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The Advanced Virgo Plus project aims to increase the sensitivity of the Virgo gravitational-wave detector, given the forthcoming O4 Observing Run. One of the major upgrades is the addition of the Signal Recycling Mirror in the optical layout. This additional mirror will provide a broadband improvement to the sensitivity curve of the instrument, but poses significant challenges in the acquisition and operation of the detector’s working point. The process which brings the main optical components from the uncontrolled state to the final working point, which ensures the best detector sensitivity, is called lock acquisition: the lock acquisition is made by moving through increasingly more complex configurations toward the full control of all the interferometer’s longitudinal degrees of freedom. This paper will focus on the control of the Dual-Recycled Michelson Interferometer (DRMI, the central part of the Virgo interferometer), presenting a comprehensive study of the optical simulations used in the design and the commissioning of this configuration. Treated topics include: the characterization of optical fields, powers, and error signals for the controls; the development of a trigger logic to be used for the lock acquisition; the study of the alignment sensing and control system. The interdependence between the three items has also been studied. Moreover, the validity of the studied techniques will be assessed by a comparison with experimental data.

Video igre koje zahtijevaju veću količinu promišljanja u sve su većem porastu. Najbolji primjer za takav tip su upravo Sobe za bijeg. Igra koja je napravljena kao sastavni dio ovog Završnog rada omogućuje korisnicima da testiraju svoju inteligenciju na jednostavnom primjeru čija težina je na nižoj razini. Od igrača se očekuje da korištenjem kombinacije tipkovnice i miša za kontrolu kretanja i primarno osjetilom vida za proučavanje grafičkog dizajna sobe riješi nekoliko zagonetki bez specifičnih uputstava osim onih koji su ključni za napredovanje kroz same zagonetke. Sam produkt izrađen je u programskom alatu Unity uz pisanje određenih skripti u programskom jeziku C# te su pri izradi korišteni već gotovi pomoćni proizvodi iz Unity Asset Storea. Video games that require a greater amount of thought are on the rise. The best example of such type of games are Escape room games. The game that was created as a part of this Final thesis allows users to test their intelligence on a simple example which difficulty is at a lower level. Using a combination of keyboard and mouse to control movement and primarily using their sense of sight to study the graphic design of the room, the player is expected to solve several puzzles with no specific instructions other than those crucial to progressing through the puzzles themselves. The product itself was created in the Unity programming tool with certain scripts written in the C# programming language and already made helping products from the Unity Asset Store were used during the creation.

Welding fume is generated during welding activities and is a known cancer-causing hazard for those working in the welding industry. Worker exposure has been shown to regularly exceed the applicable workplace exposure standard, and control measures are required to reduce worker exposure. The aim of this study is to compare the effectiveness of control measures to prevent welding fume exposure to workers. To achieve this aim, three common welding fume control measures (local exhaust ventilation (LEV), powered air purifying respirators (PAPRs) and on-gun extraction) were used during four different welding tasks. Compared to using no controls, LEV hood capture is likely to reduce welding fume concentrations in the breathing zone of a welder by up to a factor of 9. The use of on-gun LEV is likely to reduce welding fume concentrations in the breathing zone of a welder by up to a factor of 12. The 5th percentile effective protection factors of the PAPR for all sampled welding activities were considerably greater than the required minimum protection factor of 50 specified in AS/NZS 1715:2009 for powered air purifying respirators (PAPRs) with class PAPR-P3 particulate filters with any head covering.

This thesis puts forward a control scheme to allow for synchronous rectification for dynamic wireless power transfer. The automotive industry is transitioning away from internal combustion engines (ICEs) and towards electric vehicles (EVs). This transition is spurred by the environmental and economic benefits EVs offer over ICEs. However, further improvements can still be made to how electric vehicles operate. One of these improvements is the technology of in motion wireless charging or dynamic wireless power transfer. In motion wireless charging offers the ability to remove existing range anxiety concerns for EVs. It also offers the potential for a reduction in battery sizes for EVs, which are the primary cost of EVs, this in turn decreases the total costs of mass EV adoption. Traditional implementations of in motion wireless charging utilize passive rectification to simplify controls between embedded primary pads and the vehicle. However, this solution while effective, limits the potential benefits of wireless charging. The use of synchronous or active rectification techniques, offer improved performance, control techniques, and bidirectional capabilities. However, the reason synchronous rectification is not already used in in motion charging is the complexity of synchronization over wireless communication. To move past this challenge, this thesis investigates a synchronization scheme that can be achieved without communication by taking advantage of induced free resonant currents in the vehicle’s tuning network to synchronize the switching transitions to receive power. In this thesis a traditional in motion wireless charging system utilizing passive rectification is designed and built as a benchmark for dynamic charging. Simulations of this control scheme are presented. Practical considerations are addressed for hardware realization. Finally, the control approach is validated through hardware in static and dynamic applications.

This set of deliverables will contain the risk-based cost-benefit analysis for the selection of security controls. This deliverable will describe the core model of the risk-based framework (M15) and its implementation as an integral part of the MEDINA solution (M24, M30). These deliverables are the result of Task 2.6.

Survey used to collect private citizen attitudes to cybersecurity

Any public events, especially meetings, rallies, demonstrations can turn into riots. Law enforcement agencies are preparing in advance to carry out these activities. In accordance with the governing documents, a special operation is being carried out and groups of operational formation are being allocated to stop the riots. The quality of task performance depends on the timely management of these groups. Operational formation groups are controlled by voice, loudspeakers and radio stations. The equipment of law enforcement personnel during a special operation to stop the riots requires the presence of a protective helmet. It reduces the ability to perceive voice commands. Also, riots are always accompanied by noise, which affects the quality of receiving voice commands by personnel. In accordance with the governing documents, the commanders of subunits and groups of operational formation must have means of communication. However, in conditions of riots, such distribution of communications equipment may be insufficient, which may lead to failure to fulfill the relevant tasks. At the same time, providing each representative of law enforcement agencies with a radio station requires financial costs. The article proposes a mathematical model for determining the required number of means of communication to ensure the fulfillment of the tasks of stopping mass riots. When developing this model, an approach was used to calculate the power of loudspeakers for lumped systems. The developed mathematical model takes into account the specifics of performing tasks during a special operation to stop mass riots and allows you to determine the total number of communications equipment necessary to ensure the management of operational formation groups. The model will help improve the management of operational formation groups and improve the quality of command transmission by commanders to the personnel of these groups., Запропоновано математичну модель визначення необхідної кількості засобів звʼязку для забезпечення стійкого управління групами оперативного шикування під час припинення масових заворушень. У процесі розроблення вказаної моделі використовувався підхід до розрахунку потужності гучномовців для зосереджених систем. Розроблена математична модель ураховує особливості виконання завдань підрозділами Національної гвардії України та іншими правоохоронними органами під час проведення спеціальної операції з припинення масових заворушень і дає змогу визначити загальну кількість засобів звʼязку, яка необхідна для забезпечення управління групами оперативного шикування. Застосування моделі сприятиме поліпшенню управління групами оперативного шикування та підвищенню якості передачі команд командирами до особового складу вказаних груп.

The GANIL Control System was developed in the first half of the nineties with ADA language. The user interfaces use MOTIF and XRT widgets. User interfaces have become more and more difficult to modify and there is a risk of obsolescence. GANIL plan to replace these old technologies and web technologies are anticipated. This paper will present the strategy defined to make the switch., Proceedings of the 13th International Workshop on Emerging Technologies and Scientific Facilities Controls, PCaPAC2022, Dolní Brežany, Czech Republic

[Ebook] PCaPAC 2022, Oct. 4-7 - 13th International Workshop on Emerging Technologies and Scientific Facilities Controls : proceedings : PCaPAC 2022 hosted by ELI Beamlines in Dolní Břežany/Prague, Czech Republic, 4-7 October 2022 / , [Geneva] : JACoW Publishing, Feb 2023, 13th International Workshop on Emerging Technologies and Scientific Facilities Controls, PCaPAC 2022, Prague, Czech Republic, 4 Oct 2022 - 7 Oct 2022; [Geneva] : JACoW Publishing 5 pp. (2023). doi:10.18429/JACoW-PCaPAC2022-WEO12, At DESY, a technical design report is currently being prepared for the upgrade of the PETRAIII synchrotron light source to PETRAIV, a fourth-generation low-emittance machine. Within the framework of this planned project, the accelerator control system is also to be renewed and adapted to the growing user requirements. This concerns on the one hand the core components of the control system itself, but also the hardware interfaces, the technical and beam physics control applications, the data acquisition and archiving systems, and the entire supporting IT infrastructure. The paper reports on the details of the proposed technical design concept., Published by JACoW Publishing, [Geneva]

[Ebook] PCaPAC 2022, Oct. 4-7 - 13th International Workshop on Emerging Technologies and Scientific Facilities Controls : proceedings : PCaPAC 2022 hosted by ELI Beamlines in Dolní Břežany/Prague, Czech Republic, 4-7 October 2022 / , [Geneva] : JACoW Publishing, Feb 2023, 13th International Workshop on Emerging Technologies and Scientific Facilities Controls (formerly Personal Computers and Particle Accelerator Controls), PCaPAC 2022, Prague, Czechia, 4 Oct 2022 - 7 Oct 2022; [Geneva] : JACoW Publishing 94-97 (2023). doi:10.18429/JACoW-PCaPAC2022-FRO11, This contribution introduces the Taskolib library, a powerful framework for automating processes. Users can easily assemble sequences out of process steps, execute these sequences, and follow their progress. Individual steps are fully programmable in the lightweight Lua language. If desired, sequences can be enhanced with flow control via well-known constructs such as IF, WHILE, or TRY. The library is written in platform-independent C++17 and carries no dependency on any specific control system or communication framework. Instead, such dependencies are injected by client code; as an example, the integration with a DOOCS server and a graphical user interface is demonstrated., Published by JACoW Publishing, [Geneva]

[Ebook] PCaPAC 2022, Oct. 4-7 - 13th International Workshop on Emerging Technologies and Scientific Facilities Controls : proceedings : PCaPAC 2022 hosted by ELI Beamlines in Dolní Břežany/Prague, Czech Republic, 4-7 October 2022 / , [Geneva] : JACoW Publishing, Feb 2023, 13th International Workshop on Emerging Technologies and Scientific Facilities Controls, PCaPAC 2022, Prague, Czech Republic, 4 Oct 2022 - 7 Oct 2022; [Geneva] : JACoW Publishing 4 pp. (2023). doi:10.18429/JACoW-PCaPAC2022, Today, control applications need to run on a variety of different operating systems, including Windows, Linux, and Mac OS, but also Android and iOS. Programming languages like Java have tried to solve this problem in the past by providing a common runtime environment. However, this approach is insufficient or even unavailable for mobile devices such as tablets and smartphones. Another problem is the different form factors of mobile and desktop devices, which makes it difficult to develop portable applications.One way out of this dilemma is to use standard web technologies (HTML5, CSS3, and JavaScript) to implement applications that run in the browser, which is available for all platforms. Modern JavaScript web application frame- works combined with JavaScript graphics libraries such as D3 are suitable for building both very simple and very complex web-based graphical user applications. This paper reports on the status and issues that we encountered in our current developments with React., Published by JACoW Publishing, [Geneva]

The objective of this research was to reduce the levels of risks to which the drilling master miner and the drilling assistant miner are exposed using Jackleg pneumatic machines in underground mining, it contributes to applicate the controls associated with the planning, execution, monitoring and improvement of this activity, to achieve safety and healthy workplaces. The research is descriptive and explanatory, and the methodology implements the observation of drilling fronts activity in underground mining. The research was developed in Compañía Minera Castrovirreyna S.A. The results obtained show that who work in drilling fronts with Jackleg pneumatic machines are mainly exposed to the following risks: rock falls, hand-arm vibrations, falls to the same level, material impact, entrapment by moving parts and knock down by moving equipment. The application of the proposed controls for this activity has resulted in 64% low residual risks and 36% medium residual risks., La presente investigación tuvo como objetivo reducir los niveles de riesgos a los cuales están expuestos el maestro y el ayudante de perforación que emplean máquina neumática Jackleg en minería subterránea, aportando la aplicación de controles asociados a la planificación, ejecución, seguimiento y mejora en dicha actividad; logrando lugares de trabajo seguros y saludables. La investigación es descriptivo explicativo y la metodología aplica la observación de la actividad de perforación de frentes en la minería subterránea. La investigación se desarrolló en Compañía Minera Castrovirreyna S.A. Los resultados obtenidos demuestran para quienes trabajan en la perforación de frentes con máquina neumática Jackleg, que están expuestos principalmente a riesgos de: caída de rocas, de vibraciones de brazo-mano, por caída al mismo nivel, de golpe de materiales, de atrapamiento por partes móviles y de atropellos por equipo en movimiento. La aplicación de los controles propuestos para esta actividad ha permitido lograr 64% de riesgos residuales bajos y 36% de riesgos residuales medios.

Typical swarm algorithms (leader-follower, artificial potentials, etc.) rely on knowledge about the pose of each vehicle and inter-vehicle proximity. This information is often obtained via Global Positioning System (GPS) and communicated via radio-frequency means.. This research examines the capabilities and limitations of using a fiducial marker system in conjunction with an artificial potential field algorithm to achieve inter-vehicle localization and coordinate the motion of unmanned surface vessels operating together in an environment where satellite and radio communications are inhibited. Using Gazebo, a physics-based robotic simulation environment, a virtual model is developed for incorporating fiducial markers on a group of autonomous surface vessels. A control framework using MATLAB and the Robot Operating System (ROS) is developed that integrates image processing, AprilTag fiducial marker detection, and artificial potential control algorithms. This architecture receives multiple video streams, detects AprilTags, and extracts pose information to control the forward motion and inter-vehicle spacing in a swarm of autonomous surface vessels. This control architecture is tested for a variety of trajectories and tuned so that the swarm can successfully maintain formation control. Lieutenant, United States Navy Approved for public release. Distribution is unlimited.

There are approximately 30 trillion cells in the human body, and nearly every cell has the same genomic sequence. Yet, due to differential gene expression, we have around 200 distinct cell types each with varying functionalities. The cell type specific states are maintained via the binding of multiple regulatory proteins to different locations along the genome in a process known as transcriptional regulation. Additionally, disruptions to the transcriptional regulation process may lead to the development of disease. Hence, uncovering the complex interplay of protein-DNA interactions along the genome is of critical importance. The advent of technologies probing the genomic sequence, as well as the development of powerful computational modeling techniques to relate DNA sequences to molecular phenotype, has enabled the understanding of many molecular processes genome wide. However, these computational methods require significant adaptation to biological systems - to accurately and fully account for the biology behind the molecular processes, as well as the biases associated with the data generating systems and processes. In this thesis, we address three main issues that arise from the use of omics data, more specifically ChIP-seq data, when identifying regulatory proteins along the genome. The first part of the thesis involves the study of the biases and noise associated with ChIP-seq experiments. Each experiment is prone to noise and bias, and as such we propose the use of a customized set of weighted controls, instead of equally weighted controls, for each ChIP-seq experiment in the peak calling process to mitigate the noise and bias. To do this, we implement a peak calling algorithm, called Weighted Analysis of ChIP-seq (WACS), which is an extension of the well-known peak caller MACS2, to incorporate the weighted controls in the peak calling process. We show that our approach assists in a better approximation of the noise distribution in controls, and fundamentally improves our understanding of ChIP-seq signals and their biases. Another aspect we explore in this thesis is the ability to uncover cell type specificity of transcription factor binding from the ChIP-seq data. A transcription factor may bind to various parts of the genome in different cell types, due to modifications in the DNA-binding preferences of the transcription factor, or other mechanisms, such as chromatin accessibility or cooperative binding, thus leading to a "DNA signature" of differential binding. We develop a deep learning approach, called SigTFB (Signatures of TF Binding) and conduct a wide scale analysis of hundreds of transcription factors to identify and quantify the varying degrees of cell type specific DNA signatures of various transcription factors across cell types. We also assess the consistency of cell type specificity for a specific transcription factor when assayed by different antibodies. We show that many transcription factors are indeed cell type specific, while others are more general with lower cell type specificity. Finally, to further explain the biology behind a transcription factor's cell type specificity, or lack that of, we conduct a wide scale motif enrichment analysis of all transcription factors in question. We show that cell type specific transcription factors are typically associated with corresponding differences in motif enrichment and gene expression. Together, these contributions deepen our knowledge of transcription factor binding, and how experimental and cell type specific variations can be uncovered.

The Bering sea is susceptible to ocean acidification driven by both human activities (anthropogenic CO2) and distinctive natural processes. To assess the situation of ocean acidification, we investigated the spatial variability of aragonite saturation states (ΩAr) in July 2010 during the 4th Chinese National Arctic Research Expedition (CHINARE). The surface waters were all oversaturated with respect to aragonite (ΩAr > 1) due to high biological removal, and ΩAr ranged from 1.43 to 3.17. The relatively low ΩAr values were found in the western Bering Strait and eastern nearshore region of the Bering Sea Shelf, which were associated with the upwelling and riverine input, respectively. In the subsurface, the ΩAr decreased to generally low saturation states and were observed to be strongly undersaturated (ΩAr

Background: The coefficient of friction (CoF) serves as an indicator for the mechanical properties of natural and regenerated articular cartilage (AC). After tribological exposure, a height loss (HL) of the cartilage pair specimens can be measured. Our aim was to determine the CoF and HL of regenerated AC tissue and compare them with those of natural AC from non-operated joints and AC from joints where the regenerated tissues had been created after different treatments. Methods: In partial-thickness defects of the trochleae of the stifle joints of 60 Göttingen Minipigs, regenerated AC was created. In total, 40 animals received a Col I matrix, 20 laden with autologous chondrocytes, and 20 without. The defects of 20 animals were left empty. The healing periods were 24 and 48 weeks. A total of 10 not-operated animals, delivered the “external” control specimens. Osteochondral pins were harvested from defect and non-defect areas, the latter serving as “internal” controls. Using a pin-on-plate tribometer, we measured the CoF and the HL. Results: The CoF of the regenerated AC ranged from 0.039 to 0.069, and the HL, from 0.22 mm to 0.33 mm. The differences between the regenerated AC of the six groups and the “external” controls were significant. The comparison with the “internal” controls revealed four significant differences for the CoF and one for the HL in the operated groups. No differences were seen within the operated groups. Conclusions: The mechanical quality of the regenerated AC tissue showed inferior behavior with regard to the CoF and HL in comparison with natural AC. The comparison of regenerated AC tissue with AC from untreated joints was more promising than with AC from the treated joints.

This set of deliverables will contain the risk-based cost-benefit analysis for the selection of security controls. This deliverable will describe the core model of the risk-based framework (M15) and its implementation as an integral part of the MEDINA solution (M24, M30). These deliverables are the result of Task 2.6.

Information Technology (IT) services plays a significant role to preform day-to-day operations in all organizations. Any unexpected outages in IT services may cause major financial loss due to business disruption. However, there are mandatory alterations executed frequently in IT infrastructure due to introducing, enhancing, modifying, replacing, or removing assets/services. Controlling the lifecycle of all alterations in the IT infrastructure is the responsibility of IT Change Management (ITCM). This is essential to ensure the security, availability, and reliability of the IT Infrastructure by eliminating the disruption of business and maximize IT services readiness towards customer satisfaction. This paper describes the process of storing, tracking, preventing and detecting configuration changes implemented in the IT infrastructure as part of IT change management process and in alignment with security standards and policies. Keywords: Information Technology, IT Change Management, Infrastructure, Controls, Configuration, Tracking. Title: An Approach to Control Information Technology Changes Author: Lamia T. AlSulaiman, Jumana F. Alturairi, Khalid A. Al-Khathlan International Journal of Computer Science and Information Technology Research ISSN 2348-1196 (print), ISSN 2348-120X (online) Vol. 10, Issue 3, July 2022 - September 2022 Page No: 81-85 Research Publish Journals Website: www.researchpublish.com Published Date: 19-September-2022 DOI: https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7092060 Paper Download Link (Source) https://www.researchpublish.com/papers/an-approach-to-control-information-technology-changes, International Journal of Computer Science and Information Technology Research, ISSN 2348-1196 (print), ISSN 2348-120X (online), Research Publish Journals, Website: www.researchpublish.com, {"references":["[1]\tHow to Implement a Modern IT Change Management Practice, Published 15 April 2020 - Gartner ID G00720845 - 69 min read, by Steve White, pp. 45 – 53.","[2]\tMagic Quadrant for Enterprise Agile Planning Tools, Published 21 April 2020, Gartner ID G00394014, By Keith Mann, Mike West, Bill Blosen, Akis Sklavounakis, Deacon D.K Wan."]}

La construcción, es un proceso importante a nivel mundial que garantiza la satisfacción de las necesidades humanas ya sea de vivienda, servicios, educación, salud, entre otros. Por eso mismo, debe evolucionar para mejorar a lo largo del tiempo sus procesos de ejecución y para cumplir con todos los objetivos propuestos en un proyecto en beneficio de una comunidad. La Metodología BIM1 permite la ejecución interdisciplinar para que una construcción sea más eficaz y concisa, como se explica en el presente ensayo, en el que se plantean las características principales de la misma, su implementación en Colombia, un ejemplo de puesta en marcha y la importancia de incluir la enseñanza de dicha metodología en el pregrado de universidades públicas como la Universidad Militar Nueva Granada. Construction is an important process worldwide that guarantees satisfaction of human needs, be it housing, services, education, health, among others. Because itself, must evolve to improve its execution processes over time and to meet all the objectives proposed in a project for the benefit of a community. The BIM1 Methodology allows interdisciplinary execution to make a construction more efficient and concise, as explained in this essay, in which the characteristics of the main aspects of it, its implementation in Colombia, an example of start-up and the Importance of including the teaching of this methodology in the undergraduate courses of universities such as the Nueva Granada Military University. Pregrado

Casalimpia S.A es una entidad que cuenta con un personal administrativo y operativo de alrededor de 16.000 empleados a nivel nacional; encargada de prestar servicios de aseo, catering, abastecimiento de insumos para la limpieza, servicios especializados empresariales, y desinfección de áreas. Inicialmente las labores designadas para la elaboración de las prácticas empresariales mencionadas en el informe de insumos tuvieron modificaciones en su distribución debido a la falta del personal en la que se vio involucrada la entidad, por lo cual, no se realizaron algunas de dichas actividades. Sin embargo, por ausencia de estas y con el fin de cubrir las actividades rutinarias de los trabajadores faltantes, se añadieron otras funciones propias de la Asistente Administrativa y de los Pasantes Sena las cuales debían ser relacionadas directamente al área de la Dirección Regional y de las cuales se hacen mención en el presente informe. Casalimpia S.A is an entity that has an administrative and operational staff of around 16,000 employees nationwide; in charge of providing cleaning services, catering, supply of cleaning supplies, specialized business services, and disinfection of áreas. First of all, the tasks designated for the elaboration of the business practices mentioned in the input report, had modifications in their distribution due to the lack of personnel in which the entity was involved, for which some of said activities were not carried out. However, due to the absence of these and in order to cover the routine activities of the missing workers, other functions of the Administrative Assistant and SENA Interns were added, which had to be directly related to the área of the Regional Directorate and the which have been mentioned in this report. Contador Público http://www.ustavillavicencio.edu.co/home/index.php/unidades/extension-y-proyeccion/investigacion Pregrado

As an Official Article Contributor, and this Article entitled, "Importance of Remote Sensing & Monitoring in Engineering Projects" contribution for the CEAI VIEWPOINT Journal March 2019 Edition. The article paper tackled about the importance of the Remote Sensing and Remote Monitoring that has an implication in the building physic strategy and within the building management through design optimization of the building envelope and consequently the passive energy saving gained from the building which enhances energy conversion. It’s only through analysis and an iterative process that examines the real estate needs of a building and the proposed architectural, and engineering design can be the most appropriate solution. The Remote Monitoring is being designed to control the astronomical or complex facilities of factories & towers, power plants, network operations centers, airports, and spacecraft, which involves automation. The passive remote sensing system defines as the naturally radiated or reflected energy from the earth’s surface features which are measured by the sensors operating in different selected spectral bands on board the air-borne/space-borne platforms. However, the objective is to support the science, art, and practice of the technological aspect of the building services engineering controls and monitoring for the facility management that is a specialized form of building controls and engineering concerned.

Wastewater-based epidemiology (WBE) is useful for the surveillance of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) in communities, complementing clinical diagnostic testing of individuals. In this Review, we summarize recent progress and highlight remaining challenges in monitoring SARS-CoV-2 RNA in wastewater systems for community and environmental surveillance. Very low concentrations of viral particles and RNA present in the complicated wastewater and sewage sample matrix require efficient sample processing and sensitive detection. We discuss advantages and limitations of available methods for wastewater sample processing, including collection, separation, enrichment, RNA extraction, and purification. Efficient extraction of the viral RNA and removal of interfering sample matrices are critical to the subsequent reverse transcription-quantitative polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR) for sensitive detection of SARS-CoV-2 in wastewater. We emphasize the importance of implementing appropriate controls and method validation, which include the use of surrogate viruses for assessing extraction efficiency and normalization against measurable chemical and biological components in wastewater. Critical analysis of the published studies reveals imperative research needs for the development, validation, and standardization of robust and sensitive methods for quantitative detection of viral RNA and proteins in wastewater for WBE.

El presente trabajo está basado en la actividad productiva de la empresa de Alumbrado Público de Distracción S.A.S, ubicada en el municipio de Distracción la Guajira, debido a los peligros comunes de la labor realizada por los colaboradores y el riesgo que representa para los mismos, como son los peligros biomecánicos (malas posturas, esfuerzos, movimientos repetitivos), físicos y condiciones de seguridad (eléctricos), entre otros, que se puedan presentar en la misma; se pretende también determinar a través de un procedimiento lógico bajo la Guía Técnica Colombiana GTC- 45, la importancia de la identificación, evaluación y valoración de los riesgos; así mismo, se establecen controles para bienestar físico, mental y social de los colaboradores de la empresa y de esta manera lograr un ambiente sano, seguro en la organización; es muy importante estar conscientes y generar conciencia en la empresa que se siempre se debe estar protegido en los lugares de trabajos y que el entorno laboral debe estar adaptado a nuestras necesidades físicas y mentales, con el fin de elaborar una matriz de riesgos para la empresa, sugiriendo implementar algunos controles dentro de la misma que ayuden a minimizar los riesgos laborales a los que se encuentran expuestos los colaboradores. This project is based on the productive activity of the Public Lighting Company in the town in Distracción SAS, it is located in the Distracción la Guajira town, due to the common dangers of the work carried out by the employees and the risk that it represents for them, such as risks due to bad posture, ergonomic, physical, electrical, among others, that may arise in it; It is also intended to determine through a logical procedure under the Colombian Technical Guide GTC-45, the importance of identifying hazards, assessing risks and establishing controls for the physical, mental and social well-being of workers and thus achieve a healthy and safe environment in the organization; It is very important to be aware and raise awareness in the company that workplaces must always be protected and that the work environment must be adapted to our physical and mental needs, in order to develop a risk matrix for the company , suggesting to implement some controls inside it that help to minimize the occupational risks to which workers are exposed. http://www.ustabuca.edu.co/ustabmanga/presentacion Especialización

La administración de los negocios de fiducia inmobiliaria, además de su particularidad, son concebidos de acuerdo al tipo de negocio y a las necesidades del fideicomitente, son operados en un modelo de gestión por procesos que además de ser funcional, es necesario indexarle un modelo de gestión de riesgos que le permita soportar una alta operatividad buscando siempre la eficiencia y eficacia en cada una de las actividades desarrolladas, esto le permitirá la identificación de alertas con el fin de establecer planes de acción que conlleven a la mitigación de riesgos tanto internos como externos, generando controles y buscando siempre la mejora continua, asimismo incita a formar equipos de trabajo especializado en su gestión y en atención al cliente generando experiencias por medio de momentos de verdad como lo son, la oportunidad y efectividad en las respuestas a solicitudes y pagos requeridos. The business’s management of real estate trust, in addition to the particularity are conceived according to the type of business and the needs of the trustor, they are operating in a model of process management that is functional and necessary register a model of risk management to support a high level of operability whit efficiency and effectiveness in each of the activities developed, this will allow the identify of alerts in order to establish action plans that carry to the mitigation of risks internal and external, generating controls and seeking continuous improvement, also encourages the formation of specialized teams of workers in their management and customer service, generating experiences through moments of truth such as timeliness and effectiveness in responding to requests and required payments. Especialización

Background Hyperhomocysteinemia is associated with autoimmune diseases such as ankylosing spondylitis (AS), systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE), and rheumatoid arthritis (RA). Current findings regarding plasma/serum homocysteine (HCY) levels in AS patients are inconsistent. This study aims to systematically evaluate the association between circulating HCY levels and AS. Methods Online electronic databases (PubMed, Web of Science, Embase, ScienceDirect, China National Knowledge Infrastructure (CNKI), and Wanfang data) were used to retrieve all relevant articles published up to May 7, 2020. The pooled standardized mean difference (SMD) with 95% confidence interval (CI) was calculated using the random-effect model, Stata16 software. Results Nine articles containing 778 AS patients and 522 controls were included in this meta-analysis. No significant differences in HCY levels were found between AS and control groups (pooled SMD = 0.46, 95% CI = − 0.30 to 1.23, P = 0.23). However, subgroup analysis suggested that HCY levels were significantly higher (P P Conclusion This meta-analysis indicates that HCY levels are similar between AS and controls, and do not correlate with disease activity. However, different medical treatments cause fluctuations of circulating HCY levels in AS patients. Further and larger-scale studies are needed to confirm these findings. Trial registration This study was registered at international prospective register of systematic reviews (PROSPERO), registration number: CRD42020184426.

Rabies is a fatal zoonotic disease caused by a virus through bites or saliva of an infected animal. Dogs are the main reservoir of rabies and responsible for most cases in humans worldwide. In this article, a delay differential equations model for assessing the effects of controls and time delay as incubation period on the transmission dynamics of rabies in human and dog populations is formulated and analyzed. Analysis from the model show that there is a locally and globally asymptotic stable disease-free equilibrium whenever a certain epidemiological threshold, the control reproduction number \documentclass[12pt]{minimal} \usepackage{amsmath} \usepackage{wasysym} \usepackage{amsfonts} \usepackage{amssymb} \usepackage{amsbsy} \usepackage{mathrsfs} \usepackage{upgreek} \setlength{\oddsidemargin}{-69pt} \begin{document}$$\mathcal {R}_v$$\end{document}Rv, is less than unity. Furthermore, the model has a unique endemic equilibrium when \documentclass[12pt]{minimal} \usepackage{amsmath} \usepackage{wasysym} \usepackage{amsfonts} \usepackage{amssymb} \usepackage{amsbsy} \usepackage{mathrsfs} \usepackage{upgreek} \setlength{\oddsidemargin}{-69pt} \begin{document}$$\mathcal {R}_v$$\end{document}Rv exceed unity which is also locally and globally asymptotically stable for all delays. Time delay is found to have influence on the endemicity of rabies. Vaccination of humans and dogs coupled with annual crop of puppies are imposed to curtail the spread of rabies in the populations. Sensitivity analysis on the number of infected humans and dogs revealed that increasing dog vaccination rate and decreasing annual birth of puppies are more effective in human populations. However in dog populations, the vaccination and birth control of puppies, have equal effective measures for rabies control. Numerical experiments are conducted to illustrate the theoretical results and control strategies.

Background Chromatin immunoprecipitation followed by high throughput sequencing (ChIP-seq), initially introduced more than a decade ago, is widely used by the scientific community to detect protein/DNA binding and histone modifications across the genome. Every experiment is prone to noise and bias, and ChIP-seq experiments are no exception. To alleviate bias, the incorporation of control datasets in ChIP-seq analysis is an essential step. The controls are used to account for the background signal, while the remainder of the ChIP-seq signal captures true binding or histone modification. However, a recurrent issue is different types of bias in different ChIP-seq experiments. Depending on which controls are used, different aspects of ChIP-seq bias are better or worse accounted for, and peak calling can produce different results for the same ChIP-seq experiment. Consequently, generating “smart” controls, which model the non-signal effect for a specific ChIP-seq experiment, could enhance contrast and increase the reliability and reproducibility of the results. Result We propose a peak calling algorithm, Weighted Analysis of ChIP-seq (WACS), which is an extension of the well-known peak caller MACS2. There are two main steps in WACS: First, weights are estimated for each control using non-negative least squares regression. The goal is to customize controls to model the noise distribution for each ChIP-seq experiment. This is then followed by peak calling. We demonstrate that WACS significantly outperforms MACS2 and AIControl, another recent algorithm for generating smart controls, in the detection of enriched regions along the genome, in terms of motif enrichment and reproducibility analyses. Conclusions This ultimately improves our understanding of ChIP-seq controls and their biases, and shows that WACS results in a better approximation of the noise distribution in controls.

Henok Mekonnen Dagne,1 Abulie Takele Melku,1 Adem Abdurkadir Abdi2 1World Vision Ethiopia, Hawassa, Ethiopia; 2Department of Public Health, Madda Walabu University Goba Referral Hospital School of Health Science, Bale Goba, EthiopiaCorrespondence: Abulie Takele MelkuDepartment of Public Health, Madda Walabu University Goba Referral Hospital School of Health Science, PO Box 302, Bale Goba, EthiopiaTel +251911060837Email Abuletakele@Yahoo.ComBackground: Stillbirth is one of the adverse outcomes of pregnancy, and it is among the major public health problems in developing countries including Ethiopia. Stillbirth has wide-reaching consequences for parents, care providers, community and society at large.Purpose: To assess the determinant of stillbirth among deliveries attended in Bale zone hospitals Southeast Ethiopia.Methods: An institution-based unmatched case–control study was conducted. Cases were deliveries whose birth outcome was stillbirth and controls were deliveries with live birth. A pretested and structured checklist was used to collect data from a sample of 402 (134 cases and 268 controls). Systematic random sampling was used to recruit samples from a list of charts in the delivery registration book. Data were entered into EpiData version 4.2 and exported to SPSS version 20 for analysis. Crude and adjusted odds ratio with 95%CI was calculated and P-value < 0.05 was used to declare statistical significance.Results: A total of 402 charts of mothers (134 cases and 268 controls) were included in the analysis. Preceding birth interval < 24 months (AOR: 2.991; 95%CI: 1.351– 6.621), antenatal visit started at third trimester (AOR: 2.739; 95%CI: 1.048– 7.158), referred from other health facility (AOR: 3.215; 95%CI: 1.430– 7.229), labor length ≥ 24 h (AOR: 3.169; 95%CI: 1.241– 8.091), presence of meconium stained amniotic fluid (AOR: 2.670; 95%CI: 1.082– 6.592) and giving birth to a baby < 2500 g (AOR: 3.155; 95%CI: 1.235– 8.07) were determinants of stillbirth.Conclusion: Preceding birth interval of < 24 months, antenatal visit started at third trimester, referred from other health facility, presence of meconium stained amniotic fluid, labor length ≤ 24 h and giving birth to a baby < 2500 g were found the determinants of stillbirth. Intrapartum care, early identification of labor complications and referral system are required.Keywords: stillbirth, determinant, cases, controls

El trabajo de investigación tiene como referencia un fraude de dinero en efectivo presentado en un hotel muy prestigioso y será de carácter documental, donde se manejan varias unidades estratégicas de negocio como: hospedaje, restaurantes, lavandería, largas estadías, catering, grandes eventos, entre otros, de donde se recauda un 70% del ingreso en efectivo diariamente y es custodiado en la caja general, para luego ser consignado en las cuentas bancarias del Hotel. El desarrollo de este trabajo es fortalecer el sistema de control interno, establecer procedimientos y estrategias que permitan al sector hotelero implementar controles que mitiguen el riesgo de la pérdida de los recursos en efectivo y la falsificación de documentos, efectuando una exhaustiva evaluación de los eventos, las oportunidades y las conductas fraudulentas de los empleados del Hotel, presentados en el fraude del dinero en efectivo en la caja general. Tabla de Contenido Lista de Ilustraciones Resumen Definición del problema Pregunta de investigación Objetivos Objetivo General Objetivos Específicos Marco teórico Conceptos generales Fraude Corrupción Riesgo Administración del riesgo Procedimiento Transportadora de valores Arqueo de caja Plan de mejora Control Auditoría interna Debilidades que dieron lugar al fraude del efectivo de la Caja General Análisis de las circunstancias para el fraude del dinero en efectivo Fortalecimiento del sistema de control interno basado en riesgos y proponer las acciones de mejora frente al fraude del dinero en efectivo Sistema de Control Interno Plan de mejoramiento Conclusiones Recomendaciones Bibliografía The research work has as reference a cash fraud presented in a very prestigious Hotel and will be of a documentary nature, where several strategic business units are handled such as: lodging, restaurants, laundry, long stays, catering, large events, among others. others, from which 70% of the daily income is collected in cash and is kept in the general cash register, to later be deposited in the Hotel's bank accounts. The development of this work is to strengthen the internal control system, establish procedures and strategies that allow the hotel sector to implement controls that mitigate the risk of the loss of cash resources and the falsification of documents, carrying out an exhaustive evaluation of the events, the fraudulent opportunities, and behaviors of the Hotel employees, presented in the cash fraud in the general box. . Especialización

Tras el paso y evolución de las entidades bancarias en Colombia, podemos ver que la aplicación de nuevas normas, ajustes tecnológicos a todos los sistemas, nuevas políticas y procesos, permiten que en el área de cartera se abran brechas para incurrir en riesgos operativos, los cuales van atados, de todo su talento humano y tecnológico, dando paso a que se creen errores o fraudes internos o externos en la entidad. Por esto la aplicación de los adecuados controles y las circulares con las que apoya y vigila la Superintendencia Financiera, son métodos que nos permiten mitigar las irregularidades, que se puedan presentar en un gran porcentaje en el área de cartera, por lo tanto, es importante que se realice un debido seguimiento a cada proceso, el cual ayude a crear nuevas políticas y controles al momento de implementar o actualizar funciones, cumpliendo al final con las estrategias creadas por la entidad bancaria. Tabla de Contenido Resumen 6 Definición del problema 8 Pregunta de investigación 8 Objetivos 9 Objetivo General 9 Objetivos Específicos 9 Marco teórico 10 Riesgo operativo financiero 10 Importancia del control del riesgo operativo financiero 12 Impacto y las circunstancias que pueden afectar o vulnerar el área de cartera presentando el riesgo operativo 18 Circulares Externas 21 Cartas Circulares 21 Resoluciones de Carácter General 21 Tipos de riesgo operativo interno 21 Procesos 22 Tecnología 23 Infraestructura 23 Riesgo operativo externo 23 Los Riesgos operativos en clasifican en: 23 Fraude Interno 23 Fraude Externo 23 Relaciones laborales 24 Clientes 24 Daños a activos físicos 24 Fallas tecnológicas 24 Ejecución y administración de procesos 24 Recurso Humano 24 Estrategias para reducir el riesgo operativo en cartera 25 Implementación Circular 041 de 2007, Sistema de Administración de Riesgo Operativo (SARO) 26 Identificación 27 Medición 27 Control 27 Monitoreo 28 Elementos del SARO 28 Políticas 28 Procedimientos 28 Documentación 28 Manual de Riesgo Operativo 28 Estructura Organizacional 29 Registro de eventos del riesgo operativo 30 Conclusiones 32 Recomendaciones 33 Bibliografía 34 After the passage and evolution of the banking entities in Colombia, we can see that the application of new regulations, technological adjustments To all systems, new politics and processes, allow in the portfolio area, opening gaps to incur operational risks, which are tied of all their human and technological talent, giving way to internal or external errors or fraud in the entity. For this reason, the application of adequate controls and the circulars with which the Financial Superintendence supports and monitors, are methods that allow us to mitigate irregularities, which may occur in a large percentage in the portfolio area, therefore, it is important that a proper follow-up be carried out on each process, which helps to create new policies and controls when implementing or updating functions, ultimately complying with the strategies created by the banking entity. Especialización

The person wishing to build must adhere to the legal provisions predetermined by the legislation regulating urbanization and related to the building permit in terms of conditions for obtaining the building permit, whether these conditions relate to the request for leave, which is a preliminary and necessary procedure that must be followed by the person concerned with the leave in terms of submitting the leave request and the procedures that This request or the conditions related to the subject of the permit, i.e. construction works subject to this permit, pass by because the building permit is one of the most administrative means regulating one of the constitutional rights, which is the right of ownership guaranteed by the Constitution of the Republic of Iraq for the year 2005 B Item (first) of Article (23) must be stipulated by stipulating that (private property is protected, and the owner has the right to use it, exploit it and dispose of it, within the limits of the law), and item (second) of Article (27) by saying (is regulated by law, provisions relating to the preservation of state property And its management and the conditions for disposal thereof, and the limits within which it is not permissible to dispose of any of these funds), so the public interest, especially those that relate to construction, is what the legislator has hoped to interfere with by setting rules for this building and one of the most important of these rules is granting the building permit as it has become in most countries of the world One of the main means of respecting the rules for organizing and preserving the cultural character of cities is why Prevent the random construction that affects the health, aesthetic, and social aspects of residential areas, industrial and commercial areas. Therefore, we find that the Iraqi legislator has worked hard to put some texts in the regular and subsidiary legislation to address this issue, including the Municipal Administration Law No. (165) for the year 1964, as amended, and the Roads and Buildings System No. (44) for the year 1935, and the legislator was not satisfied with that, especially after the spread of the random construction phenomenon in The cities of Iraq in a manner that violates the foundations and controls of urban planning in a manner that represents a serious transgression of regulations and instructions. Therefore, we find that he issued specialized instructions for that which is the building permits system No. (2) for the year 2016, and if he violates those provisions, he becomes subject to legal accountability by the administration, and therefore has the right to impose an administrative penalty. Or non-management The goal of appropriate criminal or civil of the penalty.

BackgroundA challenge in the post-GWAS era is to assign function to disease-associated variants. However, available resources do not include all tissues or environmental exposures that are relevant to all diseases. For example, exaggerated bronchoconstriction of airway smooth muscle cells (ASMCs) defines airway hyperresponsiveness (AHR), a cardinal feature of asthma. However, the contribution of ASMC to genetic and genomic studies has largely been overlooked. Our study aimed to address the gap in data availability from a critical tissue in genomic studies of asthma.MethodsWe developed a cell model of AHR to discover variants associated with transcriptional, epigenetic, and cellular responses to two AHR promoting cytokines, IL-13 and IL-17A, and performed a GWAS of bronchial responsiveness (BRI) in humans.ResultsOur study revealed significant response differences between ASMCs from asthma cases and controls, including genes implicated in asthma susceptibility. We defined molecular quantitative trait loci (QTLs) for expression (eQTLs) and methylation (meQTLs), and cellular QTLs for contractility (coQTLs) and performed a GWAS of BRI in human subjects. Variants in asthma GWAS were significantly enriched for ASM QTLs and BRI-associated SNPs, and near genes enriched for ASM function, many with smallPvalues that did not reach stringent thresholds of significance in GWAS.ConclusionsOur study identified significant differences between ASMCs from asthma cases and controls, potentially reflecting trained tolerance in these cells, as well as a set of variants, overlooked in previous GWAS, which reflect the AHR component of asthma.

Managing capital flows needs an appropriate association of foreign exchange reserves, foreign borrowing, and capital control. These policies are considered as a tool to predict sudden stops (SS). Consequently, this analysis identifies the occurrences of SS for a sample of 200 countries within the period 1985 - 2019. The probability of SS is determined through a logit model. Results suggest that effective management reduces the probability of sudden stops. A spillover risk influence analysis was conducted on the gross domestic product, consumption, investment, and unemployment. The results show harmful impacts on these macroeconomic variables. The findings demonstrate that countries with a satisfactory level of exchange foreign reserves, small foreign borrowing, and initiating capital controls before the occurrence of SS, are less touched by the spillover risk than emergent economies which are more vulnerable than rich economies.

Alemwork Desta Meshesha,1 Muluken Azage,2 Endalkachew Worku,3 Getahun Gebre Bogale4 1ART Clinic, Dessie Referral Hospital, Dessie, Amhara Regional State, Ethiopia; 2Department of Environmental Health, School of Public Health, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, Bahir Dar University, Bahir Dar, Ethiopia; 3Department of Reproductive Health and Population Studies, School of Public Health, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, Bahir Dar University, Bahir Dar, Ethiopia; 4Department of Health Informatics, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, Wollo University, Dessie, EthiopiaCorrespondence: Getahun Gebre Bogale P.O. Box: 1145 Tel +251914715992Email getahungebre21@gmail.comAlemwork Desta Meshesha P.O. Box: 15478 Tel +251914614994Email alemworkd21@gmail.comBackground: Globally, every year, 2.5 million infants die within their first month of life. Birth asphyxia is one of the leading causes in all low- and middle-income countries and the leading single cause of neonatal mortality in Ethiopia. Therefore, the aim of this study was to identify the determinants of birth asphyxia among newborns admitted to neonatal intensive care units (NICU) in Amhara region referral hospitals, Ethiopia. Methods:Facility-based unmatched case-control study was employed fromMarch 1 to April 30,2018. Cases were newborn babies admitted to neonatal intensive care units with an admissioncriteria of birth asphyxia with APGAR score of < 7 at five min of birth and controls were newbornbabies admitted to NICU with an admission criteria of other complications (such as jaundice,congenital anomalies, sepsis, hemorrhagic diseases) with APGAR score of ≥7 at five min of birth.Using SPSS version 20, bivariate logistic regression model was fitted to check the relation of eachindependent variable to the outcome variable. Variables with p < 0.2 in bivariate analysis weretransferred to multivariable logistic regression model for final analysis. Variables with an adjustedodds ratio (AOR) of 95%CI and p < 0.05 were reported as determinants of birth asphyxia. Results: Data were collected from 193 cases and 193 controls with a response rate of 100%. Low birth weight (AOR: 8.94, 95%CI: 4.08, 19.56), born at health centers (AOR: 7.36, 95%CI: 2.44, 22.13), instrumental delivery (AOR: 3.03, 95%CI: 1.41, 6.49), and prolonged labor (AOR: 2.00, 95%CI: 1.20, 3.36) were significant determinants of birth asphyxia. Conclusion: Even though most of the identified variables are the common and familiar causes of birth asphyxia, neonates born at health centers were more exposed to birth asphyxia than neonates born in hospitals. This might be due to delay of referral process and lack of skilled professionals in health centers. Further research might be needed to identify the root causes of delays and follow-up issues by adding qualitative component. Keywords: birth asphyxia, cases, controls, case-control

Alemwork Desta Meshesha,1 Muluken Azage,2 Endalkachew Worku,3 Getahun Gebre Bogale4 1ART Clinic, Dessie Referral Hospital, Dessie, Amhara Regional State, Ethiopia; 2Department of Environmental Health, School of Public Health, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, Bahir Dar University, Bahir Dar, Ethiopia; 3Department of Reproductive Health and Population Studies, School of Public Health, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, Bahir Dar University, Bahir Dar, Ethiopia; 4Department of Health Informatics, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, Wollo University, Dessie, EthiopiaCorrespondence: Getahun Gebre Bogale P.O. Box: 1145 Tel +251914715992Email getahungebre21@gmail.comAlemwork Desta Meshesha P.O. Box: 15478 Tel +251914614994Email alemworkd21@gmail.comBackground: Globally, every year, 2.5 million infants die within their first month of life. Birth asphyxia is one of the leading causes in all low- and middle-income countries and the leading single cause of neonatal mortality in Ethiopia. Therefore, the aim of this study was to identify the determinants of birth asphyxia among newborns admitted to neonatal intensive care units (NICU) in Amhara region referral hospitals, Ethiopia. Methods:Facility-based unmatched case-control study was employed fromMarch 1 to April 30,2018. Cases were newborn babies admitted to neonatal intensive care units with an admissioncriteria of birth asphyxia with APGAR score of < 7 at five min of birth and controls were newbornbabies admitted to NICU with an admission criteria of other complications (such as jaundice,congenital anomalies, sepsis, hemorrhagic diseases) with APGAR score of ≥7 at five min of birth.Using SPSS version 20, bivariate logistic regression model was fitted to check the relation of eachindependent variable to the outcome variable. Variables with p < 0.2 in bivariate analysis weretransferred to multivariable logistic regression model for final analysis. Variables with an adjustedodds ratio (AOR) of 95%CI and p < 0.05 were reported as determinants of birth asphyxia. Results: Data were collected from 193 cases and 193 controls with a response rate of 100%. Low birth weight (AOR: 8.94, 95%CI: 4.08, 19.56), born at health centers (AOR: 7.36, 95%CI: 2.44, 22.13), instrumental delivery (AOR: 3.03, 95%CI: 1.41, 6.49), and prolonged labor (AOR: 2.00, 95%CI: 1.20, 3.36) were significant determinants of birth asphyxia. Conclusion: Even though most of the identified variables are the common and familiar causes of birth asphyxia, neonates born at health centers were more exposed to birth asphyxia than neonates born in hospitals. This might be due to delay of referral process and lack of skilled professionals in health centers. Further research might be needed to identify the root causes of delays and follow-up issues by adding qualitative component. Keywords: birth asphyxia, cases, controls, case-control

CEA is in charge of the tuning regulation systems for the SARAF-Linac project. These tuning systems will be used with LLRF to regulate the 3 Rebuncher cavities and the HWR cavities of the 4 cryomodules. These systems were already tested on the Rebuncher and Equipped Cavity Test stands to test respectively the warm and cold tunings. This paper describes the hardware and software architectures. Both tuning systems are based on Siemens PLC and EPICS-PLC communication. Ambiant temperature technology is based on SIEMENS motor controller solution whereas the cold one combines Phytron and PhyMOTION solutions., Proceedings of the 18th International Conference on Accelerator and Large Experimental Physics Control Systems, ICALEPCS2021, Shanghai, China

The superconducting LINAC of SPIRAL2 at the GANIL facility has been in operation since October 2019. The accelerator uses 12 low beta and 14 high beta supercon-ducting quarter wave cavities, cooled at 4°K, working at 88 MHz. The cavities are operated at a nominal gradient of 6.5 MV/m and are independently powered by a LLRF and a solid-state amplifier, protected by a circulator. Pro-ton and deuteron beam currents can reach 5 mA and beam loading perturbation is particularly strong on the first cavities, as they are operated at field levels much lower than the nominal one. This paper presents a feedback after three years of oper-ation, focuses on the RF issues, describing problems and required improvement on the low level, control and pow-er systems, Proceedings of the 31st International Linear Accelerator Conference, LINAC2022, Liverpool, UK

The Cherenkov Telescope Array (CTA) is the next-generation ground-based gamma-ray observatory. Its design comprises close to 100 imaging atmospheric Cherenkov telescopes deployed at a southern (Paranal, Chile) and a northern (La Palma, Canary Islands, Spain) site. The inclusion of various array elements, like Large-Sized, Medium-Sized and Small-Sized Telescopes, instruments for atmosphere monitoring, etc, into the Array Control and Data Acquisition System (ACADA) poses a particular challenge which is met by an appropriate software architecture and a well-defined interface for array elements. This conference contribution describes exemplarily how the interface is implemented for the Medium-Sized Telescopes (MSTs, 12m diameter). The implementation uses the ALMA Common Software (ACS) as a framework for software applications facilitating the readout and control of telescope subsystems like the drive system or the pointing camera; the communication with subsystems takes advantage of the OPC UA protocol. It is also discussed what technologies (e.g. data bases) are used for the acquisition and storage of telescope-specific monitoring data., Proceedings of the 18th International Conference on Accelerator and Large Experimental Physics Control Systems, ICALEPCS2021, Shanghai, China

La possibilité pour des "cyber-salariés" en télétravail de mesurer leur temps de travail est une question nouvelle et pourtant nécessaire. Le salarié doit pouvoir être contrôlé dans son activité mais sans pour autant voir sa vie privée exposée.

Lesions of the central nervous system are one of the major causes of disability in the world. Many patients suffering from an impairment of neuromotor functionality have the potential to recover at least some of their movement ability by harnessing the principle of brain plasticity. Intensive and individualized neurotherapy can substantially induce plasticity leading to a more complete recovery compared to relying only on spontaneous neural processes. Providing a sufficient amount of intensive and individualized therapy to patients is an ever-growing challenge. Financial restrictions of the healthcare system and the availability of skilled and experienced therapists put bounds on the time therapists can spend on treating a patient. The steady growth of demographic aging, combined with the high incidence of stroke in the elderly population, will accelerate the urgency of this challenge in the near future. Thus, finding solutions to provide therapy with better efficacy of the therapist's work time has a substantial impact on recovery from disability. Robot-assisted therapy offers standardized and data-based intervention while allowing therapists to use their work time more effectively by automating some aspects of therapy. Particularly, robots that can guide, assist, and resist movements of the full limb have the potential to substitute a substantial part of the therapist's interactions for any state of the patient's impairment severity (e.g., severely to mildly affected). Thus, a broad adoption of therapy robots in clinics would promise the biggest impact of these benefits. Fully assistive state-of-the-art therapy robots (i.e., exoskeletons like ArmeoPower, Hocoma AG, Switzerland) were so far mostly restricted to application with severely affected patients. Their restricted range of motion, speed, and haptic transparency limited the applicability, particularly for moderately to mildly affected patients. Partially assistive robots like Diego (Tyromotion, Austria) could not correct or assist posture and were restricted in rendering exercises with selective resistance or constraints. Thus, the overall goal of this thesis was to develop a fully assistive robotic system (i.e., exoskeleton) that offers the technical capability to provide meaningful therapy for the full ability range of patients, i.e., severely to mildly affected. The main contributions of this thesis were: Kinematic Design: We developed a kinematic structure for an exoskeleton involving all relevant degrees of freedom of the human arm. Particularly, the kinematic design of the spherical robotic glenohumeral and wrist joint combined with controlled shoulder coupling maximized the manipulability while providing almost the full active range of motion of humans. Thereby, we could enable unprecedented freedom of movement while being assisted by the robot, which is essential particularly for moderately to mildly affected patients. Hardware Design: We proposed a linkage and human-robot attachment design together with a selection of actuators and sensors, equipping the robot with sufficient strength, speed, and haptic rendering capability while preventing collisions with the human while traveling through the range of motion. Thereby, the robot system can provide a versatile range of interactions with the user, \eg haptic transparency, fully guided and assisted movements, heavy resistance for maximum strength training, and relatively stiff haptic walls. Arm and Torso Attachment: We introduced a new concept for the human-robot attachment of the arm and a simple but effective haptic reference for the upper torso. In a case study of four participants, we could demonstrate the improved resilience of joint alignment under load and improved attachment repeatability of this proposed concept compared to conventional solutions. Scalupa Support: We developed a body-powered orthosis that could stabilize and mobilize the scapula on the physiologic scapulohumeral rhythm. In a case study of four participants, the slightly modified orthosis was combined with our new exoskeleton, demonstrating effective support of the scapula during the use of the robot. Thus, we were the first to find a solution on how to support the scapula without therapist intervention during robot-assisted therapy. Thereby, we could increase the potential autonomy of rehabilitation exoskeletons in treating patients with distorted scapular stability and mobility. Control Modularity: We adopted control algorithms for modular task organization and optimization from the field of autonomous robots to the rehabilitation device. We could successfully demonstrate merging tasks defined in isolated software modules to a desired overall system behavior. Thus, we proposed and validated a method facilitating the implementation of the control policies for this complex robot in modular junks defined in the most convenient and intuitive representation space. High-Fidelity Haptic Rendering: We proposed an easy-to-tune control policy for robust interaction force control reducing the tracking error substantially in the presence of nimble movements dictated by the user. Furthermore, we demonstrated the combination of this method with kinematic constraints and the controlled shoulder coupling using the above-mentioned optimization method. Thus, we introduced a control system for wide impedance range haptic rendering. The ANYexo 2.0, the first device to unite these capabilities, could be the vanguard for highly versatile robotic therapy assistants applicable to a broad target group and an extensive range of exercises. Thus, this work is a step in advancing the practical adoption of these devices in clinics.

[Ebook] 13th International Particle Accelerator Conference : June 12-17, 2022, Impact Forum, Muangthong Thani, Bangkok, Thailand : conference proceedings / Chanwattana, Thakonwat , [Geneva] : JACoW Publishing, July 2022, 13th International Particle Accelerator Conference, IPAC'22, Bangkok, Thailand, 12 Jun 2022 - 17 Jun 2022; [Geneva] : JACoW Publishing, Geneva, Switzerland 2330-2333 (2022). doi:10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2022-WEPOMS036, Machine learning has proven to be a powerful tool with many applications in the field of accelerator physics. Training machine learning models is a highly iterative process that requires large numbers of samples. However, beam time is often limited and many of the available simulation frameworks are not optimized for fast computation. As a result, training complex models can be infeasible. In this contribution, we introduce Cheetah, a linear beam dynamics framework optimized for fast computations. We show that Cheetah outperforms existing simulation codes in terms of speed and furthermore demonstrate the application of Cheetah to a reinforcement-learning problem as well as the successful transfer of the Cheetah-trained model to the real world. We anticipate that Cheetah will allow for faster development of more capable machine learning solutions in the field, one day enabling the development of autonomous accelerators., Published by JACoW Publishing, Geneva, Switzerland, [Geneva]

Дипломний проєкт на тему «Безпілотний авіаційний комплекс. Пульт дистанційного керування» складається з пояснювальної записки обсягом 53 сторінки, що включає 45 ілюстрацій, 2 таблиці, 2 додатки, 4 креслення та 37 посилань. Метою даного дипломного проєкту є створення пульту дистанційного керування, який матиме ергономічний корпус з мінімалістичними та інтуїтивно зрозумілими органами керування, екран для виводу інформації про стан безпілотного авіаційного комплексу, тримачі для виводу зображення на периферійний пристрій, а також можливість вносити зміни до програмного забезпечення апарату з метою покращення його експлуатаційних характеристик (дизайн та функції інтерфейсу користувача, покращення енергоефективного режиму тощо) та можливість подальшої модифікації. В дипломному проєкті проведено аналіз та порівняння аналогічних рішень, які вже представлені на ринку, визначено вдалі і невдалі конструкторські рішення. Розроблено структурну електричну схему пристрою, схемотехнічне рішення у вигляді готових покупних модулів, конструкцію корпусу пристрою. Також розроблено комплект конструкторської документації. Diploma project on «Unmanned Aerial System. Remote Control» presented 53 pages, which includes 45 illustrations, 2 tables, 2 appendices, 4 drawings and 37 references. The aim of this diploma project was to create a remote control, which will have an ergonomic form with minimalistic and user-friendly controls, a screen for displaying flight information, holders for an auxiliary video display , as well as the ability to change software of the device in order to improve its operational characteristics (design and functions of the user interface, improvements of power-save mode, etc.) and the possibility of further modifications. The diploma project consists of analyzes and comparisons of the similar solutions that are already on the market, identifies successful and unsuccessful design solutions. Wiring diagram in form of connections of purchased modules, a design of the housing of the device are developed. A set of design documentation has also been developed.

Proceedings of the 31st International Linear Accelerator Conference, LINAC2022, Liverpool, UK 31st Linear Accelerator Conference, LINAC2022, Liverpool, UK, 28 Aug 2022 - 2 Sep 2022; [Geneva] : JACoW Publishing, Geneva, Switzerland 451-453 (2022). doi:10.18429/JACoW-LINAC2022-TUPOPA17, Since the commissioning of the modulators in the European XFEL in 2016, it happened from time to time that the modulator control system hung up. The reason for the problem was unknown at that time. Initially, the MTBF (Mean Time Between Failure) was 10⁴ days, which was so rare that other problems with the RF system clearly dominated and were addressed first. Over the next 2 years, the error became more frequent and occurred on average every 18 days. After the winter shutdown of the XFEL in 2020, the problem became absolutely dominant, with an MTBF of 2 days. Therefore, the fault was investigated with top priority and was finally identified. Two units of the control electronics communicate via USB 2.0 with the main server. Using special measurement technology, it was possible to prove that weak signal levels in the USB signal led to bit errors and thus to the crash of the control electronics. This article describes the troubleshooting process, how to measure the signal quality of USB signals and how the problem was solved in the end., Published by JACoW Publishing, Geneva, Switzerland, [Geneva]

SPIRAL2 is a superconducting accelerator for protons, deuterons and heavy ions delivering a maximum beam power of 200 kW at 40 MeV (for deuteron beams). 26 superconducting quarter wave cavities are operated at 4.4 K, plunged in a liquid helium bath with a drastic phase separator pressure control. Previous years have seen the development of advanced process control for cryogenics allowing to cope with high heat load dynamics thanks to an automatic heat dissipation compensation and a model based control. The latter is based on models, using the Simcryogenics library, optimized and linearised in the Programmable Logic Controllers. The SPIRAL2 operation has demonstrated that such control allows to keep the specified conditions for RF and beam operation even at levels of heat load dissipation approaching the physical limits of the cryogenic system. These developments allowed to synthesise a virtual observer of the dynamic heat load dissipated by the cavities. The present paper summarises the development of such observer based on the physical thermodynamic model and on machine learning techniques., Proceedings of the 31st International Linear Accelerator Conference, LINAC2022, Liverpool, UK

Proceedings of the 13th International Particle Accelerator Conference, IPAC2022, Bangkok, Thailand 13th International Particle Accelerator Conference, IPAC'22, Bangkok, Thailand, 12 Jun 2022 - 17 Jun 2022; [Geneva] : JACoW Publishing, Geneva, Switzerland 3 pp. (2022). doi:10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2022-TUPOMS016, Machine learning and artificial intelligence are becoming widespread paradigms in control of complex processes. Operation of accelerator facilities is not an exception, with a number of advances having happened over the last years. In the domain of intelligent control of accelerator facilities, the research has mostly been focused on feasibility demonstration of ML-based agents, or application of ML-based agents to a well-defined problem such as parameter tuning. The main challenge on the way to a more holistic AI-based operation, in our opinion, is of engineering nature and is related to the need of significant reduction of the amount of human intervention. The areas where such intervention is still significant are: training and tuning of ML models; scheduling and orchestrating of multiple intelligent agents; data stream handling; configuration management; and software testing and verification requiring advanced simulation environment. We have developed a software framework which attempts to address all these issues. The design and implementation of this system will be presented, together with application examples for the PETRA III storage ring., Published by JACoW Publishing, Geneva, Switzerland, [Geneva]

The SPIRAL2 superconducting linac has been successfully commissioned with protons in 2020. During the commissioning, a model of the cavity and its LLRF control loop has been developed. The model enables to have better understanding of the system and was used to guide the tuning of the PI(D) correctors for beam loading compensation. Here we review the development of such a tool, computed with MATLAB Simulink and using the frequency domain (Laplace transfer function) to model the cavity RF and mechanical behaviours (Lorentz detuning), as well as all elements that compose the RF control loop (digital LLRF, amplifier, transmission lines, etc.). The benchmarking of the model with measurement carried out with the proton beam is also discussed in this contribution., Proceedings of the 31st International Linear Accelerator Conference, LINAC2022, Liverpool, UK

Proceedings of the 31st International Linear Accelerator Conference, LINAC2022, Liverpool, UK 31st International Linear Accelerator Conference, LINAC2022, Liverpool, UK, 28 Aug 2022 - 2 Sep 2022; [Geneva] : JACoW Publishing, Geneva, Switzerland 785-788 (2022). doi:10.18429/JACoW-LINAC2022-THPOPA21, LCLS-II is an X-Ray Free Electron Laser (XFEL) com-missioned in 2022, being the first Continuous Wave (CW) hard XFEL in the world to come into operation. To accelerate the electron beam to an energy of 4 GeV, 280 TESLA type superconducting RF (SRF) cavities are used. A quality factor $(𝑄_𝐿 )$ of $4×10^7$ is used to drive the cavities at a power level of a few kilowatts. For this $𝑄_𝐿$ , the RF cavity bandwidth is 32 Hz. Therefore, keeping the cavity resonance frequency within such bandwidth is imperative to avoid a significant increase in the required drive power. In superconducting accelerators, resonance frequency variations are produced by mechanical microphonic vibrations of the cavities. One source of microphonic noise is rotary machinery such as vacuum pumps or HVAC equipment. A possible method to reject these disturbances is to use Narrowband Active Noise Control (NANC) techniques. Such a technique was already tested at DESY/CMTB [1] and Cornell/CBETA [2].This proceeding presents the implementation of a NANC controller adapted to the LCLS-II Low Level RF (LLRF) control system. Tests showing the rejection of LCLS-II microphonic disturbances are also presented., Published by JACoW Publishing, Geneva, Switzerland, [Geneva]