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In this paper compact, novel, low profile, low cost, high speed and miniaturized slotted circular Microstrip patch antenna is proposed and designed with defected ground. The antenna's dimensions are 30 mm*30 mm as length*width. The patch is using microstrip feed line as it is simple and it provides better results. Microstrip feed is always taken in the middle of the aerial but in this design its effect on shifting is analyzed. FR-4 (?r = 4.4.) has been chosen to design proposed antenna and substrate thickness as 1.59 mm. Proposed aerial has extra two band in lower frequency which are at 3.34 GHz to 3.63 GHz and 5.48 GHz to 18.91 GHz. The antenna's characteristics have been calculated using CST Studio Suite. Partial C band is covered i.e. 5.48 GHz onwards. As maximum value of return loss of more than ?60 dB is achieved in this band. Aerial has multiple bands which are located on partial C, X and Ku bands. Detailed parametric studies of the antenna have been carried out. © 2022

In order to solve the problem of limited linearity and frame rate in the large array infrared (IR) readout integrated circuit (ROIC), a high-linearity and high-speed readout method based on adaptive offset compensation and alternating current (AC) enhancement is proposed in this paper. The efficient correlated double sampling (CDS) method in pixels is used to optimize the noise characteristics of the ROIC and output CDS voltage to the column bus. An AC enhancement method is proposed to quickly establish the column bus signal, and an adaptive offset compensation method is used at the column bus terminal to eliminate the nonlinearity caused by the pixel source follower (SF). Based on the 55 nm process, the proposed method is comprehensively verified in an 8192 × 8192 IR ROIC. The results show that, compared with the traditional readout circuit, the output swing is increased from 2 V to 3.3 V, and the full well capacity is increased from 4.3 Me- to 6 Me-. The row time of the ROIC is reduced from 20 µs to 2 µs, and the linearity is improved from 96.9% to 99.98%. The overall power consumption of the chip is 1.6 W, and the single-column power consumption of the readout optimization circuit is 33 μW in the accelerated readout mode and 16.5 μW in the nonlinear correction mode.

This paper presents a new and high-performance inaccurate Full Adder Cell utilizing the Carbon Nanotube Field Effect Transistor (CNFET) technology. Comprehensive simulations are performed at the transistor and application levels to justify the performance of our design. Simulations performed using the HSPICE tool confirm the significant improvement in the performance of the proposed circuit delay, power-delay product (PDP) and energy-delay product (EDP) compared to competitor designs. Additionally, via a MATLAB tool, the image blending (alpha blending) application uses inaccurate Full Adder cells. Software simulations confirm the suitable quality of the final images according to the image quality evaluation criteria.

The classic S-plane control method combines PD structure with fuzzy control theory, with the advantages of a simple control structure and fewer parameters to be adjusted. It has been proved as a practical method in an autonomous underwater vehicle (AUV) motion control at low and medium speeds, but it takes no account of the situational static load and varying hydrodynamic forces which influence the control quality and even result in a “dolphin effect” at the time of high-speed movement. For this reason, an improved S-plane controller is designed based on the sliding mode variable structure, sliding mode surface, and control items in order to respond to the situational static load and high-speed movement. The improved S-plane controller is verified by Lyapunov stability analysis. The thrust allocation strategies are also discussed with constraints introduced in accordance with task requirements. In order to verify the practicability and effectiveness of the improved S-plane controller, both simulation experiments and field trials of AUV motion control, long-range cruise, and path point following were carried out. The results have demonstrated the superiority of the improved S-plane controller over the classic S-plane controller.

An important barrier to the adoption and acceptance of synchronous reluctance (SyR) machines in different applications lies in their non-standardized design procedure. The conflicting requirements incurring at high speeds among electromagnetic torque and structural and thermal limitations can significantly influence the machine performance, leading to a real design challenge. Analytical models used for design purpose lack in accuracy and force the designer to heavily rely on finite element analysis (FEA), at least during the design refinement stage. This becomes even more computationally expensive as the speed increases, as the evaluation of the rotor structural behaviour is required. This work presents a computationally efficient hybrid analytical-FE design process able to consider all the main limiting design aspects of SyR machine incurring at high speed, namely structural and thermal. As a vessel to investigate the proposed design routine accuracy, several high speed SyR machines have been designed for a wide range of operational speeds (up to 70 krpm). The thermal and mechanical factors limiting the high speed operation are deeply analyzed aiming at maximize the mechanical output power. The proposed design approach is then validated by comparison against experimental measurements on a 5 kW-50 krpm SyR prototype.

In order to reveal the lubrication performance of the rolling bearing under the condition of double rings s rotation, a novel rolling bearing contact lubrication analysis model for double rings rotation with an improved load distribution is developed. The effects of different parameters, such as the load, slip and speed, on the distribution of the temperature, pressure and film thickness of the rolling bearing are studied. The results show that the change rate of speed in double rings homonymous rotation is greater than that for single ring rotation and double rings reverse rotation on the inner and outer rings. Thus, the temperature change is higher for the former rotation than the latter two rotations. The oil film thickness for double rings reverse rotation is less than that for the other two types of rotations. The pressure distribution for the three types of rotations is more complex than the behaviour of the contact velocity and film. For variable speed, the temperature of the reverse rotation increases with the inner ring speed, which decreases as the outer ring speed increases. The temperature increases with the inner ring speed, which increases with the outer ring speed. The temperature of the double rings homonymous rotation or the reverse rotation increases with the load and slip. This manuscript can serve as a reference for research on the life and reliability of helicopter engine bearings under various rotation conditions.

We live in a technologically advanced society where we all use semiconductor chips in the majority of our gadgets, and the basic criterion concerning data storage and memory is a small footprint and low power consumption. SRAM is a very important part of this and can be used to meet all the above criteria. In this study, LTSpice software is used to come up with a high-performance sense amplifier circuit for low-power SRAM applications. Throughout this research, various power reduction approaches were explored, and the optimal solution has been implemented in our own modified SRAM design. In this article, the effect of power consumption and the reaction time of the suggested sense amplifier were also examined by adjusting the width-to-length (W/L) ratio of the transistor, the power supply, and the nanoscale technology. The exact amount of power used and the number of transistors required by different approaches to better comprehend the ideal technique are also provided. Our proposed design of a low-power sense amplifier has shown promising results, and we employ three variations of VLSI power reduction techniques to improve efficiency. Low-power SRAMs embrace the future of memory-centric neuromorphic computing applications.

Elektrikli araç kullanımının her geçen gün artmaktadır. Elektrikli araçların aktarma organlarında kullanılan döner mil keçelerinin çalışma koşulları, içten yanmalı motorlara göre daha zorludur. Elektrikli araçlarda kullanılan döner mil keçelerinin maksimum çalışma sıcaklığı 150°C ve maksimum çalışma hızı 16 000 Rpm'dir. Standart bir yaylı döner mil keçesinde bu çalışma koşullarında başarılı olmasının imkansız olması bizi alternatif tasarımlara yöneltmiştir. Bu çalışmada öncelikle yüksek hızlarda çalışabilen alternatif spiral tırtıllı keçe tasarımı yapılmıştır. Alternatif olarak tasarlanmış yüksek devirli keçemiz, kullanım ömrünü belirlemek için test edilmiştir. İlk tasarım yüksek devirli keçemiz 7 günün sonunda 5 ± 0.3 g sızıntı vermiştir. Deney sonrası yapılan incelemelerde 7 gün sonunda tırtılların silindiği tespit edilmiştir. Tasarlanan ilk yüksek devirli keçenin sonlu eleman modeli oluşturulmuş ve radyal yük kontrolü gerçekleştirilmiştir. Sonlu elemanlar modelinden elde edilen radyal yük değeri ile deneysel radyal yük değeri karşılaştırıldığında %4,3 civarında bir sapma olduğu görülmektedir. Bu veriler ışığında Abaqus'te oluşturulan FEA modelinin doğruluğu kanıtlanmıştır. Oluşturulan sonlu eleman modeli, I-sight yardımıyla sınır koşulları içinde optimize edilmiştir. Optimize edilmiş tasarım yüksek devirli keçenin bir prototipi üretilmiş ve ömür testi gerçekleştirilmiştir. Optimize edilmiş tasarıma ait prototip yüksek devirli keçenin, aynı test koşulları altında 13 gün sonra 4 ± 0.3 g sızıntı gözlemlenmiştir. Elektrikli araç üreticisi firmaların talep ettiği kullanım ömrü 10 gün olduğu için yüksek devirli keçe üzerinde yapılan optimizasyon sonucu elde edilen yeni tasarım uygun bulunmuştur. Yapılan sayısal ve deneysel çalışmalar sonucunda ömrü %95 oranında iyileştirilmiş bir yeni yüksek devirli keçe geliştirilmiş ve performans testleri ile doğrulanarak, endüstrileşme aşaması için tez kapsamında birlikte çalışılan kuruluş SKT A.Ş ile sonuçlar paylaşılmıştır. The use of electric vehicles is expected to increase day by day. The operating conditions of the rotary shaft seals used in the powertrain of electric vehicles are more challenging than those of internal combustion engines. The maximum operating temperature of seal used in electric vehicles is 150° C and the max. operating speed is 16 000 Rpm. It is impossible for a standard seal with a garter spring not to leak under these operating conditions, which has led us to turn to alternative designs. First of all, alternative spiral knurled seal that can operate at high speeds was designed in this study. Our alternatively designed seal was tested to determine lifetime. The first design seal had 5g ± 0.3 of leakage at the end of 7 days. In the examinations made after the experiment, it was observed that the spirals were deleted at the end of 7 days. A finite element model of the first designed seal was created and radial load control was performed. When the radial load value obtained from the finite element model and the experimental radial load value are compared, it is seen that there is a deviation of around 4.3%. In the light of these data, the accuracy of the FEA model created in the Abaqus has been proven. The created finite element model was optimized within the boundary conditions with the help of I-sight. A prototype of the optimized design seal was produced and a life-time test was carried out. The prototype seal of the optimized design had 4 ± 0.3 g of leakage after 13 days under the same test conditions. Since the lifetime requested by the customer is 10 days, the optimization made on the seal is considered appropriate. The lifetime of the seal was approximately 95% improved.

Unmanned equipment, such as unmanned underwater vehicles (UUVs) and unmanned surface vehicles (USVs), are widely used in marine science for underwater observation, rescue, military purposes, etc. However, current vehicles are not applicable in complex cross-domain scenarios, because they can only perform well in either surface navigation or underwater diving. This paper deals with the design and fabrication of a cross-domain vehicle (CDV) with four hydrofoils that can both navigate at high speed on the surface, like a USV and dive silently underwater, like a UUV. The CDV’s propulsion is provided by a water jet propeller and its dive is achieved by a vertical propeller. The effect of hydrofoils and the performance of the CDV were tested and characterized in experiments, which showed that the hydrofoils improved the stability and surface sailing speed of the CDV. The maximum speed of the CDV was up to 14 kn, which is the highest of its kind according to current knowledge. This work confirmed the feasibility of high-performance CDVs and provided useful information for further improvements to the design.

The need of compact machines increased in recent years due to increases in raw materials’ price. Hence, many studies are currently being conducted on high-speed challenges to propose an optimal design methodology. AC losses in windings are often not included in the optimization process and are treated in post-processing by choosing a suitable conductor’s diameter to mitigate skin and proximity effects. This paper presents an optimization and design methodology for high-speed electric machines considering these losses, using models with an interesting trade-off between computation time and accuracy, which is helpful for large-scale optimization, in which more than 9,600,000 machines are evaluated. Optimizations are conducted on 100 kW high-speed one-layer V-shaped interior permanent magnet synchronous machines, widely used in vehicles thanks to their high power density, based on the specifications of the Peugeot e208, for different values of pole pairs and maximum speed. The influence of lamination thickness, fill factor, and maximum current density on the optimal design is also investigated. This paper concludes the utility of increasing speed to achieve high power density and proposes best alternatives regarding automotive constraints. Results show that the number of pole pairs is not always a key parameter in obtaining the lowest volume, especially at high speed.

The current progress of energy-efficient high-speed VCSELs based on GaAs substrates is presented. Novel approaches for the design of VCSELs are presented, potentially leading to larger bandwidth bit rates and lower power consumption. The first approach is based on the optimization of the VCSEL photon lifetime. The second one introduces a novel design based on oxidizing the apertures from multiple etched holes of varying geometries. These designs are also essential for improving the energy efficiency of future modules by optimizing the match of the electronic driver and the photonic device.

The delivery device is one of the key components in ensuring uniform grain spacing and achieving high-speed precision seeding. In this paper, a new type of high-speed airflow-assisted delivery device for maize is presented. The gas–solid flow in the delivery device was numerically studied by the coupling method of CFD and DEM. The influence of the structural parameters of the delivery device on the movement of the seeds and the airflow field was analyzed in detail. The matching relationship between the inlet-airflow velocity and the operating speed of the seeder was explored. The results show that the position of the intake seed chamber mainly affects the negative pressure in the distribution area of the mixing chamber. The increase in the shrinkage angle results in the decrease in pressure loss and the decrease in airflow velocity in the delivery chamber. As the diffusion angle increases, the airflow forms a stable straight jet flow and the airflow velocity in the delivery chamber increases. As the ejection angle increases, the bouncing degree of the seed decreases, thereby ensuring the consistency of the seed-ejection direction. The research results show that, when the intake seed chamber is located in the middle, the shrinkage angle is 70°, the diffusion angle is 30°, and the exit angle is 60°, the air-assisted delivery device has better performance. With the increase in inlet wind speed, the seed-ejection speed can also be increased according to a certain proportion, which can meet the requirements of zero-speed seeding and ensure the uniformity of seed spacing, providing a new seed delivery scheme. In the future, if invasive damage to the seed shell is guaranteed to be minimized in high-speed airflow, the new delivery device can meet the requirements of precision seeding under high-speed conditions.

Measuring speed is a critical factor to reduce motion artifacts for dynamic scene capture. Phase-shifting methods have the advantage of providing high-accuracy and dense 3D point clouds, but the phase unwrapping process affects the measurement speed. This paper presents an absolute phase unwrapping method capable of using only three speckle-embedded phase-shifted patterns for high-speed three-dimensional (3D) shape measurement on a single-camera, single-projector structured light system. The proposed method obtains the wrapped phase of the object from the speckle-embedded three-step phase-shifted patterns. Next, it utilizes the Semi-Global Matching (SGM) algorithm to establish the coarse correspondence between the image of the object with the embedded speckle pattern and the pre-obtained image of a flat surface with the same embedded speckle pattern. Then, a computational framework uses the coarse correspondence information to determine the fringe order pixel by pixel. The experimental results demonstrated that the proposed method can achieve high-speed and high-quality 3D measurements of complex scenes.

The established view on the principle of action of high-speed windmills is denied. A solution is provided that determines the force of wind pressure on a symbolic blade, and it is also proven from practical data that the efficiency of low-speed systems (under certain conditions) is much higher than the theoretically established limit. Some practical recommendations for increasing the efficiency of towerless low-speed (sailing) wind energy systems are given, and references are made to theoretical evidence of the possibility of using wind energy at a height of five kilometers. Аннотация Отрицается устоявшийся взгляд на принцип действия быстроходных ветроколес. Приведено решение, определяющее силу давления ветра на лопасть, а также, на основе практических данных доказано, что эффективность тихоходных систем (при определенных условиях) значительно выше теоретически установленного предела. Даны некоторые практические рекомендации по повышению эффективности безбашенных тихоходных (парусных) ветроэнергетических установок, а также, приведены ссылки на теоретические доказательства возможности использования энергии ветра на высоте до пяти километров., {"references":["1.\tЮ.С. Лапшин. О возможности использования энергетического потенциала Атмосферы значительных высот. Ж. Екологічні Науки, № 21/2018, С - 92 – 96.","2.\tБолонкин А. А. Utilizftion of Wind Energy at Higt Altitude. Presented in International Еnergy Conversion Engineering Conference at Providence., RI,Aug. 2004. С - 16 -19.","3.\tЮ. С. Лапшин, С. А. Ардашов. Безбашенная ветроэнергетическая установка. Ж. Вістник КрНУ. Випуск 3(80). 2013. С. 50 – 53.","4.\tЖуковский Н. Е. О присоединенных вихрях, Избр. соч., т. 2, М. — Л., 1948. С - 35.","5.\tИ.А. Геросименко. Военно-десантная подготовка, часть 1. Веениздат. Москва. 1986. С – 35."]}

A clock coupled duty cycle detection method for high speed input-output is presented in this paper. In High speed systems duty cycle (DC) of output signal needs to be calibrated at 50% for having acceptable performance in the system. The proposed method introduces a synchronous signal in the output of system with 50% duty cycle with maximum 1 % error over process, voltage, and temperature (PVT). Proposed method also compensate input referred offset of DC detector which helps to improve overall system performance. The duty cycle detection method was implemented in 16nm technology with a power supply of 1.2V. With this type of designed architecture, the circuit can provide up to 5Gbps frequency data signal. Experimental results show that proposed architecture is reliable, and it can work operative in high frequency intervals. The presented circuit can be implemented in special serial links of several standards such as Peripheral Component Interconnect (PCI), Universal Serial Bus (USB) and Double Data Rate (DDR).

Digital image blending is commonly used in applications such as photo editing and computer graphics where two images are combined to produce a desired blended image. Digital images can be blended by addition or multiplication, and usually exact addition or multiplication is performed for image blending. In this paper, we evaluate the usefulness of inexact multiplication for digital image blending. Towards this, we describe how an exact array multiplier can be made inexact by introducing vertical cut(s) in it and assigning distinct combinations of binary values to the dangling inputs and product bits. We considered many 8-bit digital images for blending and the blended images obtained using exact and inexact multipliers are shown, which demonstrates the usefulness of inexact multiplication for image blending. For 8 × 8 image blending, one of our inexact array multipliers viz. IAM01-VC8 was found to achieve 63.3% reduction in area, 21% reduction in critical path delay, 72.3% reduction in power dissipation, and 78.1% reduction in energy compared to the exact array multiplier. In addition, IAM01-VC8 achieved 60.6% reduction in area, 9.7% reduction in critical path delay, 64.7% reduction in power dissipation, and 68.1% reduction in energy compared to the high-speed exact 8 × 8 multiplier that was automatically synthesized using a logic synthesis tool. The exact and inexact multipliers were physically realized using 32/28 nm CMOS process technology. Ministry of Education (MOE) Published version This research was funded by the Ministry of Education (MOE) Singapore, grant number MOE2018-T2-2-024.

Robustness is a key factor for real-time positioning and navigation, especially for high-speed vehicles. While visible light positioning (VLP) based on LED illumination and image sensors is widely studied, most of the VLP systems still suffer from the high positioning latency and the image blurs caused by high-speed movements. In this paper, a robust VLP system for high-speed vehicles is proposed based on a deep learning and data-driven approach. The proposed system can significantly increase the success rate of decoding VLP-LED user identifications (UID) from blurred images and reduce the computational latency for detecting and extracting VLP-LED stripe image regions from captured images. Experimental results show that the success rate of UID decoding using the proposed BN-CNN model could be higher than 98% when that of the traditional Zbar-based decoder falls to 0, while the computational time for positioning is decreased to 9.19 ms and the supported moving speed of our scheme can achieve 38.5 km/h. Therefore, the proposed VLP system can enhance the robustness against high-speed movement and guarantee the real-time response for positioning and navigation for high-speed vehicles.

This work deals with various investigations into the accuracy of a newly developed planar nanopositioning machine. This machine, called Nanofabrication Machine 100 (NFM-100), has a positioning range of 100 mm in diameter. To determine the precision, various movement scenarios are performed with the machine table, and the trajectory deviation from the set trajectory is determined. In particular, the focus is on high velocities of up to 20 mm/s. Even at high speeds in the range of several millimetres per second, this machine can impress with its performance and only has a deviation in the nanometre range.

Based on the introduction and analysis of difficulties encountered during technical inspection of the wire rope of a winding mine hoist (WMH) working at high speed, an open-loop permanent magnet magnetizer was used to simulate and analyze the effect of the structural dimensions of this magnetizer on the magnetic leakage field of a defect, and the results of the simulation analysis were initially verified by experiments. Additionally, in order to keep the axial position of the probe in line with the axial position of the wire rope, a rocker arm was proposed to act in coordination with a motor to drive the clutching open and closed probe, thereby creating an on-line nondestructive testing device to float and track the movement of the wire rope in different directions. Finally, the device was applied to testing of WMH wire rope on site to validate the effectiveness and feasibility of the method.

Controlling greenhouse gas emissions is becoming increasingly more important. With road freight contributing to a significant amount of energy usage, finding ways to improve this sector will in turn lead to large reductions in carbon dioxide emissions, with one method to achieve this being to use larger vehicles. Currently, prescriptive legislation dictates the dimensions a vehicle can take. An alternative to this is to use `Performance-Based Standards (PBS).' This involves determining a set of manoeuvres and performance metrics that a vehicle must perform and pass in order to be road-worthy, instead of saying a vehicle can be a certain size or a certain weight. Through innovation and optimisation, using this method will then allow larger vehicles that are safe for driving on the road to be built. The research conducted here involved creating a PBS framework based on low speed manoeuvrability for rigid delivery vehicles as well as assessing the high speed stability of articulated vehicles to determine whether they would be safe for use on urban roads. Additionally, design changes such as incorporating rear axle steering were considered to determine whether vehicles that had failed the proposed PBS framework could be made to pass.

The 6-slot/2-pole (6s/2p) permanent magnet motors with a diametrically magnetized PM rotor are popular for high speed application. Meanwhile, toroidal winding can not only reduce end-winding length but also eliminate unbalanced magnetic force for short axial length motors. Therefore, the electromagnetic performance of a 6s/2p high speed PM (HSPM) motor with toroidal windings is firstly analyzed, including air-gap flux density, flux linkage, back-EMF, cogging torque and electromagnetic torque. Then, considering modular design for auto-manufacturing, the influence of stator gap and misalignment on the electromagnetic performance is investigated. It shows that the stator gap results in unbalanced three phase back-EMFs, not only amplitudes, but also phase angles. The stator gap increases the equivalent air-gap length and PM flux leakage, which leads to lower air-gap flux density, back-EMF, and average torque. Moreover, the stator gap results in asymmetric air-gap length, which results in large cogging torque. Further, it shows that the misalignment of two stator parts mainly affects the uneven equivalent air-gap length and symmetry of winding configuration, which leads to unbalanced three phase back-EMFs, especially phase angles, and self- and mutual-inductances, as well as rotor PM loss. Experimental results of a prototype motor with/without stator gap and/or misalignment are given to validate the finite element predicted analyses.

This article presents a novel approximate adder that is design-optimized and has optimized error metrics. Optimization in design translates into optimization of the design parameters such as delay, power, and area/resources, and optimization of the error metrics points to the usefulness of the proposed approximate adder for practical applications. We refer to the proposed approximate adder that is hardware optimized and having a near-normal error distribution as HOAANED, in short. We consider the implementation of HOAANED and the other approximate adders based on ASIC and FPGA design environments. We used a Xilinx Artix-7 device for a FPGA implementation, and a 32/28-nm CMOS standard digital cell library for an ASIC based implementation. To demonstrate the practical utility of HOAANED, we considered digital image processing as a practical application and performed experimentation with many images. The quality of the images reconstructed using the approximate adders was analyzed based on the peak signal-to-noise ratio (PSNR), which is used as a qualitative figure-of-merit to assess the images. It is found that HOAANED achieves an improved PSNR in comparison with the other approximate adders for image processing, and this is achieved with HOAANED simultaneously featuring optimized design metrics and error characteristics. Ministry of Education (MOE) Published version This work was supported by the Ministry of Education, Singapore, under Grant MOE2018-T2-2-024.

The impact of the current vector angle on the performance of a synchronous reluctance motor (SynRM) with an axially laminated anisotropic (ALA) rotor intended for high-speed applications is studied. The paper shows that the current vector angle not only impacts on the stator winding Joule losses and iron losses, but also strongly influences eddy current losses in the rotor (when the rated torque is produced). The rotor eddy current losses are determined by the flux density harmonics produced by the stator. The air gap flux is affected both by the magnitude and angle of the current vector. However, the rotor surface harmonics are not directly related to the overall flux level (which can be quite low at a high current angle) but depend more on the values of the individual slot current linkages. Considering the dependence of rotor losses on the current vector angle, the most efficient operating point is suggested to be close to 45° or slightly larger, up to 65°, where a compromise between increasing rotor eddy current losses and winding Joule losses and decreasing stator iron losses is found. The eddy current loss distribution between the layers of an ALA rotor is analyzed in detail. With a larger current vector angle, the eddy current losses increase most in the layers close to the d-axis. This is explained by the largest current linkage in the stator slots that are in front of the layers close to the d-axis. The dependence of torque ripple on the current vector angle is also observed. An analysis of rotor and stator high-order harmonics, which determine the torque ripple, is performed.

Phase-change memory (PCM) has considerable promise for new applications based on von Neumann and emerging neuromorphic computing systems. However, a key challenge in harnessing the advantages of PCM devices is achieving high-speed operation of these devices at elevated temperatures, which is critical for the efficient processing and reliable storage of data at full capacity. Herein, we report a novel PCM device based on Ta-doped antimony telluride (Sb2Te), which exhibits both high-speed characteristics and excellent high-temperature characteristics, with an operation speed of 2 ns, endurance of > 106 cycles, and reversible switching at 140 °C. The high coordination number of Ta and the strong bonds between Ta and Sb/Te atoms contribute to the robustness of the amorphous structure, which improves the thermal stability. Furthermore, the small grains in the three-dimensional limit lead to an increased energy efficiency and a reduced risk of layer segregation, reducing the power consumption and improving the long-term endurance. Our findings for this new Ta–Sb2Te material system can facilitate the development of PCMs with improved performance and novel applications.

The high-temperature and high-speed permanent magnet synchronous generator (HTHSPMSG) is the core component ensuring the efficient and safe operation of the high-speed aircraft power supply system. At present, the existing iron loss model fails to meet the requirements for the precise calculation of the iron loss of HTHSPMSG under high-temperature and high-frequency conditions. In this paper, a 40 kW, 18,000 rpm HTHSPMSG is used to study the accurate calculation of iron loss at an ambient temperature of 350 °C. Considering the influence of high temperature and high frequency on the loss and performance of electromagnetic materials, a test platform for the loss performance of the magnetic core materials is established. Then, according to the loss performance of the electromagnetic material, the corresponding iron loss coefficient is fitted by the variable coefficient iron loss separation model. In addition, the digital twin field-circuit co-simulation method is proposed to guarantee the accuracy of the iron loss calculation. Then, the influence of carrier frequencies and modulation ratios on the iron loss characteristics of the HTHSPMSG under the conditions of SVPWM modulation is studied. Lastly, the effectiveness of the proposed method is verified by the experimental results, which provide a reference for the accurate analysis of iron loss of the same type of HTHSPMSG.

Aiming at the requirement of high speed and precision, low-power and large-capacity load of serial data interface for aerospace super large array(15k×15k) CMOS image sensor, a design scheme low voltage differential signal (LVDS) driver by combining the split-length method with the pre-emphasis technique is proposed. Firstly, comparing with the general design schemes, the present scheme uses the split-length compensation method to increase effectively the unity-gain bandwidth while keeping the op-amp gain constant. Secondly, the pre-emphasis technique is used to compensate the LVDS driver for high-frequency components to improve the driving capability of the capacitive load and high speed signal integrity (SI). The simulation results show that the accuracy of the common-mode feedback voltage is improved by using the split-length compensation method, and also the common-mode voltage changes below 15 mV. The pre-emphasis technique is used to enhance the amplitude of the high-frequency components lost during the high-speed transmission. The quality of the signal eye diagram during high-speed transmission reduces the bit error rate, and both the transmission rate and the driving load capacity are two times more than the general design (1.2 Gb/s@12 pF), and the quiescent current consumption is only 4.6 mA@12 pF. The present LVDS driver design is implemented in a typical CMOS process of 0.18 μm.

In the field of piezoelectric actuators, high speed piezoelectric stick-slip actuators have received considerable attention. A linear stick-slip piezoelectric actuator is proposed in this article, which combines asymmetric flexure hinge with triangular displacement amplification mechanism. The designed linear piezoelectric stick-slip actuator can achieve high speed at lower frequency. The configuration of the actuator and driving principle are illustrated and designed by theory and simulation. In order to study its performance, a prototype is fabricated, and an experimental system is established. The experimental results confirm that the maximum step efficiency of the prototype is 97.9 %. The maximum speed is 20.17 mm/s under the driving voltage of 100 V P-P , the driving frequency of 610 Hz and the locking force of 2.5 N. The maximum load capacity is 2.4 N under the locking force of 3.5 N. The proposed piezoelectric stick-slip actuator increases the step efficiency and improves the output speed at lower frequency.

The phenomenon of third-order harmonics in synchronous reluctance motors (SynRMs) with an axially laminated anisotropic (ALA) rotor is studied. The paper shows that a specific rotor geometry can distort the air-gap flux density and induce third-order currents in the stator winding if it is delta connected. The third-order currents in different phases have the same phase shift angle and cannot, therefore, produce a rotating air-gap flux. Instead, they produce an air-gap flux that pulsates in time, and thus, causes eddy current losses in the rotor conducting parts. The phenomenon was described and proven with finite element simulation (FEM) of a 12 kW high-speed ALASynRM. The research underlines the importance of considering the third harmonic phenomenon in the design of a two-pole ALASynRM intended for high-speed applications, where a specific rotor geometry with a wide magnetically conducting middle layer is required.

Despite CNN-based deblur models have shown their superiority when solving motion blurs, restoring a photorealistic image from severe motion blur remains an ill-posed problem due to the loss of temporal information and textures. Event cameras such as Dynamic and Active-pixel Vision Sensor (DAVIS) can simultaneously produce gray-scale Active Pixel Sensor (APS) frames and events, which can capture fast motions as events of very high temporal resolution, i. e., $1~\mu s$ , can provide extra information for blurry APS frames. Due to the natural noise and sparsity of events, we employ a recurrent encoder-decoder architecture to generate dense recurrent event representations, which encode the overall historical information. We concatenate the original blurry image with the event representation as our hybrid input, from which the network learns to restore the sharp output. We conduct extensive experiments on GoPro dataset and a real event blurry dataset captured by DAVIS240C. Our experimental results on both synthetic and real images demonstrate state-of-the-art performance for $1280\times 720 $ images at 30 fps.

The impact of the thickness of the magnetic and nonmagnetic layers in an axially laminated anisotropic (ALA) rotor in a synchronous reluctance motor (SynRM) aimed at high-speed applications was studied. Considering possible manufacturing issues, the layers are desired to be thick rather than thin. At the same time, the layer thickness is related to the electromagnetic capabilities of the ALASynRM. In the study, a 12 kW ALASynRM was considered. As a reference, a 12 kW IM with a smooth solid rotor with copper end rings was used for comparison with the designed ALASynRM. The manufacturing procedures of an ALA rotor with certain materials were verified in practice. Strength tests of the samples were implemented showing the suitability of the selected materials for application in the prototype. In the electromagnetic design, the thickness of the ALA rotor layers has shown to have a significant impact on the rotor eddy current losses. The stator iron losses and the winding Joule losses also depend on the rotor design. Torque ripple is considerably affected by the thickness of the rotor layers and their position in relation to the stator slots.

The performance capabilities of an axially laminated anisotropic rotor (ALA) in a high-speed synchronous reluctance motor (SynRM) were studied. A 12 kW ALASynRM was designed as an alternative to a high-speed induction motor (IM) with a solid rotor. The electromagnetic design was implemented taking into account possible issues related to the new manufacturing methods, which require thicker rotor layers than in a typical ALA. The ALASynRM shows a higher efficiency than the corresponding IM with a smooth or slitted solid rotor equipped with copper end rings. To verify the design method, a prototype IM with a smooth solid rotor was built and tested. In the analysis, it was found that, similar to IMs, in an ALASynRM a considerable part of losses takes place in the rotor despite the absence of slip-related losses in the SynRM. The distribution of eddy current losses in the ALA rotor is significantly uneven. The torque ripple in the ALASynRM is considerably larger than the corresponding ripple in IMs.

The laminated rotor Induction Machine (IM), with its simple construction and manufacturing, robustness, ease of control and comparatively lower cost remains by far the most utilized electromechanical energy converter. At very high speeds, traditionally its use is considered to be limited to the previously established operational limits of 2.5 × 105 rpm√kW, beyond which the surface Permanent Magnet (PM) Machine and the solid rotor Induction Machine become the machines available for consideration. The aforesaid limits are derived from the use of classic materials. This paper reviews the recent developments in electrical steels and copper alloys and translates these into the resulting performance entitlement and operational limits through a case study involving a marine application, for which an existing rare-earth PM machine is in use. It is concluded that with novel materials, laminated rotor induction machines can be operated up to 6 × 105 rpm√kW, thus opening the use of the rare-earth free Induction Machine for a wider application range previously limited to PM machines.

Since about one and half centuries ago, at the dawn of modern communications, the radio and the optics have been two separate electromagnetic spectrum regions to carry data. Differentiated by their generation/detection methods and propagation properties, the two paths have evolved almost independently until today. The optical technologies dominate the long-distance and high-speed terrestrial wireline communications through fiber-optic telecom systems, whereas the radio technologies have mainly dominated the short- to medium-range wireless scenarios. Now, these two separate counterparts are both facing a sign of saturation in their respective roadmap horizons, particularly in the segment of free-space communications. The optical technologies are extending into the mid-wave and long-wave infrared (MWIR and LWIR) regimes to achieve better propagation performance through the dynamic atmospheric channels. Radio technologies strive for higher frequencies like the millimeter-wave (MMW) and sub-terahertz (sub-THz) to gain broader bandwidth. The boundary between the two is becoming blurred and intercrossed. During the past few years, we witnessed technological breakthroughs in free-space transmission supporting very high data rates, many achieved with the assistance of photonics. This paper focuses on such photonics-assisted free-space communication technologies in both the lower and upper sides of the THz gap and provides a detailed review of recent research and development activities on some of the key enabling technologies. Our recent experimental demonstrations of high-speed free-space transmissions in both frequency regions are also presented as examples to show the system requirements for device characteristics and digital signal processing (DSP) performance. QC 20220614

The development of terahertz integrated circuits is vital for realizing sixth-generation (6G) wireless communication, high-speed on-chip interconnects, high-resolution imaging, on-chip biosensors, and fingerprint chemical detection. Nonetheless, the existing terahertz on-chip devices suffer from reflection, and scattering losses at sharp bends or defects. Recently discovered topological phases of light endow the photonics devices with extraordinary properties, such as reflectionless propagation and robustness against impurities or defects, which is vital for terahertz integrated devices. Leveraging the robustness of topological edge states combined with a low-loss silicon platform is poised to offer a remarkable performance of the terahertz devices providing a breakthrough in the field of terahertz integrated circuits and high-speed interconnects. In this Perspective, we present a brief outlook of various terahertz functional devices enabled by a photonic topological insulator that will pave the path for augmentation of complementary metal oxide semiconductor compatible terahertz technologies, essential for accelerating the vision of 6G communication and beyond to enable ubiquitous connectivity and massive digital cloning of physical and biological worlds. National Research Foundation (NRF) Published version A.K., M.G., P.P., N.W., and R.S. would like to acknowledge the research funding support from National Research Foundation (NRF) Singapore (Grant No. NRF-CRP23-2019-0005). M.F. acknowledges the Core Research for Evolutional Science and Technology (CREST) program of the Japan Science and Technology Agency (Grant No. JPMJCR 21C4), KAKENHI, Japan (Grant No. 20H01064), and the commissioned research by National Institute of Information and Communications Technology (NICT), Japan (Grant No. 03001).

The development of new industrial applications has diverted the focus of research towards compacter and faster rotatory drives. These requirements push the classical ball-bearings of electric motors to the limits in terms of operational lifetime and friction losses. Advances in sensor systems, electronics, and semiconductors have thus rendered contactless, magnetically-levitated drives as a compelling alternative for the miniaturization of drives and the striving towards high rotational speeds. The possibility of hermetically sealing the rotor and stator has also opened new industrial applications in which high purity and robust operation are required. In this thesis, the conception of a compact yet simple magnetically-levitated electric drive is approached, from its analytical basis to the constitution of sensor systems, until the fabrication of two operating prototypes. One of the prototypes is ultimately deployed as a functioning actuator at high rotatory speeds. This thesis thus tackles the different subjects that epitomize the complexity of a magnetically-levitated drive. In this regard, literature research is initially performed to investigate which structures of electric motors have successfully integrated magnetic bearings. A focused analysis upon small magnetically-levitated drives shows that few small flat drives -deemed as ''disc drives''- have been tested with a mechanical load. The lack of documented electric motors at this scale and speed, working with a mechanical load, thus represents a novel, untasted research opportunity. This work treats the electromagnetic principles that enable the magnetic levitation and spinning of drives. For better accuracy, the computational modelling of magnetically-levitated disc drives, along with an assessment of their passive, active, and power loss characteristics is proposed. A framework and a parametric analysis for the evaluation of these characteristics are provided. Followingly, an analysis of different contactless sensor possibilities is supplied. The composition of an adjustable, low-cost system for the estimation of rotor position is presented. This that can be easily integrated into existing magnetic levitation systems. The correct electromagnetic conception of the drives and its relevant sensor system, coupled to readily available electronics result in two working prototypes. One of these is deployed as an axial blower, which can turn at speeds of 10000 rpm, blow airflows of 40 liter/min, and attain differential pressures of 10 Pa. Finally, the lessons drawn from this manuscript are summarized, and future research work -that can improve the existing hardware, validate the electromagnetic design framework, or ameliorate alternative sensor systems- is proposed.

High-speed has always been a primary development direction for electric machines because of the constantly growing application area and the fact that high-speed can increase the power density by many folds. The interior permanent magnet synchronous machine (IPMSM) has many desirable characteristics, such as high efficiency, excellent controllability, extensive constant-power speed range (CPSR), additional reluctance torque, and lower risk of demagnetisation. Hence, the increase of the maximum speed of IPMSMs is getting substantial attention from both the industry and academia. However, in terms of the highest possible speed, the development of IPMSM is far behind most other types of electric machines. This is because of the conflicting characteristics between the electromagnetic performances and the mechanical robustness of the IPMSM rotor. The maximum speed achieved in laminated rotor IPMSMs is currently limited at 50,000 rpm and 1.5×105 rpm√kW, which is only 25% of what has been achieved by a laminated rotor induction machine. This research attempts to analyse the causes of the speed limit of IPMSM posed by its rotor mechanical strength. With a thorough understanding of the limits, this project proposes methods to mitigate these limitations via a multiphysics multi-objective optimisation. With the aid of the optimisation process, a novel IPMSM rotor topology capable of breaking the existing speed limit of 50,000 rpm and increasing the rpm√kW to 2.24×105 was developed. The thesis presents the detailed analysis, design optimisation, and development of the prototype high-speed IPMSM. The conventional distributed winding is selected because it allows reduced rotor core loss at high speeds. The feasibility of applying the conventional IPMSM rotor topologies such as the flat-, V-, and spoke-types in the target design was analysed thoroughly using both finite element models (FEM) and the analytical models. In a comprehensive evaluation of their performances considering the major physical aspects, it was found that none of the conventional rotor topologies is ideal to withstand the excessive mechanical stress induced at high speeds. A thorough understanding of the limitations of the conventional rotor topologies has led to the proposal of a novel IPMSM rotor topology. It was developed via a mechanical-strength-oriented evolution process giving considerations to multiphysics domains. Its structure was inspired by a double-tied arch bridge (DAB), and hence, it is named DAB-type rotor topology. Compared to a flat-type rotor optimised for mechanical robustness, the DAB-type rotor can achieve a 40% reduction in the maximum mechanical stress (MMS). In order to optimise the high-speed IPMSM, a fast and accurate multiphysics multi-objective optimisation package was explicitly developed. The package utilises accurate analytical models and computationally efficient techniques in FEM-based calculations resulting in a significant reduction of the total computation time. The proof-of-concept of the novel IPMSM was constructed to verify the predicted high-speed performances experimentally. The measured performances were found to match very well with the predicted values. In order to investigate the practical applicability of the proposed novel high-speed IPMSM, it was compared with an existing surface-type PMSM (SPMSM) developed for the air compressor of a commercial air-conditioner. In addition, in a scale-up study, the potential of the proposed design for other types of high-speed applications was explored.

This article presents a single-channel voltage-scalable 8-GS/s 8-b time-domain analog-to-digital-converter (TD-ADC). It breaks the speed limit of traditional TD-ADC by leveraging asynchronous pipeline successive approximation (APSA), which reduces the quantization period to approximate one-stage time-domain comparator decision time. A co-design methodology of voltage-to-time converter (VTC) and time-to-digital converter (TDC) is proposed to optimize the ADC linearity without increasing the complexity or power consumption, reducing the linearity request of VTC. In addition, concurrent charge redistribution and voltage pull-up is deployed in the VTC, supporting the rail-to-rail input and enabling voltage scalability. The TD-ADC is fabricated in 28-nm CMOS and occupies an active area of 0.011 mm 2 , demonstrating 39.2-dB signal-to-noise-distortion ratio (SNDR) and 56.1-dB spurious-free dynamic range (SFDR) at 0.9 V, 8-GS/s with 85.3-mW power dissipation and 37.6-dB SNDR and 56.3 dB SFDR at 0.7 V, 5.05 GS/s with 23.1-mW power dissipation, achieving 143.1-and 74.3-fJ/conv.-step Nyquist Walden figure of merit (FoM W ), respectively. Ministry of Education (MOE) This work was supported by the Singapore Ministry of Education Academic Research Fund Tier 2 under Grant MOE2019-T2-1-114.

Approximate arithmetic circuits are an attractive alternative to accurate arithmetic circuits because they have significantly reduced delay, area, and power, albeit at the cost of some loss in accuracy. By keeping errors due to approximate computation within acceptable limits, approximate arithmetic circuits can be used for various practical applications such as digital signal processing, digital filtering, low power graphics processing, neuromorphic computing, hardware realization of neural networks for artificial intelligence and machine learning etc. The degree of approximation that can be incorporated into an approximate arithmetic circuit tends to vary depending on the error resiliency of the target application. Given this, the manual coding of approximate arithmetic circuits corresponding to different degrees of approximation in a hardware description language (HDL) may be a cumbersome and a time-consuming process—more so when the circuit is big. Therefore, a software tool that can automatically generate approximate arithmetic circuits of any size corresponding to a desired accuracy would not only aid the design flow but also help to improve a designer’s productivity by speeding up the circuit/system development. In this context, this paper presents ‘Approximator’, which is a software tool developed to automatically generate approximate arithmetic circuits based on a user’s specification. Approximator can automatically generate Verilog HDL codes of approximate adders and multipliers of any size based on the novel approximate arithmetic circuit architectures proposed by us. The Verilog HDL codes output by Approximator can be used for synthesis in an FPGA or ASIC (standard cell based) design environment. Additionally, the tool can perform error and accuracy analyses of approximate arithmetic circuits. The salient features of the tool are illustrated through some example screenshots captured during different stages of the tool use. Approximator has been made open-access on GitHub for the benefit of the research community, and the tool documentation is provided for the user’s reference. Ministry of Education (MOE) Published version This research was funded by the Ministry of Education (MOE), Singapore under an academic research fund Tier-2 grant MOE2018-T2-2-024.

We report on our latest developments of a planar fiber-chip-coupling scheme, using angle polished, polarization maintaining (PM) fibers. Most integrated photonic chip components are polarization sensitive and a suitable way to launch several wavelength channels to the chip with the same polarization is the use of PM fibers. Those impose several challenges at processing and handling to achieve a stable, permanent, and low-loss coupling. We present the processing of the fibers in detail and experimental results for our planar and compact fiber-chip-coupling technique. Summary High performance optical links using wavelength division multiplexing (WDM) are the future in detector instrumentation to increase data transmission bandwidth and reduce fiber count. A key component of such a system is a compact and efficient fiber-chip-coupling, connecting a photonic chip to the optical glass fibers. As most components of integrated photonic chips are polarization sensitive, one can use lossy on-chip polarization-insensitive couplers and polarization controllers or use polarization maintaining (PM) fibers to feed the required polarization directly from the lasers without the need of further manipulation. Our fiber-chip-coupling uses optical single mode glass fibers, whose tip is polished to a certain angle, so that light is reflected radially out of the fiber by total internal reflection at a defined angle, as shown in figure a). The fiber is positioned parallel to the chip surface with the tip above an on-chip grating coupler, so that the radially emitted light hits the grating coupler, which diffracts the light into an on-chip waveguide for further on-chip routing [1, 2]. PM fibers, however, are not axially symmetric due to the strain rods close to the fiber core to introduce birefringence (figure b)). Therefore fiber-chip-coupling becomes more challenging, as the angle of in-axis rotation has to be very well defined. For our process the angle is adjusted for the polishing process with an error of less than 0.3°. To achieve this, a special setup was developed (figure c)), which allows a precise fiber rotation before gluing the fibers to a fiber holder for polishing. For alignment, the front facet of a cleaved PM fiber with its core, cladding, and, most important, strain rods is imaged by a camera with a microscope objective. The camera picture is analyzed by a machine vision system, extracting the contours of the fiber and the strain rods, calculating the rotation angle and indicating if the angle is in an acceptable range. To display the glass strain rods inside the cladding glass, special lighting and contrast enhancement is required. The following polishing process is essential for a low-loss coupling, as the angle of the polished surface to the fiber axis and the surface quality are equally important. To maintain the polishing angle, a special polishing fixture with a parallelogram guidance was developed and 3D-printed (figure d). Several silicon carbide grinding discs and diamond suspensions with decreasing grain sizes were used for polishing. After removing the polished fibers from their respective holders, a final thermal cleaning and fine polishing step was used to get a smooth mirror surface. We will present the setup to initially adjust the PM fibers for polishing, the optimized polishing process providing a recipe to reproduce the results, as well as measurement results of fiber-chip-coupling experiments. [1] D. Karnick et al., ”Optical Links for Detector Instrumentation: On-Detector Multi-Wavelength Silicon Photonic Transmitters” JINST, DOI 10.1088/1748-0221/12/03/C03078 [2] D. Karnick et al., “Efficient, easy-to-use, planar fiber-to-chip coupling process with angle-polished fibers”, 67th ECTC, DOI 10.1109/ECTC.2017.245

In pursuit of new biobased materials for a sustainable world, glasswort (Salicornia europaea) was utilized in this study as a natural fiber to develop a biocomposite material. Glasswort (GW) reinforced high-density polyethylene (HDPE) composites at different GW percentages were prepared with a high-speed thermo-kinetic mixer. The effect of GW on HDPE composites was thoroughly investigated with Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy, tensile and flexural tests, dynamic mechanical analysis, water contact angle measurements, and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). A new method was also developed by seawater immersion of samples to conduct microbiological analysis. The method included bacteria population count with respect to time. Biointegration was reported to increase as 25% for 20 wt% GW-filled HDPE. The tensile modulus of HDPE increased up to 20% with GW inclusion. The unique properties of this novel composite material proved that GW can be a promising natural fiber for polymer composites. © 2021 Taylor & Francis., IKC-ÖNP-MÜM-0002 project supported by Izmir Katip Celebi University Research Funds is greatly acknowledged.

A stepping piezoelectric actuator is proposed with large stroke and high speed. The piezoelectric actuator consists of two symmetrical stators and a mover. The actuator can operate with a “double-drive, four-clamp” mode. The proposed actuator solves the problems of short stroke, low speed, and small load inherent in the currently published stepping piezoelectric actuators. By combining Workbench software with APDL language, finite element simulation and statics and dynamics analysis are carried out to guide the design of the actuator. The new piezoelectric simulation method can solve the difficulties regarding parameter setting and loading voltage on multiple interfaces for a complex piezoelectric model. Therefore, the novel method is helpful to develop the simulation of multilayer thin piezoelectric devices. The prototype of the actuator is developed and tested. Experimental results show that the actuator can run stably in the range of 0 to 600 Hz. The driving stroke is greater than 85 mm, the resolution can reach 535 nm, the maximum driving speed is 6.11 mm/s, and the maximum load is 49 N.

This paper presents customized Systolic Array Architecture (SAA) design of Dual Tree Complex Wavelet (DTCWT) sub band computation based on multiplexed Distributive Arithmetic Algorithm (DAA). The proposed architecture is memory efficient and operates at frequencies greater than 300 MHz in decomposing 256 x 256 input images. Three architectures such as reduced order structure, multiplexed DA structure and zero pad structure are designed and evaluated for its performances for DTCWT computation minimizing arithmetic operations with improved latency. The proposed design is modeled in Verilog HDL and is implemented on Spartan-6 and Virtex-5 FPGA considering Xilinx ISE FPGA design flow. The latency of proposed architectures is evaluated to be 15 clock cycles and throughput is estimated to be 4 outputs for every 5 clock cycles. The SAA architecture occupies less than 12% of FPGA resources and consumes less than 10 mW of power on FPGA platform.

[EN] Sensors based on Bragg gratings inscribed in conventional single mode fibers are expensive due to the need of a sophisticated, but low-speed, interrogation system. As an alternative to overcome this issue, in this work, it is proposed and demonstrated the use of coupled-core optical fiber Bragg gratings. It was found that the relative reflectivity from such gratings changed when the coupled-core fiber was subjected to point or periodic bending. This feature makes the interrogation of such gratings simple, fast, and cost-effective. The reflectivity changes of the gratings are attributed to the properties of the supermodes supported by the coupled-core fiber. As potential applications of the referred gratings, intensity-modulated vector bending and vibration sensing are demonstrated. We believe that the results reported here can pave the way to the development of many inexpensive sensors. Besides, coupled-core fiber Bragg gratings may expand the use of grating technology in other areas., This work is part of the Projects No. PGC2018-101997-B-I00 and RTI2018-094669-B-C31 funded by the MCIN/AEI/10.13039/501100011033/and FEDER, Una manera de hacer Europa; and the scholarship PAID-01-18 Granted by the Universitat Politecnica de Valencia.