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Anaemia is considered to be a worldwide disease and it remains to be a topical one. This thesis tries to stress the importance of correct diagnosis of anaemia, without which correct and effective treatment cannot be adjusted. Although the number of people with anaemia is increasing, a large proportion are unaware of their disease, have not been diagnosed with it and therefore do not treat it. To diagnose anaemia is not difficult, however, differential diagnosis is the key to diagnose it correctly. A great contribution to the differential diagnosis is the description of erythrocyte indices that can be used to determine the exact type of anaemia and their subsequent use in differential diagnosis. The main objective of this bachelor thesis, entitled "Morphological Differential Diagnosis of Anaemia", is the statistical evaluation of the incidence of different types of anaemia, differentiated based on the erythrocyte morphology. Within the practical part of the thesis, blood counts were analysed on an automatic haematology analyser and then the data from the examinations were statistically processed. Excel was used to process all the data. The results of the statistical processing were entered into tables and graphs. Before the statistical processing, 3 hypotheses were defined and tested using a chi-square test which resulted in a level of significance (p). For all three hypotheses, the resulting level of significance was

This thesis on the topic "The influence of selected factors on biochemical parame-ters in horses" deals with the evaluation of metabolism in selected groups of horses under defined nutritional and breeding conditions and the determination of possible metabolic risks and their solution. Substance metabolism was evaluated by means of selected biochemical parameters, which were compared between sport horses and horses used for riding lessons at the School Farm in Humpolec. Five horses were selected from each group and their breeding and nutritional conditions, physiologi-cal status, possible causes of metabolic disorders and proposed solutions were eval-uated. Our results agreed with those of other studies, but there was no statistically significant difference in the values of the investigated biochemical parameters between the studied groups of horses. The difference was noticeable between the individual sampling groups. Alkaline phosphatase was found to be in excess in some horses. Cholesterol values were lowest in the spring period and were outside the physiological range. Calcium values were found to be lower in the summer period, which may be due to insufficient calcium intake. Conversely, magnesium values exceeded the reference range and may be due to excess intake or kidney disease. Metabolic impairment can be caused by various diseases such as equine metabolic syndrome, developmental orthopaedic diseases, hyperli-pemia or laminitis.

Minerals in beef cattle nutrition are very important for the health of cows, their conception and also for their calves and colostrum, which is very important to them. The aim of the work was to evaluate the health status and reproductive indicators in terms of the content of minerals in the blood of BTPM cows. The literature review describes the digestive system of cattle, characterizes beef cattle and especially meat simental, in which the experiment took place. I also describe the nutrition of cattle, blood composition and hematological parameters of blood. A total of 3 samples were taken every 3 weeks. In each sample, 12 blood samples were taken from cows aged 20-30 months with a live weight of 600-750 kg. Overall, most values were within the usual ranges. By maintaining the same feed ration and adding a mineral lysis with increased selenium content, the cows could get better and some mineral values would improve.

Introduction: The properties of human blood are so specific that it has not yet been possible to replace human blood with any other fluid than obtaining it as a blood gift from donors. In recent years, there has not been a sufficient number of new blood donors in the Czech Republic to compensate for the decrease in the number of donors due to the increasing incidence of a number of civilization diseases and age (Czech Red Cross, 2020). Blood donation and the need for blood products are constantly increasing with the development of the methods of treatment and medicine as a science. Ensuring a sufficient number of blood donors and sufficient deposition of blood obtained from donors is a permanent task of healthcare (Society for Transfusion Medicine of the Czech Medical Association JEP, 2019). Aim of the work: The main goal of the research was to map the issue of blood donation, to identify the factors by which blood donors are motivated to donate. Furthermore, what can cause stagnation in the growth of blood donors and what means doctors motivate potential blood donors. Methodology: A qualitative research method was chosen for the research survey. Data collection took place in the form of semi-structured interviews and was completed by achieving theoretical data saturation. In order to preserve...

This thesis takes on the theme of blood-brain barrier. Blood-brain barrier is a physiological barrier, that divides the circulatory system from brain, in place of their confrontation. Barriers main task is to maintain homeostasis and regulate the transport of substancesin bothdirections.The mostimportant groupof proteins,responsible fortransport, are the ABC transporters. Alterations of barrier properties during the pathological states, but also the distribution of medical drugsis subjectof futherinvestigations.Overview of the above mentionedthemeswillbe mediatedbythis thesis. Key words: Blood-brainbarrier, endothelialcells,tight junctions

The work deals with the tradition of the pig-slaughtering and its reflection in the visual arts, from the genre art of the 16th century to the present. This tradition contains both the religion meaning and symbolism of the bloody sacrifice, as well as the secular mening of the whole event and the customs associated with it: the consolidation of the community of a certain group of people, the nutritional and ecological value. There is also an allegory of human characteristics and tendencies in artistic reflection. It is not only through artistic creation that we can observe that the tradition of the pig-slaughtering is slowly disappearing, although the symbolism of raw meat remains in mind. Finally, the work reflects on the topic of the pig-slaughtering in the environment of Rožnov art therapy and monitors its terapeutic potential. Blood plays a role in the therapeutic use of the theme of the pig-slaughtering and its importance as a symbol of life energy. In the painting, blood is a metafor for unconscious affective forces that co-create dynamic processes in the human psyche. Thus, the topic of thepig-slaughtering in art therapy is used to work within trapsychic conflicts. I prove the variability of this work by interpreting the images of students in the field of art therapy created within a self-experienced class.

The aim of the bachelor thesis was to evaluate changes in hematological parameters in the postnatal period of calves. The literature review describes blood composition, physical properties of blood, hematological parameters and cryptosporidia, which are occurs commonly found in calves. We included 18 calves of holstein cattle and czech calves in the experiments red-spotted cattle, which we divided into two groups according to age. Observation started at 20 days of calf age and ended at 300 days of calf age. The results show that that hematological parameters change in postnatal calves. Concentration erythrocytes increased from birth to 140 days of age, but then with increasing age of calves there was a gradual decrease in the concentration of erythrocytes (from 10,35 × 1012/L at 7,45 × 1012/L).The hematocrit value (from 0,34 l/l to 0,27 l/l), hemoglobin concentration (from 133 ? g/l to 106 ? g/l) and mean erythrocyte volume had similar dynamics, (from 35,57 ? 1,44 fl to 33,12 fl). The leukocyte count in group 2 was in the refer-ence range for adult cattle (8,68 ? to 12,96 ? G/l), but in group 1 (c. parvum, c. bo-vis) they exceeded the reference range, especially in the period between 160.-180. bot-tom (12,96 G/l). The most stable percentage was lymphocytes, which accounted for 59,55 to 78,26% of the total number. In contrast, neutrophilic granulocytes had a signifi-cant tendency to decrease (from 31,70% to 14,53%). Anyway thus, there was a gradual percentage decrease in monocytes (from 9,17% to 7,51%). Platelet counts fluctuated slightly, but the average proportion ranged between 631,83-652,21 G/l.

The bachelor thesis deals with recognition of theory and praxis of using the heparine flush in hospital establishments. The heparine, is currently registered as a risk medicament and more administration was added to it, which means that it is not used in praxis so much. These measures have been applied since after 2006, after the case which shocked the Czech Republic. Blood, blood clotting, heparine, heparine flush and venous ports in which it is or was used, are described in the theoretical part. The research part was implemented by quantitative method in the form of a survey of own creation, which was replied by 200 respondents. I chose 4 following departments for the research: internal department, department of surgery, department of oncology and department of paediatrics. The aim was to find out what is the standard of using the heparine flush in praxis. Following hypothesis were determined. Hypothesis n. 1, the frequency of using the heparine flush within 24 hours depends more on the doctor's office than on routine administering. Hypothesis n. 2, the way of solution dilution for the heparine flush depends rather on the doctor's office than on the department routine. Hypothesis n. 3, the way of administering the heparine flush by a nurse depends on nurse's experience with complication occurance. A non-standard survey was prepared to achieve the aim and to test the hypothesis. The survey was evaluated by means of graphical and statistical methods. The survey contained 25 questions. It was possible to state from the whole research, that the heparine flush has not been used so much and it is rather a risk than a benefit for a patient. An interesting information, which came up with the evaluation, was a fact, that nurses encountered the term heparine flush for the first time only at some of the departments where they begin to work. The outcomes can serve as materials for education of students at medical schools and they can improve the knowledge of the heparine flush, although it is not used so much.

Paul Uhlenhuth, celým jménem Paul Theodor Uhlenhuth, byl německý bakteriolog a imunolog. Do dějin kriminalistiky se zapsal objevem tzv. Uhlenhuthovy metody (1901) - imunoprecipitační reakce pro rozlišení lidské a zvířecí krve (resp. proteinů) užívané v soudním lékařství. The article discusses a significant figure in criminalistic biology, Paul Uhlenhuth, who was the first to discover a method for distinguishing between human and animal blood.

Televizní noviny, the main TV News program of TV Nova, has been perceived in the long term as the one which brings to people only negative news and stories full of blood. People often call it "Crime Chronicle", as according to a commonly acknowledged opinion, it consists only of accidents, murders, dead bodies, and violence. Nothing else. In this thesis, I will attempt to prove or refute this assumption - whether it is like that in reality or not. Therefore, an integral part of the thesis is a research which will examine what the real share of truly "bloody" news in Televizní noviny. In the next part, the bachelor thesis describes the history of TV news broadcasting in the world, in Czechoslovakia, and then also in the Czech Republic. Hence, the thesis will offer a view on the development of TV news, the content of individual news programs, and last but not least, on those who actually influence the content as such. The thesis also provides a overview of the history of TV Nova News and its position in Czech society since 1994 when TV Nova started broadcasting. The final part of the thesis is the analytical one; the results of the research are interpreted based on the theoretical part and historical background of TV Nova.

This bachelor's thesis deals with the morphology of ecrocytes and their anomalies related to selected diseases. The theoretical part of the thesis is focused on the description of individual ecrocyte morphological abnormalities and the description of selected diseases for which morphological transformations are typical. It also aims at the explanation of their importance for diagnosis and disease progress. The practical part comprises description of blood smears microscope evaluation procedure, evaluation of erytrocyte morphology and assessment of morphological transformations in regard to patients' diagnoses. More than 80 samples were evaluated, all of which were collected between 2nd May 2017 and 25th May 2017 at the Department of Hematology in Písek. Selected blood smears containing morphological anomalies. Samples were classified in nineteen categories according to the diagnoses. Afterwards, morphological transformations were evaluated in each category. Frequency of identified abnormalities was assessed and then also their possible impact on the disease was considered. Among three most frequently detected erytrocyte morphological transformations belong polychromasia in 45 samples, anisocytosis in 43 samples and ovalocytosis in 22 samples. The observed morphological transformations were in some cases typical for the basic diagnosis and treatment, in some cases the detected morphology was untypical for diagnosed disease and informed the physician of another possible health issue. Patients with untypical signs in blood smears were consequently subjected to additional tests, which revealed the etiopathogenesis of such transformations. The results thus demonstrate the importance of blood smear evaluation for making a precise diagnosis.

This bachelor thesis is an experiment with a focus on the use of adhesives from natural and renewable sources. Adhesives used are Henkel's PVAc glue, Ponal Super 3 and the blend of bovine blood, slaked lime, bile and milk. Two types of test specimens were made from spruce and beech boards. One type tested for shear strength and the other for tensile strength perpendicular to the adhesive joint. Part of the samples were subsequently conditioned and the other tested by soaking in water to determine the durability class according to EN 204: 2001. After being removed from the water, soaked samples were conditioned. Followed by their testing.

Laminitis is one of the most common multifactorial diseases of horse limbs. Recent studies show that 90% of this disease is due to endocrinological diseases such as Cushing's syndrome or equine metabolic syndrome. In available literature, there is not much relevant information on the relationship of laminitis to hematological and biochemical blood parameters. This diploma thesis "Changes in selected blood parameters of horses" evaluates biochemical and haematological blood parameters in connection with laminitis in 27 sick horses. It statistically compares the differences in blood parameters between healthy and sick horses.

Cationic gold nanoparticles (GNPs) are attractive candidates for drug delivery, biomedical imaging and targeted anti-cancer therapy. Due to their unique physical-chemical properties, they have great potential, especially for so-called targeted photothermal cancer therapy. Nanoparticle properties such as size, shape and surface charge play a key role in the internalization process and different types of NPs can enter cells by various pathways. It has been reported, that specific cationic gold nanorods (GNRs) preparations are taken up by both normal and cancer cells in large amounts. The nanoparticles were shown to accumulate inside vesicular structures. Prior to the start with an application of cationic GNRs in biomedicine for different kind of purposes (such as photothermal therapy, targeted drug/gene delivery carriers, fluorescence probes, pregnancy test etc.), it is necessary at first to determine their biological safety and organism's response in general. In our laboratory, we are focused mainly on the application of GNRs in photothermal therapy. That consists of cationic GNRs accumulated in tumour tissue, where they transform light into heat upon irradiation by near-infrared (NIR) light, thereby thermally damaging nearby cells. During the study, it was shown by microscopic examination of the blood that after incubation of blood with cationic GNRs in vitro, the interaction of GNRs with white blood cells and platelets was observed. Further, using histology and fluorescence microscopy it was shown that after in vivo application the cationic GNRs are mostly accumulated in mouse spleen. The obtained data contributed to an understanding of cationic GNRs distribution and toxicity at the level of the cell and organism and were published as a part of the complex study in Biomaterials journal.

Blood collection is nowadays a common procedure, especially nurse's. The nurses encounter blood donations almost every day of their service. This procedure is especially important for physicians, who, based on laboratory results, can diagnose pathological conditions and subsequently indicate appropriate treatment. This bachelor thesis called Blood collection in the past and today is processed as a theoretical work. According to the title of the thesis, it is clear that it is focused on blood collection and other problems related to it. The aim of this thesis is to analyze the development and related changes in blood collection performance using available sources. Specifically, the aim is to analyze how the procedure itself and the tools used for blood collection have changed. The thesis is processed by an analysis of available primary and secondary sources of historical and current data. Blood collection is of course related to blood, whose physiology is described in the work. The procedure of blood collection is related to laboratory examination, which is also mentioned in this thesis. The aim is to analyze the sources describing the development of blood collection and tools used for it. The paper also mentions the topic of transfusion medicine and nursing education, which is closely related to the performance of blood collection within the competence of nurses, whose form has changed over the years. The thesis has been elaborated using available Czech and foreign literary sources, databases and articles from professional periodicals. A comprehensive theoretical basis has been developed, which can be used in practice especially as a study and information material for professional and general society. Based on an analysis of sources, it has been found that blood collection has changed both during the development of nursing and medicine itself, and due to many industrial, technical and political influences.

The bachelor thesis deal with "Life threatening bleeding in pre-hospital emergency care" which is divided into two parts, theoretical and practical. The theoretical part is devoted to blood and blood circulation from the beginning. In addi-tion, the distribution of blood flow according to the type, amount, cause and place of blood flow is shown. Subsequently, the organism physiologically stops the bleeding and pathophysiology of large blood loss, showing hemorrhagic shock and multiorgan dysfunc-tion syndrome. Lastly, in the theoretical part of the therapy, life-threatening bleeding from the point of view of lay rescuers, paramedics in pre-hospital emergency care and subsequently in emergency non-hospital care. In the practical part, object 1 was set - to map the level of the theoretical knowledge of paramedics in the treatment of life threatening bleeding in pre-hospital emergency care. Based on this goal, the research question 1 was identified - how are paramedics familiar with recommended treatments for life-threatening bleeding in pre-hospital urgent care? The practical part is 6 semistructured interviews with paramedics performing their profession at the Rescue Emergency Service in České Budějovice containing 16 questions divided into 11 categories for the clarity of the information obtained. The result of the practical part pointed to the insufficient readiness of the theoretical knowledge of paramedics and ignorance of their competencies without the indication of the doctor mentioned in Decree No. 55/2011 Coll., §17. The conclusion of the thesis con-tains suggestions for improving this fact.

This thesis aims to assess the possibility of the usage of various biological fixatives for fish cell and tissues samples in order to extend its storage for later flow cytometric measurement of DNA content. The model species chosen were sterlet and tench, from which three types of samples were obtained: blood and fin tissue of subadult / adult individuals and tail tissue of hatched larvae. Altogether 13 fixation methods were tested for each type of sample of both model species. Methods were chosen based upon their easy feasibility and low time-consumption. The samples were measured on flow cytometer in native state immediately after sampling and placing in physiological saline and after 1, 5 and 10 days of fixation during which they were stored in a fridge or in a freezer at -80 ?C. Their analysis was carried out simultaneously with standards native cells from tench fin tissue when investigating sterlet samples, and commercially available fixed trout erythrocytes for tench samples. A fluorochrome used was 4',6-diamidine-2'-phenylindole dihydrochloride (DAPI; with excitation/emission maxima 358 / 461 nm). Based on the evaluation of coefficients of variation (CV) of fixed samples and the changes in their fluorescence levels in comparison with native state, optimal procedures for extended storage of all types of samples from both model species are suggested.

CZ Tato bakalářská práce se zabývá analýzou vybraných těžkých kovů (olovo, kadmium, měď, chrom, arsen) ve vzorcích krve a peří sýkor koňader (Parus major) metodou atomové absorpční spektrometrie s elektrotermickou atomizací a technikou generování těkavých sloučenin s detekcí křemenného atomizátoru. Za optimálních podmínek byla sestavena kalibrační závislost a zjistěné základní charakteristiky pro jednotlivé prvky. Klíčová slova Atomová absorpční spektrometrie, elektrotermická atomizace, chemické generovaní, těžké kovy, krev, peří, sýkora

The main goal of this thesis is to answer the question to what extent are Czech women influenced by the information presented by media or historical traditions about menstruation. Not only literature and published articles were used as sources for the findings, several personal interviews were also conducted with Czech women, gynaecologists and one company, which distributes hygienic tools for menstruation. The results show that the concept of purity perception, as well as seeing women as weaker gender. There is also an effort to protect children from the topics concerning adult life and also the fact, that menstruation does not present any taboo for women in 21st century. However, these women do not talk about it too often, as they consider it very intimate topic. To some extent, some level of taboo persists in the media.

This work deals with the exegesis of the text of Exodus 24. The core consists in application of main exegetic methods to the Hebrew Vorlage. Exegetical methods used in the thesis are: Textual criticism, linguistic and syntactic analysis, semantic and narrative analysis, diachronic and pragmatic analysis, the analysis of historical background. Exegetical methods help us to properly interpret the text of Exodus 24. Exodus 24 is dedicated to the stipulation of a covenant treaty between the Lord and Israel at the mount Sinai. The mediator is Moses, it is him who receives the law and writes the words of the Lord. The acceptance of the treaty is highlighted by the way of sacrifices and of a common meal. The event allows the presence of to Moses, Aaron and Abihu, and the seventy elders of Israel close to the Lord.

AN ABSTRACT IN ENGLISH LANGUAGE This diploma thesis regards poems of Bohuslav Reynek and Pierre Jean Jouve with a prism of fire and blood motives. The analysis is focused on their early works, i.e. on Bohuslav Reynek's Thirsts and Pierre Jean Jouve's Les Noces. The diploma thesis is divided into two parts, the theoretical and the practical ones. The theoretical part gives the view into problematics of blood and fire motives. It is encouraged with several theories, such as literary (Bachelard), psychoanalytic (Jung) and theological (Spidlik). The second chapter of theoretical part sums up already existing perception of the analysed texts, with the main focal point on the motives. This aim fulfils either Med's and Putna's interpretations of Reynek or Pic's and Kelly's interpretations of Jouve. The main part of the diploma thesis is then seen in the analysis of motives itself. The author of the diploma thesis searches for different representations of these motives, e.g. flaming tongues of fire (the symbol of the Holy Spirit), a pierced heart of Jesus Christ and Virgin Mary equally as their mixing, such as flaming heart, bloody sun etc. In the results of this diploma thesis there is summarised the analysis of these topoi - fire and blood and their different realisations in each work of the poets. Their attitude...

This paper is targeted on influence of various factors on biochemical blood parameters of horses, especially influence of housing management, physical aktivit, or stress. Its goal is to evaluace knowledge about blood content and use of biochemical indicators in horse dinase diagnostics. Also, brief chapter is dedicated to alternative pasture management, so called paddlock paradise. The second part of this work is experimental. The experiment took place on Tlumačov stud farm. There we took samples from 18 horses in period of 4 months. Results were established in laboratory and later evaluated by one-way ANOVA statistical method.

Title: Motion regime of children after healing of leukemia Objectives: The bachelor thesis deals with monitoring of evaluation of exercise regimen of children they underwent treatment of leukemia in University Hospital Motol. The evaluation of previous and current status of motion regimen is based on responses. We will focus on influence of gaming console with motion sensor during the treatment. Another goal is to determine the times, when the children are integrated back to the school environment. The ultimate goal is to determine the average age of children and the form of leukemia they mostly get ill. Methods: I used two methods for this bachelor thesis. For determination of motion regime of children was created questionnaire. The second used method was interview. The interview was lead with the doctor. Results: Total number of involved former patients in this research sample was 41. There were 22 boys and 19 girls. Most often in children occurred acute lymphoblastic leukemia, which occupies up to 75 % of all respondents. The average age of patients was 9, 6 years. 36 children (88 %) were before diagnosis physically active. Boys preferred team sports and girls individual sports. After the treatment returned 20 children (56 %) to the same physical activity. We noticed most often return of boys,...

The experiment was based on the feeding of feed additive, which was composed of vitamins, methionine, zinc and copper in organic form (amino acid complex n-hydrate). The experiment was 14 horses divided into two groups (test and control group). The experimental group was the basic ration, which also received a control group, added over a period of nine months, a feed additive. During the experiment, 5 samples were taken from which the detected concentration of some mineral elements (Ca, Fe, Mg, Cu, Zn) and various biochemical parameters (glucose, aspartate aminotransferase, urea, bilirubin, alkaline phosphatase). Administration of a feed additive was a statistically significant (P

Beneficial effect of hardening or cold adaptation for human health has been known for many decades. Beneficial or detrimental effect depends on the regimen and intensity of the adaptation and thus it is very important to pay attention to them. It has been shown in previous studies that cold adaptation of animals at a low temperature 0-4 žC is accompanied by dehydration and the damage of kidneys. As our best knowledge, the effect of mild cold adaptation on the molecular mechanisms in the heart has not been studied until now. The first aim of this study was to set up a new model of cold adaptation without any negative effects on the organism. The second aim was to assess mRNA levels of selected genes related to the important mechanisms associated with energy metabolism and cardio-protective signaling pathways in the left ventricle. Results obtained using the new model for cold adaptation at 102 řC did not show any negative changes in the blood or urine parameters and body fluid balance was maintained. Screening of mRNAs showed that chronic adaptation might affect the phenotype of the heart, transcriptional activity of the antioxidant system and of the pro-apoptotic genes, lowers adrenergic signaling and moderate glucose metabolism in cardiomyocytes. Key words: cold adaptation, heart, gene...

For the successful food intake by organisms that feed on blood is essentials presence of antihaemostatic molecules such as vasodilators, anticoagulant molecules and apyrases., Although members of family Diplozoidae (Heteronchoinea) are blood-feeding parasites on the gills of the fish, these molecules, that could disrupt host hemostasis, have not yet been identified. Thus, the aim of this study was to find molecules with potential anticoagulant activity in homogenates of whole worm bodies and excretory/secretory products of the members of family Diplozoidae. Furthermore perform bioinformatics analysis of sequences obtained from transcriptom project of Eudiplozoon nipponicum (Heteronchoinea: Diplozoidae) and selected proteins (protein domain) then expressed in a recombinant form. We tested inhibitory activity in excretory-secretory products and homogenates of members family Diplozoidae towards coagulation factors IIa and Xa and their specific fluorogenic with 4 negative and 1 positive results. From the results of two transcriptome analysis we discovered three protein families of potential anticoagulants - annexins, serpins and Kunitz-domain proteins. For further analyses we focused on the Kunitz protein family. These proteins contain one or more structurally related active domains which are able to...

The aim of this thesis is to observe the possibility of transfer of genetic information from feed, made of wheat with unusual grain colour and wheat with standard grain colour, into the blood of rat test subjects. Out of 64 rats that were tested, 32 were fed with purple grain (Konini variety) and formed the test group. A further 32 rats represented the study's control group and were fed with standard coloured wheat (Bohemia variety). The blood sample was acquired from the test animals. From 12 samples (6 samples from each group) DNA was isolated. Plant DNA was detected in the samples of DNA of rats by PCR using primers amplifying fragments of housekeeping genes specific for DNA of wheat (wheat genes Gapdh and Actin). No DNA fragments of wheat were detected in the blood of the rats. The results show, that there is no transfer of genetic information from the feed through the gastrointestinal tract to the blood of the animal.

The intention of this thesis is to try to uncover the meaning of the sin offering once again. To get to this new point of view, it uses synchronic methods and thorough analysis of defined texts of Leviticus (from the first, the fourth and the sixth chapter) and it even uses analysis of single words in a wider context. First it is concerned about getting deeply into the understanding of what sin is, then that the sacrificial animal probably becomes the sin and the sin is killed. Also there is a priest, who makes rites with the blood and the fat. It is likely that both of these rites have very deep sense. Powered by TCPDF (www.tcpdf.org)

Cílem této magisterské práce je představit jednoho ze zakládajících členů neoistické skupiny, kontroverzního multimediálního performera Istvana Kantora. Práce se snaží zasadit Kantorovy aktivity do širšího historického, teoretického a politického kontextu. V díle Istvana Kantora se magisterská práce zaměřuje především na jeho krvavá X a na jeho názory na umění a tvorbu. Práce by měla korigovat některé nepřesné informace, které život Istvana Kantora a jeho tvorbu obestírají.

The basis for a successful cattle production is the proper care taking of pregnant cows as well as a sufficient care taking of the new-born calves. During the last years, a big attention has been given to this area because the higher farming quality the higher economic benefits and the lower losses in meat and milk yield will be respectively. For this reason, an influence of different feed supplements (Lactovita, Biopolym, Homeopathics) on haematological and biochemical parameters as well as an effect on weight gain and amounts of microorganisms in new-born calves has been studied. The specific aim of this thesis is to evaluate an influence of these supplements on incidences of diarrhea, microbial activity and to assess its effect on selected haematological and biochemical blood parameters. Three experimental and one control group (ten calves per each) were set up in the chosen company. The experimental groups had a modified feeding ratio between the first and the fourth week of life the calves received either colostrum + 5ml "PVB" homeopathic or colostrum + 5 ml "Biopolym" prebiotics or colostrum + 1 pill of "Lactovita", while the control group received colostrum without supplement. The first day after birth, a blood sample and a microbial smear sample were taken. Second sample collection was carried out in the fourth week of life. The calves were weighed every week. Obtained data were processed graphically and in tables and were statistically evaluated. The influence of mentioned feed additives on weight gain and diarrhea occurrence was evaluated from the obtained results. The most of haematological and biochemical parameters have approximately the same values compared to those found by other authors. There were no significant differences in monitored parameters in the experimental groups compared to the control group. Furthermore, no influence was found on blood parameters. Only in case of zinc a significant difference was found between treated groups and control (p=0,0012). Changes between the treated groups (independently on control) were observed in haematocrit, total protein content, cholesterol, zinc and copper. Non-significant differences between the tested groups and control were found in haemoglobin, erythrocytes, leukocytes, glycaemia, urea, LF, GMT, phosphorus, calcium and magnesium. No impact of tested supplements was found on microbial composition. A positive effect of Lactovita, Biopolym and Homeopathic compared to the control group was found in case of weight gain. The obtained results show some positive trends which should be a subject for further research, where total amount of calves per groups is increased to reduce variability.

In the beginning we outline some important properties of blood and de- scribe it from the biological point of view. In the next section we show how we derived our model based on the mixture theory. For the final model we suggest a mathematical method based on the finite element method and subject it to tests for flow in a simple domain. In the middle part we prove the existence of solution for a model with simplified constitutive relation for the stress tensor, which still includes an anisotropic model for the platelet diffusion. In the last section we show numerical results. We start with sim- ple testing computations in simple domains, followed by computations in a two-dimensional simulation of an aneurysm, and narrowed blood vessel re- spectively. In the end we also show some illustrative computations in three dimensions. 1

Issues of nursing care when transfusing Current situation: A transfusion is putting whole blood or its complements (plasma; erythrocytes) into the bloodstream. The doctor who transfuses is responsible for transfusing. While transfusing, cooperation between the nurse and the doctor is important; any mistake can endanger the patient's health and life (Vyhnálek, 2003). When transfusing, the nurse's competencies include taking the patient's blood for blood type testing and cross testing, preparing equipment and a set, ensuring the venous access, ensuring blood compatibility and blood at the patient's bedside, monitoring the patient while transfusing, and keeping documents (Vokurka, 2005). The aim of the research: To determine issues of the nursing care of a patient requiring blood transfusion. In addition, to determine whether nurses observe the standard nursing procedure for patients requiring blood transfusion. Methodology: The empirical part of the bachelor's thesis was prepared on the basis of qualitative research data collection through interviews. The qualitative research was supplemented with observations of nurses using an audit technique.The results were processed using open coding. Codes were created using a pencil and paper and then divided into categories and subcategories. Participants: Interviews were intended for general nurses working at the surgical and orthopaedic departments of hospital České Budějovice, a.s. The interviews were conducted by agreement with the nurses in charge of the departments concerned. It was a deliberate choice that was influenced by the participants' willingness to cooperate. Sampling was terminated when the data obtained were theoretically saturated. An audit was carried out in the case of 5 nurses within the semester thesis. Results: It was found out on the basis of the research that the nurses had good theoretical knowledge in the area of the care of a patient requiring blood transfusion, but there were certain areas in which the nurses showed a weakness. The nurses showed their greatest weakness in the case of blood derivatives. There we found out from the research that the nurses were unable to explain what blood derivative was during the research. The results show that the nurses' knowledge in the area of patient care before transfusing is excellent. Another examined part of the research was to determine what duties the nurses had to perform while transfusing. There it was found out that not all nurses observed the recommended procedure for monitoring the patient while transfusing. The last part of the research was to find out what responsibilities the nurses had after transfusing. The research results show that the nurses know how to handle the completed transfusion and that they should keep it in a special refrigerator for 24 hours. After the end of transfusing all the nurses interviewed also measure the patient's physiological functions and then record them in the nursing documentation. Furthermore, it was discovered by the research that the longer practice nurses have and the more often they meet with transfusing, the less danger of damage to the health of the patient is. The results of the audit of transfusing show that the most frequent mistakes the nurses made were the insufficient identification of the patient, failure to observe the recommended time of application, and the unsatisfactory checking of the patient's condition while and after transfusing. Conclusions: The research results show that the nurses interviewed have relatively wide knowledge of the issues concerned. They know the nursing care of a patient requiring blood transfusion before, while and after transfusing. The research shows that the more often the nurse meets with transfusing the better her skills in transfusing are. The research proved that although the nurses knew the standard nursing procedure for a patient requiring blood transfusion, in practice they did not observe it fully.

This thesis deals with the nursing care for patients with coagulopathy. Its aim is to monitor the issue and create a summary of information about the disease, its distribution, symptoms, possible treatments used in the diagnosis and subsequent treatment options for patients suffering from this disease. The main point of this work is of course the part about nursing care, where the emphasis is laid on the patient and the problems associated with the disease. After that, dealing with a deficit of needs is described where the nurse plays major role, in removing the deficit. Coagulopathy is a general name for diseases that are characterized by increased bleeding disorder or a lack of clotting factors or their inhibitors. The disease can be divided into two basic groups. The first group refers to the coagulopathy, which have originated based on heredity. Conversely, the second group is called up during the life of a patient and is due to the primary disease; that is most commonly impaired liver function. Congenital coagulopathy is often found in the literature under the name of hemophilia. This disease can be further subdivided according to which coagulation factor is violated. If the disorder relates to coagulation factor VIII, we're talking about the type of hemophilia A. Hemophilia B is then characterized by a lack of factor IX. Hemophilia C, which in our geographical conditions doesn't occur, is reported as a deficiency of coagulation factor number XI. Von Willebrand's disease, which is specific deficiency of von Willebrand factor in the coagulation cascade, can also be included among hemophilic disorders. Acquired coagulopathy arises as a secondary disease. Its cause is the liver diseases, which are mostly liver cirrhosis, hepatitis, obstructive jaundice. Coagulopathy, however, can be caused by poisoning by pharmacological drugs. Most are coumarin-type drugs, among which belong Paralen, Warfarin, Macumar. The difference in the treatment of patients with haemophilia and congenital coagulopathies lies in the realization that congenital coagulopathies are the subsequent diseases resulting from complications of the underlying disease. In this work we will also learn about investigative methods that lead to a subsequent diagnosis. Emphasis is placed on medical history, physical examination and subsequent laboratory methods that are most important for us in this disease. Among the basic laboratory tests there belong a blood count and coagulation tests. After that, imaging methods are important in patients with coagulopathy, because they are considered preventive care, preventing patients suffering from this disease from the occurrence of complications. The main point of this work is nursing, in which it is important for us to know how to manage care for patients with this disease and to deprive them of their current deficits of needs. Most often are these deficits associated with increased risk of bleeding and consequent violation of the integrity of the skin or soft tissues. A frequent problem is also the risk of infection. A major problem in the treatment of such patients are disturbances of mental state, where there is mostly disturbed body image due to hematoma forming on the patient's body or frequent bleeding. Patients with coagulopathy should also be aware of the possibilities of the refilling of vitamin K in the diet. Vitamin K is an integral part of the treatment of patients with acquired coagulopathy. A major problem for patients and for us as a medical staff is, after that, deficit of knowledge about the disease and its subsequent treatment by application of intravenous coagulation factor concentrates. In the Czech Republic there are two associations for this kind of patients. We're talking about Hemojunior association, which is intended for children suffering from hemophilia. Patient with this disease should bbe taken as an individual, and thus we should approach him.

Deviation out of homeostasis is reflected by physiological stress and altered immunological activity leading to changes in blood composition. Haematological examination may reveal deflection from the long-term optimum-the state of health. Haematological changes associated with parasitism are in some cases so distinctive that they allow the estimation of the parasite type affecting the host health. I aim to summarise basic methods utilised in veterinary haematology and evaluate the influence of individual groups of parasites on haematological parameters related to red and white blood cells. In vertebrates the most significant haematological changes are caused by multicellular endoparasites. Typical is eosinophilia and increased total leucocyte count. Ectoparasites are usually responsible for decrease in erythrocytes and increase in leucocytes. Extracellular bacteria increase total neutrophil and lymphocyte counts while intracellular bacteria cause decrease in all blood cell types. Viruses often decrease number of erythrocytes and leucocytes and change neutrophil/lymphocyte ratio. Changes in the haematological parameters caused by protists are difficult to generalize and not much is presently known about the influence of fungi on the blood composition in vertebrates. Variation in the effect of...

The thesis focuses on the presence of the motif of vampire in Czech literature from the end of the 19th century to the end of the first half of the 20th century. The motif is formed by a set of vampire attributes and the aim of the thesis is to observe changes of its image depending on its application and function in particular pieces of work. The observation comes from mythological and traditional conceptions of the vampire character which defined the image of the creature. The attention is also focused on the period trends influencing literature in general and on the application of the motif in foreign literature. The thesis marginally refers to its presentation in the visual arts.

This thesis deals with nursing care for patients during blood transfusion administration. The thesis is divided into two parts, theoretical and practical. In the theoretical part blood, blood transfusion and nursing care for patients during blood transfusion administration are described. In the practical part quantitative research was used and the data collection technique was an anonymous questionnaire designed for nurses working in different departments. The research survey was conducted in Strakonice Hospital, plc, and Písek Hospital, plc, where a total of 130 questionnaires were distributed, 119 questionnaires were returned. The research sample contained 113 properly completed questionnaires, which was defined as 100%. The objective of this thesis was to identify the knowledge and skills of nurses in the care for patients during blood transfusion administration. The other objective was to find out what new knowledge would the nurses apply in the care for patients during blood transfusion administration. To meet these objectives, three following hypotheses were set. Hypothesis 1: Nurses know the principles of nursing care for patients during blood transfusion administration ? it has been confirmed. Hypothesis 2: Nurses actively monitor the patients´ needs during blood transfusion administration, this hypothesis has also been confirmed. Hypothesis 3: Nurses try to apply new knowledge in the care for patients during blood transfusion administration - it has not been confirmed. As an outcome of his study an informational brochure with the basics of nursing care for patients during blood transfusion administration was created, enriched with the information about the needs of patients during blood transfusion administration. The information brochure will be used by nurses who want to enhance or supplement their knowledge in the nursing care for patients during blood transfusion administration. The information brochure will be offered to Strakonice Hospital, plc, and Písek Hospital, plc, when the survey was carried out.

Thesis deals with the evaluation of the impact of different quantities and forms of iodine in ration dairy cows on the concentration of hormones of the thyroid in the blood plasma. Iodine was given in the inorganic (Vitamix S7+) and organic form (UNI-SATURAN J). The experiment was done with a herd of Red cows fleckvieh breeding in the conversion to breed in the breeding of Holstein dairy cows in distrikt Klatovy. The average concentration of thyroxine (TT4) before experiment was 50.91+-12.96 nmol/1, 1.6+-0.53 nmol/l of trijodthyronine (TT3). Free forms of hormones showed: FT4 1.09+-0.06 pmol/l and FT3 2.5+-0.08 pmol/l. Free forms of hormones showed more considerable divergencies.

2. Abstract Presence of antihaemostasis molekule is essential for the successful reception of food organisms that feed on blood. They are vasodilators, anticoagulant molecules and apyrases that break into the host hemostasis, thus blocking the whole process. This work summarizes all available information about the anticoagulant factors of haematophagous parasites. The blood sucking groups of helminths, arthropods and leeches is particularly inhibitors of serine proteases, which have their inhibitory aktivity directed primarily against thrombin and factor Xa. These are two key factors in the coagulation cascade. Factor X is the first member, where it sets the intrinsic and extrinsic coagulation pathways. At the same time it arises due to the aktive form of the protein thrombin, which is responsible for the conversion of soluble fibrinogen to insoluble fibrin, which stops bleeding. In addition to these two factors are inhibited of other members of the cascade. For example the inhibition of komplex factor VII and TF, which has been described in ticks and hookworms. Anticoagulation factors play a crucial role in the transmission of pathogens by blood from the vector into the host. The longer the blood is a liquid, the greater the chance of transmission of the pathogen.

Venous blood sampling poses one of the basic professional skills of a nurse. As in other fields of medical professions, new techniques, standards, instruments and auxiliary instruments are steadily developed here. Their use in practice should facilitate the work of nurses, increase the comfort of patients and, last but not least, increase the costs of health centres and hospitals resulting from repeated samplings and consequently repeated analyses of blood samples. The obtained blood test results facilitate the diagnosis as well as the monitoring process of the individual treatment effectiveness. When taking blood samples, nurses should comply with the current nursing standards ensuring that the result of the given venous blood sampling is correct and non-distorted by an incorrect venepuncture. A violation of the nursing standard may endanger the health safety of both the patient and the nurse. This baccalaureate work monitors the compliance of stipulated nursing standards related to blood sampling. The research was carried out within the surgical ward of the Klatovy Hospital. The monitoring method of disguised participating observation and consequent interviews with monitored nurses was selected. Thus, the research questions could be sufficiently answered. The first question was focussed on the rate of compliance with the principles of correct venous blood sampling. The observations showed that nurses not always proceed in compliance with the appropriate venous blood sampling standards. The second research question dealt with the sampling safety standards both in terms of the patient and the nurse. The research results suggest that nurses are not always fully aware of their own or patient's safety issues. The nurses are not yet sufficiently skilled in the application of protective equipment. The third research question was focussed on the individual preferences of the available sampling techniques. The results of the interviews with nurses suggest that nurses tend to prefer the closed technique. The ward sister of the surgical ward as well as the deputy executive manager for nursing issues of the Klatovy Hospital shall be made acquainted with the results of my research. I plan to propose to hold a seminar in the co-operation with the staff of the clinical biochemistry ward of the Klatovy Hospital.

At first we point out some important properties and behaviour of blood and blood particles. In the next part we approximate steady two-dimensional Pois- seiulle flow between two parallel plates. We show analytical solutions for New- tonian and power-law models. According to observations of Fahraeus-Lindquist effect we show two-layer models combining previously mentioned models. In the last section we model pulsatile Poisseuille flow and we show analytical and nu- merical results for some pressure and viscosity values. In the end we show our best model, where we shift pressure gradient and get closer to the real blood flow characteristics. 1