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Introduction. Adolescence is regarded as a formative period for political development. One important developmental context is media. Negative media valence of political content can foster populistic attitudes, which in turn decreases support of political institutions, such as the EU. Because media valence effects are short-lived, this study examined intra-individual associations of media valence with European identity commitment and affect towards the EU, as well as indirect effects via populistic attitudes across 10 days. Methods. We implemented a 10-day daily diary study with 371 adolescents from Germany (January to February 2022). Adolescents were on average 14.24 years old (SD = 0.55) and 60.4% were female. We estimated the hypothesized associations using multilevel structural equation models and dynamic structural equation models. Results. We found significant associations between populistic attitudes and negative affect towards the EU on the same day and the next day. The lagged effect became non-significant, when including both same day and lagged effects into one model. Populistic attitudes were not significantly associated with European identity commitment within days or across days. Negative media content was associated with higher populistic attitudes on the same day and indirectly associated with negative affect towards the EU (b = -0.01, 95% CI [-0.004, -0.010]). Conclusion. Negatively perceived political media content was associated with higher populistic attitudes and more negative affect towards the EU concurrently. Our results imply that media plays an important role for adolescents’ development.

In the context of the COVID-19 pandemic, media exposure is crucial to motivate public action for the combat with COVID-19 pandemic. However, media effects on civic participation intention are understudied. This study applied the Differential Susceptibility to Media effects Model (DSMM) to explore the relations among Wuhan college students’ media use, their pandemic-relevant beliefs, and civic participation intention, with a focus on the possible mediation of pandemic-relevant beliefs. Data of 4355 students from a large-scale cross-sectional survey were analyzed. Results show that traditional media use and online media interaction both directly and indirectly affect civic participation intention via pandemic-relevant beliefs. Pandemic-relevant beliefs distort the relations that direct and indirect effects of new media use on civic participation intention are significant but in opposite directions. The influence of pandemic news on civic participation intention is entirely mediated by pandemic-relevant beliefs. To conclude, during pandemic, the role of traditional media use is unreplaceable in its direct and indirect impact on civic participation intention. Pandemic-relevant beliefs play as a distorter variable. The balance between overexposure and insufficiency of pandemic-relevant news is vital. Online media interaction, as a main trait of new media use, plays a crucial role in civic participation intention, directly and indirectly.

Contains fulltext : 239445.pdf (Publisher’s version ) (Closed access) The formation and maintenance of friendship closeness is an important developmental task in adolescence. To obtain insight in real-time processes that may underly the development of friendship closeness in middle adolescence, this preregistered experience sampling study [ESM] investigated the effects of social media use on friendship closeness. The study was conducted among 387 adolescents (54% girls; Mage = 14.11 years; 96% Dutch) from different educational tracks (44% lower prevocational secondary education, 31% intermediate general secondary education, 26% academic preparatory education). Adolescents reported six times per day for 3 weeks on their Instagram, WhatsApp, and Snapchat use in the previous hour and their momentary experiences of friendship closeness (126 assessments; 34,930 observations). Multilevel analyses revealed positive between-person associations of friendship closeness with general WhatsApp use and Instagram use with close friends. In contrast, at the within-person level, we found small negative overall associations of general WhatsApp use and Instagram use (with and without close friends) with friendship closeness. However, there was large heterogeneity in the person-specific effect sizes of the within-person associations of social media use with friendship closeness. For example, person-specific effect sizes of the association of Instagram use with close friends with friendship closeness ranged from ß = -.745 to ß = .697. These results underline the importance of acknowledging person-specific effects in developmental and media effect theories. 15 p.

Binge watching has risen in popularity, and thus is receiving increasing scholarly attention. Across the limited range of studies that have been conducted, there is a lack of uniform conceptualizat...

The role of mass media, especially television, is pivotal during electioneering as it brings to the society information that relate to the election. By so doing, it successfully shapes the opinions and attitudes of society members towards political candidates and parties. In order to gain an insight into the various roles that the media play during electioneering, the study reviewed various published research studies on the role of the media in setting news agenda. Agenda-setting theory was used to clarify who set the agenda between the media and political parties. The findings from the content analysis of the reviewed literature provided a comprehensive and detailed discourse of media effect on society during electioneering. The study concluded that the more the emphasis on a news item, the more the electorates will regard the issue as significant and consequently act (effect) as directed by the news item. The study recommends non-partisan political news coverage by mass media that give equal chance to political parties.

The presence and distribution of fractures in a fractured rock play a vital role in its stress state and variability. Understanding the stress condition is also one of the most important aspects of rock mechanics and geomechanical studies. In this study, we attempted to determine the influence of fracture distribution and interaction between fractures on the dispersion of stress perturbation by employing a discrete fracture network formulation. To do so, at first, a discrete fracture network was generated using a stochastic approach. Then, under technical stress loading conditions, in two different scenarios, the stress field was computed by a finite difference software. Finally, obtained stress data were analyzed using tensor-based formulations. The results showed that stress perturbation and stress dispersion (which was evaluated using effective variance) were affected by the fracture distribution in two different fracture network models, including the typical and conditional fracture network. The values of effective variance in conditional fracture networks (where there is no connection between the fractures and the fractures have no interaction with each other and are scattered in different parts of the model) is higher than the typical model. This is due to the reason that in the typical model, because of the connection, interaction, and intersection between fractures, the model is a more consolidated fracture network system. Therefore, less dispersion occurs in the stress distribution.

(مقاصد الشريعة الإسلامية والإعلام ) خالد بن عيد بن عواض الجعيد العتيبي . قسم المواد العامة ، کلية الآداب والعلوم الإنسانية ، جامعة الملک عبد العزيز بجدة ، المملکة العربية السعودية . البريد الإلکتروني : Khalid268@gamil.com ملخص : يسعى هذا البحث إلى بيان أهمية مقاصد الشريعة الإسلامية ومنزلتها ليس فقط عند المسلمين ، بل أنها تعتبر بمثابة المشترک الإنساني والقيم الأخلاقية التي يتفق على أهميتها العقلاء من مختلف الديانات والاتجاهات ، لتوافقها مع حاجات الفرد والمجتمع حتى يحيوا حياة سعيدة مطمئنة . کما يظهر هذا البحث الدور الکبير الذي تضطلع به وسائل الإعلام المختلفة في التأثير على حياة الناس اليوم ، ومدى تأثيرها على مقاصد الشريعة الإسلامية والقيم الإنسانية المشترکة ، سواء أکان ذلک التأثير بالسلب أم الإيجاب . إن هذا التأثير الکبير لوسائل الإعلام يجعل من الأهمية بمکان الاستفادة منها في تحقيق مقاصد الشريعة وإيجادها ونشرها والمحافظة عليها عند المسلمين ، أو دعوة غير المسلمين لهذا الدين من خلالها ، أو الاتفاق على ميثاق شرف إعلامي يضبط الممارسات الإعلامية ، لضمان المحافظة على القيم المتضمنة في المقاصد ، وعدم الاعتداء عليها . العمل الإعلامي بمختلف أنواعه ووسائله مندرج تحت الفرض الکفائي الذي يجب على بعض أفراد الأمة أن يقوموا به خير قيام ، کما ينبغي لهم أن يسعوا لتعلم واستخدام أفضل الوسائل فيه . العمل الإعلامي بمختلف فروعه داخل تحت وسائل تحقيق المقاصد ، والتي تتميز بالسعة والمرونة والشمول ، وتختلف باختلاف الظروف والزمان والمکان ، ولذلک ينبغي أن تخضع للتقويم والمراجعة بشکل دائم ومستمر سعيا للوصول لأفضل الوسائل لتحقيق المقاصد . الکلمات المفتاحية: مقاصد ، الشريعة ، الإسلامية ، الإعلام ، القيم الأخلاقية . (Objectives of the Islamic Shari’ah and Media) Khalid bin Eid bin Awad Al-Juaid Al-Otaibi Department of General Subjects, College of Arts and Humanities King Abdulaziz University in Jeddah, Saudi Arabia. E-mail : Khalid268@gamil.com Abstract: This research aims to illustrate the importance of the objectives of the Islamic Shari’ah not just for Muslims, as they are common values that are agreed by all the wise people from all different religions so it meets the need of an individual and society to have a happy safe life. This research also shows the big effect of different media sources on people’s lives and values these days, whether it is a good effect or a bad one. This enormous media effect makes it an important usable way of accomplishing the objectives of Islamic Shari’ah in addition to finding, publishing, and maintaining them for Muslims, or inviting nonmuslims to Islam through them, or agreeing on a media ethics charter that controls media practices to ensure the maintenance of the values included in the objectives and not breaking it. Media work is a must that some of the Islamic society need to work on and learn it in the best way. Media work, in all of its various kinds, is included under the methods of accomplishing the objectives of Islamic Shari’ah, which are characterized by capacity, flexibility, and comprehensiveness, and differ in different places and times; therefore, they need to be under a continuous revision to reach the best ways of accomplishing the objectives. Key words: Objectives, Sharia, Islamic, Media, Moral values.

We propose a theoretical model of magnetic hyperthermia produced by a system of single-domain ferromagnetic particles in elasto-viscous and rigid media. Both mechanisms of the energy absorption, the internal remagnetization of the particles and their rotation under the field action are taken into account. Effects of magnetic interparticle interaction are in focus of our attention. Our analysis shows that the interaction can significantly enhance the heat production. The thermal effects in the elasto-viscous and rigid media are compared.

The literature indicates that media content popular among young users frequently shows biased sexual messages. Different media effect theories (e.g., social cognitive theory and cultivation theory), but also self-effects theories (e.g., self-perception theory) explain how sexually-oriented media interactions may shape and change sexual identities in (young) media users. Specifically, research has documented how media use relates to negative safe sex beliefs and practices, increased sexually permissive attitudes and behaviors, and gender stereotypical attitudes and behaviors. The literature has further suggested four attention points that are key for understanding sexual media effects. First, sexual media effects are dependent on the type of media genre and platform that is consumed. Second, sexual media effects can be explained by underlying (i.e., mediating) processes. Third, sexual media effect relationships can be reciprocal. Fourth and finally, sexual media use can also relate to a positive sexuality. More attention to such positive sexual outcomes is needed.

The wars in Syria, Iraq and Yemen, the crisis in Bahrain and the confrontation with Iran have created an environment of sectarianism in the region. This hostility has challenged the media to deal with the issue of citizenship ( Al-Muwatana) in a responsible manner. This study applies Social Responsibility Theory to shed light on the role of print media in shaping the concept of citizenship in the Arabian Gulf, with reference to states that enjoy full or partial freedom, especially Kuwait and Oman. The results of this study show that Omani newspapers deal with citizenship positively when reporting news from Syria, Bahrain, Iraq, Yemen and Iran despite press censorship, while Kuwaiti print media, with its greater freedom of the press, is more negative on the topic of citizenship.

This review provides an overview of the literature regarding digital technology use and adolescent well-being. Overall, findings imply that the general effects are on the negative end of the spectrum but very small. Effects differ depending on the type of use: whereas procrastination and passive use are related to more negative effects, social and active use are related to more positive effects. Digital technology use has stronger effects on short-term markers of hedonic well-being (eg, negative affect) than long-term measures of eudaimonic well-being (eg, life satisfaction). Although adolescents are more vulnerable, effects are comparable for both adolescents and adults. It appears that both low and excessive use are related to decreased well-being, whereas moderate use is related to increased well-being. The current research still has many limitations: High-quality studies with large-scale samples, objective measures of digital technology use, and experience sampling of well-being are missing. .Esta revisión entrega una panorámica de la literatura acerca del empleo de la tecnología digital y el bienestar de los adolescentes. En general, los resultados traducen que los efectos globales son negativos, aunque muy insignificantes. Los efectos difieren según el tipo de empleo: la procastinación y el empleo pasivo están relacionados con efectos más negativos; en cambio, el empleo social y activo se asocia con efectos más positivos. El empleo de la tecnología digital tiene efectos más potentes en los indicadores de corto plazo del bienestar hedónico (como los afectos negativos) que las mediciones a largo plazo del bienestar eudaimónico (como la satisfacción con la vida). Aunque los adolescentes son más vulnerables, los efectos son comparables para adolescentes y adultos. Parece que tanto el empleo reducido como el excesivo están relacionados con una disminución del bienestar, mientras que el empleo moderado se vincula con un mayor bienestar. La investigación actual todavía tiene muchas limitaciones: faltan estudios de alta calidad con muestras numerosas, mediciones objetivas del empleo de tecnología digital y muestras de experiencia de bienestar.Nous proposons ici une revue de la littérature sur la pratique des technologies numériques et le bien-être de l’adolescent. Les données générales sont en faveur d’un effet négatif mais qui reste négligeable. L’usage définit la nature de l’effet : la procrastination et la passivité sont associées à un effet plus négatif alors qu’une pratique active et tournée vers la socialisation s’associe à un effet plus positif. Les effets sont plus importants sur les marqueurs à court terme du bien-être hédonique (comme les affects négatifs) que sur ceux à long terme du bien-être eudémonique (épanouissement personnel) ; ils sont comparables chez les adultes et les adolescents, même si ces derniers sont plus fragiles. Une utilisation excessive ou à l’inverse insuffisante semble diminuer le bien-être, alors qu’une pratique modérée l’augmenterait. Cependant, la recherche actuelle manque encore d’études de qualité élevée à grande échelle, de mesures objectives de la pratique des technologies numériques et d’expérience d’échantillonnage du bien-être.

The aim of this study is to explore the effects of recent Chinese international propaganda by adopting a conditional process analysis of U.S. and South Korean audiences. Our study yields three majo...

Nowadays, teachers seek to improve learning conditions and build new educational spaces through technological advances. This mixed research aims to analyse students’ perceptions about the use of the collaborative wall in the teaching-learning process for physics, considering data science. The collaborative wall is a web application that allows the participation of the students in the classroom through the dissemination of text and images. The participants are 77 students of the National Preparatory School No. 7 ‘Ezequiel A. Chávez’ who took the course of Physics IV during the 2019 school year. At home, these students searched for and consulted information about the physics of hearing in order to create their infographics collaboratively using the Piktochart software. During the face-to-face sessions, the teacher of the course of Physics IV requested the creation of teams (maximum six members) to carry out the collaborative activities and used the projector to show the collaborative wall. Subsequently, each team uploaded their infographics on the collaborative wall through mobile devices such as tablets and smartphones to initiate the discussion of the Physics of Hearing topics. The results of machine learning (linear regression) indicate that the dissemination of infographics on the collaborative wall positively influences participation in the classroom, students’ motivation, and the learning process about the physics of hearing. Data science identifies three predictive models about using the collaborative wall in physics through the decision tree technique. Finally, the collaborative wall facilitates the active role of the students during the face-to-face sessions, communication in the classroom and realisation of the collaborative activities.

When the Covid-19 pandemic started in March 2020, the educational process had to be redesigned to meet current needs. At the Faculty of Education of the University of Ljubljana, pre-service engineering and technology teachers (3rd and 4th years of undergraduate two-subject teachers’ study programme) are obliged to complete a teaching practice in educational institutions and submit a teaching practice diary. Due to the closure of primary schools, the teaching practice was transformed to distance/online practice. This empirical study examines a recently developed intuitive model for distance learning, which took place during the teaching practice. Teaching practice diaries served as an instrument for gathering data. The sample size encompasses 56 lesson plan activities for the compulsory primary school Design and Technology subject for students aged 12–15 years at 15 primary schools in different parts of Slovenia carried out during online teaching practice by 11 pre-service technology teachers in the 2019/2020 and 2020/2021 academic years. The research methodology is focused on lesson-type determination and model elements analysis in lesson plan making and implementation activity. Distance learning model elements are evaluated with regard to online/offline learning tools from e-learning platforms to engineering education field-specific tools (e.g., technical drawings and electric circuits). Online teaching practice was as new for pre-service technology teachers and teacher-mentors as online learning was new for students. The advantages and disadvantages are highlighted. Furthermore, the distance learning model from the first Covid-19 wave teaching practice was adapted to challenge the second Covid-19 wave. The pandemic has enabled the rise of blended learning, which has been gaining focus in secondary and higher education levels in recent years; however, it encountered obstacles when entering the primary school domain. How to encompass blended learning into the evolved distance learning model will be shown. (DIPF/Orig.)

�� ������������ ������������ �������������� ������������������������ �������������������� ������������ ������ ������������������������������ ���������������������� �������������������������� �� ���������������� ����������������������-�������������������������� �������������� ��������������������������., In the article, the authors share the results of seven years of work on the systematization of the results of using media effects in the practice of a public figure.

This study examines the asymmetric effects of positive and negative changes in media attention to COVID-19 and daily new confirmed COVID-19 cases on China’s stock market volatility by utilizing the nonlinear autoregressive distributed lag (NARDL) model. Empirical results show that media attention has a pronounced effect on China’s stock market volatility and this effect is greater than the direct impact of COVID-19. Finally, several important policy implications arise from these findings.

The article raises the issue of changing the classical paradigm of the vision of journalism as a subject of analysis against the background of the emergence of the latest trends in media activities, in particular brand journalism. Transformation processes are taking place in the mass communication environment, which should be interpreted as factors of significant changes in it. The communikat of mass communication in general and journalism in particular have significantly changed their communication intentions, preferences and communication competence in recent years. This is a serious challenge and the cause of the crisis of identity of journalism as a sphere of mass communication and a reason to talk about changing the classical paradigm of journalism.Brand journalism as a new media phenomenon is reformatting the media environment and should be interpreted through the application of a new approach, which is based on the crisis of describing the object of analysis caused by the crisis of traditional methods of measuring and observing phenomena, processes, actual paradigm shift. science in general and should be implemented in journalism in particular. Industry 4.0 is focused on the rapid search for productive solutions, global integration of capacities, diverse cooperation and extraordinary interaction, and brand journalism in this perspective is seen as a new phenomenon of the mass media environment, that integrates the tools and communication skills of journalism with research and analytical competencies of marketing to provide the latest mass audience with quality content, media effects of which do not contradict the tactical and strategic goals of brand management of aparticular project, that at the same time realizes and realizes his society. Brand journalism has communication intentions: constant high-quality, unbiased, relevant, socially responsible and diverse information service for knowledgeable, aware of a range of issues narrowly focused audience, seeking to communicate on the subject of self-interest and familiar with the company that cares about this media project., В статье проблематизируется вопрос изменения классической парадигмы видения журналистики как предмета анализа на фоне появления новейших тенденций массмедийной деятельности, в частности бренд- журналистики. Бренд-журналистика как новый медиафеномен переформатирует среду массовой коммуникации и должна истолковываться через применение нового подхода в рамках постнеклассической научной парадигмы. Индустрия 4.0 настроена на быстрый поиск продуктивных решений, глобальную интеграцию мощностей, разнородное сотрудничество и неординарное взаимодействие, а бренд-журналистика в таком ракурсе видится как новый феномен массовокоммуникационной среды, интегрирующий инструментарий и коммуникационные навыки журналистики с исследовательско-аналитическими компетентностями маркетинга для обеспечения новейшей массовой аудитории качественным контентом, медиаэффекты которого не противоречат тактическим и стратегическим целям бренд- менеджмента конкретного проекта, осознающего и реализующего свою социетальность. Бренд-журналистика имеет коммуникационные намерения: постоянное, качественное, беспристрастное, актуальное, социально ответственное и разностороннее информационное обслуживание осведомленной, сознательной по определенному кругу вопросов узко ориентированной аудитории, стремящейся к общению о предмете собственного интереса и знающей при этом деятельность компании, которая опекает этот медиапроект., У статті проблематизується питання щодо зміни класичної парадигми бачення журналістики як предмета аналізу на тлі появи новітніх тенденцій масмедійної діяльності, зокрема бренд-журналістики. Бренд-журналістика як новий медіафеномен переформатовує середовище масової комунікації та має тлумачитися через застосування нового підходу, у межах постнекласичної наукової парадигми. Індустрія 4.0 налаштована на швидкий пошук продуктивних рішень, глобальну інтеграцію потужностей, різнорідну співпрацю й неординарну взаємодію, а бренд-журналістика в такому ракурсі бачиться як новий феномен масовокомунікаційного середовища, що інтегрує інструментарій та комунікаційні навички журналістики з дослідницьки-аналітичними компетентностями маркетингу задля забезпечення новітньої масової аудиторії якісним контентом, медіаефекти якого не суперечать тактичним і стратегічним цілям бренд-менеджменту конкретного проєкту, що при цьому усвідомлює й реалізує свою соцієтальність. Бренд-журналістика має комунікаційні наміри: постійне, якісне, неупереджене, актуальне, соціально відповідальне й різностороннє інформаційне обслуговування обізнаної, свідомої щодо певного кола питань, вузько зорієнтованої аудиторії, яка прагне спілкування щодо предмету власного інтересу та знається при цьому на діяльності компанії, що опікується цим медіапроєктом.

Social networking sites (SNSs) have provided a new platform for people to present their narcissism. The objective of the current study was to investigate the underlying mechanisms between active and passive SNS use and vulnerable narcissism among college students. In achieving this, the study based its method on the media effect and social comparative theory and recruited 529 participants to complete the Surveillance Use Scale, Iowa–Netherlands Comparison Orientation Measure, and Hypersensitivity Narcissistic Scale. The results showed that active and passive SNS use were positively related to upward and downward social comparisons. Active and passive SNS use also indirectly predicted vulnerable narcissism through the parallel mediation of upward and downward social comparisons. This study also revealed the vital role of social comparison in the association between SNS use and vulnerable narcissism.

The study examines the use of immersive journalism, journalistic storytelling using Virtual Reality, as a tool to promote knowledge, empathy, and change in views and opinions on the phenomenon of s...

Barrage, also known as "bullet screen," is a new, instantly updated interactive commenting system attached and synchronized with online videos, that has recently become widespread in East Asia. This paper analyses the content and emotion of barrages on the Korean reality show Youth Over Flowers in Iceland. Exploring the effects of the reality show on the audience's cognitive, affective and conative image of Iceland, the paper finds that the young viewer's image of Iceland is consistent with the destination's local tourism characteristics and is related to their travel intentions. The paper also proposes a media effect classification framework to provide a reference for the joint marketing of media and tourism destinations to young viewers. The paper suggests that barrages may help researchers identify the exact moment when viewers are experiencing something in a destination-themed multimedia show, which will further develop the theoretical and practical aspects of tourism destination image.

This contribution provides a critical reflection on the state-of-the-art of cross-national media use and media effect studies. Increasing availability of data sources, advances in theorizing and facilitation of international research collaboration have contributed to an increasing application of cross-national perspectives in communication research. Contingencies of media use and media effects brought about by national media systems or sociopolitical and cultural contexts of media use have become a central tenet of such research. The paper starts out by discussing the need for cross-national comparative perspectives in communication research. It then goes on to review the generally problematic nature of “media use” measurement, in particular in a comparative perspective, followed by an introduction to media systems and information environments as among the central macrolevel concepts in media use and media effect studies. In its core, the contribution reviews multilevel studies examining media use and the impact had by media, most of which stem from the realm of news use and its effects in politics. The article then discusses whether and to what degree these cross-national studies have contributed to further theory building. It concludes by discussing and providing an outlook for the future of comparative communication research.

Cyber vigilantism, in particular crowdsourced vigilantism, is a newly emerging practice whereby people expose misconducts and identify culprits through collaboratively searching and publicizing information using the Internet. This study proposes a theory-oriented framework with which we demonstrate that individuals’ media exposure and perceived social norms may interact and jointly predict their reception of and reactions to the practice. We tested the framework with web survey data of 800 adults in Taiwan. Results showed that the frequency and the ways in which the press covers cyber vigilantism were both directly and indirectly associated with individuals’ acceptance of or resistance to cyber vigilantism. The indirect associations were mediated by individuals’ evaluations and perceived social acceptance of the practice. We suggest that obtaining favorable news coverage is essential for cyber vigilantism to gain acceptance and attract crowds. When modeling or predicting the structure and evolving process of this newly emerging cyber practice, researchers may want to consider the overall media environment, social context, and personal evaluations.

This paper attempts to explain the effect of media on public opinion in the light of "brainwashing" theory. After reviewing the history of the term "brainwashing", the researcher provides detailed illustration of its modern applications especially the techniques used in "destructive cults" to convince their members commit suicidal attacks. Then, the research focuses on the "Nation of Islam" as a famous example of destructive cults to show how the media coverage of this perverted movement had dangerous effects on the public opinion in America that helped create an illusive kind of discourse that researcher refers to as "anti-Islamic Brainwashing discourse" .

Many risk factors have been identified for suicidal behaviors however suicidal contagion and suicide clustering phenomenon have been focused only in recent years. Suicidal contagion has been defined as ‘Werther effect’ which refers to the suicidal attempts of young individuals after exposure to suicides of famous people. Suicide cluster means an unexpected increase in suicidal behaviours at certain periods in certain regions. The suicide of a close friend or exposure to suicide-related contents in the media can be a precipitating factor for suicidal behavior particularly in adolescents and vulnerable individuals. In this case report, an adolescent who attempted suicide 3 weeks after her friend's suicide, will be discussed and the literature related to the suicide contagion and clustering will be reviewed. 19-year-old female patient was admitted to our clinic with complaints of unhappiness, unwillingness, sleep and appetite problems. Her complaints started aproximately 1 month ago after having relational problems with her boyfriend. When she was under treatment in our clinic, her close friend committed suicide. She attempted suicide about 1 month later after the suicide of her friend. Although she had some suicidal risk factors such as the presence of depressive symptoms, history of suicide attempts, she never enounced suicidal ideation in previous sessions. The suicide of her friend was considered as an an important trigger for her suicidal attempt. The aim of this case report is to raise awareness about suicide contagion and to discuss the precautions.

The paper aimed to test the media effect limited theory versus the media non-limited effect theory and to understand the implication and impact of political will through media into a conflict management. Israel and Palestine conflict was used as a case study and a sample of 153 respondents (including 67 from Israel and 86 Palestinians) was collected and the survey questionnaire was administered through online, however, the study participants were extracted through a population of media practitioners based on convenient sampling method. The study finding concluded that the theory limited effect of media is verified. Media are influenced by political leaders in their report during the conflict.

News media helps individuals think about the impacts of hosting the Olympic Games, enabling them to clarify or construct their own opinions toward an Olympic bid. This study aims to unveil the rationale underlying such media influence with the help of agenda setting theory. An experimental study was conducted in both China with 505 respondents and the US with 449 respondents in which media content was manipulated and framed as either positive or negative. The result confirmed the causal relationship between media content and resident attitude change. Although the moderating role of nation on media effect was not supported, it was found that the more initial interest the individual had in the Olympic Games, the more evident the media effect was.

When and how does political persuasion employed by authoritarian regimes influence the attitudes and behavior of domestic and foreign audiences? Focusing on China, this dissertation comprises three essays in which the effectiveness of political persuasion in public education and mass media was examined. The overarching finding is that the Chinese regime's persuasive efforts are more effective among citizens who have familial connections to state patronage, who are predisposed to be regime-friendly, and who hold relatively weak political positions. By contrast, China-related persuasion often has a limited effect, sometimes even backfiring, for people who lack these background characteristics. A wide range of methodological approaches was adopted in this dissertation, including randomized controlled trials, natural experiments, survey research, and qualitative interviews. The findings reveal the potential and limits of the regime's propaganda and indoctrination, showing how persuasion works and among which segment of the population it works best. Despite devoting considerable resources to projecting influence both domestically and abroad, the Chinese government appears to win the hearts and minds of targets only under certain conditions.

There is a long-standing debate about the effects of media-generated stereotypes on receivers&rsquo, trust and attitude. However, there is insufficient consensus about their influence on the media receiver&rsquo, s ecological perspective in determining their extent of trust and attitudes. Drawing an analogy from Differential Susceptibility to Media Effect Model (hereafter DSMM) notion that media effects are conditional and are contingent on differential-susceptibility, this study examines the influence of dispositional and social susceptibility to media. To do so, the study validates the influence of media user&rsquo, s gender (dispositional susceptibility) and ethnicity (social susceptibility) in determining the outcomes of media-generated stereotypes, media trust (MT), and attitude towards media organization (AO). The survey method has been employed to collect data through a self-administered questionnaire from 1061 university students in public sector institutions in Pakistan. The results provide empirical evidence that media-generated stereotypes are a substantially negative predictor of media trust and attitudes towards the media organization. The results also validate that the influence of the stereotyping manifested by the receiver&rsquo, s ecological perspective such as ethnicity and gender are crucial determinants of the receiver&rsquo, s trust and attitudes. Managerially, the study urges that journalistic practices must be more ethnoculturally inclusive, to cope with the contemporary media landscape.

The primary intention behind this study is to assess and compare current studies, aggregate datasets and information from already existing investigations and add own datasets for explaining some effects of popularity and pricing of cryptocurrency on Bitcoin and Ethereum examples. The advantages and disadvantages of using cryptocurrency at the present stage of economic development of Ukraine are considered. The results of the research of the awareness of market participants regarding the disadvantages and advantages of cryptocurrency and the presence of interest in the usage of cryptocurrency in range period from beginning to now are given. The aim of this article is to study the possibilities of using cryptocurrency for economic development. The object of the research is the process of using cryptocurrency in the markets of Ukraine and the whole world. The results of a study of the demand for cryptocurrency in Ukraine. The research was conducted with the result of a questionnaire which were taken from previous investigation and compared with own datasets, and as a result of which it was found out: the level of awareness of cryptocurrency; subjective perception of cryptocurrency; the presence of the potential interest of Ukrainians in the acquisition of cryptocurrency; media effect on people interest; cryptocurrency pricing correlation from people interest; sources of awareness of cryptocurrency. It was found what exactly Ukrainians consider the main disadvantages and advantages of cryptocurrency. Cryptocurrency as a tool of payment and a type of electronic money is found in most countries of the world in the “grey” zone, and regulators, if not forbid, then at least do not recommend citizens to invest in such assets. However, the expertise of Ukrainian blockchain developers allows using cryptocurrency in the Ukrainian markets for the effective implementation of world experience.

Problemstellung:Aufgrund der bestehenden Medieninfrastruktur sowie der zunehmenden öffentlichen Stel-lungsnahmen der Menschen ist der Eindruck gegeben, dass seit den letzten Jahren vermehrt über das Thema „Schönheit“ geschrieben wurde. Das Idealbild einer Frau wird hierbei häufig in den Fokus gerückt und auch in den sozialen Medien durch Influencerinnen und Influencer immer häufiger aufgegriffen. Durch die ständig gegebene Präsenz weiblicher Ideale sehen junge Mädchen in der Pubertät diese als Wunschbild und als Zielvorstellung ihrer selbst.Fragestellung:Aufgrund der geschilderten Problemstellung stellt sich die Frage, welchen Einfluss Social-Media-Influencerinnen und Social-Media-Influencer auf die Schönheitsideale von jungen pu-bertierenden Mädchen haben. Des Weiteren stellen sich die Unterfragen: „Welche theoreti-schen Modelle erläutern bestmöglich die Wirkungsweisen von sozialen Medien?“, „Welche Rolle spielen Influencerinnen und Influencer bei der Beeinflussung von Schönheitsidealen?“ sowie „Warum sprechen Mädchen in der Pubertät besonders stark auf durch soziale Medien vermittelte Schönheitsideale an?“. Methode:Durchgeführt wird eine selektive sowie eine strukturierte Literatursuche mithilfe von Suchbe-griffen und Suchregeln. Die Suche erfolgt über diverse Bibliotheken (FH Joanneum, Karl-Franzens-Universität Graz etc.) und Datenbanken (PubMed, Springer Link, Google Scholar etc.). Die Literatur selbst wird auf interne und externe Validität überprüft, bevor sie in die Ar-beit inkludiert wird. Erfasst wird die verwendete Literatur über eine selbsterstellte Literaturliste.Ergebnisse:Ergebnisse dieser Arbeit zeigen, dass Social-Media-Influencerinnen und Social-Media-Influencer für junge Mädchen als Vorbilder und Orientierungshilfen in der Pubertät fungieren und das Jugendliche aufgrund der körperlichen und psychischen Unsicherheiten in der Pu-bertät und der Identitätsfindung besonders auf die Empfehlungen und Meinungen von In-fluencerinnen und Influencern ansprechbar sind. Diskussion:Social-Media-Influencerinnen und Social-Media-Influencer haben unterschiedliche Einfluss-nahmen auf die Schönheitsideale pubertierender Mädchen. Hierzu zählen Einflüsse im Be-reich der Kosmetik, des Sports sowie der Ernährung und der Nachahmung gewisser Körper-trends. Aber auch Gegentrends, bei denen die Selbstakzeptanz und die Bekämpfung von unrealistischen Schönheitsidealen im Mittelpunkt stehen, sind am Entstehen. Problem statement:Due to the existing media infrastructure as well as the increasing public statements of people, the impression is given that since the last years the topic "beauty" has been increasingly dis-cussed. The ideal image of a woman is often brought into focus and is also increasingly taken up in the social media by influencers. Due to the constant presence of female ideals, young girls in adolescence see them as a desired image and as a goal for themselves.Research question:Based on the problem described above, the question arises as to what influence social media influencers have on the beauty ideals of young pubescent girls. Furthermore, the following questions arise: "Which theoretical models best explain the effects of social media?", "What role do influencers play in influencing beauty ideals?" as well as "Why do girls in puberty re-spond particularly strongly to beauty ideals conveyed through social media? Method:A selective as well as a structured literature search is carried out with the help of search terms and search rules. The search is carried out via various libraries (FH Joanneum, Karl-Franzens-University Graz etc.) and databases (PubMed, Springer Link, Google Scholar etc.). The bibliography itself is checked for internal and external validity before it is included in the paper. The literature used is recorded in a self-generated bibliography.Results:Results of this work show that social media influencers act as role models and guides for young girls during puberty, and that adolescents are particularly responsive to the recom-mendations and opinions of influencers due to the physical and psychological insecurities of puberty and identity formation. Discussion:Social media influencers have different influences on the beauty ideals of pubescent girls. These include influences in the field of cosmetics, sports as well as nutrition and the imitation of certain body trends. But counter-trends that focus on self-acceptance and combating un-realistic beauty ideals are also emerging. eingereicht von: Selina Neuwirth Abweichender Titel laut Übersetzung der Verfasserin/des Verfassers Bachelorarbeit FH JOANNEUM 2021

1 Abstract The thesis titled Partisans perception of controversial topics in online news and influence of hostile media effect is dedicated to a modern phenomenon from the field of media effects and media audience research called hostile media effect. Its theory has been shaping since the mid 80s of the previous century and it is defined as a tendency of polarized partisans to perceive even-handed and balanced media coverage of a controversial topic as biased against their own opinion. With this effect, both polarized groups evaluate unbiased media content as more favorable towards the contrary point of view. Theoretical part includes the history of the phenomenon, its context within development of new digital media and social media, factors that influence its impact and how it affects cognitive processes, therefore why there is a tendency of such perceptions within polarized partisans. The last chapter of theory covers a summary of major studies and their findings. In the research part, I conducted a questionnaire inspired by an American study from 2012 that observes different perceptions of media coverage among partisans in the topic of mandatory children vaccination. This is the first research that confirmed a tendency of hostile media phenomenon on Slovak online population.

The media effect is expected to deliver appropriate information to the people, allowing them to prepare some provisions for the spread of a disease in advance. As discussed in Chap. 4, gargling, wearing a mask, or avoiding crowds to maintain a “social distance” may help to considerably reduce the transmission rate. The effect from such social preventive measures can be enhanced by the media through rumor, information obtained through personal networks, SNS, and, of course, mass media.

The novel coronavirus disease (COVID-19) has become a global pandemic, causing substantial anxiety. One potential factor in the spread of anxiety in response to a pandemic threat is emotion contagion, the finding that emotional experiences can be socially spread through conscious and unconscious pathways. Some individuals are more susceptible to social contagion effects and may be more likely to experience anxiety and other mental health symptoms in response to a pandemic threat. Therefore, we studied the relationship between emotion contagion and mental health symptoms during the COVID-19 pandemic. We administered the Emotion Contagion Scale (ESC) along with a measure of anxiety in response to COVID-19 (modified from a previous scale designed to quantify fear of the Swine Flu outbreak) and secondary outcome measures of depression, anxiety, stress, and obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) symptoms. These measures were completed by a large (n = 603) student sample in the United States. Data were collected in the months of April and May of 2020 when the fear of COVID-19 was widespread. Results revealed that greater susceptibility to emotion contagion was associated with greater concern about the spread of COVID-19, more depression, anxiety, stress, and OCD symptoms. Consumption of media about COVID-19 also predicted anxiety about COVID-19, though results were not moderated by emotion contagion. However, emotion contagion did moderate the relationship between COVID-19-related media consumption and elevated OCD symptoms. Although limited by a cross-sectional design that precludes causal inferences, the present results highlight the need for study of how illness fears may be transmitted socially during a pandemic.

Purpose: This study aims at investigating how digitalisation (in the sense of industry 4.0) has changed the work of farmers and how they experience the changes from more traditional work to digitalised agriculture. It also investigates what knowledge farmers require on digitalised farms and how they acquire it. Dairy farming was used as domain of investigation since it, unlike other industries, has strongly been affected by digitalisation throughout the last years.Method: Exploratory interviews with 10 livestock farmers working on digitalised dairy farms were analysed using qualitative content analysis. A deductive and inductive coding strategy was used. Findings: Farming work has changed from more manual tasks towards symbol manipulation and data processing. Farmers must be able to use computers and other digital devices to retrieve and analyse sensor data that allow them to monitor and control the processes on their farm. For this new kind of work, farmers require elaborated mental models that link traditional farming knowledge with knowledge about digital systems, including a strong understanding of production processes underlying their farm. Learning is mostly based on instructions offered by manufacturers of the new technology as well as informal and non-formal learning modes. Even younger farmers report that digital technology was not sufficiently covered in their (vocational) degrees. In general, farmers emphasises the positive effects of digitalisation both on their working as well as private life. Conclusions: Farmers should be aware of the opportunities as well as the potential drawbacks of the digitalisation of work processes in agriculture. Providers of agricultural education (like vocational schools or training institutes) need to incorporate the knowledge and skills required to work in digitalised environments (e.g., data literacy) in their syllabi. Further studies are required to assess how digitalisation changes farming practices and what knowledge as well as skills linked to these developments are required in the future.

The purpose of this policy communication study was to determine the effect of Mata Najwa's impressions on September 28, 2020, on 17 respondents of CPNS Formation 2019 in Tanah Laut Regency. The focus of the research was determined on the influence of Mata Najwa on the trust of 17 respondents of the 2019 CPNS Formation in Tanah Laut Regency on the performance of the government in dealing with the Corona Virus using the Hypodermic Needle Theory, this theory includes Cognitive Effects, Affective Effects, Behavioral Effects. Policy communication study is a qualitative descriptive study. Data collection was carried out by interview, questionnaire, observation, and documentation. The results of research on 17 2019 CPNS Formation Respondents in Tanah Laut Regency show that there are passive audiences who in different situations can become active audiences. All informants get cognitive effects and affective effects, but on behavioral effects, not all informants experience these effects, but only slightly.

The phenomenal frequency of mob attacks on suspects of varying offenses in Nigeria has ceased to be merely a local concern among justice dispensation stakeholders and within Nigerian communities. Social media is evolving as an instrumental trigger of “jungle justice” and has consequently situated mob justice as a global issue that requires critical academic attention. The essence of this research is to expound on the evolving journalistic functions of social media as projectors of actions and reactions of the mob and extra-judicial activities. The paper examines the social news channel, the nature of the news agents, the contents (mob attacks) and the effects of these contents on the users. (Social) Media Effect theory is employed to establish that there is a relationship between media and mob justice. This relationship is described via the accessibility principle that forms part of the cognitive process model of media effect theory. Netnography is used to obtain information by sending unstructured questions to social media users on online platforms, and the data obtained are qualitatively analyzed. Findings from the research establish that social media is an extension of the street mob and enabler of mob justice.

Efekt trećeg je hipoteza koja pretpostavlja da ljudi različito percipiraju učinak masovnih medija na njih same i na druge ljude. Preciznije, prema toj hipotezi, svi imaju sklonost precjenjivanju medijskog utjecaja na druge ljude i podcjenjivanje istoga kada su u pitanju oni sami. U ovom radu, efekt trećeg istražuje se na primjeru percepcije utjecaja predizbornih sučeljavanja uoči predsjedničkih izbora 2020. godine. Metoda istraživanja bila je on-line anketa, a u istraživanju su sudjelovali samo ispitanici koji su glasali na tim izborima. Osim efekta trećeg, istražuje se i povjerenje pojedinim medijima, ali i procjena njihove pouzdanosti. Rezultati su pokazali postojanje efekta trećeg, ali i različite percepcije o medijima ovisno o tome putem kojih medija se koji ispitanik informirao o sučeljavanjima., The third-person effect is a hypothesis which assumes that people perceive mass media effect differently on themselves and other people. More precisely, according to the hypothesis, everyone has the tendency to overestimate the media effect on other people and underestimate it on themselves. In this paper, the third-person effect is researched on the example of presidential debates held shortly before presidential elections in 2020. The research method was an online survey, and only respondents who voted in these elections participated in the survey. Besides the third-person effect, trust in certain media is researched and so is an evaluation of their reliability. The results confirmed the third-person effect but also highlighted various media perceptions depending on which media the respondent used for informing on the debates.

We simulated the effects of mass media in society using a new theory of opinion dynamics that incorporated both trust and distrust into human relationships. We calculated not only the case where the media works uniformly for the people of society, but also the case of microtargeting where the media works only for those who have weak opinions. We also calculated the mass media effect that drives people to a particular opinion. The network of people is a random network, the coefficient of trust between people is determined by random numbers, and half of human relationships are untrusted.

In this study, we developed a deterministic model for Ebola virus disease. The model uniquely incorporates isolated and non-isolated individuals as well as sexually-infectious individuals. The model is locally asymptotically stable when the reproduction is less than one. We carried out a local sensitivity analysis which shows that the transmission probability, isolation rate, the transition rates from the isolated and non-isolated class can impact the reproduction number. These parameters can be influenced by media coverage; thus we uniquely incorporate into our Ebola model via these parameters the effect of media which encourages infected individuals to seek treatment and remain in treatment facilities. Furthermore, we found that fewer individuals will seek treatment when there is a weak media effect compared to when there is a strong media effect. Our result also shows that as media effect increases the disease burden in the community decreases with a lower epidemic peak which lags behind the epidemic peak from the model without media.

The objective of this research was to evaluate the stress corrosion cracking (SCC) of X-70 micro-alloyed steel in contact with bio-ethanol and E-50 gasohol. Environmental factors, including water (1%, 3% and 5%) and NaCl (10 mg/L and 32 mg/L), as well as two aging treatments were studied. Experimental values were obtained by the Slow Strain Rate Test (SSRT) technique, X-ray fluorescence (XRF), and tensile test according to the information reported in the literature. The results of the SSRT for the SCC determination showed that this steel in these conditions did not show evidence of SCC, which was attributed to the formation of an oxide (Fe2O3) not soluble in ethanol. The oxide layer acts as a protector preventing the formation of pitting, one of the main causes of cracks initiation in SCC.

The current work covers the technological and marketing advantages brought by the application of augmented reality to the tourism cluster for the development of the territorial brand “Made on the Don”. Theoretical part is built on the original theoretical framework formalizing media effect of the AR technology. The article explores key concepts from the works of David Alteide and Robert Snow (1979; 1988), Marshall McLuhan (1964; 1967), Bolter and Grusin (1999), and Lefebvre (1984).

P��dagogische Fachkr��fte werden t��glich Zeuge von nachgespielten, nachgesprochenen oder anderweitig nachinszenierten Medienerfahrungen von Kindern und Jugendlichen. Insbesondere bei negativen, ��ngste oder deviantes Verhalten ausl��senden Medienerlebnissen fehlen meist entsprechende Routinen oder durchg��ngige Konzepte, um diesen angemessen begegnen zu k��nnen. Mit dem sechsstufigen DIAEDI-Modell (1. Dokumentiere deine Beobachtungen! 2. Informiere dich! 3. Analysiere! 4. Evaluiere deine Ergebnisse! 5. Diskutiere deine Ergebnisse! 6. Interveniere angemessen!) m��chten wir diese L��cke f��llen und einen Beitrag zur Bildungspraxis im Bereich ���Kinder und Medien��� liefern. DIAEDI liefert zu jedem der sechs Schritte einen konkreten, in der Praxis erprobten Leitfaden mit zu kl��renden Fragen und Handlungsvorschl��gen. Hierbei werden im Sinne eines ���Think out of the box���-Ansatzes unterschiedliche Perspektiven auf die Situation mit einbezogen: die Sicht der Kinder/Jugendlichen, von Erziehungsberechtigten, Medienp��dagogInnen, unterschiedlichen ���KindheitsexpertInnen��� sowie Mediensucht(-Pr��ventions)-ExpertInnen. Jede Stufe wird anhand eines realen Beispiels anschaulich erl��utert. Das beschriebene Beispiel entstammt dem Bereich der Fr��h- und Elementarp��dagogik, jedoch wurde das entwickelte Modell auf alle zu betreuenden Altersbereiche von Kindern und Jugendlichen getestet und f��r alle Bereiche als sehr hilfreich empfunden. (DIPF/Orig.), Pedagogical staff witness re-enacted or otherwise staged media experiences of children and adolescents almost every day. In the case of negative media experiences that trigger fears or deviant behaviour, there is usually a lack of appropriate routines or end-to-end concepts in order to be able to deal with them appropriately. With the six-step DIAEDI model (1. Document your observations! 2. Inform yourself! 3. Analyse! 4. Evaluate your results! 5. Discuss your results! 6. Intervene appropriately!) we want to fill this gap and contribute to educational practice in the area "children and media". For each of the six steps, DIAEDI provides concrete, tried-and-tested guidelines with questions and suggestions for action to be clarified. In the sense of a ���think out of the box��� approach, different perspectives on the situation are included: the view of children / young people, of parents, media educators, different "childhood experts" and media addiction (prevention) experts. Each stage is clearly illustrated using a real example. The example described is taken from the field of early childhood education, however the model developed was tested for all ages of children and adolescents and was found to be very helpful. (DIPF/Orig.)

We find that the viewership of business television raises the propensity of households to refinance their homes when doing so is financially advantageous. To estimate the effect of business TV, we exploit the staggered entry of Fox Business Network (FBN) into zip-codes across the U.S. Exposure to FBN is associated with a 6.5% increase in local refinancing volume in response to a 100 bps drop in mortgage interest rates. We confirm the media effect on refinancing by using an instrument for TV viewership, which exploits exogenous variation in the channels’ ordinal positions. The media influence is stronger for minority and riskier applicants. Overall, business TV likely raises financial awareness and serves as a nudge against inertia.

Current studies on the media effect fail to reach a consistent conclusion in a global setting. Lacking independence and highly controlled, the media functions differently in China and exerts unexpe...