Search

In this article, we reply to ‘Ethics and Epistemic Injustice in the Global South’ (Kaur et al. 2023), a response to the original article ‘Covert Qualitative Research as a Method to Study Human Rights Under Authoritarian Regimes’ (Hopman 2022). Our reply is written by authors who have expertise and direct experience with the issues at stake (authoritarianism, Global North/Global South relations, covert research methods, epistemic injustice). We show that while there are some interesting points raised in the response article, in general, it does not do justice to the arguments presented in the original article. Instead it constructs a ‘straw man’ by misrepresenting claims in the original article, attributing to it assumptions that were not there, and lumping together notions such as authoritarian zones and Global South, that were not equated in the original article. After providing arguments for this position and discussing the main topics of the critique, we present two new elements: first, a contribution by someone from Moroccan controlled Western Sahara (MCWS), who experienced covert research as a research participant. Second, an overview of lessons learned from this exchange. These include: 1) instead of authoritarian zones, ‘authoritarian situations’ is a more appropriate concept; 2) projects using covert research should strive to include overt and participatory elements; 3) a response article alleging epistemic injustice should create space for the people concerned to speak for themselves.

This paper addresses the lukewarm reaction exhibited by most of the Global South (GS) states regarding the Russo-Ukraine war. Despite the massive campaigning from the West for the world to side with Ukraine and go against Russia, only a few of the GS states follow through with this narration. Most of them choose to pledge neutrality instead, which is unexpected if one considers that the majority of the GS also experienced military aggressions and occupations in the past. By employing qualitative research methods, this paper is written to provide an interpretation of this phenomenon through the English School perspective, precisely its argument regarding the concepts of the ‘International System,’ ‘International Society,’ and ‘World Society’ spectrum. This paper finds that this condition happens because the GS perceives the Russo-Ukrainian conflict as an ‘alien’ conflict largely detached from the GS’ own international society, which has a separate model of interactions built upon a long span of historical events unrelated to both Russia and Ukraine. This sense of viewing the conflict as ‘foreign’ emerges from the perspective of this conflict being fought amongst the ‘Global North’ states. This means that both belligerents are conceptually equal in terms of being actors from ‘outside’ the international society of the GS. Other than that, the GS also has shared norms that go against the interventionist policies advocated by the GN states. However, the loose notion of ‘World Society’ is still viable, as, despite the North-South divide, both societies share the expected value of a nation-state’s sovereignty.

The rapid and deep decarbonization of global industry is key to reaching climate policy targets, yet it remains an incredibly difficult challenge. We propose six bold steps for accelerating progress on achieving net-zero industrial carbon emissions by mid-century with a focus on lessons learned and emerging analysis from both the Global North and Global South, the latter of which we consider as low or middle income countries primarily located in Africa, Asia and Latin America. These steps are (1) quintupling financing, (2) expediting technology transfer, (3) investing in human resources, (4) setting binding targets, (5) steering social acceptance and (6) enacting a new global treaty and shaping climate clubs. Perhaps surprisingly, there are more than thirty effective historical and contemporary initiatives to learn from, showcasing a rich tapestry of previous efforts and templates to build on and to inform net-zero decarbonization efforts.

This article analyzes Chinese migration policies through historical and comparative lenses in an attempt to cross conceptual divides in existing literature on migration policies. The first part of the article offers an empirically grounded overview of developments in Chinese migration policies in the two decades after the regime changes of 1949 and 1978. A second analytical section brings together literature on the Global North, Global South, and Asian and Chinese migrations and migration policies. The article posits the following three main points. First, literature on the Global South is valuable for theorizing Chinese migration policies in that it highlights emigration and development rather than immigration as in the “migration state” (Hollifield). However, prioritizing economic objectives, it fails to consider Chinese migration policies in relation to identity formation and nation-building under the influence of wars and decolonization processes, what Adamson and Tsourapas have called “nationalizing” policies. Second, the article notes the significance of ethnic return migration in Chinese policies, which is overlooked in literature on the Global South, but examined in literature on Asian migrations. Finally, the article posits that the nexus between internal and external migration in a Chinese context offers critical insights for theorizing migration policies. Ministry of Education (MOE) Nanyang Technological University Accepted version This work was supported by the Agence Française de Développement / French Development Agency (Grant number IRS/ECO/492-2018) and by a Tier 1 Grant, Singapore Ministry of Education / Nanyang Technological University (AcFR Grant number RG 78/16).

The article reflects the results of research in the North-South Group focused on the development of the polycentric, personalized and mobile Universe, while the ensemble of interconnected influential concepts (postmodernity and postcoloniality) had been analyzed. The current view on globalization as a political and economic cohesion of the modern world, contrasts the view on global restructuring as a consequence of the crisis of institutions of world bureaucracy, collectivist ideo-party totality, others unifying administrative and sociocultural mechanics. Attention is drawn to the trends of individuation and privatization, substitution of subordination by subsidiarity, which reflects the crisis of the national statehood format. The complex reality that arises in the bosom of modern culture, implements its own polycentricity, based not on the etatist symphony, but on a distributed set of diasporas, corporate or personal sovereignty. Postmodernity, denying the former world order, reproduces the semblance of a post-colonial situation, which allows us to turn to the experience of countries that have gained political sovereignty and mastered their new status in its various versions. Coloniality is understood as the result of hegemony, which goes beyond the prevailing interpretation of colonialism, but as a repressive emanation of the hegemonic world, offering subaltern other two modus of behavior: submission or subjugation assimilation, denying the legality of alternative self-realization or resistance. Pathos of post-modern, post-imperial and post-colonial positions declares the right of the individual and the communities to realize their original identity, dissimilation of former loyalties and sovereign search for alternatives. The universal quest is for political, sociocultural and semantic counter-hegemony, which also denies the current world to be an instrument of the modal-assimilation complex knowledge - power. The urgency of this problem was confirmed by the riots that broke out in the United States and other parts of the world in 2020.

Private military and security companies (PMSCs) are established actors in the global militaryindustry. The adaptation to utilize PMSCs as a complement to national militaries has increased their importance significantly. PMSCs have gained attention due to similarities with outlawed mercenary activity, causing legal implications and difficulties regulating them. However, the risks that PMSC recruits experience are not addressed sufficiently. Thus, this study aims to scrutinize and analyze how PMSCs recruitment relates to risk, which risks exist for the recruits, and how the recruits’ origin affects risks. By developing the idea of Risk-Transfer War with the Global South and Global North concept, the study gains insight into how Risk-Transfer can beextended to the private military industry. The study shows that economic, physical, and political risks are present for PMSC recruits, and the recruits from the Global South are the most affectedby them. The globalized private military industry enables countries that utilize PMSCs which recruit from the Global South, to get a cheaper, more flexible workforce with fewer politicalimplications. However, the Global South recruits are paid less than their Northern colleagues, they are getting little to no recognition for their sacrifices while risking their lives for the secompanies in hopes of a better livelihood. By understanding PMSCs and their recruitmentprocesses better, we can adjust issues in current regulations.

Доказывается, что динамику и характер структурных трансформаций в современной мировой экономике во многом определяет столкновение процессов индустриализации 2.0 Глобального Юга и попыток запустить новую волну индустриализации Глобального Севера. Для подтверждения на материалах Всемирного банка впервые составлены и проанализированы 3 рейтинга 50 ведущих промышленных держав на 2004-2020-2021 гг. Показано удвоение вклада стран Глобального Юга в мировое промышленное производство за 2004-2021 гг. и их доминирование в производстве и запасах базовых энергоносителей и ключевых минералов для энергоперехода. Разобраны основные направления сдерживания промышленного развития Глобального Юга и его обоюдоострые последствия., The paper proves that the dynamics and nature of structural transformations in the modern world economy are largely determined by the collision of industrialization 2.0 in the Global South and attempts to launch new industrialization in the Global North. To confirm this suggestion, basing on the World Bank data 3 ratings of the 50 largest industrial economies in the world for 2004-2020-2021 were compiled and examined for the first time. The research findings show the doubling of the Global South’s contribution to global industrial production for 2004-2021 and its dominance in the production and reserves of basic energy resources and key minerals for energy transition. The main constraints to industrial development in the Global South and its doubleedged consequences for the Global North are considered.

Die vorliegende Arbeit beschäftigt sich mit der Sozialen Arbeit in Ländern der East African Community. Die immer noch in der Soziallandschaft verankerten kolonialen Strukturen machen auch vor der Sozialen Arbeit in ostafrikanischen Ländern keinen Halt. Die vom globalen Norden eingeführte Profession unterdrückte bereits vorhandene indigene Unterstützungs- und Hilfssysteme. Die lokale Soziale Arbeit verlangt nach einer Indigenisierung, um auf die Kontexte der örtlichen Problemlagen einzugehen und adäquat reagieren zu können. Die Inhalte der einschlägigen Ausbildung sind durchzogen von westlichem Wissen und beinhalten kaum lokale Informationen. Die lokale Soziale Arbeit kann auf viele indigene Ansätze zurückgreifen und somit einen Großteil der vielfältigen Handlungsfelder mit traditionellen Konzepten abdecken. Schlussendlich wird auf das Projekt PROSOWO eingegangen, welches längst überfällige lokale Forschung betrieb und sich stark für eine indigene Soziale Arbeit in Ostafrika einsetzt. This thesis deals with social work in countries of the East African Community. The colonial structures are still deeply anchored in the social landscape. The modernised profession, which was introduced by the global North, suppressed already existing indigenous social support and assistance systems. The east african social work requires indigenization in order to address the contexts of the local situations and to respond adequately. The curricula of social work education are steeped in Western knowledge and contain very little local information. Social work within the East African Community can draw on many indigenous approaches and thus cover a large part of the diverse fields of action with traditional concepts. Finally, the project PROSOWO is discussed, which conducted long overdue local research and is strongly committed to promote indigenous social work in East Africa.

This discussion paper calls for broadening the scope of research on cities and migration, both empirically and theoretically, by applying a relational comparative perspective. It pleas to rethink how cities are studied and compared in migration studies. Although cities have become central reference points in migration research since the ›local turn‹, most studies still focus primarily on capital cities and gateway cities as self-contained spaces in the Global North. These biases lead to blind spots in the production of knowledge regarding the migration–city nexus. Newer theoretical, empirical, and methodological perspectives offer possible ways out by decentering migration and focusing on the multiple relations sustained in and across cities in the Global South and North. Die Aushandlung von Migration in Städten: eine relational vergleichende Perspektive In diesem Diskussionspapier rufen wir dazu auf, die Forschung über Städte und Migration sowohl empirisch als auch theoretisch um eine relational vergleichende Perspektive zu erweitern. Es plädiert dafür, die Art und Weise, wie Städte in der Migrationsforschung untersucht und verglichen werden, zu überdenken. Obwohl Städte seit dem ›local turn‹ zu zentralen Bezugspunkten in der Migrationsforschung geworden sind, konzentrieren sich die meisten Studien weiterhin hauptsächlich auf Hauptstädte und Gateway-Cities als in sich geschlossene Räume im Globalen Norden. Dieser Blick führt zu blinden Flecken bei der Produktion von Wissen an der Schnittstelle von Stadt und Migration. Neuere theoretische, empirische und methodische Perspektiven bieten mögliche Auswege, indem sie Migration dezentrieren und sich auf die vielfältigen Beziehungen konzentrieren, die in und zwischen Städten im Globalen Süden und im Globalen Norden bestehen., Journal of Migration Studies, Online-First-Artikel

Since its introduction, the concept of “nature-based solutions” has gained much attention, drawing public funds and private investments. Nature-based solutions conceptualise the use of nature in planning as a cost-efficient and sustainable means to address societal, economic, and ecological challenges. However, this “triple win” premise tends to conceal potentially resulting injustices, such as displacement through green gentrification. While these injustices have attracted the attention of environmental justice scholars, as exemplified by the “just green enough” approach, links to the “nature-based solutions” concept are mostly implicit. Further, the concept of environmental privilege, questioning who benefits from created natural amenities, has rarely been taken up. This article, therefore, argues that environmental justice should be linked closely to nature-based solutions. Supported by a theoretical perspective, the article aims at exploring who benefits from, and who loses out on, urban nature-based solutions processes. It builds on a qualitative literature review of the scholarly landscape on environmental justice and urban greening while linking to nature-based solutions, adding perspectives of environmental privilege. In this, it attempts to offer three important contributions to the current academic discussion. First, the article provides an overview of the debate on urban greening, (in)justice, and environmental privilege. Second, it relates the concept of nature-based solutions to the debate on environmental justice, opening nature-based solutions up for critique and conceptual refinements. Third, it outlines a way forward for reframing nature-based solutions through the lens of environmental justice and privilege. Thus, this article provides a starting point for further discussions on the implementation of just nature-based solutions in cities.

The global automotive industry is undergoing a significant transformation to combat the climate crisis and embrace a greener future. The popularity of electric vehicles (EVs) worldwide is quickly surpassing that of Internal Combustion Engine (ICE) vehicles, driven by stringent emissions laws and government incentives. However, EV production emits pollutants and relies on electricity often generated by fossil fuels, raising environmental concerns. Additionally, labor issues and geopolitical tensions arise from resource extraction practices.To ensure a sustainable transition, critical improvements in the procurement supply chain, manufacturing processes (especially battery technology), and labor practices are necessary. Accompanying climate control initiatives outlined in the Paris Agreement are essential for the proliferation of EVs globally.

Discourses on open science in the global North have tended to focus on technical requirements and policy compliance while emphasizing productivity and “accelerating discovery” as the goal. Such framings have favoured the replication and consolidation of existing inequities in the global knowledge production system, excluding scholars in the margins, particularly early career researchers (ECR), who are the most precarious in the current system. Responsible research should go beyond normative practices of doing science and be more intentional about the conditions of its production. This requires expanding thinking about openness to include epistemic diversity, communities and excluded knowledges, and citational justice while moving from the extractive modes of knowledge production to generative and re-generative forms of knowledge making and sharing. Above all, responsible research is not possible when the working conditions of scientists, particularly for ECR, are irresponsible and highly precarious., This talk was presented as a keynote on the 1st of December at a virtual symposium, which explored "Global Dynamics in Responsible Research". The symposium is hosted by The Einstein Foundation and organised by eLife Community Ambassadors.

ilustraciones, tablas Esta investigación tuvo como objetivo comprender las transformaciones de los fundamentos sociopolíticos de la ley penal colombiana en materia de marihuana recreativa en el marco de un contexto geopolítico que es favorable a su regularización desde la enmienda de la Constitución del Estado de Colorado en el año 2012. Para lo cual se estudió la prohibición global de la marihuana en el RICD, la cual inició con una cruzada estadounidense, que se sirvió de pánicos morales para asociar la xenofobia y el racismo existentes en la sociedad estadounidense al cannabis. Posteriormente, se construyó el objeto de estudio usando un grupo de teorías que explican las relaciones internacionales, la producción del mundo de la vida y la jerarquización del significado. Este estudio se realizó por medio de un diseño metodológico flexible, que empleó entrevistas semiestructuradas y recolección de proyectos de ley, los cuales fueron interpretados por medio de la técnica de análisis temático. Como resultado, se obtuvo que el caso de la regulación de la marihuana en Colombia es un caso instrumental, ya que ejemplifica cómo la producción material y simbólica de la vida es liderada por los Estados de centro, quienes promueven por medio de las elites de la periferia cambios en las instituciones y valores locales. (Texto tomado de la fuente). The objective of this research was to understand the transformations of the sociopolitical foundations of the Colombian criminal law regarding recreational marijuana within the framework of a geopolitical context that is favorable to its regularization since the amendment of the Constitution of the State of Colorado in 2012. With this purpose the global prohibition of marijuana in the RICD was studied. Subsequently, the object of study was built using a group of theories that explain international relations, the production of the world of life and the hierarchy of meaning. This study was conducted through a flexible methodological design, which used semi-structured interviews and collection of bills, which were interpreted through the thematic analysis technique. As a result, it was obtained that the case of the regulation of marijuana in Colombia is an instrumental case, since it exemplifies how the material and symbolic production of life is led by the States of the global north, who promote through the elites of the periphery changes in local institutions and values. Incluye anexos Maestría Magíster en Derecho El diseño de esta investigación es flexible, cualitativo y se corresponde con la construcción interpretativa del objeto de estudio. El proceso general sigue el método hipotético deductivo, que tiene como propósito corroborar o falsear la hipótesis construida a partir del marco teórico. El objeto empírico se enfocó en un estudio de caso de tipo instrumental, pues por medio de su análisis se ilustra el tejido teórico de esta investigación. La elección del caso parte del concepto de criminalización primaria de Baratta, quien afirma que la política criminal se debate y se crea en el Congreso de la República, por lo que los fundamentos se buscaron en el escenario de la discusión legislativa. Por otro lado, se determinó la temporalidad de este estudio desde el 1 de enero del 2020 hasta el 16 de diciembre de 2022, ya que en el 2020 pasó por primera vez a segundo debate un proyecto a favor de la regulación de la marihuana, lo cual marcó el inicio de un cambio discursivo en la política criminal cannábica. Además, se seleccionó por medio de un muestreo teórico 2 académicos y 20 usuarios con el fin de contrastar sus discursos con los presentes en el objeto principal de esta investigación, es decir, la discusión legislativa. Los académicos fueron seleccionados por su relevancia académica en el debate colombiano. En el caso de los usuarios cannábicos, se tuvo en cuenta la encuesta de caracterización de la comunidad cannábica en Bogotá de marzo del 2022. Según este informe, los usuarios tenían entre 25 y 27 años; pertenecían principalmente a los estratos socioeconómicos 3 y 4; eran solteros(as); trabajadores, profesionales y vinculados al régimen de salud contributivo. Sobre esta muestra se recolectó información por medio de la técnica de entrevistas a profundidad. En cuanto al análisis, se escogió el análisis temático, lo cual permitió identificar temas discursivos, tanto en los documentos legislativos como en las entrevistas realizadas. Esta técnica permite inductivamente construir categorías que agrupen los diferentes fundamentos presentes en los datos. Sin embargo, no se empleó la teoría fundamentada, pues no se pretendió construir teoría a partir de los datos, sino describir los discursos presentes en el fenómeno de estudio.

Reflective in Practice Theory (RPT) lenses to explore the role of experiential learning in fostering professional inquiry growth, and relational building for six Canadian pre-service teachers posted to conduct practicum in Tanzania. This study uses field notes and reflective journal as main sources of data. The findings of this study indicated that practicum is an avenue to learn, unlearn and relearn about teaching. It is also a moment for novice teachers to connect and network with education stakeholders in other places or countries. Doing practicum in other cultures may stimulate collaborations such as global North and global South collaboration for a practicum done outside the country. However, acknowledging context as an integral part of experiential learning must be emphasized. In this case, interrogating assumptions and converging perspectives during practicum in a foreign country is a precursor towards effective teaching.

The article defines characteristics and relations between sociology from the Global South and the Global North, depicted in the literature. Despite the variety of research on the topic, studies of Northern and Southern sociology lack definite description of regional sociologies and their (unequal) relations as well as clear indicators used to assign countries to either region in terms of sociology that still uses classical geopolitical division. On the basis of research of knowledge production and academic relations between Southern and Northern sociology, the author defines main issues of discussion and specific characteristics of these regional sociologies and systematises them under one model. The model reflects four main areas of confrontation between sociology from the North and the South: origin and historical development; research orientation and capabilities; recognition and influence on the global scale; research cooperation and flow of knowledge. In addition, the article presents the alternative model for the recently emerged resistant Southern sociology. In the further research the model can be used to define understudied issues, (re)assign countries concerning sociology and investigate the actual characteristics of Southern and Northern sociology in comparison to the ones presented in the research. У сучасній соціології зростає інтерес до досліджень самої соціології в глобальній перспективі, у тому числі, з позиції її поділу на соціологію Глобального Півдня та Глобальної Півночі. Такі дослідження звертаються, передусім, до виявлення нерівності у виробництві знань й академічних відносинах соціології регіонів. Результати цих досліджень є не систематизованими та користуються класичним поділом країн на Південь і Північ, що призводить до продукування однакових висновків на прикладі обмеженого ряду країн. У цій статті запропоновано інструмент для розв’язання цих проблем у вигляді моделі характеристик та відносин соціології з Глобального Півдня й Глобальної Півночі. Побудована на базі наявних досліджень соціології регіонів та їх відносин модель систематизовує ці дослідження в чотири категорії, кожна з яких уключає певні характеристики Північної й Південної соціології. Додатково в статті описано модель альтер-нативної незалежної південної соціології, що активно розвивається в останні роки. У подальших дослідженнях модель може використовуватися для актуалізації поділу країн на Південь та Північ із позиції соціології й визначення ще не досліджених тем цього напряму.

Funding: SCP4SCP (Sweden Collaborating with the Philippines for Global Sustainable Consumption and Production) project - Formas (Swedish Research Council for Sustainable Development) [2021-02692]; Swedish Research Council Formas

Scholarship on informal housing is broadening to include more studies of cases in the Global North, with many of them taking advantage of ready data availability to produce quantitative estimates of the extent of the phenomenon even in diffuse contexts where studying informal housing has heretofore been difficult. We introduce a novel technique, Informal Housing Addition at the Parcel Scale (IHAPS). Relying on publicly available administrative tax assessment and building permit datasets and drawing inspiration from building science, IHAPS seeks to identify residential parcels within a city that underwent apparent increases in building area but that did not obtain a legally required building permit. Applying IHAPS to Austin, Texas, USA, we demonstrate the basic soundness of the technique in spite of its generation of false-positive identifications. We conservatively estimate that approximately one out of every 2400 single-family residential parcels in Austin experienced an informal (unpermitted) addition between 2008 and 2018. IHAPS has promise to reveal new insights into informal city-building processes in a Global North context, but also raises ethical and privacy concerns that researchers must consider.

Despite the research and theory developed to understand gender inequalities, the interventions and policies used to attenuate these inequalities are often based on research conducted in the Global North (Kamenou & Fearfull, 2006; Kurtis & Adams, 2016). Consequently, countries in the Global South encounter issues incorporating and reaping benefits from these solutions based in the Global North. While our previous research focused on how Whiteness is prototypical to women as a gender group, we also posit that stereotypes associated with women from the Global North is also prototypical to women. This research focuses on whether and how stereotypes for a gender group (i.e., women) may differ between countries of the Global North and Global South, and whether there is indeed a prototypicality of Global North stereotypes for women.

The eruption of disruptive digital platforms is reshaping geographies of housing under the gaze of corporations and through the webs of algorithms. Engaging with interdisciplinary scholarship on informal housing across the Global North and South, we propose the term ‘digital informalisation’ to examine how digital platforms are engendering new and opaque ways of governing housing, presenting a theoretical and political blind spot. Focusing on rental housing, our paper unpacks the ways in which new forms of digital management of risk control access and filter populations. In contrast to progressive imaginaries of ‘smart’ technological mediation, practices of algorithmic redlining, biased tenant profiling and the management of risk in private tenancies and in housing welfare both introduce and extend discriminatory and exclusionary housing practices. The paper aims to contribute to research on informal housing in the Global North by examining digital mediation and its governance as key overlooked components of housing geographies beyond North and South dichotomies.

Universal access to safe drinking water is assumed to be a defining characteristic of cities in the Global North. This article documents the daily challenges facing working class women in Flint, Michigan, when the promise of modern water infrastructure cracks. In 2014, in order to reduce costs, Flint’s drinking water source was switched from Lake Huron to the Flint River. This change, and specifically the way it was managed, resulted in contamination of the water supply with lead and pathogens. While the experience of Flint is now an emblematic case of water insecurity in the Global North, it is not unique. Through a case study developed in the context of a community-based participatory research project, this article details how water insecurity transferred the burden of clean water provisioning back to individual households, and specifically to women. Rather than being able to rely on the labour and technical expertise that have rendered water safe in the modern city, Flint residents were abruptly made responsible for ensuring their own water security. We detail how the Flint water crisis brought about a 'new normal'; we consider the ways in which it gave rise to a new relationship to potable water that was characterised by a (re)turn to bottled or filtered water (from tap water) and a shift in who is responsible for the labour necessary to render water safe. The women’stestimonies that we present here illustrate how, when modern uniform water fails, people begin to see heterogeneous waters.

Este trabajo plantea una revisión y sistematización de investigaciones feministas centradas en visibilizar “el otro oculto feminizado” en el discurso económico androcéntrico. Para ello, se realiza un recorrido por la historia del pensamiento económico occidental (desde la Antigüedad hasta el enfoque neoclásico del siglo XX) y por la historia económica. Se busca recuperar a las mujeres como objeto de estudio, prestando especial atención al ámbito privado/doméstico, y también como sujetos epistemológicos al visibilizar los aportes y críticas de mujeres economistas silenciadas en la historia. Se ahondará en ambas áreas de conocimiento de forma interrelacionada, con el fin de buscar espacios de confluencia con los desarrollos de la economía feminista y de aportar en la construcción de la genealogía de esta corriente de pensamiento. This work proposes a review and systematization of feminist research focused on exposing “the hidden feminized other” in the androcentric economic discourse. To this end, we review both the history of Western economic thought (from antiquity to the neoclassical approach of the 20th century), and the history of economics. Our intention is to recover women as objects of study, paying special attention to the private/domestic sphere, but also as epistemological subjects by rendering visible the contributions and criticisms of historically silenced women economists. Both areas of knowledge will be explored interrelatedly, in order to find common ground with the developments of feminist economics and to contribute to the construction of the genealogy of this current of thought. Este trabalho apresenta uma revisão e sistematização de pesquisas feministas centralizadas em visibilizar “o outro oculto feminizado” no discurso econômico androcêntrico. Para isso, é realizado um percorrido pela história do pensamento econômico ocidental (desde a Antiguidade até a abordagem neoclássica do século XX) e pela história econômica. Pretende-se recuperar as mulheres como objeto de estudo, prestando especial atenção ao contexto privado/doméstico e como sujeitos epistemológicos ao visibilizar as contribuições e as críticas de mulheres economistas silenciadas na história. Aprofunda-se em ambas as áreas de conhecimento de forma inter-relacionada a fim de buscar espaços de confluência com o desenvolvimento da economia feminista e de contribuir para construir a genealogia dessa corrente de pensamento.

The study investigates critical shifts impacting the international tourism space in contemporary times. Furthermore, the current study examines tourism policies and product development challenges faced by tourist regions as a consequence of market dynamics. Drawing upon a sample of thirty tourism experts in southern Africa, the critical shifts were identified and key among them include BRICS, terrorism, ageing population, and trophy hunting, are increasingly framing a new narrative for the future growth trajectory of the international tourism industry’s value chain in the context of Africa. A conclusion is reached that to attain long term sustainable development of the sunrise multi-trillion dollar industry, it is critical that tourism operators re-set and deploy sharpened strategies which are in synch with the realities obtaining in the broader operating environment. Policy recommendations and managerial implications are proffered.

Dominant electricity systems are inevitably transitioning into new forms in terms of power generation mix, mode of energy system governance and vested interests, the extent of state and consumer/citizen participation in the energy system, and energy justice expectations in different geographies in the Global North and Global South. In this editorial to the thematic issue entitled Politics and (Self-)Organisation of Electricity System Transitions in a Global North–South Perspective, we discuss politics and (self)-organisation of (just) energy transitions to expose how messy, convoluted, and fluid future electricity system transitions can be in both the Global North and Global South.

La restauración ecológica (RE) se ha consolidado como campo académico y política pública. No obstante, podría presentar sesgos que obstaculicen el abordaje integral de sus causas y consecuencias naturales y sociales. Por ende, se propuso analizar cómo se están abordando los aspectos sociales y socioecológicos sobre RE en la literatura científica a escala global e iberoamericana. Se esperaba que el cambio paradigmático en las ciencias ecológicas, que empezó a incorporar la dimensión humana de los ecosistemas, se viera reflejado en la literatura sobre RE, y se predijo un incremento en estudios sociales y socioecológicos de RE en la última década. Se realizó una revisión bibliográfica sistemática entre 1900-2016 a escala global (Web of Science, n=550) y de Iberoamérica (Scientific Electronic Library Online, n=290). Se cuantificaron patrones temporales, geográficos, metodológicos y disciplinares en publicaciones con marcos conceptuales ecológico, social o socioecológico. Para Iberoamérica, se profundizó con un análisis cualitativo que incluyó conceptos sociopolíticos (i.e., gobierno, políticas públicas, participación ciudadana). Se encontró que la productividad científica sobre RE aumentó en general, pero la tasa de crecimiento fue mayor para estudios ecológicos que sociales y socioecológicos. Estos trabajos se publican principalmente (>50%) en revistas de ciencias naturales o aplicadas en ambas escalas. A su vez, las publicaciones sociales y socioecológicas contribuyen más a la literatura global que a la regional (37.5% y 15.3%, respectivamente), y hubo una dominancia de publicaciones proveniente de países del Norte Global. La mirada interdisciplinaria está parcialmente reflejada en la literatura científica sobre RE, y la articulación entre la ciencia y la gestión fue escasa en los estudios regionales. Además de pensar en incrementar la producción en investigación social y socioecológica de RE, se debería reforzar el “diálogo de saberes” entre regiones y disciplinas para alcanzar experiencias exitosas de RE en la práctica. . Ecological restoration (RE) has become established as an academic field and public policy. However, it could have biases that hinder a comprehensive approach to its natural and social causes and consequences. Therefore, we proposed to analyze how the social and socioecological aspects of RE are addressed in the scientific literature at global and Iberoamerican scales. It was expected that the paradigmatic change in the ecological sciences, which has begun to incorporate the human dimension of ecosystems, would be reflected in the RE literature, and we predicted an increase in social and socioecological studies of RE in the last decade. A systematic literature review was conducted between 1900-2016 on a global scale (Web of Science, n=550) and for Iberoamerica (Scientific Electronic Library Online, n=290). Temporal, geographic, methodological and disciplinary patterns were quantified in publications with ecological, social or socioecological conceptual frameworks. For Iberoamerica, the assessment was deepened with a qualitative analysis of sociopolitical concepts (i.e., government, public policy, citizen participation). We found that scientific productivity about ER has increased overall, but the growth rate was greater for ecological studies than social and socioecological studies. These works are published mainly (>50%) in natural and applied science journals at both scales. In turn, social and socioecological publications were found more in the global literature than regional (37.5% and 15.3%, respectively), and there was a dominance of publications from countries in the Global North. An interdisciplinary view is only partially reflected in the scientific literature on ER, and the linkage between science and management is scarce in regional studies. In addition to thinking about increasing social and socioecological research production of RE, “knowledge dialogue” between regions and disciplines should be re-enforced to achieve successful RE experiences in practice. Fil: Roulier, Catherine Solange. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Austral de Investigaciones Científicas; Argentina. Universidad Nacional de Tierra del Fuego. Instituto de Cultura, Sociedad y Estado; Argentina Fil: Anderson, Christopher Brian. Universidad Nacional de Tierra del Fuego, Antártida e Islas del Atlántico Sur. Instituto de Ciencias Polares, Ambientales y Recursos Naturales; Argentina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Austral de Investigaciones Científicas; Argentina Fil: Ballari, Sebastián A.. Ministerio de Ambiente y Desarrollo Sustentable. Administración de Parques Nacionales. Parque Nacional "Nahuel Huapi". Departamento Conservación y Educación Ambiental; Argentina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Patagonia Norte; Argentina Fil: Nielsen, Erik A.. Northern Arizona University; Estados Unidos

Background: The relationships between sending and host partners in nursing study-abroad programs are crucial to the success and sustainability of these programs. Yet, there has been a paucity of research focused on the global partnerships between sending and host organizations. Most research about study-abroad programs has primarily focused on Global North sending organizations’ perspectives on the educational, social, and career benefits to Global North students with few studies highlighting the perspectives of host organizations from the Global South. Aim: To explore Global South host organizations’ perspectives about global partnered nursing study-abroad programs. Research Design: This research study was guided by a critical social theory (CST) paradigm, the six Global Health Research (GHR) principles, and Situational Analysis (SA) research methods. Data was collected by conducting interviews with five participants from multiple host organizations in Tanzania, Uganda, and Malawi and the analysis of two Memoranda of Understanding (MOUs). Findings: The study identified four themes: (1) Navigating Prejudice, Pride, and Planting a Seed: Global North Students as Intermediaries; (2) Fostering Qualities of Partnership through Longevity and Sustainability; (3) Meeting Needs vs. Creating Needs: Contradictory Costs/Benefits of Global Partnerships; and (4) Working towards Reciprocal Relationships: Practices and Aspirations. Conclusion: These findings speak to the importance of fostering long-term partnerships between sending and host partners that anticipate and proactively address resource drain and power differentials that occur at the partner, institutional, and international levels. Strategies at the institutional level, such as critical pre-departure training, inclusive and comprehensive evaluation of the partnership, and inclusion of Global South partners through research activities, as well as policy changes at the international level, can help all partners work towards more reciprocal partnerships.

This research was partially funded by the Portuguese Foundation for Science and Technology (FCT), grant numbers UIDB/00308/2020 and PD/BD/150589/2020, and the Brazilian National Council for Scientific and Technological Development (CNPq), grant number 303171/2020-0. Living in urban areas is the wish of many people. However, with population growth in those areas, quality of life has become a concerning element for achieving sustainable cities. Because quality of life is influenced by the built environment, the state of the latter is a fundamental issue for public policies. This research expands on previous research on the perceived pleasantness of built environments by presenting a large-scale case study of the urban layout pleasantness in the central area of Belo Horizonte, Brazil, a typical global south city, and correlating pleasantness scores with socioeconomic factors to understand whether people do in fact live where the urban layout is more pleasant and how pleasantness and socioeconomic factors relate and contribute to one’s choice of living location. A comparison with the city of Coimbra, Portugal, representative of the global north, was also carried out. The findings showed that pleasantness tended to correlate negatively with urban density and positively with income. Possible explanations for these results and their generality are advanced. info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion

This systematic review discusses 25 recent studies (from 2000 to 2019, 13 quantitative and 12 qualitative) on the associations between neighbourhood characteristics and outdoor play of children (7–14 years old). Both physical and social contexts are shown to influence outdoor play, though studies differ on which elements matter most. Play-friendly environments with informal and safe opportunities are more stimulating than formal playgrounds. Moreover, parents' social safety concerns limit children's independent outdoor play. Investigation of moderating factors is limited to age and gender differences and offers inconclusive evidence. Further research should collect evidence from both parents' and children's perspectives on how and for whom neighbourhood features matter.

Social movement studies are an interdisciplinary, multifaceted, and broad field transversal to different social and human sciences, which has been growing and consolidating since the late 1970s. Since then, and concurrent with the intensification and pluralization of protests and protestors around the world, the recognition and establishment of social movement studies inside different areas has accompanied the recognition of social movements as legitimate social and political actors. This variety and diversification of perspectives and object of study has helped to include some ‘hidden’ forms of protest which are particularly relevant outside Europe and USA, and specially in authoritarian and semi-democratic countries. Despite this, the field of social movement studies – especially in sociology and political science – still shows difficulties in integrating and dialoguing with other approaches to the study of conflict and resistance. Moreover, dialogue with other epistemological sources and particularly with the Global South’s knowledge about social movements is still hesitant. If we look at the other side of the coin, many studies on resistance, protest and social movements in the Global South reject what are sometimes considered hegemonic – or Eurocentric – social movement theories, which is also problematic. In front of this, and acknowledging the asymmetries in epistemic power relations, in our view, it is not a matter of opposing canter and periphery, or North and South, but of understanding, promoting and developing multiple activist and conceptual entanglements and collaborations. Against this background, thus, this special issue aims to contribute to the dialogue between conceptual perspectives, approaches and fields in the Global North and South around social movements and protest. info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion

Resumen Este artículo da cuenta de la renovada relevancia del Estado en un contexto caracterizado por lo que se denomina “doble interregno”. Esta categoría busca sintetizar el momento actual de disputa abierta tanto a nivel global, entre el espacio sino-asiático en expansión material y el espacio hegemónico en despliegue financiero, como a nivel latinoamericano, entre movimientos mercantilizadores y contra-movimientos redistributivos. Se sostiene que en la intersección de ambos interregnos se funden procesos que tienen como actor principal al Estado y que, en el escenario latinoamericano, han profundizado y dado continuidad a las históricas debilidades organizacionales e implicativas. Ello afecta a las estatidades en su capacidad de alterar la estructura productiva periférica, cualificar su posicionamiento global y resolver internamente los patrones excluyentes y desigualadores que dominan la región. Resumo Este artigo dá conta da renovada relevância do Estado em um contexto caracterizado pelo chamado “duplo interregno”. Esta categoria busca sintetizar o momento atual de disputa aberta tanto em nível global, entre o espaço sino-asiático na expansão material e o espaço hegemônico no desdobramento financeiro, quanto no nível latino-americano, entre movimentos de mercantilização e contra-movimentos redistributivos. Argumenta-se que na intersecção de ambos os interregnos se fundem processos que têm o Estado como ator principal e que, no cenário latino-americano, têm dado profundidade e continuidade às fragilidades históricas organizacionais e implicativas. Isso afeta as estatalidades em sua capacidade de alterar a estrutura produtiva periférica, qualificar seu posicionamento global e resolver internamente os padrões excludentes e desiguais que dominam a região. Abstract This paper offers an account of the renewed relevance of the State in a context characterized by what is called “double interregnum”. This category seeks to synthesize the current moment of open dispute both at the global level, between the Sino-Asian space in material expansion and the hegemonic space in financial deployment, as well as at the Latin American level, between commodification movements and redistributive counter-movements. It is argued that at the intersection of both interregnums, processes that have the State as the main actor merge and that, in the Latin American scenario, they have deepened and perpetuated the historical organizational and implicative weaknesses. This affects the statehoods in their ability to alter the peripheral productive structure, qualify their global positioning and internally resolve the excluding and unequal patterns that dominate the region.

Scholarship on informal housing is broadening to include more studies of cases in the Global North, with many of them taking advantage of ready data availability to produce quantitative estimates of the extent of the phenomenon even in diffuse contexts where studying informal housing has heretofore been difficult. We introduce a novel technique, Informal Housing Addition at the Parcel Scale (IHAPS). Relying on publicly available administrative tax assessment and building permit datasets and drawing inspiration from building science, IHAPS seeks to identify residential parcels within a city that underwent apparent increases in building area but that did not obtain a legally required building permit. Applying IHAPS to Austin, Texas, USA, we demonstrate the basic soundness of the technique in spite of its generation of false-positive identifications. We conservatively estimate that approximately one out of every 2400 single-family residential parcels in Austin experienced an informal (unpermitted) addition between 2008 and 2018. IHAPS has promise to reveal new insights into informal city-building processes in a Global North context, but also raises ethical and privacy concerns that researchers must consider.

Мақала әлемдегі «Солтүстік-Оңтүстік» мәселесін зерттеуге арналған. Авторлар дамыған индустриалды елдер арасындағы айырмашылық жарты шар және оңтүстік жарты шардың ең кедей мемлекеттері «Солтүстік-Оңтүстік» қатынастарының басты ерекшелігі, сонымен қатар автор Солтүстік-Оңтүстік геосаяси қақтығыстарды БРИКС шеңберінде қарастырады. Оның бүгінгі күнгі ахуалға ықпалы зор екенін атап көрсетеді. Солтүстік пен оңтүстік арасындағы қатынастардың әртүрлілігін арттыру, дамушы елдер аймағындағы аймақтық интеграциялық процестерді кеңейту және әлеуетті аймақтық көшбасшылардың позициясын нығайту мәселелері мақаланың өзектілігін көрсететіні даусыз.XXI ғасырда халықаралық қатынастар жүйесін қалыптастыру әлемдік қоғамдастық мүшелерінің жаһандық өзара тәуелділігімен айқындалуда. Елдер арасындағы олардың даму деңгейіне байланысты айырмашылықтар жақын болашақта сақталады. Көптеген қолайсыз елдердің сақталуының салдарын азайту мүмкін болмаса да, соңғы онжылдықтардағы тенденциялар әлемнің дамыған және аз дамыған бөліктері арасындағы қатынастар жаһандық қарама-қайшылықтың жаңа осіне айнала алмайтындығы туралы мақаланың әдіснамасында және талқылауында толық көрсетілген., Статья посвящена изучению проблемы «Север-Юг» в мире. Авторы различают промышленно развитые страны развитого полушария и беднейшие страны южного полушария. Он подчеркивает, что это оказывает существенное влияние на текущую ситуацию. Несомненно, актуальность статьи отражают вопросы увеличения многообразия отношений между Севером и Югом, расширения региональных интеграционных процессов в регионе развивающихся стран и укрепления позиций потенциальных региональных лидеров.Формирование системы международных отношений в XXI веке определяется глобальной взаимозависимостью членов мирового сообщества. Различия между странами в зависимости от уровня их развития сохранятся и в ближайшее время. Хотя уменьшить последствия сохранения многих неблагополучных стран не представляется возможным, в методологии и обсуждении статьи в полной мере отражены тенденции последних десятилетий о том, что отношения между развитыми и слаборазвитыми частями мира не могут стать новой осью глобального конфликта., The article is devoted to the study of the problem of "North-South" in the world. Authors gives the difference between the developed industrial countries of the hemisphere and the poorest states of the Southern hemisphere is the main feature of the North-South relations, in addition, the author examines the North-South geopolitical conflicts within the framework of the BRICS. He emphasizes that it has a significant impact on the current situation. There is no doubt that the issues of increasing the diversity of relations between the North and the South, expanding regional integration processes in the region of developing countries and strengthening the position of potential regional leaders reflect the relevance of the article.The formation of the system of international relations in the XXI century is determined by the global interdependence of members of the world community. Differences between countries depending on their level of development will continue in the near future. Although it is not possible to reduce the consequences of the preservation of many unfavorable countries, the trends of recent decades are fully reflected in the methodology and discussion of the article that the relationship between developed and less developed parts of the world can not become a new axis of global conflict., Международные отношения и Регионоведение, Выпуск 1 (47) 2022

Informality in the global North has been largely overlooked in literature to date (Devlin, 2018). Unlike the global South, the role of informal practices in northern countries are under-represented in both theory and practice. Despite this, informality has a long and established role in housing provision outside of the global South. However, contradictions in what is perceived as legitimate and illicit or unlawful, compounds barriers between planners, policy makers and people living in informal ways. This article draws on a two-year research project that engaged with people living informally to better understand their relationship with the planning system. Grounded in real life experiences, this article engages with questions around how and if informality could be better supported in planning policy, as a space for innovative, flexible and adaptive approaches to housing production. In so doing, it challenges the way housing is conceptualised in most mainstream global North policy and academic discourse. Finally, the article sets out how informality in the highly regulated English countryside provides a useful lens through which to develop a more nuanced debate on the role of informality in wider planning practice.

"In this book Carmen Martinez-Vargas explores how academic participatory research and the way it is carried out can contribute to more, or less, social justice. Adopting theoretical and empirical approaches, and addressing multiple complex, intersectional issues, this book offers inspiration for scholars and practitioners to open up alternative pathways to social justice, viewed through a Global South lens. Martinez-Vargas examines the colonial roots of research and emphasises the importance of problematising current practices and limitations in order to establish more just and democratic participatory research practices. Although practitioners have been challenging the Western roots of research and participatory research for decades, their goals can be compromised by pluralities and contradictions in the field. This book aims not to replicate past participatory research approaches, but to offer an innovative theoretical foundation--the Capabilities Approach--and an innovative participatory practice called 'Democratic Capabilities Research'. Democratising Participatory Research is not only timely and relevant in South Africa, but also in the Global North owing to the current crisis of values jeopardising the peaceful existence of diverse societies. The book gives essential recommendations for capabilities and human development scholars to reframe their perspectives and uses of the Capabilities Approach, as well as for participatory practitioners to critically reflect on their practices and their often limited conceptualisation of participation."--Publisher's website

La tolérance ontologique et épistémique renvoie au respect des manières d’être et de connaître, de la vision du monde, du langage et des connaissances des acteurs dans les différents mondes. Le respect des normes d’existence et de coexistence des acteurs du Sud global et du Nord global et la liberté de ces derniers d’imaginer des mondes possibles (liberté de mondification ; logique multimondiste) pour contenir l’ontologie unimondiste imposée par l’Occident ou pour résister contre « l’occupation mono-ontologique de la planète » relèvent aussi de cette forme de tolérance. Par contraste, l’intolérance ontologique et épistémique renvoie au fait de manifester une attitude irrespectueuse, méprisante et parfois violente envers la vision du monde et du savoir (par exemple, le savoir magico-religieux) des autres. Cette forme d’intolérance peut se manifester sous forme d’exclusion sociale, de destruction de savoirs locaux et autochtones, de modes de pensée et d’action, de destruction identitaire, culturelle, physique, psychologique, etc. La pertinence et l’enjeu d’un projet d’éducation à la tolérance épistémique et ontologique résident dans le fait que celle-ci représente un outil capable de contribuer à la réduction des ravages de toutes sortes de l’intolérance ontologico-épistémique dans le Nord global et dans le Sud global. Ontological and epistemic tolerance refers to the respect for ways of being and knowing, for the worldview, language and knowledge of actors in different worlds. Respect for the standards of existence and coexistence of the actors of the Global South and of the Global North, and the freedom of the latters to imagine possible worlds (freedom of worldification; multi-world logic) to contain the unimondist ontology imposed by the West or to resist against ‘’the mono-ontological occupation of the planet“ are also part of this form of tolerance. In contrast, ontological and epistemic intolerance refers to manifesting a disrespectful, contemptuous, and sometimes violent attitude towards others’ worldview and knowledge (for example, magico-religious knowledge). This form of intolerance can manifest itself in the form of social exclusion, destruction of local and indigenous knowledge, ways of thinking and acting, and identity, culture, physical, psychological or other forms of destruction. The relevance, and the stake, of an epistemic and ontological tolerance education project resides in the fact that this represents a tool capable of contributing to the reduction of the ravages of all kinds of ontologico-epistemic intolerance in the Global North and Global South. La tolerancia ontológica y epistémica se refiere a las formas de ser y conocer, al respeto por las diferentes visiones del mundo, por el lenguaje y los conocimientos que los actores tienen en los diferentes mundos. El respeto por las normas de existir y coexistir de los actores del globo Sur y del globo Norte y la libertad de estos últimos de imaginar mundos posibles (libertad de la mundificación; lógica multimundista) para contener la ontología unimundista impuesta por el Occidente o para resistir contra « la ocupación monoontológica del planeta », todo esto representa también una forma de tolerancia. En cambio, la intolerancia ontológica y epistémica se refiere al hecho de mostrar una actitud irrespetuosa, despectiva y a veces violenta con respecto a la visión del mundo y del saber (por ejemplo, el saber mágicoreligioso) de los otros. Esta forma de intolerancia puede mostrarse bajo la forma de exclusión social, de destrucción de saberes locales y autóctonos, de modos de pensamiento y de acción, de destrucción identitaria, cultural, física, psicológica, etc. La pertinencia y la postura de un proyecto de educación sobre la tolerancia epistémica y ontológica residen en el hecho de que ésta (la educación) representa una herramienta capaz de contribuir a la reducción de los estragos de todo tipo de intolerancia ontológica-epistémica en el globo Norte y en el globo Sur.

This special issue is the product of a workshop on innovations in policing and preventing gender violence in the Global South, hosted by Queensland University of Technology (QUT) Centre for Justice 3-4 December 2019. The event was attended by scholars from Brazil, Pacific Island communities, Bangladesh, Argentina, and several Australian jurisdictions. Hence the articles in this special issue reflect the diverse nationalities present at the event. A central aim of the workshop realised in this special issue is the stimulation of innovation in understanding the policing and prevention of gender violence through novel international collaborations and cross-fertilization. It reverses the assumptions that underpin the epistemic injustice of the social sciences, that innovations generally flow only from the Global North to the Global South. This special issue shows that it can be the other way round.

In this paper, I consider how a world government constructed from the perspectives of both the global North and the global South could be a more promising one as it seeks to challenge the idea of world government constructed principally from the perspective of one geopolitical centre. I will call this position the ‘inclusive world government paradigm’. Specifically, after giving a brief presentation of some reasons behind the construction of a world government, I proceed to consider Luis Cabrera’s (2004) idea of world government that essentially denotes assisting the global impoverished to improve their lives through progressive, democratically accountable integration between states. Thereafter, I offer some responses to Cabrera’s idea of world government. Finally, I suggest how the idea of world government could be understood differently if both the global North and the global South could be its co-creators and influence its agenda. I reckon that this could only be possible if the asymmetrical power relations in the present world are reversed and replaced by a more just and a more respectful relationship between these geopolitical centres.

Sociological research into the transregional North–South circulation of knowledge in the social sciences and humanities has tended to have a unidirectional bias to date. The standard assumption is that as a result of globalization, theories and methods are spread from the global North to the global South. Based on this premise, many of the studies of circulation focus on the transfer of knowledge in terms of ideas, traditions, authors and concepts from the North to the South. Thus far, little attention has been paid to the transregional circulation of theoretical approaches from the South to the North and their impact on the transformation of the European social sciences and humanities. Analysing the circulation of the Latin American dependency theories in the Federal Republic of Germany, this article addresses precisely this gap. The focus is on processes of institutional consolidation of area studies, North–South mobility, the translation-process into German, application in empirical research, modification and rejection. Focusing on this little-explored orientation regarding the circulation of knowledge, this article is in keeping with the current attempt to analyse transregional entanglements within European social sciences.

An international development framing is increasingly ill-fitting to a 21st century characterized by interconnected globalized capitalism, the challenge of sustainable development, as well as the blurring of North–South boundaries. While the term global development is increasingly employed, and appears more suited, it is used with different implicit meanings and is often conflated with international development. This article explores the potential of an emerging paradigm of global development as applicable to the whole world. A relational global development approach is advocated here, acknowledging the need for critical attention to the enduring tensions between universalization and geographic variation.

Climate institutions at different levels – i.e. intergovernmental organisations, national, regional and municipal authorities as well as sectorial institutions – are authoritative key actors in climate policy-making. There are, however, often shortcomings in their policy-making, most prominently their prevalent focus on technical innovations and economic incentives, and the lack of attention to social dimensions. There are important climate-relevant social differences that deserve recognition. If social differences are left unattended, climate policy will likely reinforce existing inequalities, but it will also risk overlooking differential effects and ending up becoming ineffective and give rise to protests among groups who feel unjustifiably challenged by climate policies and decisions. The chapter outlines a theoretical framework based on institutional approaches combined with gender and intersectional perspectives to explore both formal and informal climate institutions and how they work with gender and other intersecting social categories. The chapter discusses how such theoretical approaches can contribute to an increased understanding about power relations and social differences in climate policy-making and climate-relevant sectors in industrialised states and thereby highlight the challenges and opportunities for advancing gender equality, equity and social justice.

Background The objective of this paper is to outline and compare the regulation of paid healthcare professions and associated support workers in international context, bringing out the lessons to be learned as appropriate. Modern neo-liberal societies have sought to enhance healthcare through greater professional regulation, albeit in different ways and at variable pace. This general trend is illustrated with reference to medicine in the UK. However, although such reforms have helpfully cascaded to other health professions, government policy in high-income countries has not yet adequately regulated the interrelated group of non-professionalised health support workers who form the largest and least recognised part of the workforce. Nonetheless, in low- and middle-income (LMIC) countries—aside from the greater need for regulation of health professions—there is even more of an imperative to regulate the disparate, largely invisible support workforce. Methods With reference to existing studies of the medical and wider health professions in the UK and selected other higher income societies, the importance of health professional regulation to the public is underlined in the Global North. The larger gap in the regulation of support workers in modern neo-liberal countries is also emphasised on a similar basis, with an increasingly ageing population and advances in healthcare. It is argued from the very limited patchwork of secondary literature, though, that policy-makers may want to focus even more on enhancing regulation of both the professional and non-professional workforce in LMIC societies centred mainly in the Global South, drawing on lessons from the Global North. Results/conclusions Efforts to reform health professional regulatory approaches in more economically developed countries, while needing refinement, are likely to have had a positive effect. However, even in these societies there are still substantial shortfalls in the regulation of health support workers. There are even larger gaps in LMICs where there are fewer health professional staff and a greater dependence on support workers. With higher rates of morbidity and mortality, there is much more scope here for reforming health regulation in the public interest to extend standards and mitigate risk, following the pattern for healthcare professions in the Global North.

The design and deployment of green amenities is a way to tackle cities' socio-environmental problems in the quest for urban sustainability. In this study, we undertake a systematic review of research published in international peer-reviewed journals that analyzes environmental justice issues within the context of the deployment of urban green amenities. Since most studies focus on the Global North, where this scholarship first emerged, our goal is to link the literature focused on the North and the South. This study aims to outline similarities and differences regarding the nexus of justice and the greening of cities in both contexts as well as to identify knowledge gaps in this scholarship in the Global South. “Green infrastructure” and “nature-based solutions,” as the leading concepts for cities' greening agendas, are used as descriptors in combination with “justice” and/or “green gentrification” in searches undertaken of two bibliographic databases. Our results show there is a need to better delineate a research agenda that addresses such issues in a heterogeneous Global South context while gaining insights from advances made by research on the Global North.

There is a growing debate surrounding the contradiction between an unremitting increase in the use of resources and the search for environmental sustainability. Therefore, the concept of sustainable degrowth is emerging aiming to introduce in our societies new social values and new policies, capable of satisfying human requirements whilst reducing environmental impacts and consumption of resources. In this framework, circular economy strategies for food production and food loss and waste management systems, following the Sustainable Development Goals agenda, are being developed based on a search for circularity, but without setting limits to the continual increase in environmental impacts and resource use. This work presents a methodology for determining the percentage of degrowth needed in any food supply chain, by analyzing four scenarios in a life cycle assessment approach over time between 2020 and 2040. Results for the Spanish case study suggested a degrowth need of 26.8% in 2015 and 58.9% in 2040 in order to achieve compliance with the Paris Agreement targets, highlighting the reduction of meat and fish and seafood consumption as the most useful path. This research was funded by Spanish Ministry of Science and Competitiveness, grant number CERES‐PROCON Project CTM2016‐76176 (AEI/FEDER, UE) and KAIROS‐BIOCIR Project PID2019‐104925RB (AEO/FEDER, UE).

Evidence from 184 countries over the span of 25 years is gathered and analyzed to understand North–North, South–South, and North–South international migration flows. Conceptually, the analysis borrows from network theory and Migration Systems Theory (MST) to develop a model to characterize the structure and evolution of international migration flows. Methodologically, the Stochastic Actor-oriented Model of network dynamics is used to jointly model the three types of flows under analysis. Results show that endogenous network effects at the monadic, dyadic, and triadic levels of analysis are relevant to understand the emergence and evolution of migration flows. The findings also show that a core set of non-network covariates, suggested by MST as key drivers of migration flows, does not always explain migration dynamics in the systems under analysis in a consistent fashion; thus, suggesting the existence of important levels of heterogeneity inherent to these three types of flows. Finally, evidence related to the role of political instability and countries’ care deficits is also discussed as part of the analysis. Overall, the results highlight the importance of analyzing flows across the globe beyond typically studied migratory corridors (e.g., North–South flows) or regions (e.g., Europe).

This paper investigates the physical and metaphorical meanings of nausea in Michel Houellebecq’s The Possibility of an Island. Through the trope of cloning, Houellebecq likens the human body to a ship, and conflates existential nausea with nausea caused by inhabiting a body. The future clones of the narrator Daniel inhabit a world of ‘neohumans’ that are clones like themselves, and old-style, barbaric humans. Neohumans change their bodies through cloning, which after a while give them ship-sickness, or nausea. Daniel’s nausea is shaped by his relationship with the Mediterranean throughout. The novel asks the question ‘What happens to human consciousness when the body keeps changing and the white male body is propagated into the future?’ Thus, the novel works as an allegory for the way the Mediterranean functions today both as a curative and lethal space for European endeavor. Bu makale Michel Houellebecq’in romanı Bir Ada İhtimali’nde fiziksel ve mecazi bulantı arasındaki ilişkiyi inceleyecektir. Houellebecq insan bedenini bir gemiye benzeterek, metafizik iç bulantısıyla bir bedende hapsolmanın getirdiği bulantıyı harmanlar. Gelecekteki Daniel’ın dünyası klonlar, yani ‘yeni-insanlar’ ve eski tarz ‘barbar’ insanlardan oluşmaktadır. Yeni-insanlar yaşlandıkça içlerinde rahat edemedikleri bedenleri; deniz tutması ya da bulantı hissettiren bu bedenleri klonlarıyla değiştirmektedir. Daniel’ın mide bulantısı roman boyunca Akdeniz’le olan ilişkisiyle şekillenir. Roman ‘Bedenler değiştikçe ve beyaz erkek bedeni geleceğe bu şekilde ilerledikçe bilincinden geriye ne kalmaktadır?’ sorusunu sormaktadır. Akdeniz Daniel karakterini gelişiminde gözlemlediğimiz üzere Avrupa’nın geçmişini ve geleceğini kapsayan, bazen tedavi eden, bazen de ölüme sürükleyen ama mutlaka insanı içine çeken bir havzadır.

Background A diverse array of digital technologies are available to children and young people living in the Global North to monitor, manage, and promote their health and well-being. Objective This article provides a narrative literature review of the growing number of social research studies published over the past decade that investigate the types of digital technologies used by children and young people in the Global North, in addition to investigating which of these technologies they find most useful or not useful. Key findings as well as major gaps and directions for future research are identified and discussed. Methods A comprehensive search of relevant publications listed in Google Scholar was conducted, supported by following citation trails of these publications. The findings are listed under type of digital technology used for health: cross-media, internet, social media, apps and wearable devices, sexual health support and information, and mental health support and information. Results Many young people in the Global North are active users of digital health technologies. However, it is notable that they still rely on older technologies, such as websites and search engines, to find information. Apps and platforms that may not have been specifically developed for young people as digital health resources often better suit their needs. Young people appreciate the ready availability of information online, the opportunities to learn more about their bodies and health states, and the opportunities to learn how to improve their health and physical fitness. They enjoy being able to connect with peers, and they find emotional support and relief from distress by using social media platforms, YouTube, and online forums. Young people can find the vast reams of information available to them difficult to navigate. They often look to trusted adults to help them make sense of the information they find online and to provide alternative sources of information and support. Face-to-face interactions with these trusted providers remain important to young people. Risks and harms that young people report from digital health use include becoming overly obsessed with their bodies’ shape and size when using self-tracking technologies and comparing their bodies with the social media influencers they follow. Conclusions Further details on how young people are using social media platforms and YouTube as health support resources and for peer-to-peer sharing of information, including attention paid to the content of these resources and the role played by young social media influencers and microcelebrities, would contribute important insights to this body of literature. The role played by visual media, such as GIFs (Graphics Interchange Format) and memes, and social media platforms that have recently become very popular with young people (eg, Snapchat and TikTok) in health-related content creation and sharing requires more attention by social researchers seeking to better understand young people’s use of digital devices and software for health and fitness.

The role of hyperlocal media is of increasing relevance as traditional local journalism experiences a decline due to centrali-sation and consolidation. The affordances of Internet and digital technologies also enable hyperlocal initiatives to enhance civic engagement in localities and serve as a place and resource for local deliberative processes. This study examines how the aims, perceptions and practices of hyperlocal media vary in three countries of the Global North—Sweden, Finland and Russia—and what implications this has for connectedness and civic engagement in local public spheres. The context of different media systems and local political regimes help to explore possibilities and limitations of hyperlocals as agents of place‐oriented civic engagement. The data includes interviews with practitioners and analysis of selected hyperlocal media. Our results indicate that hyperlocal media practitioners in all three countries aim to provide local people and com-munities with a voice, and to enhance resident engagement in local life. We reveal three civic roles of hyperlocal media: (i) information provider, (ii) community builder, and (iii) civic mediator. Practices of civic engagement used by hyperlocal media range from relying on civic journalism to fostering civic debates and can be classified in two main categories: civic information and civic debate and interaction. The perceptions and practices of these hyperlocal media are, to some extent, similar because of comparable changes and challenges regarding the local media and public spheres. At the same time, the perceptions of civic roles vary, reflecting both the developments and differences in the countries’ media spheres and political regimes. This research raises a critical question about hyperlocal practitioners’ understanding of their own roles and aims, and in addition, how differences in media cultures and local regimes affect their performance as agents of local public spheres. publishedVersion

Interdisciplinary doctoral researcher Sasha Shestakova examines the intersections of climate change, extractivist capitalism and the destruction of indigenous cultures. Drawing on Françoise Vergès’ concept of the racial capitalocene, they trace the consequences of an oil spill and other environmental damage in Russia’s Far North on the lifeworlds of indigenous peoples. The text offers a planetary perspective, as well as querying the binary divides of human/nature and Global North/South. This contribution was shaped by discussions that emerged during the First Graduate Workshop of the Graduate School for East and Southeast European Studies, Unbuilding Binaries: Exploring affective and analytical responses to binary divisions as encountered in the field, in November 2020. The event was supported by the Leibniz ScienceCampus “Europe and America”., Frictions

This paper proposes a theoretical framework for the analysis of moments of openness toward refugees in the Global North. Four key types of representations and perceptions of the displaced are identified: deservingness, relatedness, perceived proximity, and connectedness to national identity. These representations and perceptions may enter policy-making through top-down and bottom-up mechanisms. This theoretical framework is applied to Germany's response to the 2015-2016 refugee "crisis." Findings highlight the fragility of some representational and perceptional registers, and set the stage for a broader research agenda on the emergence, evolution, and decline of moments of openness toward refugees in the Global North.

open access article The concept of Responsible Research and Innovation (RRI) has been developed in the Global North with little reference to what RRI or RRI-like practices mean in the context of the Global South. We discuss the contextual factors driving the emergence of responsible innovation practice and ways in which they can inform efforts to develop an inclusive and global conceptualization of RRI. Findings show that some activities in the Global South are comparable to those of the Global North, although important differences exist in motivations and structures. We go beyond prior framings to propose a reconfigured, inclusive theoretical framework that accounts for trans-regional differences by looking at three cases to illustrate international differences and to demonstrate an RRI continuum. Netherlands represents a more Global North concept of RRI; Malawi a Global South RRI concept and Brazil sits between these two extremes and assimilates RRI concepts from both ends of the continuum.