Search

Human well-being is one of the main goals of sustainable development (SDG 3 and SDG 11). Urban green zones are always presented in all global well-being rankings of the cities. The development of new forms of urban green zones is stimulated by such challenges as urban health and the deficit of urban territory. Sensory gardens are one of the innovative forms of urban green zones. They implement intensive and concentrative interaction of citizens with nature, positively influencing objective and subjective human well-being. In the first part of the research, we analyzed the history of the evolution of the concept of a sensory garden from its mono-sensory to multi-sensory form using the bibliographic analysis. The results of the analyses of scientific publications were confirmed by the results of a survey presented in the second part of the research. The survey was conducted in Moscow, Saint-Petersburg, and Yekaterinburg, where 215 citizens spoke about the sensory garden. The research results confirm that the sensory gardens are a prospective form of urban green zones for citizens, and they are interested in the development of its multisensory concept. According to survey results, the zones of smells and colors in the sensory garden were the most attractive for the respondents. The respondents agreed that the main function of sensory gardens is anti-stress therapy for adults.

Well-being is an important value for people’s lives, and it could be considered as an index of societal progress. Researchers have suggested two main approaches for the overall measurement of well-being, the objective and the subjective well-being. Both approaches, as well as their relevant dimensions, have been traditionally captured with surveys. During the last decades, new data sources have been suggested as an alternative or complement to traditional data. This paper aims to present the theoretical background of well-being, by distinguishing between objective and subjective approaches, their relevant dimensions, the new data sources used for their measurement and relevant studies. We also intend to shed light on still barely unexplored dimensions and data sources that could potentially contribute as a key for public policing and social development.

This study investigates the possible causal relationship between buffer stock operations in Ghanaian agriculture and the well-being of smallholder farmers in a developing world setting. We analyze the differences in the objective and subjective well-being of smallholder farmers who do or do not participate in a buffer stock price stabilization policy initiative, using self-reported assessments of 507 farmers. We adopt a two-stage least square instrumental variable estimation to account for possible endogeneity. Our results provide evidence that participation in buffer stock operations improves the objective and subjective well-being of smallholder farmers by 20% and 15%, respectively. Also, with estimated coefficient of 1.033, we find a significant and robust relationship between objective well-being and subjective well-being among smallholder farmers. This relationship implies that improving objective well-being enhances the subjective well-being of the farmers. We also find that the activities of intermediaries decrease both the objective and subjective well-being of farmers. This study demonstrates that economic, social, and environmental aspects of agricultural life could constitute priorities for public policy in improving well-being, given their strong correlation with the well-being of farmers. Based on the results of this study, we provide a better understanding, which may aid policy-makers, that public buffer stockholding operations policy is a viable tool for improving the well-being of smallholder farmers in a developing country.

As an important driving force for economic development and social progress, women have become an important subject of well-being research. Human well-being is the state of physical and mental health as well as material affluence and includes a variety of factors, such as wealth, education, health, safety, amenities, way of life, and happiness. Based on the established research framework of the Women’s Development Index (WDI) in Northwest China, this paper first measured the objective well-being level of women in Shaanxi, Gansu, Qinghai, Ningxia, and Xinjiang from 2003 to 2020 under the influence of ecological factors. In addition, spatial disaggregation and comparative analyses of the spatial imbalance of women’s well-being in Northwest China were carried out using the Theil index and Dagum Gini coefficient. The results show that (1) the WDI in ecologically vulnerable areas in Northwest China increased from 0.525 in 2003 to 0.690 in 2020, indicating an overall increase in well-being. (2) The WDI in the five provinces gradually increased with fluctuations. Among them, Shaanxi always remained in first place in terms of the WDI. (3) From 2003 to 2020, the spatial imbalance of women’s well-being as measured according to the WDI in Northwest China first increased and then decreased. However, the gap in women’s well-being in Northwest China was smaller than the economic gap. (4) From 2003 to 2020, the well-being gap measured by the WDI among the 10 groups of provinces in Northwest China gradually decreased, and the development gap between the provinces and Shaanxi was the largest.

Leseprobe ----- Abstract This paper presents a broad outline of intellectual developments in child well-being research. Four intellectual currents are identified, the ‘objective’, ‘subjective’, ‘standpoint’ and ‘praxeological’ approaches. The narrative developed emphasises the role that critical contests over epistemological, ontological and methodological issues serve for developments in research. Drawing upon the various approaches identified, the paper concludes by discussing well-being in terms of social integration and system integration, advancing a concept of well-being that is nether relativist nor culturally monopolizing. Keywords: child well-being research, objective well-being, subjective well-being, standpoint theory, praxeology, methodology ----- Von ,objektiven‘ zu praxeologischen Ansatzen: Eine Darstellung von Verschiebungen in der Wohlergehensforschung zu Kindern. Zusammenfassung Der Artikel gibt einen Uberblick uber intellektuelle Entwicklungen im Bereich der Wohlergehensforschung zu Kindern. Es werden folgende vier intellektueller Stromungen identifiziert: ‚objektive‘, ‚subjektive‘, ‚standpunkttheoretische‘ sowie ‚praxeologische‘ Ansatze. Betont wird in der Darstellung die Rolle, die kritische Auseinandersetzungen uber epistemologische, ontologische und methodische Fragen als Motor fur diese Entwicklung im Forschungsbereich spielen. Ausgehend von den verschiedenen identifizierten Ansatzen diskutiert der Beitrag abschliesend ein Verstandnis von Wohlergehen im Sinne sozialer Integration und Teilhabe und leistet damit einen Beitrag zu einem Konzept von Wohlergehen, das weder relativistisch noch kulturell monopolisierend ist. Schlagworter: Wohlergehen von Kindern, objektives Wohlergehen, subjektives Wohlergehen, Standpunktheorie, Praxeologie, Methodologie ----- Bibliographie: Fattore, Tobia: From Object to Praxis: A Narrative of Shifts in Child Well-Being Research, Diskurs Kindheits- und Jugendforschung / Discourse. Journal of Childhood and Adolescence Research, 2-2020, S. 147-159. https://doi.org/10.3224/diskurs.v15i2.03

文部科学省私立大学戦略的研究基盤形成支援事業(平成26年度～平成30年度), 本論の目的は,社会学者ゲオルク・ジンメルの幸福についての論文を簡素に要約し,その理論をソーシャル・ウェルビーイング調査結果のなかに位置づけることである.まずジンメルおよびカントの幸福論は,幸福/道徳は一致しないことを前提にしており,この点で,幸福=道徳は一致するとするアダム・スミスの幸福論とは異なる流れのなかに位置づけられるものであることを指摘する.次に両者の幸福論の違いは,哲学的・理論的な前提からではなく,当時の研究者が置かれていた社会状況から導出されるものであることを指摘し,専修大学ソーシャル・ウェルビーイング研究センターが行った「ライフスタイルと価値観に関する国際比較調査」から日本と韓国の調査結果を参照・比較し,それぞれの社会がジンメル型とスミス型のどちらに近いものであるかを検証する.その結果,日本社会は個人の幸福が全体の幸福と一致しづらく,ジンメル型の理論モデルに比較的適合しているのに対して,韓国社会は日本と比べると,個人の幸福と全体の幸福が一致しやすく,スミス型の理論モデルに適合しやすいことがわかった., This paper summarizes Georg Simmel's article, "Kant's Teaching about Duty and Happiness" (Die Lehre Kants von Pflicht und Glück), and applies his theory to results of the Social Well-Being Survey.The happiness theories of Kant and Simmel suppose a conflict between happiness and moral. They contrast strongly with the theory of Adam Smith who believes a harmony between them. Such difference is occurred not only in their philosophical backgrounds, but also in their social milieus, as Simmel suggested.Based on his view, we test the effects of both private and public factors on individual well-being from the survey results of Japan and South Korea, using OLS regression. The analysis showed that in Japan private factors have a stronger effect on happiness than public ones, while in South Korea difference between them is relatively smaller than in Japan. This result suggests that Japanese society is in accordance with Simmel's model of happiness and South Korean society is matching with Smith's model.

Background. Neuropsychology is a science with its own specific concepts, terms, and methods of analysis of disturbances in psychological development. One of the essential concepts of neuropsychological methodology, according to A.R. Luria, is that of a neuropsychological syndrome, which takes into account both the functional organization of the brain and the behavioral system. However, this concept isn’t mentioned in the majority of his publications, and thus is not well known by neuropsychologists. There is no clear understanding of this concept within the works of modern neuropsychologists. This omission has a strong influence on the way analysis and interpretation of developmental difficulties is carried out today. Objective. The objective of this study is to present an example of the successful application of qualitative syndromic analysis to the case of a Mexican preschool child with developmental problems and learning disabilities. Design. The clinical analysis was applied to the case of a 6 year old girl with learning disabilities, whose difficulties had been attributed primarily to a low level of general brain activation. Results. The authors assert that the advantages of A.R. Luria’s syndromic approach to clinical cases of difficulties in development and learning disabilities, are that it opens up the potential for finding the general causes on different levels: neuronal maturation, brain mechanisms, activity and personality. Conclusion. The authors conclude that the topic of syndromic analysis in child neuropsychology requires further scientific discussion. The necessity for revising levels of analysis of clinical cases should be taken in account.

Ovaj diplomski rad se bavi objektivnim i subjektivnim blagostanjem u Europskoj uniji. Cilj nam je bio usporediti različite tipove socijalne države prema objektivnim i subjektivnim pokazateljima blagostanja kako bismo dobili sliku o kvaliteti života i sreći europskih građana. Radi bolje usporedbe odabrali smo sljedeće države članice Europske unije: Dansku, Austriju, Irsku, Grčku, Češku i Hrvatsku. Objektivno blagostanje u navedenim zemljama prikazano je preko BDP-a, stope nezaposlenosti, stope siromaštva i Indeksa ljudskog razvoja kao najpopularnije alternativne mjere blagostanja. Pojam subjektivnog blagostanja objašnjen je kroz psihološki i ekonomski aspekt. Predstavljeni su rezultati određenih istraživanja sreće i kvalitete života. Kroz ovaj rad potvrdili smo da su građani ekonomski i socijalno razvijenijih zemalja sretniji i zadovoljniji životom. Na kraju smo utvrdili značajnu povezanost određenih objektivnih i subjektivnih pokazatelja., This graduate thesis deals with objective and subjective well-being in the European Union. Our goal was to compare different types of welfare state with objective and subjective indicators of well-being in order to get a picture of the quality of life and happiness of European citizens. For better comparisons, we have selected the following EU Member States: Denmark, Austria, Ireland, Greece, Czech Republic and Croatia. Objective prosperity in these countries is shown by GDP, unemployment rate, poverty rate and the Human Development Index as the most popular alternative welfare measure. The concept of subjective well-being is explained through the psychological and economic aspect. The results of certain researches of happiness and the quality of life are presented. Through this work we have confirmed that citizens of economically and socially developed countries are happier and more satisfied with life. In the end, we have identified a significant link between certain objective and subjective indicators.

Number of female-headed families tended to increase in Indonesia. The new family structures with maternal functions simultaneously as head of the family led to various adjustments, especially to maintain the family welfare. This research was aimed to analyze social capital, economic coping strategy, and objective well-being of female-headed families. This research held in Bogor District and used cross sectional design. This research involved 53 female-headed families who have been became single-parent since last two years. The families were chosen by snowball sampling and the data was obtained by interview using questionnaire. The result showed that more than half of female-headed families had income over the poverty line. Analysis of logistic regression discovered female-headed’s age had significant chance to have positive influence on family objective well-being. Family objective well-being was influenced by social capital variable particularly in dimension of trust and social network. This research estimated that decreasing of cutting back expenses strategy will give higher chance to identify family to be more prosperous objectively.

Program of Women’s Movement for Home garden Optimization (GPOP) was one of the government's efforts to encourage families to manage home garden optimally in order to improve the family well-being. This program was conducted since 2011 by Ministry of Agriculture. The aim of this research was to analyze the well-being of GPOP participant’s family and nonpa rticipant’s family in Depok City, West Java Province; and to analyze the factors that influenced the well-being. This research involved 60 GPOP participants’ family and 60 nonparticipant’s family that chosen by random sampling. Family well-being measured by using objective indicator based on poverty line according to BPS and subjective indicator based on assessment of wive on various aspects of her family well-being. This study found that even families who did not become participants of GPOP had higher achievement of optimization of the home garden than participants. The results showed that most familyies, both participants and nonparticipants, had been prosperous according to the measurement of two indicator, objective and subjectife assessment. However, the level of the family well-being of participants was higher than nonparticipants. Moreover, family’s well -being was affected by the amount of family assets, but it was not influenced by membership of GPOP.

The subject of well-being has always excited human society. Various official and scientific research documents have sought to outline the design and content of well-being, but the specific definition depends on the conceptual approach employed: the process, system, or other aspect. The purpose of this research is to create an integrated, multi-component model that can ensure the continued well-being of modern man. The modern man can be defined with regard to two levels of well-being: internal (subjective) and external (objective). Inner well-being is seen as a human, spiritual well-being associated with one's personal characteristics and features. External well-being develops from the perspective of perception and one's evaluation of human society. Each level consists of four key contextual attributes that together constitute well-being: 1) one's existence in accordance with their natural essence (in harmony with others and the environment); 2) an innate understanding of what is good for oneself, and the presence of the ability and willingness to achieve it; 3) one's the ability to realize their human potential and plan for life; 4) the creation of a society and empowering people to fulfill the above stated positions 1, 2, 3, and increase activity and awareness. Such specification of the category “well-being” gives us an opportunity to distinguish between personal well-being of an individual and social well-being of member of society and state. Only discoursing in the framework of such conceptually comprehensive logic, it is possible to derive the “formula” of the well-being of human and society.