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Na temelju minimalnih i maksimalnih vrijednosti određenih svojstava brašna za pecivo mase 700 g postavljenih od strane pekarske industrije te rezultata mjerenja parametara kakvoće različitih vrsta brašna na farinografu, ekstenzografu i amilografu, izrađen je matematički model u programu LINGO. Brašno je dobiveno iz 12 različitih kultivara pšenice uzgajanih na Poljoprivrednom institutu u Osijeku. Optimiranjem sastava smjese brašna, pronađena je najjeftinija i najskuplja receptura za izradu peciva mase 700 g uz zadovoljavanje minimalnih zahtjeva i pri uvjetu da svakog kultivara koji čini smjesu mora biti najmanje 1 tona. Iz rezultata može se zaključiti da je moguće zadovoljiti zahtjeve i u slučaju dostupnosti samo jednog kultivara te u slučaju kombinacije kultivara koji imaju vrijednosti određenih parametara kakvoće ispod prosječne u analiziranom skupu podataka. Još jeftinija receptura pronađena je u slučaju izostavljanja uvjeta da svakog kultivara koji čini smjesu mora biti najmanje 1 tona. Pri izračunavanju maksimalne cijene za maksimalno postavljene uvjete smjesu su činila samo dva kultivara, a za minimalnu cijenu u takvom slučaju model nije bio izvediv. Ovakve informacije korisne su za pekarske industrije kako bi sirovina koju nabavljaju bila zadovoljavajuće kakvoće. Based on the minimum and maximum values of specific properties of 700 g of baking flour determined by the bakery industry and the results of measuring quality parameters of different types of flour using a farinograph, extensograph, and amylograph, a mathematical model was created in the LINGO program. The flour obtained from 12 different wheat cultivars grown at the Agricultural Institute in Osijek. Considering the available quantity and type of flour, the model provides solutions. By optimizing the composition of the flour mixture, the cheapest and most expensive recipes for making 700 g of pastry found while satisfying the minimum requirements and ensuring that each cultivar included in the mixture has a minimum quantity of 1 ton. From the results can be concluded that it is possible to meet the requirements even in the case of having only one cultivar available or a combination of cultivars with quality parameter values below the average in the analyzed dataset. An even cheaper recipe found by omitting the condition of having a minimum quantity of 1 ton for each cultivar included in the mixture. When calculating the maximum price for the maximum set conditions, the mixture consisted of only two cultivars, and in such a case, the model was not feasible for finding the minimum cost. Such information is useful for the bakery industry to ensure that the raw materials they procure meet satisfactory quality standards.

Semiotics has complemented linguistics by expanding its scope beyond the phoneme and the sentence to include texts and discourse, and their rhetorical, performative, and ideological functions. It has brought into focus the multimodality of human communication. This article applies semiotic approaches to linguistics and nonverbal productions, social institutions and discourses, embodied cognition and communication, and the new virtual realities that have been ushered in by the Internet. It also is inclusive of publications in relevant domains such as socio-semiotics, evolutionary semiotics, game theory, cultural and literary studies, human-computer interactions, and the challenging new dimensions of human networking afforded by social websites.

Groundwater-monitoring network is a set of boreholes (wells) that is used to monitor the water table fluctuation and to detect groundwater contamination. In this research, the maximal covering location problem (MCLP) method is employed to discretize the area, and the LINGO modeling program is used to optimize the number of boreholes. Tabriz oil refinery at the northwest of Iran with high pollution potential that imposes a serious threat to the beneath multilayered aquifer was chosen to evaluate the feasibility of these techniques in field scale. The location and content of storage tanks, leakage history, groundwater flow direction, contaminated well location and the facilities leakage potential are considered as the weighting factors to calculate the number and location of the optimal wells. As a result of optimization, the initial estimated number of boreholes by the MCLP model for the study area is reduced from 349 to 184. A high density of optimal boreholes is allocated to refining zone and oil storing yard, especially near tanks containing dangerous substances due to their toxicity and potential for contaminating water. A vulnerability zoning map prepared using the analytical hierarchy process method indicates a suitable conformation between locations of the boreholes and the vulnerable areas. HIGHLIGHTS A multicriteria method is introduced to design and optimize the aquifer-monitoring network.; A reliable optimized monitoring network produces by the combination of MCLP and LINGO methods.; The initial number of 349 monitoring wells is optimized to 184 boreholes in an oil refinery.; A vulnerability zoning map prepared by the AHP method shows a suitable conformity with the density of boreholes.

Municipal solid waste (MSW) management is a critical issue in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia (KSA). Management of solid waste in crowded conditions, especially in main cities such as the Al-Taif Province. This paper deals with that case study and focuses on how to solve material handling problems by applying conventional methods and computer ability. One of the costliest operations in the civil sector is transportation for material handling. City mayors considered transportation and materials handling as a subclass of the linear programming technique, thus linear programming problems take into consideration that the main objective is to handle materials from the city centre site to the identified dumping area. There are many methods and tools used to solve the transportation problem (TP) to find out the maximum or minimum in order to reduce cost or maximize profit. The methods related to manual solutions and others used many different computer applications. Manual solutions include the northwest corner method, the minimum cost method, the row minimum cost method, the column minimum cost method, and Vogel's approximation method, and computer applications such as LINGO, Lingo, and solver function using Microsoft Excel. This case study focuses on applying the Microsoft Excel function to find the minimum cost of the transportation system in waste materials to reduce the transportation cost from the city centre to the final destination (dumping area) to be used. The results achieved with the model aided in obtaining optimal solutions and finally, the optimal solutions were checked., Gospodarenje čvrstim komunalnim otpadom kritično je pitanje u Kraljevini Saudijskoj Arabiji (KSA), posebice u uvjetima guste naseljenosti u glavnim gradovima i pokrajinama kao što je Taif. Ovaj rad prikazuje studiju slučaja i usredotočen je na to kako riješiti probleme gospodarenja i manipulacije materijalima primjenom konvencionalnih metoda i informatičkom tehnologijom. Jedan od najskupljih poslova u komunalnome sektoru jest transport materijala. Gradske uprave transport i rukovanje materijalima smatraju potklasom tehnologije linearnoga programiranja, stoga problemi linearnoga programiranja uzimaju u obzir da je glavni cilj rukovanje materijalima od središta grada do identificiranoga odlagališta. Postoje mnoge metode i alati koji se koriste za rješavanje problema transporta (TP) kako bi se saznao maksimum ili minimum u smislu smanjenja troškova ili maksimiziranja profita. Te metode primarno su se odnosile na manualna rješenja, a druge su se koristile mnogim različitim računalnim aplikacijama. Manualna rješenja uključuju metodu sjeverozapadnoga kuta (northwest corner method), metodu minimalnoga troška, metodu minimalnoga troška retka, metodu minimalnoga troška stupca i Vogelovu metodu aproksimacije te računalne aplikacije kao što su LINGO, Lingo i funkciju Solver koja je uključena u Microsoft Excel. Ova studija slučaja usredotočuje se na primjenu Microsoft Excel funkcije za pronalaženje minimalne cijene sustava transporta otpadnoga materijala kako bi se smanjio trošak transporta od centra grada do konačnoga odredišta (odlagalište). Rezultati dobiveni modeliranjem dali su optimalna rješenja koja su na kraju rada i provjerena.

Work is on programing

Masalah pendistribusian produk Camivita Syrup 60 mL terjadi mulai dari pendistribusian bahan kemasan innerbox dari beberapa vendor hingga perusahaan manufaktur yaitu PT Lucas Djaja, produk tersebut diproduksi sesuai dengan kapasitas produksi, kemudian produk didistribusikan dari produsen ke beberapa pusat distribusi. Perbedaan kapasitas dan biaya yang dikeluarkan untuk distribusi dari masing-masing vendor dan menuju setiap pusat distribusi menyebabkan perlunya strategi distribusi yang optimal dan untuk mendapatkan biaya distribusi yang minimal. Metode penelitian ini adalah metode penelitian kuantitatif yang bertujuan untuk merumuskan strategi optimal diperoleh dari masalah transshipment dengan aplikasi LINGO. Hasil pendistribusian barang yang optimal adalah jumlah suplai yang didapat dari CV. Maestro Print adalah 14.400 pcs innerbox, diproduksi oleh PT Lucas Djaja dengan 14.400 produk, dan didistribusikan ke Arta Anugrah Distrindo, Prima Anugrah Mandiri, dan Global Health Pharmaceuitical untuk 7.500, 900 dan 6.000 produk. Biaya yang dihasilkan dari alokasi distribusi tersebut sebesar Rp 1.487.700. Hasil tersebut masih bisa dioptimalkan lagi, karena kapasitas produksinya bisa mencapai 19.668 produk. Kegiatan peningkatan permintaan seperti perbaikan strategi pemasaran dapat dilakukan untuk mendapatkan hasil yang optimal. Kata kunci : Transshipment, distribusi optimal, LINGO ABSTRACT The problem of distributing 60 mL Camivita Syrup products occurs from the distribution of innerbox packaging materials from several vendors to manufacturing companies, namely PT Lucas Djaja, these products are produced according to production capacity, then the products are distributed from producers to several distribution centers. The differences in capacity and costs incurred for distribution from each vendor and towards each distribution center lead to the need for an optimal distribution strategy and to obtain minimal distribution costs. This research method is a quantitative research method that aims to formulate the optimal strategy obtained from the transshipment problem with the LINGO application. The optimal distribution result is the amount of supply obtained from CV. Maestro Print is 14,400 pcs innerbox, produced by PT Lucas Djaja with 14,400 products, and distributed to Arta Anugrah Distrindo, Prima Anugrah Mandiri, and Global Health Pharmaceuitical for 7,500, 900 and 6,000 products. The cost resulting from the distribution allocation amounted to Rp 1,487,700. These results can be optimized again, because the production capacity can reach 19,668 products. Activities to increase demand such as improving marketing strategies can be carried out to obtain optimal results. Keywords : Transshipment, optimal distribution, LINGO

The optimum route for garbage transport vehicles is restricted by vehicle capacity and time windows that the garbage transport vehicle starts at the origin and does not return to the origin. The problem of transporting waste routes is a robust optimization problem where the amount of waste in an area and travel time is uncertain. In the real world, traffic jams and vehicle engine damage can cause delays. This paper proposes the robust counterpart open capacitated vehicle routing problem (denoted by RCOCVRP) with soft time windows model. The aim of RCOCVRP with soft time windows model is to find schedule and optimum route of transporting waste. This model calculation uses LINGO software and GAMS software. Finally for the evaluation of the RCOCVRP model with soft time windows on the proposed waste transportation problem is conducted so that it hasa feasible solution.

This paper is devoted to the unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) mission allocation problem. To solve this problem in a more realistic battlefield environment, an improved mathematical model for UAV mission allocation is proposed. Being different from previous formulations, this model not only considers the difference in the importance of the target but also the constraints of the time window. In addition, an indicator of reconnaissance reward is added to this model. Each target area has a different importance, just as the strategic value of each region is different in combat. In this paper, we randomly generate the value factor for each reconnaissance area. To solve the mathematical model with different operational intentions, a dimensionality reduction process for which the reconnaissance reward is the optimization objective is presented. Finally, based on the improved model, the simulation result with Lingo is compared with that of non-dominated sorting genetic algorithm with elite strategy (NSGA-II) and genetic algorithm (GA) to verify the reliability and the effectiveness of the improved method.

Femtocells in two-tier femto-macro networks can enhance indoor coverage and improve overall network performance. Macro networks may share spectrum with overlaid femtocells so as to improve spectral efficiency. However, the deployment of femtocells also brings co-tier and cross-tier interferences, which will significantly degrade system performance. In order to solve this problem efficiently, we propose a distributed scheme to manage wireless resources in this heterogeneous networks. The feasible solution can be obtained by dividing the problem into two sub-problems. First, we propose a femtocells clustering scheme, which uses a mathematical modeling idea based on LINGO, an optimization software that can solve the joint clustering problem for the femtocell access points (FAPs). The proposed branch-and-bound algorithm and the simplex algorithm are used jointly to find the optimal solution by LINGO. The optimality of the proposed clustering algorithm is verified both theoretically and through simulations where the comparison with other algorithms is made. Second, a novel algorithm is proposed to allocate sub-channels to the femtocell users (FUEs). Compared with other related schemes, the proposed channel-allocation algorithm can reduce the interference more effectively and achieve higher data-rate fairness among FUEs. Specifically, according to the situation that the FUEs move in the room, the FUE mobility model is proposed to predict the change tendency of path loss values of the FUEs, which can guarantee the mobile service quality and improve system capacity effectively. Finally, the power of the FAPs is adjusted dynamically through setting the interference threshold to further improve the performance of the system.

This study is focused on the application of Genetic Algorithm (GA) as an effective tool for modeling the operation of a multi-purpose reservoir with specific emphasis on Jebba Hydropower Dam, Nigeria. The specific objectives are to study the reservoir operation rule; model the reservoir parameters such as inflow, elevation, turbine release, generating head, energy generation, tailrace water level and plant coefficient. Available Data for 27-year period (1984–2011) was obtained from the Dam Station for statistical analysis. MATLab software for GA was used, and for comparison and check, another similar optimization software (LINGO) was utilized. The optimal solution obtained at operating performance of 50% reservoir inflow reliability has total annual energy generation of 42,105.63MWH. GA for the total annual energy generation at operation performance of 95, 90 and 75% reservoir inflow reliability are 15,964.48 MWH, 21,009.53 MWH and 20,798.58 MWH, respectively. The application of GA will lead to a more realistic and reliable optimal value for the improvement of hydroelectric power generation and flood management, which would guide decision makers in the hydropower sector.

This book deals with the digilect (term coined by Ágnes Veszelszki), also known as texting, txt language, SMS language, SMS code, SMS lingo, netlingo, lingo online, twingo (Twitter lingo), text message jargon, txt abbreviations, cyberslang, cyberlingo, cyberspeak, cybertalk, netslang, textese, textspeak (or txt-speak and txt-spk), netspeak, fingered speech, Internet acronyms, etc. It analyses various mechanisms of its composition in English, French, Polish, and briefly in other languages (Germanic, Romance, Slavic, Finno-Ugric) as well as in Greek and Esperanto. Le livre présente le digilecte (terme inventé par Ágnes Veszelszki), autrement appelé langage SMS, langage texto, langage chat, cyberlangage, argot Internet, etc. Il analyse différents mécanismes de le composer en anglais, français et polonais, ainsi que brièvement en d’autres langues (germaniques, romanes, slaves, finno-ougriennes) ainsi qu’en grec et en espéranto.

The handling and utilization of products is an important factor in organization that strive towards and optimal operation, where different methods in the handling of products have a direct effect on the organizations results. This is a case study where a sawmill with a process that is repeated for each new order in the sorting- and packaging of timber. For each scenario, an operator is faced with a decision, where the result of the organization is directly affected by the decision that is made. The decision in question consist of an amount of trays of timber that must be combined in order to meet a constraint in the height of each delivered package. The purpose with this study is to investigate how optimization combined with process mapping can help the organization in maximizing its utilization of products. The study was performed with a mixed methods approach, where a process map was developed to gain understanding of the process. An optimization model was developed and run given collected data. In the process mapping it became clear that for each combination of trays, there is a downgrading in length and/or quality, which affects the total value of the combination. A comparison of the results between the optimization models’ and operators’ solutions showed a theoretical saving of 3 655 435 kr annually, and an increase in product utilization of 3,81 percentage in this process. The results of the study shows that optimization combined with process mapping is effective in the terms of minimizing costs dependent on a decision maker.

Sequential proteolytic cleavages of amyloid-β protein precursor (AβPP) by β-secretase and γ-secretase generate amyloid β (Aβ) peptides, which are thought to contribute to Alzheimer’s disease (AD). Much of this processing occurs in endosomes following endocytosis of AβPP from the plasma membrane. However, this pathogenic mode of processing AβPP may occur in competition with lysosomal degradation of AβPP, a common fate of membrane proteins trafficking through the endosomal system. Following up on published reports that LINGO-1 binds and promotes the amyloidogenic processing of AβPP we have examined the consequences of LINGO-1/AβPP interactions. We report that LINGO-1 and its paralogs, LINGO-2 and LINGO-3, decrease processing of AβPP in the amyloidogenic pathway by promoting lysosomal degradation of AβPP. We also report that LINGO-1 levels are reduced in AD brain, representing a possible pathogenic mechanism stimulating the generation of Aβ peptides in AD. Keywords: APP; AβPP proteolysis; endosome; LINGO; trafficking; Alzheimer’s disease (Published: 9 March 2015) Citation: Pathobiology of Aging & Age-related Diseases 2015, 5 : 25796 - http://dx.doi.org/10.3402/pba.v5.25796

El presente trabajo fin de grado se centra en el desarrollo de modelos de programación lineal para la agrupación de células y la carga de un sistema de fabricación reconfigurable. En la primera parte del mismo se plantearán y resolverán dos modelos matemáticos sobre un sistema teórico con la ayuda de la herramienta LINGO en su versión 9. El primer modelo dará solución al problema de formación de células, minimizando las máquinas ociosas, y el segundo modelo dará solución al problema de carga de las mismas, con el objetivo de minimizar costes, consumo de mano de obra y consumo de energía, y conseguir cierto equilibrio entre máquinas, células y periodos de planificación. Posteriormente se diseñará y ejecutará una simulación con el software ARENA 7.0, donde se evaluarán diferentes escenarios. El fin de dicha simulación será la de completar y validar los resultados obtenidos del problema matemático. Los datos se recopilan del artículo “Cell design and multi-period machine loading in cellular reconfigurable manufacturing systems with alternative routing” (Eguía et al. 2017) Universidad de Sevilla. Grado en Ingeniería de Organización Industrial

espanolEste articulo describe un modelo para analizar el proceso de produccion de una gran empresa internacional de procesamiento de leche, con el principal objetivo de minimizar los costos totales de produccion. La optimizacion del proceso es una tarea importante que debe resolverse en la planificacion estrategica y operativa de cada empresa industrial. La metodologia propuesta visualiza la situacion como un problema de optimizacion de mezcla lineal y el modelo se basa en la metodologia de programacion por metas. El modelo se implemento en una aplicacion de software original que se utiliza actualmente como una herramienta en el proceso de toma de decisiones operativas en la empresa. Este sistema es una aplicacion complementaria de MS Excel escrita en VBA (Visual Basic para Aplicaciones). La experiencia actual de los usuarios con la aplicacion y sus resultados son positivos y la compania esta interesada en seguir desarrollandola. EnglishThe paper presents a model to analyse the production process of a large international milk-processing company, with the main objective of minimizing total production costs. Process optimization is an important task that must be solved during the strategic and operating steps of the company planning. The proposed methodology visualizes the situations as a linear blending optimisation problem and the model is based on goal programming methodology. The model was implemented using an original software application that is currently used in the company as an operational decision making tool. This system is a MS Excel add-in application written in VBA (Visual Basic for Applications). The experience of the users that are currently using the software is positive and the company shows interest to continue using the application.

The bachelor thesis deals with the use of linear programming to find optimal paths for bread delivery of selected bakery. In order to find the optimal solution, Littles method and STORM and LINGO programs are used, which at the end of the thesis are compared with the original solution. By optimizing the routes, the bakery would save CZK 12,947 per year, which is approximately 6.5% of fuel costs in 2016.

Purpose: Nowadays, governments and people pay more attention to use green products due to environmental pollution, irreplaceable energy and shortage of resources. Green products are resulted from the application of green supply chain management strategies to the organizations’ performance strategies, so that we can reduce environmental pollutants and wastes and take a step towards saving energy with limited resources. Design/methodology/approach: In this paper, the effect of reducing energy consumption in green supply chain is examined by using queuing theory and transportation models. Data was generated and solved by a commercial optimization epackage. Findings: The findings indicate that suitable assignment of existing transportation fleet with specified capacity, and using queueing theory in a closed-loop network to reduce the queue length and handle congestion, can cause a reduction in energy consumption by optimizing transportation and waiting times in a green supply chain. Originality/value: Adopting investment strategy in improving the environmental performance of the supply chain, will yield in many advantages and benefits. This article investigates the effect of queuing theory on reducing waiting time and optimizing energy consumption in green supply chain.

The aim of the thesis is to find out how much it would cost millions of people to cover the minimum recommended daily allowance of nutrients using the LINGO mixing task. We select eight basic raw materials as food and we will review the price over a 30-year period, this data being drawn from commodity exchange prices. Then, using the EViews program, we estimate the price for another 5 years. Finally, we will find out how much it would be worth resolving the problem of food scarcity globally and what sums would have to be sacrificed in the past so that nobody died in the famine in this time span.

The problem of internet pricing is a problem that is often a major problem in optimization. In this study, the internet pricing scheme focuses on optimizing the use of bandwidth consumption. This research utilizes modification of cloud model in finding optimal solution in network. Cloud computing is computational model which is like network, server, storage and service that is utilizing internet connection. As ISP's Internet service provider requires appropriate pricing schemes in order to maximize revenue and provide quality of service (Quality on Service) or QoS so as to satisfy internet users or users. The model used will be completed with the help of LINGO software program to get optimal solution and accurate result. Based on the optimal solution obtained from the modification of the cloud model can be utilized ISP to maximize revenue and provide services in accordance with needs and requests.

International audience; System availability optimization is one of the most challenging problems for modern complex systems. Basically, availability can be enhanced by increasing redundant components and the set of available maintenance teams which may lead to a dramatic increase in the overall system cost. In this context, this paper proposes an efficient optimization approach to get the best system design of series k - out - of - n : G system achieving the maximal possible steady system availability. A maximum system cost constraint should not be exceeded. The system cost is assumed composed of components purchase cost and repair cost. Moreover, since dependency is essential for reliability optimization problems, the redundant dependency which is a specific kind of failure dependency is taken into account. To solve the optimization problem, a resolution approach based on Genetic Algorithms (GA) is presented. Finally, a numerical application is carried out. The GA results are compared with the results given by LINGO which is a dedicated optimization software. It is used to validate the efficiency of the proposed approach.

Petroleum refineries have many process units that consume hydrogen.These process units are distributed in different places everywhere in the refinery.In order to feed them, it is necessary to have sources capable of supplying, in amount and quality, the hydrogen that every consuming unit needs.It is also needed to have a distribution network that it is correctly designed and which operation is adjusted in an optimal manner to the changing conditions of the refinery.This involves the minimization of the cost of installation and operation of the hydrogen network.The installation cost is dominated by the amount of pipelines, compressors and purifying units; while the cost of operation is dominated by the amount of fresh hydrogen that the plant consumes.In this work a mathematical model is developed for a hydrogen network,which is adapted to the different information levels available in the different stages of design of that system.The model is currently in use in the YPF Luján de Cuyo refinery (Mendoza, Argentina). In this first part, the basic model is presented; whereas in a second part, the model is enlarged to accommodate the incorporation of purifying units and new compressors. Fil: Tarifa, Enrique Eduardo. Universidad Nacional de Jujuy; Argentina Fil: Vera, Carlos Roman. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Santa Fe. Instituto de Investigaciones en Catálisis y Petroquímica ; Argentina Fil: Domínguez, Samuel Franco. Universidad Nacional de Jujuy; Argentina Fil: Benitez, Leonel Alberto. Universidad Nacional de Salta; Argentina

Background Solid Waste Management (SWM) in metropolises with systematic methods and following environmental issues, is one of the most important subjects in the area of urban management. In this regard, it is regarded as a legal entity so that its activities are not overshadowed by other urban activities. In this paper, a linear mathematical programming model has been designed for integrated SWM. Using Lingo software and required data from Tehran, the proposed model has been applied for Tehran SWM system as a case study. Results To determine the optimal status of the available system for Tehran’s Solid Waste Management System (SWMS), a novel linear programming model is applied. Tehran has 22 municipal regions with 11 transfer stations and 10 processing units. By running of the model, the transfer stations and processing units are decreased to 10 and 6 units, respectively. Conclusions The proposed model is an alternative method for improvement the SWMS by decreasing the transfer stations and processing units.

This diploma thesis deals with logistic processes, distribution and efforts to streamline. One of the ways how to optimize distribution processes is the use of operational research methods. The diploma thesis analyses the situation of the company HOPI Ltd. New solution is designed by using Mayer´s method and program LINGO. The comparison of the current and proposed solution is done at the end of this thesis in order to determine the economic impact on the company.

International audience; Parallel redundancy is a fundamental concept widely used to maximize system reliability/availability. However, any enhancement in the system reliability requires resources which consequently increases the costs. Hence, it is important to optimize the system configuration at the design phase. It is demonstrated that modeling the dependency between system components can be an effective option to improve system reliability in an economic way. But, the resolution of the optimization problem by analytic methods may be difficult and expensive in terms of computational time especially for large scale and complex systems. This paper proposes a rapid and effective approach to optimize the cost of a reparable system with dependent components under the availability constraint. The optimization model is solved using the software tool LINGO and the genetic algorithm (GA). A comparison between LINGO and the GA results is established. The results show the superiority of the GA in term of speed with a small difference in the exactitude of the obtained solutions.

This paper deals with issues of shaping and functioning ofcomputer programs in the modelling and solving of multimoda Itransportation network problems. A methodology of an integrateduse of a programming language for mathematical modellingis defined, as well as spreadsheets for the solving of complexmultimodal transportation network problems. The papercontains a comparison of the partial and integral methods ofsolving multimodal transportation networks. The basic hypothesisset forth in this paper is that the integral method results inbetter multimodal transportation network rationalization effects,whereas a multimodal transportation network modelbased on the integral method, once built, can be used as the basisfor all kinds of transportation problems within multimodaltransport. As opposed to linear transport problems, multimodaltransport network can assume very complex shapes. This papercontains a comparison of the partial and integral approach totransp01tation network solving. In the partial approach, astraightforward model of a transp01tation network, which canbe solved through the use of the Solver computer tool within theExcel spreadsheet inteiface, is quite sufficient. In the solving ofa multimodal transportation problem through the integralmethod, it is necessmy to apply sophisticated mathematicalmodelling programming languages which supp01t the use ofcomplex matrix functions and the processing of a vast amountof variables and limitations. The LINGO programming languageis more abstract than the Excel spreadsheet, and it requiresa certain programming knowledge. The definition andpresentation of a problem logic within Excel, in a manner whichis acceptable to computer software, is an ideal basis for modellingin the LINGO programming language, as well as a fasterand more effective implementation of the mathematical model.This paper provides proof for the fact that it is more rational tosolve the problem of multimodal transportation networks by usingthe integral, rather than the partial method.

En este artículo presentamos una descripción y la aplicación de un algoritmo genético para la búsqueda de caminos entre dos puntos. Las rutas más aptas serán aquellas por donde hay menos obstáculos. En este caso los obstáculos se representarán por colores más oscuros. Los lugares con colores más claros serán los ideales para las rutas. Se plantea el problema a través de un algoritmo genético con cruce de dos puntos y una estrategía de generaciones de punto fijo. La sobrevivencia se define a través de una función de valoración de la adaptación del individuo. Para este ejemplo se hace una aplicación utilizando el lenguaje Lingo para Director.

This bachelor thesis is about the usage of nutritional problem in real life, specifically about creating nutritional plan for professional athletes - basketball players. The main focus is to minimize the costs of the menu for one or five days, in which they will comply with all the nutritional requirements while respecting the exact calories intake (the amount of fat, sugar and protein). We will create four different menus - two for men and two for women. Each one has different requirements for the intake of those nutrients. Another goal for this research is to implement those menus into daily life of those athletes. They can be adjusted depending on the actual needs of each athlete. The perfect solution for all four menu choices can be found with software called LINGO.

This thesis focuses on linking optimization model of mixed linear programming with logistics technologies. To achieve the objective, the thesis is divided into two sections. The first section provides the necessary theory on linear programming and logistics. The second part focuses on the optimization model itself and its connection with the method JIT. This section also describes the application created in MS Excel spreadsheet, which then solves the issue. The application is linked with optimization softwares Lingo and MPL for Windows. The thesis conclusion demonstrates functionality of the application on an illustrative example and the optimization programs are compared based on the observed data. Based on the collected data, we can say that the optimization model is a suitable tool for the optimization of supply chains.

This bachelor thesis deals with an application of linear programming used to reinforce wine distribution in company Vinice-Hnanice, Ltd. It is a matter of multi-circuit transport problem. The aim of this thesis is to construct an optimized distribution network for delivering wine products. For these purposes is to be used Mayer's method, Little's method and program LINGO. The major intent is to improve the state of the current distribution.

This thesis deals with the use of linear programming in the development of nutritional recommendations. The aim of this work is to minimize the cost of food in compliance with the recommended daily intake of nutrients. For this purpose will be created a diet that will meet the recommended daily nutritional intake of nutrients at once and will be the cheapest possible.

The travelling salesman problem is one of the most popular kind of route trip transportation problem. This thesis deals with the solution of traveling salesman problem to minimize distance in kilometres and focus on customer requirements, I am using data from firm CTR s.r.o. In addition to the basic model are also used mathematical model with modification tasks, so it is a model with hard time windows and a model with soft time windows. A practical solution is used in an optimization modeling language in Lingo software. The optimum solution was found for the model the traveling salesman and its modifications. The longest route 40.2 kilometers provides modification with a soft time windows, but gives the most emphasis on customer requirements. The shortest route 24 km is found with using a model the traveling salesman problem, but not considered any customer requirements.

The diploma thesis focuses on tracing in layout by handlers between assembly lines in new plant for corporation Continental Automotive Czech Republic ltd, where boosters are produced. The theoretical part involves definitions of logistics, supply chain, material flow and handling equipment. Furthermore, methods of mathematic programming and software equipment are described, such as quadratic assignment problem, knapsack problem, travelling salesman problem from graph theory. In the practical part the situation in corporation has been analyzed and the data prepared for further examination. Then layout of plant and internal processes are evaluated and an appropriate model or concept of solution is selected. Subsequently, application in MS Excel is created with support of VBA scripts (3 kinds of layouts). The user manipulates with application followed by Solver for implementation of a new solution into practice. Finally, the models are interpreted and verified by Lingo. The focus of the thesis is the design of a layout change of a new plant including the description of tracing.

Bachelor thesis deals with the use of linear programming methods in optimization of separated waste collection. The aim is to optimize collecting routes of company KTS EKOLOGIE s. r. o. In the theoretical part are clarified terms which are commonly used in linear programming. In the practical part there are characteristics of the company current status of the problem. The collecting routes are optimized in the program Lingo. In the end, there is a comparison between present routes and the future ones.

This thesis, "USE OF SYSTEM DYNAMICS TO OPTIMIZE ROUTES OF SOLID WASTE PICK UP IN THE DISTRICT TARAPOTO "; general objective, optimize routes pick ups solid waste in the district of Tarapoto using dynamics systems. Also specific objectives; know the behavior of I gather system solid waste using system dynamics; use system dynamics to model the system solution I gather of solid waste; mathematical models to simulate understand and discuss the results; determining improving routes with Use programming. For the development of the proposed system dynamics was used as methodology, this methodology consists of three phases; conceptualization, presentation or formulation, analysis and evaluation; I obtained in these phases used to predict the behavior of solid waste. From the results obtained in the investigation shows that with the use of system dynamics as a methodology helps to improve the plan collection of solid waste in the district of Tarapoto and programming Linear option is proposed to optimize pick routes Waste Solid district. La presente tesis, “USO DE LA DINÁMICA DE SISTEMAS PARA OPTIMIZAR LAS RUTAS DE RECOJO DE RESIDUOS SÓLIDOS EN EL DISTRITO DE TARAPOTO”; tiene como objetivo general, optimizar las rutas de recojo de residuos sólidos en el distrito de Tarapoto mediante el uso de la dinámica de sistemas. Asimismo tiene como objetivos específicos; conocer el comportamiento del sistema de recojo de residuos sólidos utilizando la dinámica de sistemas; utilizar la dinámica de sistemas para construir modelos de solución al sistema de recojo de residuos sólidos; simular los modelos matemáticos para comprender y discutir los resultados; determinar la mejora de las rutas con el uso programación. Para el desarrollo de la propuesta se utilizó la dinámica de sistemas como metodología, esta metodología consta de tres fases; la conceptualización, presentación o formulación, análisis y evaluación; lo obtenido en estas fases se utilizan para pronosticar el comportamiento de los residuos sólido. De los resultados obtenidos en la investigación se demuestra que con el uso de la dinámica de sistemas como metodología se contribuye a mejorar el plan de recojo de residuos sólidos en el distrito de Tarapoto y con la programación lineal se propone una opción para optimizar las rutas de recojo de residuo sólido del distrito.

Goal programming is an approach for solving decision problems. The aim of this doctoral thesis is to show the practical use of this approach for solving real problems. The first chapter brings a brief introduction to multicriteria decision making. The second chapter is devoted to goal programming, its history, theory, criticism and also to its practical applications. The third chapter deals with description of a model for optimisation of white mass production. This model utilises the goal programming principle to deal with measuring deviations of raw materials' composition. A part of this chapter is a presentation of OPTIPROT, an application that implements the mentioned model. In the fourth chapter there are described three mathematical models for timetabling at a department level; two multistage models and one complex model. All three models are formulated utilising goal programming. In this chapter there is also described an application that implements the complex model for timetabling.

Langerová, M. Optimization of logistic flows in the brewing industry. Diploma the-sis, Brno. Mendel University, 2014. The diploma thesis deals with logistic flows in the brewing industry. The main aim of this thesis is to determine problem fields of logistic processes and evaluation commonly used optimization methods. Then the best method is chosen for optimization in fields warehousing and distribution in brewing companies. Different parts of the logistic flows are described in this thesis -- supplier relationships, production, warehousing, transportation and distribution. Subse-quently logistic flows in brewery Vyškov are analyzed and found problem fields. The transportation and distribution are assessed as unsuitable in this brewery therefore the system of distribution was suggested by using the program LINGO. The example of brewery Vyškov is used for the generalization in the brewing industry.

The aim of the thesis is to create a model of timetable for primary school for all teachers and classes so that the timetable is in compliance with all teaching plans, the conditions of the Ministry of Education, Youth and Sports (general education program), the school's needs and requirements of teachers. The timetable is created for a particular school, ZŠ nám. Svobody in Prague. The first part of the thesis is focused on the theoretical description of methods and procedures for dealing with the problem of timetable. The second part describes the elementary school, for which the timetable is made, it's classes, teachers and conditions of the tuition. It is also formulated and described a mathematical model of the problem that is solved by using the program Lingo.

We use data from a television game show, involving elementary lotteries and substantial prize money, as a natural experiment to measure risk attitudes. We find robust evidence of substantial risk aversion. As an extension, we esimate the various models using transformations of the ‘true’ probabilities to decision weights. The estimated degree of risk aversion increases further, while players tend to overestimate substantially their chances of winning. Constant Relative Risk Aversion (CRRA) and Constant Absolute Risk Aversion (CARA) utility specifications perform approximately equally well, with CARA having the advantage that the players’ decisions do not depend on their initial wealth.

Det är allt vanligare inom tredjepartslogistik att kunder hyr en yta för lagring. För den uthyrande parten, i detta fall Delta Terminal, är arean den begränsande faktorn för hur stor yta som kan hyras ut. Idag använ-der sig Delta Terminal av beslutsunderlag i form av lokalernas area och erfarenhet vart gods ska placeras och har inget hjälpmedel för att beräkna vart och hur mycket gods som kan allokeras för att använda så liten yta som möjligt. Studiens syfte har därför varit att ta fram ett faktabaserat hjälpmedel som kan användas som beslutsunderlag. För att uppnå syftet har en matematisk modell utvecklats för att optimera hur gods kan placeras till olika lokaler för att använda så liten area som möjligt och även kunna simulera förändringar. Modellen testades genom att jämföra den maximala godsvolym som lagrades 2012 mot optimeringsmodellens lösning baserat på samma gods- och lokaldata. De vanligaste godstyperna hos Delta terminal var bulk, storsäck och pall och användes i modellen. För dessa så approximerades den förväntade area- och volymåtgång vilket också gav beslutsfattaren en förväntad volymkapacitet för respektive lokal och gods. Resultatet i den optime-rade lösningen visade att ett av godsen skulle kunna flyttas till en annan lokal vilket skulle innebära att ungefär 25 procent mindre area används jämfört med den area som godsets placering upptar idag. Dessutom innebar den optimerade lösningen att tre lokaler frigjordes. Resultatet från simulering av volymkapaciteten för respektive gods och lokal kan hjälpa till vid en beslutssituation om en viss godsvolym får plats i lokalen eller inte och kan därmed hjälpa till att anpassa lokalens kapaci-tet mot godsets volym. Modellen fungerar teoretiskt och skulle kunna implementeras som ett användbart verktyg för beslutsfattaren i frågor som rör optimering eller simulering av ytorna. Vid en implementering gäller det emellertid att modellen valideras och jämförs mot verkliga utfall. An increasingly common part in third party logistics is that customers rent an area for storage. For the party that leases out the area, in this case Delta Terminal, the area is the limiting factor for the amount of how much can be let out to lease. Today Delta Terminal uses decision sup-port in the form of premises area and experience where goods should be placed and have no means to calculate where and how much goods that can be allocated to use as small space as possible. The purpose of this study was therefore to develop a data based tool that can be used as support in the decision process. To achieve the objective a mathematical model was developed to optimize how freight can be placed at different locations to use as small an area as possible and also be able to simulate changes. The model was tested by comparing the maximum amount of cargo during 2012 against optimization model solution based on the same freight and local data. The most common goods handled at Delta Terminal were bulk, big bags and EUR-pallets and were used in the optimization model. For those goods an approximation of the expected area and volume was made that gave the decision maker an expected volume capacity for each local and goods. The result showed with the optimized solution that one of the goods could be moved to another storage place which would release approximate 25 percent reduction in area compared to where the goods are placed today and also three of the local spaces were released. The result from simulation of the volume capacity of each goods and local can help in a decision situation if a given volume of goods will fit in the local space and thus help to adapt the local capacity against the goods volume. Theoretically the model works and could be implemented as a useful tool for decision-makers on issues related to optimization or simulation of surfaces. However, when implementing the optimization model it is important to validate and compare the model’s result against actual outcomes.

This bachelor thesis deals with the application of mathematical programming in real data application. Specifically, it is nutritional problem that is defined in the environment of school cafeteria. The main topic is a compilation of the school menus. There are four menus that consist of twenty meals. There are many limitations which have to be observed. These limitations are based on the requirements of the Ministry of Health of the Czech Republic. The model is described with the linear programming and is solved by the program LINGO.

Discrete problems of linear programming, i. e. problems with integer or binary variables, have a great amount of real-life applications. Among distribution problems, belong many different kinds of problems with discrete character -- transportation problem, container transportation problem, allocation problem, assignment problem, plant location problem, traveling salesman problem etc. In this work the theoretical aspects of chosen types of problems are explained and then an application in Microsoft Excel 2010 environment is created. For that purpose programming language VBA is the key instrument. The application cooperates with two different optimization systems -- the Solver add-in in Excel and professional optimization system Lingo. Functionality of the application is thereafter tested on some examples.

Diploma thesis deals with the evaluation of the efficiency using DEA models focusing on the use of dedicated software tools. There are four chapters in the thesis where different approaches to efficiency are briefly presented. The method of data envelopment analysis (DEA) with its modifications is described in detail -- basic models, CCR, BCC and additive model. The main part of the work is presented in the second part of this thesis where I describe how to work with each program and summarize its advantages and disadvantages. The last chapter applies prior knowledge on real situation -- the evaluation of the efficiency of the regional police stations in the Czech Republic.

The progress in information and communication technologies, together with scientific pro-gress in economics, statistics and operational research, influenced the rapid development of process understanding, and estimation and prediction of customer demand, in real-time revenue management. The aim of this work was the detailed description of the essential principles to be included in the business strategy in order to maximize revenue. Network revenue management models seek to maximize revenue when customers buy products with multiple sources. This concept was applied to the example of the aviation industry and a computing program was developed which could be generalized to other industries. This used a "hub-and-spoke" network and programs MS Excel, LINGO and VBA. The paper also describes the basic steps of revenue management that are repeated todetail the fore-casts and dynamically perform re-optimization of the required decisions, to specify the complete process in detail.

There are available various professional applications for the solving of optimization problems. This thesis deals with comparison of these optimization systems and simplicity of their connection with MS Excel through VBA. Problem of designing model together with his calculation in MS Excel or other systems connected via VBA, like MPL for Windows or LINGO, is demonstrated on concrete examples. Application in Visual Basic for Applications was created for this purpose. This application is easy to use and it is solving Knapsack Problem, Distribution Problem and also Quadratic Assignment Problem. Finally, comparison of these systems is made using Multi-criteria evaluation.

Die heterogenen musealen Bestände (Text, Bild, gegenständliche Objekte) im Haus der Geschichte der Bundesrepublik Deutschland umfassen derzeit über 365.000 Objektbeschreibungen zeithistorischer Objekte. Auf der Basis des Open Source Indexierungssystems lingo wird eine automatische Indexierung entwickelt, die - aufsetzend auf den existierenden Rahmenbedingungen - normierte Beschreibungsmerkmale generiert und als Indexterme für das Retrieval zur Verfügung stellt. Zielvorstellung ist es, eine einheitliche Suche über die Objektbeschreibungen anhand der sprachlichen und semantischen Vereinheitlichung der Indexterme zu realisieren.

This thesis concerns creation of a dietary plan for a woman during her pregnancy. Its goal is to create a nourishment plan for 7 days with minimal costs along with fulfilling nutritional recommendations. Work also includes some other recommendation pregnant women receive about sustenance. The diet is created and solved using linear programming techniques and calculated with optimization software LINGO. The goal of this thesis is to create a model, whose results are applicable in practice and is going to customizable according to changing needs of the pregnant woman.

The bachelor thesis deals with the Battleship Solitaire puzzle. It introduces the history and the rules of this puzzle, which are thereafter used to formulate the puzzle as an integer programming problem. Two mathematical models based on different approaches are created, a cell-based model and a ship-based model. In order to determine whether a puzzle has a unique solution an objective function is added to each model. Both models are developed in LINGO modeling language and tested with different grid sizes. The test results show that even though the ship-based model uses fewer variables and constraints, it is too demanding in terms of data processing. It results in longer solving times and the model fails to find a solution for larger grids. Solving the problem using the cell-based model is significantly faster. The solution was found even for larger grids, though the solving time was very long.