.1.4.2 Tools of Preference ..................................................................................... 43 5. DISCUSSION ................................................................................................................... 44 6. CONCLUSION ................................................................................................................ 48 7. REFERENCES ................................................................................................................. 51 8. APPENDIXES .................................................................................................................. 57 Pregrado Licenciado(a) en Lenguas Extranjeras con Énfasis en Inglés Trabajos de Investigación y/o Extensión

In the context of the world-long coronavirus pandemic, it is now essential that it is successful to overcome, break out painlessly and restore economic growth as soon as possible. Tax policy has a significant place in solving these problems. The purpose of the review is to identify, generalize and interpret information on the nature, degree of systemicity, depth, quality, discussion, existing trends and trends, synergy of tax policy research in the conditions of the coronacism in leading economic journals to identify problematic and understudied areas of knowledge that are important for tax science and practice, which require an early solution and whose development is the most in-demand in modern historical conditions. The scientific community in any scientific industry, including the tax industry, is required to build a single interconnected system of dynamically and effectively developing knowledge, rather than simply producing a set of interesting but disparate ideas. The research methods are a strategy of identifying keywords and search terms from the sphere of taxation and pandemic, screening sources and their primary filtering, content analysis of selected articles, critical reflection of groups of articles. As a result, it has been revealed that the palette of tax problems in the covid-19 environment explored in the publications of leading economic journals is fairly broad, but it goes beyond the front, not ahead of it develop models of various forward-looking scenarios for alternative tax options in force majeure; a clear interpretation of the pandemic realities of the pressing problems of the tax agenda of the present historical moment; writing new reviews as tax publications emerge between Cand19 and the exit from the medical and economic crisis.

During the COVID-19 pandemic, many daily activities are carried out from home. Likewise, educational activities are carried out at home online. This reduces physical activity and can lead to decrease physical and spiritual health. The purpose of this study was to determine the relationship between spiritual well-being and quality of life in university students during the COVID-19 pandemic. Participants in this study consisted of 54 men and women with an age range of 19 years to 22 years. This research is non-experimental quantitative research with a sampling technique using purposive sampling. The measuring instrument used to measure spiritual well-being is the spiritual well-being questionnaire (SWQ) compiled by Gomez and Fisher and the measuring instrument for measuring the quality of life uses the Indonesian version of the WHOQOL-BREF measuring instrument, which was developed by Purba et al. The results showed that there was a positive relationship between spiritual well-being and quality of life in students during the COVID-19 pandemic (p= 0.000 < 0.05), the higher the spiritual well-being of students, the higher the quality of life of students. Additional data analysis was carried out to look for different tests, based on the results of the study there were differences in quality of life-based on gender.

The COVID-19 pandemic is still being felt until September 2021 in several countries around the world. We examine the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic, especially on unethical behavior during online learning—other phenomena such as ego depletion trigger academic dishonesty behavior that occurs. A total of 92 students participated in this research. The measurement tool uses the ego depletion scale and the academic dishonesty scale. The results show that ego depletion is a significant predictor of academic dishonesty. The contribution of ego depletion to academic dishonesty is 16.3%. Ego fatigue makes students choose an easier academic path, which they feel has been affected by the COVID-19 pandemic. So that the behavior of academic dishonesty increases. The implications and research suggestions are discussed in detail.

Downsizing as a corporate restructuring strategy aims to reduce significantly the number of employees in order for the company to adjust to the reduction of revenues resulting from the influence of environmental factors. Workforce reduction is most often implemented during economic crises, which is why it is associated with ambivalent outcomes. Reducing the number of employees through reducing the budget for salaries can have a favorable impact on reducing costs and thus enable the company to operate in the short term. The departure of employees from the organization is associated with a potential loss of organizational knowledge that can reduce the company’s competitiveness and have a negative impact on business. The purpose of this paper is to identify the impact of workforce reduction on knowledge management and organizational performance. A questionnaire filled out by managers from 75 companies was used to collect data. Correlation analysis and multiple hierarchical regression were applied to determine the relationship between the observed variables. The results showed that downsizing has a statistically significant and negative impact on organizational performance. Knowledge management has a positive impact on organizational performance and reduces the negative impact of workforce reduction on organizational performance during the implementation of downsizing. The obtained results give clear practical guidelines to managers that downsizing can have negative consequences on organizational performance if the protection of organizational knowledge is not taken into account and that managers must focus on knowledge in order to preserve potential for competitiveness and performance. The obtained results have a much broader significance in all those situations (restructuring, digitalization, business model change, etc.) in which the company needs to reduce the number of employees.

The impact of the pandemic Covid-19 on students of Social Sciences of the Universidad Nacional Mayor de San Marcos (UNMSM) will be examined in order to establish a research agenda from a gender perspective. Testimonies and informal conversations reveal that emotional and cognitive wellbeing had been fundamentally affected given multiple losses, conditions of confinement, contraction of family budget that lead to the fracture of basic trust. In addition to this, the conduction of a questionnaire in April 2021 in conjunction with the Dean’s Office discloses difficulties in the management of time and lack of adequate conditions to study in addition to the increment of time invested in domestic labor and care work of dependent family members. The findings also show how the pandemic offers a big opportunity to recreate a new normality., El artículo examina el impacto, a nivel académico y personal, de la pandemia Covid-19 en estudiantes de Ciencias Sociales de la Universidad Nacional Mayor de San Marcos (UNMSM) con el fin de establecer una agenda de investigación con perspectiva de género. Testimonios y conversaciones informales revelan, que el bienestar emocional y cognitivo se ha visto principalmente afectado a raíz de múltiples pérdidas, condición de encierro, contracción del presupuesto familiar lo que lleva al quiebre de la confianza básica. Adicionalmente, los resultados de una encuesta-diagnóstico aplicada en abril 2021 en conjunción con el Decanato de la misma Facultad permiten vislumbrar, dificultades en la gestión del tiempo y falta de condiciones adecuadas de estudio, a lo que se suma el incremento de las horas invertidas en tareas domésticas y labores de cuidado de familiares dependientes. Los hallazgos muestran igualmente la gran oportunidad que significa la pandemia para recrear una nueva normalidad.

This study aims to explore an analysis of the effects of using the TikTok application as a new learning model in the arts and culture sector during the Covid-19 Pandemic. The author observes that there is a considerable change in behavior among the community, especially the millennial generation in the use of technology as a bridge for online learning, namely the increasing interest of millennials in using the TikTok application lately. The research study on this occasion was carried out with a quantitative approach, where data collection was taken using a questionnaire technique. The measurement technique uses a Likert scale from a range of 1-5. The object of the research was focused on junior high school students, which was carried out using the Random Sampling Technique in which 103 participants were recorded. The Research Question is focused on exploring the relationship of this application with a new learning approach to arts and culture. The results showed that as many as 62.1% of respondents strongly agreed to help adjust traditional dance moves, 70.9% helped memorize movement choreography, 68% helped to recognize modern dance, and 57.3% agreed that this application helps understand cultural arts learning.

Following the publication of the article entitled “Designing and implementing a distance education plan: a case study at a school in Portugal in pandemic context”, this paper presents the second part of the research called “Monitoring and evaluating a distance education plan: a case study at a school in Portugal in pandemic context”. In general, this research allows to present the process of monitoring and evaluating the implementation of the Distance Education Plan (E@D) in an educational institution in Portugal. This process, lasting four months - from April to July 2020 -, required a deep knowledge of the educational practices implemented during this period. In addition to this aspect, it seems important to highlight the importance of the design of the E@D, especially with regard to the quantity and quality indicators that were vital to the process of monitoring and evaluating e-learning at school. It is important to mention that the case study methodology was adopted for this research. Based on the results obtained from the monitoring and evaluation process of the online teaching-learning process (e-learning) from the indicators - quantity and quality - a set of suggestions for improvement is presented in the three dimensions come from the theoretical framework Technological, Pedagogical and Content Knowledge (TPACK): technology, pedagogy and content. In addition to this aspect, this process required availability and collaboration by all the school's stakeholders (students, teachers and guardians) whose contribution was vital to the adjustments of the E@D and consequent improvement in the quality of the educational process. info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion

Recognizing competitive strategies, the retail industry must anticipate business risks. Business risk is related to managerial risk, and it depends on its ability to adapt its policies to unforeseen events and changes. Currently, the whole world is facing the Covid-19 outbreak. In facing the challenges and risks from Covid-19, retail businesses must manage and respond to these risks so that their business can recover and business continuity is realized. This study seeks to identify the risks experienced by retail businesses in Indonesia during the COVID-19 pandemic and what risk management strategies are appropriate for business continuity and retail business recovery. Previous studies have explained the impact of Covid-19 on the retail industry. However, there is still a lack of research that tries to identify the risks and how to overcome them. This research will try to fill that gap. Semi-systematic or narrative review techniques were conducted in this study. The study’s result is a framework related to risk management in retail industries. This study contributes to knowledge and practical implication regarding the risk that the retail industry is experiencing during the COVID-19 pandemic.

Physical distancing and stay-at-home instructions to break the chain of the spread of Covid-19 have led various organizations to change their work policy from work from the office to work from home. The specific objective of this study is to examine the link between the readiness of work-home resources in carrying out work from home, work motivation, and work-family conflict. The questionnaire is distributed to lecturers of public higher education institutes in Indonesia through online media by quantitative methods. Data from 131 respondents were then processed using SEM-SmartPLS. The results showed that work-home resource readiness negatively affected work-family conflict and significantly positively affected work motivation. Work motivation has no significant positive impact on work-family conflict. Thus, work motivation cannot mediate the relationship between work-home resource readiness and work-family conflict. Further research regarding work-home resources readiness in another job field would give a different perspective as lecturers have more independent working time than other employees.

This paper aims to highlighted the impact of the Covid-19 pandemic on fintech start-ups as they rely on modern technology to provide financial services. in the field of financial and banking technology presented a challenge because they provide smart services and the development and operation of business models, artificial intelligence and blockchain technology. This paper was based on a descriptive and analytical approach to find out the extent of the impact of the Covid-19 pandemic on global fintech start-ups in both America and Europe, the Middle East, Africa and Asia. The results obtained showed a decrease in investments, which reached 25.6 billion dollars, the number of investment deals to 1,221 compared to previous years. The impact was clear in terms of financing and investment, increase in the use of fintech in light of the crisis and the imposed social distancing measures, which made it easier for customers to deal remotely.

Masa remaja merupakan masa pertumbuhan yang memiliki kebutuhan gizi khusus untuk menunjang aktifitas sehari-hari dan pertumbuhannya. Begitu juga untuk seorang atlet, permasalahan utama yang sering dijumpai oleh atlet nasional adalah stamina dan ketahanan tubuh yang kurang. Faktor kelelahan diikuti dengan proses pemulihan tubuh yang lambat dapat menurunkan performa atlet. Hal yang dapat mempengaruhi hal tersebut salah satunya adalah asupan gizi. Usia remaja adalah usia rentan gizi karena tumbuh kembang yang pesat jika pola konsumsi tidak baik, maka akan berdampak pada pertumbuhan dan perkembangan yang tidak optimal. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui status gizi dan kebiasaan makan atlet usia remaja pada periode pemeliharaan status gizi. Penelitian ini menggunakan desain Cross Sectional Study. Penelitian ini melakukan pengukuran antropometri, pengukuran kebutuhan & asupan gizi dan kebiasaan makan atlet usia remaja. Data yang telah terkumpul kemudian dianalisis dengan bantuan software Microsoft Office Excel. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa 90% responden berada pada kategori status gizi normal, 5% masing-masing berada pada kategori kelebihan berat badan tingkat ringan dan tingkat berat. Pada penilaian kebiasaan makan, 23% responden berada pada kategori tinggi, 9% berada pada kategori cukup, 59% responden berada pada kategori kurang dan 9% lainnya berada pada kategori rendah. Dan pada penilaian asupan gizi, 18% responden termasuk dalam kategori normal, 9% defisit tingkat ringan, 14% defisit tingkat sedang dan 59% lainnya defisit tingkat berat. Adolescence is a period of growth that has special nutritional needs to support daily activities and growth. Likewise for an athlete, the main problem that is often encountered by national athletes is lack of stamina and endurance. The fatigue factor followed by a slow body recovery process can reduce the athlete’s performance. One of the things that can affect this is nutritional intake. Adolescence is a nutritionally vulnerable age because of rapid growth and if the eating habits is not good, it will have an impact on growth that is not optimal. The purpose of this study was to determine the nutritional status and eating habits of adolescent athletes during the maintenance period of nutritional status. This study used a Cross Sectional Study design. This study carried out anthropometric measurements, measurement of nutritional needs & intake and eating habits of adolescent athletes. The data that has been collected is then analyzed with the help of Microsoft Office Excel software. The results showed that 90% of respondents were in the normal nutritional status category, 5% each were in the mild and severe overweight categories. In the assessment of eating habits, 23% of respondents are in the high category, 9% are in the sufficient category, 59% of respondents are in the less category and 9% are in the low category. And on the assessment of nutritional intake, 18% of respondents were in the normal category, 9% hard mild deficits, 14% moderate deficits and 59% hard severe deficits., Masa remaja merupakan masa pertumbuhan yang memiliki kebutuhan gizi khusus untuk menunjang aktifitas sehari-hari dan pertumbuhannya. Begitu juga untuk seorang atlet, permasalahan utama yang sering dijumpai oleh atlet nasional adalah stamina dan ketahanan tubuh yang kurang. Faktor kelelahan diikuti dengan proses pemulihan tubuh yang lambat dapat menurunkan performa atlet. Hal yang dapat mempengaruhi hal tersebut salah satunya adalah asupan gizi. Usia remaja adalah usia rentan gizi karena tumbuh kembang yang pesat jika pola konsumsi tidak baik, maka akan berdampak pada pertumbuhan dan perkembangan yang tidak optimal. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui status gizi dan kebiasaan makan atlet usia remaja pada periode pemeliharaan status gizi. Penelitian ini menggunakan desain Cross Sectional Study. Penelitian ini melakukan pengukuran antropometri, pengukuran kebutuhan & asupan gizi dan kebiasaan makan atlet usia remaja. Data yang telah terkumpul kemudian dianalisis dengan bantuan software Microsoft Office Excel. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa 90% responden berada pada kategori status gizi normal, 5% masing-masing berada pada kategori kelebihan berat badan tingkat ringan dan tingkat berat. Pada penilaian kebiasaan makan, 23% responden berada pada kategori tinggi, 9% berada pada kategori cukup, 59% responden berada pada kategori kurang dan 9% lainnya berada pada kategori rendah. Dan pada penilaian asupan gizi, 18% responden termasuk dalam kategori normal, 9% defisit tingkat ringan, 14% defisit tingkat sedang dan 59% lainnya defisit tingkat berat.

This study aimed to determine family communication based on satisfaction with the uses of new media technology by millennial mothers and teachers in children studying from home during the Covid-19 pandemic. This research was conducted qualitatively through online interviews at the beginning of school from home during pandemic Covid-19. It was conducted from May until June 2020 with 30 millennial mothers born in the 1980s to 1999 in Indonesia. Millennial mothers experienced positive feelings (confidence, satisfaction, happiness) and negative feelings (burden, shock, frustration, stress, and depression). The child experienced positive feelings (happiness, satisfaction, enjoyment) and negative feelings (missing school, tiredness, stress, and sadness). The study results show that negative feelings are determined by negative thoughts caused by mothers’ communication when accompanying their children studying online. Therefore, mothers need to improve how they communicate with their children in school and at home to deal with negative emotions.

Purpose To explore the experiences of nurses working in emergency departments in selecting and triaging patients during the COVID-19 pandemic. Design Descriptive phenomenology was applied in this study. Methods Data were collected from nurses working at hospitals in Indonesia using snowball sampling and telephone interviews. A total of 10 emergency nurses participated, and Colaizzi's method of data analysis was applied. Findings Six themes and 10 subthemes emerged. The main themes were "extreme challenges in triage," "feeling of responsibility under uncontrolled spread and infection," "physical and psychological exhaustion," "discovering strategies under difficult circumstances," "looking for positive reinforcement," and "optimism in togetherness." Nurses had to deal with the challenge of COVID-19 in the ED triage, interestingly so, the nurses they have shown the development of professional responsibility. Nurses are also experienced in finding patient selection and triage strategies and the sense of optimism that may influence strategy and practice during the COVID-19 pandemic. Conclusions This findings identify nurses' experiences in dealing with the extreme challenges of emergency department triage as well as their associated strategies and optimism. Clinical relevance Providing support to emergency nurses, improving emergency department triage, and community empowerment are suggested as strategies to improve nursing care during the COVID-19 pandemic.

In the era of the Covid-19 pandemic, all activities are forced to adapt to the disruption Era, one of which is the education sector. The era of Disruption Covid-19 changed the learning system from face-to-face to online and did not change the quality of the learning process. Therefore, the Furniture and Wood Processing Industry Polytechnic must create a new framework in order to survive. This study aims to create a new framework that has the perspectives of various stakeholders such as government, industry, academic institutions, certification institutions, students and technological developments. The making of this framework is based on PEST analysis and a drives competitive for universities according to (Panday, 2014). The result of the framework for the Wood Furniture and Processing Industry Polytechnic are implementation health protocol for Covid-19, improvement of facilities dan infrastructure, creating income from teaching factory, SDM adaptation for improvement facilities and infrastructure, and quality assurance of graduates. The next step is to carry out monitoring and evaluation (MONEV) so that the implementation of framework runs according to the references and targets.

The article examines the history of the formation of cooperation between Belarus and China in the field of tourism in the newest period of development in the context of the intensification of the Belarusian-Chinese interaction in general. The main tendencies of cooperation within the framework of the global Chinese project «One belt, one road» are outlined, the main tendencies of such cooperation and its specificity, including tourism sphere, are outlined; the main problematic issues in organising tourist exchange with the China are identified.

The purpose of this study begins with an analysis to see how the disclosure of corporate social responsibility during the covid19 pandemic, then continues with an analysis to see what factors affect the disclosure of corporate social responsibility. This study uses a sample of 150 non-financial companies listed on the IDX in 2012-2020. The analytical tool used in this study is panel data regression with a random effect model. The results showed that the variables of audit committee composition, ownership concentration, management participation, return on assets, return on equity, debt and number of employees did not have a positive effect on the disclosure of corporate social responsibility. Meanwhile, the variables of the board of commissioners meeting and the total balance sheet have a positive effect on the disclosure of corporate social responsibility.

RESUMO Durante o ano de 2020, no Brasil, as escolas permaneceram fechadas e as crianças em casa; junto delas estiveram suas mães ou cuidadores, conjugando a casa e a vida profissional. Este artigo tem por propósito descrever as relações entre mães, escolas e crianças com base no debate sobre as noções de cuidado, trabalho, neoliberalismo e emoções, tendo como ponto de partida a ideia de que essas relações, a princípio, tão ordinárias, durante o primeiro ano da pandemia de Sars-Cov-2 19, descortinaram uma dimensão extraordinária de sua interface e importância para toda a manutenção da vida social. Nesse sentido, explora uma interface de campos que interessam às ciências sociais e que, por isso, lhe destacam, inclusive, a originalidade e a importância investigativa. Para tanto, foram consideradas notícias de mídia, artigos científicos, diálogos empreendidos em redes sociais e entrevistas com interlocutoras de pesquisas etnográficas em andamento. ABSTRACT During 2020, in Brazil, schools remained closed and children at home; their mothers or caregivers were with them, combining home and professional life. This article aims to describe the relationships between mothers, schools and children, based on the debate regarding the notions of care, work, neoliberalism and emotions; taking from the outset the idea that these relations, at first so ordinary, during the first year of the Sars-Cov-2 19 pandemic, unveiled an extraordinary dimension of their interface and importance for the entire maintenance of social life. In this sense, it explores an interface of fields that are of interest to Social Sciences and that, therefore, also highlight its originality and investigative importance. For this, media news, scientific articles, dialogues carried out on social networks and interviews with interlocutors of ongoing ethnographic research were considered. RESUMEN Durante 2020, en Brasil, las escuelas permanecieron cerradas y los niños en casa; con ellos estaban sus madres o cuidadoras, compaginando la vida hogareña y profesional. Este artículo tiene como objetivo describir las relaciones entre madres, escuelas e hijos, a partir del debate sobre las nociones de cuidado, trabajo, neoliberalismo y emociones; tomando desde el principio la idea de que estas relaciones, en un principio tan ordinarias, durante el primer año de la pandemia Sars-Cov-2 19, revelaron una dimensión extraordinaria de su interfaz e importancia para el mantenimiento integral de la vida social. En este sentido, explora una interfaz de campos que son de interés para las Ciencias Sociales y que, por tanto, también destaca su originalidad e importancia investigativa. Para ello, se consideraron noticias mediáticas, artículos científicos, diálogos realizados en redes sociales y entrevistas a interlocutores de la investigación etnográfica en curso.

The impact of the Covid 19 epidemic on instructional methods and practices is examined in the diploma thesis. The thesis seeks to ascertain Covid 19's effect on modifications to learning methods and strategies. The objective is to identify the changes that will take place. Identifying obstacles and figuring out whether teachers are interested in changing their teaching methods. Theoretical material includes searches of relevant literature and other sources. Primarily findings of the Czech School Inspection; judgments and suggestions from the Ministry of Education and Sports are also included. The results of the questionnaire survey are the main topic of the practical section. The quantitative study was conducted using a questionnaire among instructors. (specifically, 101 respondents). The output is recommendations on how to incorporate changes into teaching, such as through subsidies, as well as recommendations on how to employ various teaching apps that do not require financial subsidies. KEYWORDS Education, online education, teaching, teacher, educator, pupils, students, distance learning, Covid-19 pandemic, strategy, education techniques

The COVID-19 pandemic had a major impact on the mental health and well-being of children with neurodevelopmental conditions (NDCs) and of their families worldwide. However, there is insufficient evidence to understand how different factors (e.g., individual, family, country, children) have impacted on anxiety levels of families and their children with NDCs developed over time. This paper examines anxiety and concerns using a cross-country approach

This bachelor thesis was focused on Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation of patients with suspected or confirmed COVID-19. Two objectives were set to map the practices of paramedics in performing cardiopulmonary resuscitation during a Coronavirus disease (COVID-19) pandemic. Another intrinsic indicator was the multilevel risk assessment during the COVID-19 pandemic, which emphasizes increased caution and the use of possible personal protective equipment. The theoretical part of the bachelor thesis was focused on the introduction to the issue of coronavirus disease, as well as on the performance of cardiopulmonary resuscitation during the COVID-19 pandemic.The thesis further describes what precedes the circulatory arrest and from this then further interventions such as cardiopulmonary resuscitation are derived. The practical part of the study was conducted by qualitative research using the method of in-depth interviews with paramedics of the South Bohemia Region and the Vysočina Region. The interview included a total of 20 questions focused on the given issue. The research sample consisted of 13 respondents, 7 paramedics from the Vysočina Region and 6 paramedics from individual regional centres of the South Bohemian Region. The results were subsequently processed into eight categories and tabulated accordingly. The research part showed that the members of the individual Rescue Services have sufficient theoretical knowledge and also have enough practical experience in performing cardiopulmonary resuscitation during the COVID-19 pandemic. I did not find any visible differences in performing cardiopulmonary resuscitation between the regions, the answers of the respondents were almost identical. The research showed that it is not the geographical distribution that matters, but that the Ambulance Services follow clearly defined methodological procedures and take care of their own safety and the safety of patients. The research part showed that the members of the individual Rescue Services have sufficient theoretical knowledge and also have enough practical experience in performing cardiopulmonary resuscitation during the COVID-19 pandemic. I did not find any visible differencesin the performance of cardiopulmonary resuscitation between the regions, the answers of the respondents were almost identical. Only in terms of decontamination were there subtle differences in the disinfectants used. Research has shown that geographical distribution does not matter, but that emergency services follow clear methodological procedures, but do not pay much attention to their own safety with regard to COVID-19.

Hintergrund: Die Pandemie Covid-19 hatte ebenso große Auswirkungen auf die Geburtshilfe somit auch auf das Stillen der Neugeborenen und der gesamten Familie. Nichtsdestotrotz wurde von nationalen und internationalen Fachgesellschaften ausdrücklich der unmittelbare Mutter-Kind-Kontakt befürwortet. Dabei stellt der Stillbeginn für viele Mütter ein Hindernis dar, das unüberwindbar scheint. Deshalb sinkt die Zahl der gestillten Babys in den ersten Wochen dramatisch und bereits nach vier Monaten kommt es bei einem Drittel der Mütter zum vorzeitigen Abstillen. Ziel der Arbeit war, anhand von wissenschaftlicher Literatur aufzuzeigen, welche Herausforderungen und Unterstützungen stillende Frauen in der Pandemie Covid-19 erfahren. Methode: Zur Erreichung des Ziels erfolgte eine Literaturarbeit nach dem Phasenmodell Kleibel und Mayer (2011). In den Datenbanken MEDLINE® und CINAHL® mit Volltext wurde von Oktober 2022 bis März 2023 recherchiert. Die identifizierten Studien wurden spezifisch dem Forschungsansatz und Forschungsdesign einer kritischen Beurteilung unterzogen. Ergebnisse: Zur Beantwortung der Fragestellung wurden 12 Studien herangezogen. Die Studienergebnisse zeigen auf, dass stillende Frauen in der Pandemie Covid-19 Herausforderungen gegenüberstehen, die sich beim Stillen, der Arbeit und mangelnder persönlicher Unterstützung ergeben. Hinsichtlich der Unterstützung wird von den Frauen nicht nur der Partner in Anspruch genommen, sondern auch Pflegepersonen, Stillberater*innen und Selbsthilfegruppen/Online-Gruppen. Schlussfolgerungen: Um den Müttern beim Stillen mit adäquater Fachexpertise zur Seite stehen zu können, sind Fortbildungen und das Umsetzen der Leitlinien zur Stillförderung für das Pflegepersonal unumgänglich. Pflegeinterventionen sollen dem aktuellen Forschungsstand entsprechen. Background: The Covid-19 pandemic also had a major impact on obstetrics and thus on breastfeeding of newborns and the entire family. Nevertheless, national and international professional societies explicitly advocated immediate mother-child contact. Yet for many mothers, the start of breastfeeding is an obstacle that seems insurmountable. This is why the number of breastfed babies drops dramatically in the first few weeks and one third of mothers stop breastfeeding prematurely after only four months. Objective of the work was to show, on the basis of scientific literature, what challenges and support breastfeeding women experience in the Covid-19 pandemic. Methodology: To achieve the objective, a literature review was conducted according to the Kleibel and Mayer (2011) phase model. The MEDLINE® and CINAHL® databases with full text were searched from October 2022 to March 2023. The identified studies were subjected to a critical appraisal specific to the research approach and research design. Results: To answer the research question 12 studies were used. The study results indicate that breastfeeding women in the Covid 19 pandemic face challenges related to breastfeeding, work and lack of personal support. In terms of support, women not only turn to their partners, but also to caregivers, lactation consultants and support groups/online groups. Conclusion: In order to be able to assist mothers with breastfeeding with adequate expertise, further training and the implementation of the guidelines for breastfeeding promotion are indispensable for nursing staff. Nursing interventions should correspond to the current state of research.

Σκοπός της ποιοτικής αυτής μελέτης ήταν να διερευνήσει την εμπειρία της διαχείρισης της πανδημίας «μέσα από τα μάτια» των επαγγελματιών υγείας της Πρωτοβάθμιας Φροντίδας Υγείας. Οι θετικές αλλαγές που διέκριναν οι συμμετέχοντες συνοψίζονται σε επτά κύριες θεματικές ενότητες και οι αρνητικές αλλαγές συνοψίζονται σε τρείς. Τέλος, συμπεριλήφθηκαν οι προτάσεις των επαγγελματιών υγείας για την επόμενη μέρα. Η πανδημία φαίνεται να έχει επιφέρει μια σειρά από θετικές αλλαγές που μπορούν να υποστηρίξουν την αναβάθμιση και αναδιάρθρωση της ΠΦΥ στη χώρα μας. Στο πλαίσιο της διασφάλισης της παροχής υπηρεσιών ΠΦΥ υψηλής ποιότητας, θα πρέπει να ληφθούν υπόψιν θέματα επαρκούς στελέχωσής της, διασφάλισης της σωματικής και ψυχικής ευεξίας των εργαζομένων, συνεχιζόμενης εκπαίδευσης, αλλά και στην πολύπλευρη αντιμετώπιση της ενεργοποίησης της συμμετοχής των ασθενών στη φροντίδα της υγείας τους., The aim of this qualitative study was to explore the experience of managing the pandemic "through the eyes" of Primary Health Care professionals. The positive changes perceived by the participants are summarized in seven main thematic sections and the negative changes are summarized in three. Finally, the health professionals' suggestions for the following day were included. The pandemic seems to have brought about a series of positive changes that can support the upgrading and restructuring of PHY in our country. In the context of ensuring the provision of high-quality primary care services, issues of adequate staffing, ensuring the physical and mental well-being of employees, continuing education, but also in the multifaceted approach of activating patient participation in their health care should be taken into account.

Σκοπός: Η παρούσα εργασία είχε ως βασικό στόχο της μελέτη της επίδρασης της πανδημίας του covid-19 στην εμφάνιση των χαρακτηριστικών του συνδρόμου επαγγελματικής εξουθένωσης στο σύνολο των επαγγελματιών υγείας. Μέθοδοι: Κατασκευάστηκε ερωτηματολόγιο δημογραφικών στοιχείων. Χρησιμοποιήθηκε για την επαγγελματική εξουθένωση το ερωτηματολόγιο Μaslach Burnout Inventory (ΜΒΙ). Έγινε διανομή και συμπλήρωση των ερωτηματολογίων διαδικτυακά μέσω GoogleForms. Τα αποτελέσματα αναλύθηκαν με τα υπολογιστικά φύλλα. Απαντήθηκε από 50 εργαζομένους δομών υγείας της 7ης ΥΠΕ. Αποτελέσματα:Σύμφωνα με την παρούσα έρευνα η πλειοψηφία των ερωτηθέντων ήταν γυναίκες (84%), σε αντίθεση με τους άντρες που ήταν (16%). To 60% δεν είναι ευχαριστημένοι από τις οικονομικές απολαβές που τους προσφέρει η εργασία τους. Το 34% θα άφηνε σίγουρα τη δουλειά του για μια καλύτερη ευκαιρία. Στην ερώτηση «Με ενδιαφέρει πραγματικά τι συμβαίνει στους ασθενείς μου.» το 38% δήλωσε ότι πάντα ενδιαφέρεται. Oι ερωτηθέντες σημείωσαν σκορ υψηλής συναισθηματικής εξουθένωσης, αποπροσωποποίησης και αισθήματος έλλειψης επαγγελματικών επιτευγμάτων σε ποσοστά 74%, 70% και 40% αντίστοιχα. Το 60% ερωτηθέντων εμφανίζει υψηλά σκορ επαγγελματικής εξουθένωσης και στις 3 κατηγορίες. Συμπεράσματα: Από τα αποτελέσματα φάνηκε ότι η επαγγελματική εξουθένωση είναι αρκετά συχνό φαινόμενο κατά την περίοδο της πανδημίας του Covid-19., Methods used: Α demographics questionnaire was made. The Μaslach Burnout Inventory (ΜΒΙ) questionnaire was used for the burn- out. The distribution and the questionnaire completion took place online through google forms. The results were analyzed with spread- sheets. It was replied from 50 healthcare workers from several units throughout the local region. Results: The majority of the people who participated were women (84%), in contrast with men (16%). A percentage of 60% isn't contented with the amount of money that they earn from their job. A percentage of 34% would definitely leave their job for a better chance. In the question asked '' Do I care about what happens to my patients'' only a percentage of 38% stated that are always interested. Questioned people marked high burnout scores (74%), depersonalization (70%), and no personal goals achievement feeling (40%). 60% of the people asked showed high scores of burnout in both three categories. Conclusion: From the results was shown that burnout is a very common effect, especially during the pandemic covid-19.

Recreational apartment houses are considered a new trend of second homes, which started to fully develop in Czechia in the 1990s. The first houses appeared at the end of the 20th century in mountain resorts, such as in the Krkonoše Mountains or Šumava. Compared to traditional chalets and cottages, apartment houses are better furnished and offer greater comfort to the users. The aim of this paper is to evaluate and compare the development of residential tourism in Spain, Finland and Czechia (with a primary focus on recreational apartment houses). The question of the consequences of the global economic crisis (in the case of Spain and Czechia) and the covid-19 pandemic (in the case of Finland and Czechia) for residential tourism is discussed. The importance of apartment dwellings as one of the integral parts of unoccupied dwellings is discussed on the basis of graphical outputs. KEY WORDS residential tourism, recreational apartment house, new trends in second homes, economic crisis, pandemic covid-19, Krkonoše

The topic of this bachelor´s thesis is the influence of COVID-19 pandemic on the lives of the elderly during lockdown, namely in regard to loneliness and disconnection with their families. The thesis documents how their family relations have changed, in what manner the goverment regulations influenced their lives and from what sources the seniors got information about the situation at the time. It also deals with how the contacts with their families have changed, who helped the seniors the most during the pandemic, what they needed help with the most and what caused them the biggest concerns. The thesis also looks at whether any feelings of sadness and loneliness befell them, and if so, what helped them overcome these conditions. The research was focused on seniors using a home care service or seniors living in a home care service house in Nová Bystřice. One of the goals of this thesis was to find out how the home care service helped to overcome loneliness and sadness and if there was anything that it hadn´t been able to provide that the clients would have appreciated receiving. The thesis evaluates seniors needs, their biggest worries and what is hard for them to cope with. It also evaluates how the home care service can contribute to solving sudden situations, which the COVID-19 pandemic surely was. For realisation of the research part, a qualitative type of research was used through the method of questioning and half-structured interview technique. The interviews were recorded then rewritten and coded with open coding. The target group were seniors using the home care service in Nová Bystřice. The knowledge gathered is then used to assess which services are crucial and how is it possible to improve the services offered.

The main aim of this study is to examine dynamic dependence and proof of contagion during the Covid-2019 pandemic. The empirical data are daily prices from six European indexes. The FTSE, DAX and CAC indexes represent the largest and most developed stock markets in Europe, while the Austrian ATX index represents small developed markets. The WIG and BUX indexes represent emerging European markets. This empirical study, based on the Dynamic Conditional Correlation model, which is applied to different pairs of indexes, aims to convince the reader of the increase in the correlation between the time of the pandemic (after 30 December 2019) and the period before the beginning of the pandemic. For all pairs, the mean value of the conditional correlations in the pre-Covid period was statistically below the values in the Covid period. The results indicate contagion in Europe after the outbreak of the Covid-2019 pandemic.

Η επαγγελματική εξουθένωση θεωρείται ένα σύνδρομο συναισθηματικής εξάντλησης, που συνοδεύεται από την έλλειψη προσωπικής ευχαρίστησης και εξέλιξης του ατόμου. Είναι ένα σύνδρομο που είναι εύκολο να το εμφανίσουν οι γιατροί και οι νοσηλευτές, καθώς οι ώρες εργασίας τους και η πίεση που δέχονται εντός του εργασιακού τους πλαισίου, είναι αρκετά υψηλή. Αυτό συχνά έχει αρνητικές επιδράσεις τόσο στους ασθενείς όσο και στους ίδιους τους επαγγελματίες, μειώνοντας την απόδοση της εργασίας τους και εντείνοντας την εμφάνιση ψυχοσυναισθηματικών δυσκολιών. Όταν εμφανίστηκε η πανδημία COVID-19 αυξήθηκε αρκετά ο φόρτος εργασίας και το στους επαγγελματίες υγείας. Σκοπός της έρευνας, είναι ο προσδιορισμός των επιπέδων επαγγελματικής εξουθένωσης στους ιατρούς και νοσηλευτές συνδυαστικά με τους τρόπους που τα κοινωνικο-δημογραφικά κριτήρια μπορούν να επηρεάσουν το επίπεδο εξάντλησης. Ακόμη, σχετίζεται με το να κατανοήσουμε τον αντίκτυπο της πανδημίας στην επαγγελματική εξουθένωση των επαγγελματιών υγείας όσο διαρκεί αυτή. Το δείγμα της μελέτης είναι οι επαγγελματίες υγείας στο Γενικό Νοσοκομείο – Κέντρο Υγείας στην Κύμη. Για τη μελέτη, χρησιμοποιήθηκε το Ερωτηματολόγιο Καταγραφής του Συνδρόμου Επαγγελματικής Εξουθένωσης της Maslach (Maslach Burnout Inventory – MBI). Οι συμμετέχοντες συμπλήρωσαν ερωτηματολόγια ανώνυμα και εθελοντικά για τους σκοπούς της παρούσας μελέτης. Ενημερωμένες επιστολές συγκατάθεσης που περιγράφουν τον σκοπό και τους στόχους της μελέτης επισυνάπτονταν στο ερωτηματολόγιο προς τους συμμετέχοντες για να διασφαλιστεί η ανωνυμία και να προστατευθούν τα προσωπικά δεδομένα. Η μελέτη εγκρίθηκε από το Επιστημονικό Συμβούλιο του Γενικού Νοσοκομείου-Κέντρου Υγείας Ιστιαίας και Βόλου και την Επιτροπή Βιοηθικής της Ιατρικής Σχολής του Αριστοτελείου Πανεπιστημίου Θεσσαλονίκης, με αριθμό πρωτοκόλλου 6528, ημερομηνία έγκρισης 14.06.2022. Οι μεταβλητές που εξετάστηκαν ήταν παράγοντες που μπορούν να επηρεάσουν το ιατρικό και νοσηλευτικό προσωπικό και να οδηγήσουν σε εξάντληση, δημογραφικά δεδομένα και λοιπά στοιχεία διαταραχής εξάντλησης. Οι έλεγχοι που πραγματοποιήθηκαν με την χρήση του SPSS 20, αφορούσαν σε περιγραφική στατιστική, σταθμισμένους μέσους όρους, παλινδρομήσεις και δοκιμές ANOVA. Τα ευρήματα έδειξαν πως η πανδημία αύξησε τον κίνδυνο της επαγγελματικής εξουθένωσης στο εργατικό δυναμικό και επηρέασε την υγεία αλλά και την ποιότητας παροχής υπηρεσίας, Burnout is considered a syndrome of emotional exhaustion, accompanied by the lack of personal pleasure and development of the individual. It is a syndrome that is easy for doctors and nurses to experience, as their working hours and the pressure they receive within their work context are quite high. This often has negative effects on both patients and professionals themselves, reducing their work performance and intensifying the emergence of psycho-emotional difficulties. When the COVID-19 pandemic appeared, the workload for healthcare professionals increased considerably. The purpose of the research is to determine the levels of professional burnout among doctors and nurses combined with the ways that socio-demographic criteria can affect the level of burnout. It is also relevant to understand the impact of the pandemic on the burnout of health professionals while it lasts. The sample of the study is the health professionals at the General Hospital - Health Center in Kymi. For the study, the Maslach Burnout Inventory (MBI) was used. Participants completed questionnaires anonymously and voluntarily for the purposes of this study. Informed consent letters describing the purpose and objectives of the study were attached to the questionnaire to participants to ensure anonymity and protect personal data. The study was approved by the Scientific Council of the General Hospital-Health Center of Istiaia and Volos and the Bioethics Committee of the School of Medicine of the Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, with protocol number 6528, date of approval 14.06.2022. Variables examined were factors that can influence medical and nursing staff and lead to burnout, demographics, and other elements of burnout disorder. The tests carried out using SPSS 20, related to descriptive statistics, weighted averages, regressions and ANOVA tests. The findings showed that the pandemic increased the risk of burnout in the workforce and affected health as well as the quality of service provision

Objective: To analyze the results of scientific research on the influence of COVID-19 on college students, identifying the mental disorders acquired both during and after the pandemic and verifying the effects of professional psychological monitoring during this pandemic period, aiming at emotional, physical, and social well-being. Methodology: To carry out this research, an integrative review was carried out. The inclusion criteria established to select the articles were to have been published in the period 2019 to 2022; available in Portuguese, English and Spanish with full text. The survey of information was conducted in the SciElO; Google Academic; LILACS; PePSIC; MedLine databases; using Boolean AND or OR with the descriptors "impacts of the pandemic", "COVID-19", "students", "college students" and "mental health" to conduct the search. Results: Twenty articles were used to construct this study, in which it was possible to observe a high index of depression, anxiety, substance abuse and increased stress due to the pandemic. Final considerations: The damage that social isolation and remote classes caused to college students during and after the COVID-19 pandemic was perceptible. In the face of the pandemic scenario, students stood out as a vulnerable audience to the emergence of mental disorders, which allow the appearance of cognitive impairments, consequently affecting the development of learning. Therefore, it is evident that higher education institutions need to promote pedagogical and psychological actions that help and guide students in this stage of educational changes, in a way that ensures the maintenance of the psychosocial well-being of these students. Objetivo: analizar los resultados de investigaciones científicas sobre la influencia del COVID-19 en estudiantes universitarios, identificando los trastornos mentales adquiridos tanto durante como después de la pandemia y verificando los efectos del acompañamiento profesional psicológico durante este período pandémico, teniendo en cuenta el bienestar emocional, físico y social. Metodología: Para la realización de la presente investigación se ha llevado a cabo una revisión integradora. Se han establecido criterios de inclusión para seleccionar los artículos que se publicarán en el período de 2019 a 2022; están disponibles en portugués, inglés y español con texto completo. El levantamiento de información fue realizado en las bases de datos SciElO; Google Académico; LILACS; PePSIC; MedLine; utilizando booleanas AND u OR con los descriptores "impactos de la pandemia", "COVID-19", "estudiantes", "estudiantes universitarios" y "salud mental" para realizar la búsqueda. Resultados: Se utilizaron veinte artículos para construir este estudio, en el que se pudo observar un alto índice de depresión, ansiedad, abuso de sustancias y aumento del estrés debido a la pandemia. Consideraciones finales: El daño que el aislamiento social y las clases a distancia causaron a los estudiantes universitarios durante y después de la pandemia de COVID-19 fue perceptible. Ante el escenario pandémico, los estudiantes se destacaron como un público vulnerable a la aparición de trastornos mentales, que permiten la aparición de alteraciones cognitivas, afectando consecuentemente el desarrollo del aprendizaje. Por lo tanto, es evidente la necesidad de que las instituciones de Enseñanza Superior promuevan acciones pedagógicas y psicológicas, que ayuden y orienten a los alumnos en esta etapa de cambios en la educación, de forma a garantizar el mantenimiento del bienestar psicosocial de estos alumnos. Objetivo: analisar os resultados de pesquisas científicas sobre a influência do COVID-19 em estudantes universitários, identificando os transtornos mentais adquiridos tanto durante quanto após a pandemia e verificando os efeitos do acompanhamento profissional psicológico durante esse período pandêmico, visando o bem estar emocional, físico e social. Metodologia: Para realização da presente pesquisa foi feita uma revisão integrativa. Teve como critérios de inclusão estabelecidos para selecionar os artigos terem sido publicados no período de 2019 a 2022; disponíveis em linguagem portuguesa, inglesa e espanhola com texto completo. O levantamento de informações foi realizado nas bases de dados SciElO; Google Acadêmico; LILACS; PePSIC; MedLine; usando booleanos AND ou OR com os descritores “impactos da pandemia”, “COVID-19”, “estudantes”, “universitários” e “saúde mental” para a realização da pesquisa. Resultados: Foram utilizados para a construção deste estudo 20 artigos, em que foi possível observar um alto índice de depressão, ansiedade, abuso de substâncias e aumento do estresse devido a pandemia. Considerações finais: Ficou perceptível os danos que o isolamento social e as aulas remotas ocasionaram aos estudantes universitários durante e após a pandemia da COVID-19. Diante do cenário pandêmico, os discentes se destacaram como um público vulnerável ao surgimento de transtornos mentais, que permitem o aparecimento de prejuízos cognitivos, afetando consequentemente o desenvolvimento da aprendizagem. Portanto, é evidente que as instituições de Ensino Superior precisam promover ações pedagógicas e psicológicas, que auxiliem e orientem os alunos nessa etapa de mudanças do ensino, de maneira que assegure a manutenção do bem-estar psicossocial desses estudantes.

The pandemic of the new coronavirus, among so many aspects, has restricted access to schools, as a coping measure to reduce contagion. Thus, this article aimed to promote a dialogue on the impacts of COVID-19 on education, in the year 2020, having as its main focus an analysis of the challenges and legal strategies (at the federal level) to guarantee the right to learning and its consequences in the midst of actions undertaken during the pandemic. It is a documentary research carried out from the analysis of the educational legislation proposed to meet the pandemic scenario and the current scientific publications. The results showed that the Brazilian educational legislation directed the adoption of strategies to guarantee the right to learning through remote education and those, added to the experienced situation, reinforced the picture of social inequality in the country., A pandemia do novo coronavírus restringiu, entre tantos aspectos, o acesso às escolas, como medida de enfrentamento para redução do contágio. Dessa forma, este artigo objetivou promover um diálogo sobre os impactos da COVID-19 na educação no ano de 2020, tendo como foco principal uma análise acerca dos desafios e as estratégias legais (em âmbito federal) para garantir o direito à aprendizagem e suas consequências em meio às ações empreendidas durante a pandemia. Trata-se de uma pesquisa documental realizada a partir da análise das legislações educacionais propostas para atender o cenário pandêmico e publicações científicas atuais. Os resultados apontaram que a legislação educacional brasileira direcionou a adoção de estratégias para garantir o direito à aprendizagem através do ensino remoto e que estas, somadas à situação vivenciada, reforçaram o quadro de desigualdade social no país., La pandemia del nuevo coronavírus ha restringido, entre tantos aspectos, el acceso a las escuelas, como medida de enfrentamiento para reducir el contagio. Así, este artículo tuvo como objetivo promover un diálogo sobre los impactos de la COVID-19 en la educación, en el año de 2020, teniendo como foco principal un análisis sobre los desafíos y las estrategias legales (en ámbito federal) para garantizar el derecho al aprendizaje y sus consecuencias en medio a las acciones emprendidas durante la pandemia. Se trata de una investigación documental realizada a partir del análisis de las legislaciones educativas propuestas para atender el escenario pandémico y publicaciones científicas actuales. Los resultados mostraron que la legislación educativa brasileña direccionó la adopción de estrategias para garantizar el derecho al aprendizaje a través de la enseñanza remota y que estas, sumadas a la situación vivida, reforzaran el cuadro de desigualdad social en el país.

Natural disasters and epidemics have greatly affected human life throughout history. The last of these epidemics was named as the Covid 19 pandemic by the World Health Organization (WHO). The Covid 19 pandemic has affected Turkey as well as the whole world.. The field of social assistance has also been affected by the Covid 19 pandemic. In this study, the thoughts of the personnel working in the field of social assistance in Turkey regarding the pandemic process were tried to be discussed with the conducted surveys. The data obtained by using descriptive statistics such as percentage and frequency through the SPSS 22 program were analyzed and interpreted. A total of 367 people working in Social Assistance and Solidarity Foundations participated in the study. One-third of the participants were diagnosed with covid 19. Among the prominent findings of the study; It can be said that the pandemic has negatively affected professional communication, Turkey’s Integrated Social Assistance System is effective in the pandemic process, more information is received from the headman in cases where household inspection cannot be carried out, and cash aid is most needed., Doğal felaketler, salgınlar tarih boyunca insan hayatını çok etkilemiştir. Bu salgınların en sonuncussunu Dünya Sağlık Örgütü (DSÖ), covid 19 pandemisi olarak isimlendirmiştir. Covid 19 pandemisi tüm dünyayı etkilediği gibi Türkiye’yi de etkili olmuştur. Türkiye’de etkilenen alanlardan biri ise sosyal yardım alanıdır. Bu çalışmada, sosyal yardım alanında çalışan personelin pandemi sürecine ilişkin düşünceleri ele alınmaya çalışılmıştır. Bu amaç doğrultusunda, Sosyal Yardımlaşma ve Dayanışma Vakıflarında çalışanlara bir anket uygulanmıştır. Anketler aracılığıyla toplanan araştırma verileri, SPSS 22 programı kullanılarak yüzde (%) ve frekans gibi tanımlayıcı istatistikler ile analiz edilerek yorumlanmıştır. Çalışmaya Sosyal Yardımlaşma ve Dayanışma Vakıflarında görev yapan 367 kişi katılmıştır. Katılımcıların 3’te 1’i covid 19 tanısı almıştır. Pandeminin mesleki iletişimi olumsuz etkilediği, Bütünleşik Sosyal Yardım Bilgi Sisteminin pandemi sürecinde etkili olduğu, hane incelemesi gerçekleştirilemediği durumlarda daha çok muhtardan bilgi alındığı, en çok nakdi yardımlara ihtiyaç duyulduğu çalışmanın bulguları arasındadır.

Latar belakang: Pandemi COVID-19 memiliki dampak bagi tenaga kesehatan sebagai garda terdepan penangggulangan angka kesakitan dan kematian. Hal ini berpengaruh terhadap pola kerja dan tingkat stress sebagai risiko psikososial tenaga kesehatan. Tujuan penelitian ini untuk menganalisis faktor yang berhubungan dengan stres sebagai risiko psikososial pada tenaga kesehatan di masa pandemic COVID-19. Metode: Studi ini menggunakan desain tinjauan sistematis dengan metode PRISMA (Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews & Meta Analyses). Dalam melakukan pencarian informasi dan data menggunakan database yang berasal dari PubMed, proquest, science direct, elsevier dan sage journals. Kata kunci yang digunakan mengolaborasikan associated factors, influencing factors, perceived , stres, mental health, healthcare workers, outbreak, pandemic, COVID-19. Hasil: Faktor yang berhubungan dengan stres pada tenaga kesehatan di masa pandemic diantaranya usia, jenis kelamin, profesi, status pernikahan, pengalaman kerja, dan alat pelindung diri (APD). Kesimpulan: Faktor-faktor tersebut harus dipertimbangkan untuk meminimalisir terjadinya error maupun keluhan psikologis dalam bekerja dalam manajerial stres sebagai risiko psikososial pada tenaga kesehatan di masa pandemi.