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Die Publikation dokumentiert die Ergebnisse der epidemiologischen Studie zu gesundheitlichen Auswirkungen von ultrafeinen und feinen Partikeln und Ruß. Wie sich ultrafeine Partikel auf die Gesundheit auswirken, ist bisher noch nicht ausreichend untersucht. Mit der Auswertung der langen Messreihen von Dresden, Leipzig und Augsburg leistet die Studie deshalb einen Beitrag zum besseren Verständnis der Folgen von Luftschadstoffen auf die menschliche Gesundheit. Die Analysen zeigten erhöhte Risiken sowohl für respiratorische Mortalität als auch für die Hospitalisierung zu unterschiedlichen Zeitpunkten nach der Exposition mit ultrafeinen Partikeln. Dabei stieg das Risiko beispielsweise in der kalten Jahreshälfte stärker an. Die Veröffentlichung richtet sich an Vertreter von Fachbehörden und Forschungseinrichtungen, aber auch an die interessierte Öffentlichkeit. Redaktionsschluss: 05.01.2022

INTRODUCTION: Lead exposure remains of continuing concern due to its known and suspected impacts on human health and has been designated as a priority substance for investigation in human biomonitoring studies by the EU. The aims of this study were to measure blood lead levels (BLL) in a population based cohort of middle-aged individuals without major current exposures to lead, and to compare these to historical blood lead levels obtained thirty years earlier. METHODS: The population-based KORA study from 1984 to 2001 included inhabitants of the Augsburg Region, Germany. During 2018 to 2019, a subsample of these participants (KORA-Fit) was invited for interview regarding demographic and lifestyle factors, physical examination and blood withdrawal. Blood samples were stored at -80C prior to measurement of BLL via graphite furnace atomic absorption spectroscopy (GF-AAS). Descriptive and multivariable analyses were performed. RESULTS: BLLs were measured in 3033 eligible persons aged 54 to 73, establishing a geometric mean (GM) BLL of 24.8 μg/l in 2018/19. Of these, 555 (18%) had BLL above proposed 95th percentile reference values of the German Environment Agency. Only small differences were found in BLL stratified by sociodemographic categories, however regular smokers had higher GM BLL (26.1 μg/l) compared to never smokers (23.7 μg/l), and an increasing BLL with increased wine consumption was noted. For 556 individuals, BLLs (GM: 54.0 μg/l) reduced by 35% in men and 50% in women compared to levels in 1987/88 with only 1.4% of individuals having an unchanged or increased BLL. DISCUSSION: KORA-Fit provided contemporary normative data for BLL in a Western European population without major current sources of lead exposure. Mean BLLs have fallen since the 1980s using historical BLL data which is likely linked to the ban of leaded gasoline. Nevertheless, BLLs in this population remain elevated at levels associated with morbidity and mortality.

The article deals with important biographical aspects in the work of Bertolt Brecht.The main focus of the study is on the early period of the writer's life in Augsburg.The influence of folk street celebrations on the formation of aesthetic views of theyoung artist is considered. Bertolt Brecht's unknown or little-known publicationsin the Augsburg newspapers of 1914-1921 on the peculiarities of moderntheatrical art are analyzed. A detailed analysis of Bertolt Brecht's theatricalreviews gives an idea of the formation of the future playwright, as well asexpands the idea of the spheres of influence on his creative personality in hisyouth. The decisive importance for the author-beginner of folk street celebrationsas a platform for observation of the peculiarities of human behavior, for the studyof different types of people. The influence of sport as a popular and massspectacle on the formation of Bertolt Brecht's ideas about a new kind of theatricaland dramatic art that will be popular with modern audiences is also considered.The article offers the reader new, still unknown facts from the life and work of thefamous German playwright and poet., У статті йдеться про важливі біографічні аспекти в творчостіБертольта Брехта. Основний акцент дослідження присвячено ранньомуперіоду життя письменника в місті Аугсбург. Розглянуто вплив народнихвуличних святкувань на формування естетичних поглядів юного митця.Проаналізовано невідомі або маловідомі публікації Бертольта Брехта вАуґсбурзьких газетах 1914-1921 рр. щодо особливостей сучасноготетарального мистецтва. Детальний аналіз театральних рецензійБертольта Брехта дають уявлення про становлення майбутньогодраматурга, а також розширюють уявлення про сфери впливу на йоготворчу особистість в юні роки. Вказано на визначальне значення дляавтора-початківця народних вуличних святкувань як майданчика дляспостережень на особливостями людської поведінки, для вивчення різнихтипів людей. Також розглянуто вплив спорту як популярного і масовоговидовища на формування уявлень Бертольта Брехта про новий видтеатрального й драматичного мистецтва, що буде користуватисяпопулярністю у сучасної публіки. Стаття пропонує увазі читача нові, досіневідомі факти з життя і творчості відомого німецького драматурга іпоета.

Im Maximilianmuseum in Augsburg findet im ‚Maximiliansjahr‘ 2019 die Ausstellung „Maximilian I. (1459-1519). Kaiser. Ritter. Bürger zu Augsburg“ statt. Die Ausstellung beherbergt außer hochwertigen Leihgaben auch ein besonderes Highlight: In einer virtuellen Umgebung werden längst abgerissene Stadttore computergestützt nachmodelliert und für die Besucher wieder zugänglich, obwohl die Originale schon lange nicht mehr Teil des Stadtbildes sind. Eines davon war einst eine berühmte Touristenattraktion: Augsburgs ‚Alter Einlass‘, das Nachttor, erbaut 1514 angeblich für Kaiser Maximilian I. Abgerissen wurden die letzten Überreste der großflächigen Anlage 1867. Besonders die komplexen Mechaniken im Inneren des Durchgangs waren weithin berühmt und können nun durch penible wissenschaftliche Recherche und Virtual-Reality-Brillen wieder erfahrbar gemacht werden. Augsburg‘s Maximilianmuseum, which is not only the city’s art-historical museum but also includes the history of the town, will be home to an exhibition themed around Emperor Maximilian Ist in the third quarter of 2019. Within the exhibition there is one very special highlight to be found: Embedded in a virtual-reality-environment, two of the city’s historical gates are getting a computer-based re-modeling and will be opened for visitors, even though the original buildings were torn down many years ago. The larger of those gates, the ‚Alter Einlass‘ of Augsburg, an entrance to the city erected in 1514, was initially built for Emperor Maximilian Ist. The last remains of this complex building were torn down in 1867. Once famous for its hidden mechanics, the famous portal can now be experienced once again through virtual-reality-glasses., MEMO Medieval and Early Modern Material Culture Online; Volume 2019 (4); Seitenzahl: x; ISSN: 2523-2932

The aim of this study was to evaluate the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic lockdown on acute myocardial infarction (AMI) care, and to identify underlying stressors in the German model region for complete AMI registration. The analysis was based on data from the population-based KORA Myocardial Infarction Registry located in the region of Augsburg, Germany. All cases of AMI (n = 210) admitted to one of four hospitals in the city of Augsburg or the county of Augsburg from February 10th, 2020, to May 19, 2020, were included. Patients were divided into three groups, namely pre-lockdown, strict lockdown, and attenuated lockdown period. An additional survey was conducted asking the patients for stress and fears in the 4 weeks prior to their AMI. The AMI rate declined by 44% in the strict lockdown period; in the attenuated lockdown period the rate was 17% lower compared to the pre-lockdown period. The downward trend in AMI rates during lockdown was seen in STEMI and NSTEMI patients, and independent of sex and age. The door-to-device time decreased by 70–80% in the lockdown-periods. In the time prior to the infarction, patients felt stressed mainly due to fear of infection with Sars-CoV-2 and less because of the restrictions and consequences of the lockdown. A strict lockdown due to the Covid-19 pandemic had a marked impact on AMI care even in a non-hot-spot region with relatively few cases of COVID-19. Fear of infection with the virus is presumably the main reason for the drop in hospitalizations due to AMI.

Liturgijski predmeti od plemenitih metala izrađeni u vremenskom razdoblju od 1400. do 1800. godine na području nekadašnje Pulske biskupije, do sada nisu bili sustavno istraženi. Stoga je cilj ove doktorske disertacije bio njihova znanstvena katalogizacija i analiza. Za svaki se predmet nastojalo prepoznati njegova temeljna stilska obilježja, datirati ga te povezati s radionicama ili majstorima unutar venecijanske, veneto-furlanske, augsburške, bečke, gračke, tršćanske ili lokalne zlatarske tradicije. Uz provedenu valorizaciju predmeta, analizirana je upotreba zlatarskih materijala i tehnika, kao i tipologija te namjena liturgijskih predmeta. Na odabranim je primjerima pokazana praksa naručivanja te formiranja cijena prilikom narudžbe. Sustavno terensko istraživanje provedeno je u 56 sakralnih objekata koji se nalaze u 52 mjesta na području nekadašnje Pulske biskupije. Ovo višegodišnje istraživanje rezultiralo je katalogom s 411 različitih liturgijskih predmeta od kojih su pojedini radovi dijelovi kompleta od dva, četiri ili više primjera. Istraživački je rad obuhvatio detaljno fotografiranje zlatarskih djela u svrhu izrade kataloga zlatarskih oznaka te iscrpno prikupljanje najnovije literature u inozemnim knjižnicama specijaliziranim za povijest umjetnosti. U tom kontekstu valja istaknuti da knjižnice u Hrvatskoj ne prikupljaju tu vrstu bibliografskog fonda stoga je doprinos ove doktorske disertacije i relevantan pregled literature o zlatarskoj djelatnosti nekoliko umjetničkih centara na području Republike Venecije i Svetog Rimskog Carstva. Stvaranjem ovih nužnih uvjeta za primjenu suvremene metodologije znanstvenog istraživanja, pristupilo se detaljnoj analizi kataloga djela uz konzultiranje arhivskih izvora poput apostolske vizitacije Agostina Valiera koja se čuva u Vatikanu te dvije pastoralne vizitacije pulskih biskupa Giuseppea Marije Bottarija i Giovannija Andree Balbija pohranjene u Rijeci. Rezultat istraživanja u sklopu ove doktorske disertacije je doprinos poznavanju liturgijskih predmeta u kontekstu njihove tipologije te načina upotrebe plemenitih metala i raznovrsnih zlatarskih tehnika a s ciljem postizanja kreativnih dekorativnih kompozicija. Za gotovo četvrtinu djela je ustanovljen kontekst njihove narudžbe, a dan je i kratak pregled te povijesno-umjetnička valorizacija dokumentiranih i zbog različitih okolnosti danas izgubljenih zlatarskih djela. Posebno je obrađena i vrlo aktualna tema iz područja zaštite i očuvanja kulturne baštine koja donosi pregled najboljih praksi restauriranja, čuvanja i prezentiranja liturgijskih predmeta od plemenitih metala. Primjenom suvremene metodologije istraživanja zlatarskih djela utvrđeno je da je više od tri četvrtine sačuvanih liturgijskih predmeta izrađeno u venecijanskim i veneto-furlanskim radionicama, gotovo tridesetak se djela može povezati sa zlatarima djelatnima u Augsburgu, Beču, Grazu i Trstu dok se preostali zlatarski radovi vezuju uz nepoznate radionice aktivne tijekom druge polovice 17. i u 18. stoljeću na području Furlanije i Kranjske. Također, temeljem brojnosti i sličnosti oblikovanja te pronađenih arhivskih izvora, iznijeta je hipoteza o postojanju najmanje dvije riječke zlatarske radionice. Liturgijski predmeti koji se vezuju uz venecijanske i veneto-furlanske radionice sačuvani su u svim crkvenim riznicama razmatranog područja, dok se djela nastala u zlatarskim centrima Svetog Rimskog Carstva mahom nalaze samo u naseljima uz sjeverozapadnu padinu Učke, duž Liburnije, zaključno s Rijekom. Navedeni je geografski prostor bio pod vlašću Habsburgovaca dok je južni dio Pulske biskupije bio dio venecijanskog Stato da Mar. Na venecijanskim i veneto-furlanskim djelima se u navedenom vremenskom razdoblju uočavaju izmjene nekoliko stilskih rječnika. Gotički se ukrasni elementi mogu zamijetiti sve do prve četvrtine 16. stoljeća, dok se dekorativnim rječnikom renesansne venecijanski zlatari služe sve do posljednje četvrtine 17. stoljeća. Barokna se obilježja na pojedinim vrstama liturgijskih predmeta uočavaju kroz gotovo cijelo 18. stoljeće, ali se istovremeno, tijekom druge četvrtine 18. stoljeća javljaju rocaille motivi. Krajem 18. stoljeća na zlatarskim se radovima uočavaju klasicistički ukrasi. Većini se liturgijskih predmeta ne može odrediti autorstvo no, brojna su se djela temeljem zlatarskih oznaka povezala s radionicom Nome di Gesù, Coraggio, Trionfo, Noviza, Albero d'Oro, Bo, Tre Chiodi, Corona, Due Corone, Tre Corone, Croze i Orso. Liturgijski predmeti nastali u zlatarskim centrima Svetog Rimskog Carstva se u najvećem broju datiraju u 17. i 18. stoljeće te se vezuju uz augsburške zlatare Franza Thäddausa Langa, Johanna Davida Salera, Franza Ignaza Berdolta, Jeremiasa Michaela, Johannesa Zeckela, Martina Maira i Tobiasa Grabera, bečkog zlatara Johanna Georga Wolffingera, potom uz gračke zlatare Franza Pfäffingera i Leopolda Vogtnera te vjerojatno uz tršćanskog zlatara Mattea Kandlera. Zlatarska se djela unutar svih umjetničkih centara te između radionica i samih zlatara razlikuju u tehničkoj izvedbi, kompozicijama ukrasnih motiva i tipologiji, a među njima je pronađeno dvadesetak važnih djela koja su ujedno i doprinos poznavanju venecijanskog, augsburškog, bečkog, gračkog i tršćanskog zlatarstva u matičnim zemljama. Liturgical objects made of precious metals, dating from 1400 to 1800 and preserved in the area of the former Diocese of Pula have not been the subject of a systematic research yet. The goal of this doctoral dissertation was, thus, their scholarly cataloguing and analysis. For each object, an attempt was made in recognizing its basic stylistic features, date of execution and connection to the workshops or masters belonging to Venetian, Veneto-Friulian, Augsburg, Viennese, Graz, Trieste or local goldsmith traditions. In addition to the valorisation of objects, the use of goldsmiths’ materials and techniques was analysed, as well as the typology and purpose of liturgical objects. Selected examples were chosen to demonstrate the practice of ordering and pricing of such precious artworks. A systematic field research was conducted in 56 religious buildings situated in 52 locations all over the territory of the former Diocese of Pula. It lasted eight years and it resulted in a catalogue containing 411 liturgical objects, some of which make part of a set of two, four or more items. The research included detailed photographing of goldsmiths’ works in order to create a catalogue of their hallmarks. It also included the gathering of an exhaustive collection of the fundamental as well as the newest literature on the subject that, more often than not, could be found only in the renowned European libraries specialized in art history. In this context, it should be noted that since the Croatian libraries do not possess this type of literature, this doctoral dissertation comprises a first attempt at reviewing the relevant sources on goldsmithing in the Republic of Venice and several art centres in the Holy Roman Empire, written in Croatian language. Once the necessary conditions for applying the current research methodology were established, a detailed analysis of the catalogued works was conducted. At the same time, the archival documents such as the manuscript of the apostolic visit conducted by Agostino Valier and the manuscripts of two pastoral visits conducted by two bishops of Pula, Giuseppe Maria Bottari and Giovanni Andrea Balbi, were consulted. The result of the research carried out within this doctoral dissertation is a contribution to the knowledge of the typology of liturgical objects, the usage of the precious metals and various goldsmiths’ techniques for decorative compositions. For almost one fourth of the works, the context of their commissioning was established. Furthermore, a brief overview and valorisation of documented but unfortunately lost goldsmiths’ works has been included. An entire chapter of the dissertation discusses the topical question of protection and preservation of cultural heritage. It also provides an overview of the best practices in restoration, storing and presentation of liturgical objects made of precious metals. By applying the modern methodology of research, it was possible to determine that more than three-quarters of the preserved liturgical objects originated from Venetian and Veneto-Friulian workshops. Almost thirty items can be associated with goldsmiths active at the time in Augsburg, Vienna, Graz and Trieste and the rest of the catalogued artworks was made in unknown workshops active during the second half of the 17th and in the 18th century in Friuli and Carniola. Furthermore, based on recurrent similarity of design among a number of objects and archival sources, the hypothesis of the existence of at least two goldsmith workshops in Baroque Rijeka was formulated. Liturgical objects originating from Venetian and Veneto-Friulian workshops are preserved in all church treasuries of the area, while the works manufactured in the goldsmith centres of the Holy Roman Empire could be found in localities situated on the north-western slope of Učka and in the centres situated along the Kvarner Bay, including Rijeka. This geographical area was under the rule of the Habsburg family, while the southern part of the Diocese of Pula made part of the Venetian Stato da Mar. The Venetian and Veneto-Friulian works manifest several stylistic transformations between 1400 and 1800. Gothic decorative elements appear up to the first quarter of the 16th century, while the Renaissance decorative vocabulary persists until the last quarter of the 17th century in such works. Baroque features on certain types of liturgical objects persist throughout almost the entire 18th century, while the rocaille motifs appear during its second quarter. At the end of the 18th century, Neo-classicist ornaments emerged on Venetian goldsmith's works. For the majority of liturgical objects it was not possible to determine the author. Nevertheless, it was possible to connect numerous works to the Venetian workshops according to the hallmarks they bear. These are: Nome di Gesù, Coraggio, Trionfo, Noviza, Albero d'Oro, Bo, Tre Chiodi, Corona, Due Corone, Tre Corone, Croze and Orso. Liturgical objects created in the goldsmiths' centres of the Holy Roman Empire could be dated mostly in the 17th and in 18th century. They exhibit Baroque and Rococo decoration and could be connected to Augsburg goldsmiths, such as Franz Thäddaus Lang, Johann David Saler, Franz Ignaz Berdolt, Jeremias Michael, Johannes Zeckel, Martin Mair and Tobias Graber. Other works could be associated with the Viennese goldsmith Johann Georg Wolffinger, as well as with Graz goldsmiths Franz Pfäffinger and Leopold Vogtner and, probably, with the Trieste goldsmith Matteo Kandler. All the analysed works differ significantly in the quality of production, in compositions of decorative motifs and in typology. Among these, about twenty items appear to be very important due to their quality of execution and, thus, they represent a valuable contribution to the Venetian, Augsburg, Vienna, Graz and Trieste goldsmithery.

W trakcie swego panowania Otton I musiał stawić czoła trzem poważnym buntom przeciw jego władzy, to jest swych braci Thankmara i Henryka oraz swego syna Liudolfa. Celem niniejszej pracy jest przedstawienie roli i znaczenia miast w tych wystąpieniach na podstawie analizy źródeł głównie o charakterze narracyjnym. W wyniku przeprowadzonego postępowania badawczego można stwierdzić, że znaczenie wszelkiego rodzaju umocnionych placówek było bardzo duże, ponieważ umożliwiały one znaczne umocnienie się w regionie. Odnośnie do Thankmara taka rola przypadła Eresburgowi i Laёr, którego kapitulacja oznaczała nawet faktyczny koniec rebelii. Nie inaczej było w pozostałych wypadkach, kiedy to w powstaniu Henryka walki koncentrowały się wokół Merseburga, Chevermont i Scheidungen, a dla Liudolfa centralnym punktem oporu stała się ostatecznie Ratyzbona. W tym ostatnim wystąpieniu znacząca rola przypadła także takim ośrodkom jak Moguncja, Kolonia, Augsburg i Schwabmünchen w Szwabii. During his reign Otto I had to face three serious revolts against his rule, which were initiated by his brothers Thankmar and Henry as well as by his son Liudolf. The aim of this paper is to show the role and importance of towns in these armed riots based upon the analysis of sources mainly of narrative character. The research has concluded that fortified outposts of any kind were of great importance as they allowed a major strengthening of one’ position in particular region. With regard to Thankmar, such role had fallen to such places as Eresburg and Laёr, whose surrender meant the effective end of rebellion. It was similar in other cases during Henry’s rebellion, when fighting was concentrated around Merseburg, Chevermont and Scheidungen, and in the case of Liudolf for whom Regensburg finally became the central point of resistance. In the last case of rebellion an important role was also taken up by such towns as Mainz, Köln, Augsburg and Schwabmünchen in Swabia.

The Schneidhaus was a hospital foundation of the counts Fugger specialized in surgery of hernia and bladder-stones and characterized by a number of apparently unique features, which allow to trace aspects of how the counts Fugger represented themselves during the sixteenth and early seventeenth centuries. An allusion to charity covers just one functional aspect. During major confessional crises the hospital, including its localization(s) in Augsburg, also served to represent the Fugger as exemplary Catholic citizens. Moreover, evasive traces of several buildings designated as Schneidhaus and singular hints at their architecture point to additional functions: the hospital also was a means to support the efforts of the Counts Fugger to establish themselves among the German (and European) noblemen by displaying model behavior as rulers and humanists. A recently acquired illustrated manuscript in the German Museum of the History of Medicine in Ingolstadt was a further tool to assist these functions. The manuscript transferred practices inside the Schneidhaus into transportable evidence, thus allowing the counts Fugger to display, wherever necessary, their practice as models for Catholic charitable citizens and rulers of territories in combination with hints at their noble engagement for revealing wonders and marvels while also encouraging accountability of medical personnel and advancement of medical knowledge.

[ES] En este Trabajo de Fin de Grado se concibe, se implementa y se prueba un juego de geolocalización y realidad virtual. La aplicación de realidad virtual consiste en un juego de aventura para turistas y estudiantes que quieran explorar los sitios más interesantes a través de minijuegos en la ciudad de Augsburgo. En este proyecto se trabajan diferentes aspectos como trabajo en equipo en ambiente internacional, investigación en geolocalización, generación de ideas de diseño, desarrollo técnico del prototipo, pruebas funcionales y pruebas de usuario., [EN] Augsburger102 is the continuation of project Augsburger101, created by previous international students as their semester project which is the design of a geolocation and virtual reality game to explore the city of Augsburg. In this paper, we have provided an overview of the research and process that have undertaken to understand and creating of a working application that focused on tourism exploration in Augsburg. Our prerequisite required in a thorough study of the previous project and look for new areas/ interactions to integrate into the product. Since each country has a different aspect that defines its culture, we had to understand what makes up a Bavarian culture. So we being asking question such as “What makes Augsburg special?”, “What significance does this building hold towards Augsburg culture?”, “Does building counts as the culture? ”, “What type of food contains the Bavarian culture and why?”, “Is there any specific clothing of Bavaria? ” Since curiosity has been inside humans since the start of dawn. We explored lands in search of food, water, shelter. And as age progressed, few settled in one place and others moved on, and it goes on and on. But, we as a human never left the curiousness that resides inside us. Curiousness to explore and understand. And with this inside our DNA, humans have been exploring the world trying to learn new culture and to understand what makes it special. With this we tried to answer and explain everything in this report.

Die Jahrzehnte um 1100 waren für die Verfestigung des Augsburger Domkapitels entscheidende Jahre. An deren Ende stand eine geistliche Korporation, die äußerst selbstbewusst dem Augsburger Bischof gegenübertreten konnte. Nicht zuletzt scheint eine längere Sedisvakanz die Ausformung des Domkapitels gefördert zu haben. Die konfliktreichen Jahre nach dem Tod Bischof Embrikos 1077 führten zu einer Profilierung der Domgeistlichkeit, deren vita communis sich auflöste, die sich nun aber zunehmend als Rechtskörper und Herrschaftsträger institutionalisierte. Hauptquelle für die Rekonstruktion dieses Entwicklungsprozesses sind die Augsburger Jahrbücher (Annales Augustani), die selbst von einem Domgeistlichen verfasst wurden. Somit gab das Domkapitel auch der turbulenten Zeit des sogenannten Investiturstreits eine eigene geschichtliche Deutung., The decades around 1100 were crucial years for the consolidation of the cathedral chapter in Augsburg. At the end of that time there was an ecclesiastical corporation, which was able to face the bishop of Augsburg with an extreme self-confidence. One longer vacancy of the episcopal see seems to have particularly promoted the formation of the cathedral chapter. Years of conflict after the death of Bishop Embrico in 1077 changed the profile of the cathedral clergy fundamentally. Their vita communis dissolved, but they increasingly institutionalized themselves as a legal body with aspirations to rule, as proven by the Augsburg Yearbooks (Annales Augustani), written by a cathedral cleric. Thus, the cathedral chapter gave its own interpretation of history to the turbulent times of the so-called Investiture controversy., Les décennies au tournant du au siècle furent des années décisives pour la consolidation du chapitre cathédral d’Augsbourg. À la fin de ce processus, une corporation ecclésiastique s’avérait capable de faire face à l’évêque d’Augsbourg avec beaucoup d’assurance. Un intérim plus long semble avoir favorisé la formation du chapitre cathédral. Les années de conflit survenues après la mort de l’évêque Embricon en 1077 conduisirent à un profilage du clergé cathédral, dont la vita communis se dissolvait, mais qui s’institutionnalisait de plus en plus en tant qu’organe juridique et dirigeant. Les Annales d’Augsbourg (Annales Augustani), rédigées par un clerc de la cathédrale, constituent la principale source pour la reconstruction de ce processus. Ainsi, même dans la période turbulente de la querelle des Investitures, le chapitre cathédral donna sa propre interprétation historique., De decennia rond de eeuwwisseling van de elfde tot de twaalfde eeuw waren beslissende jaren voor de consolidatie van het kathedraal kapittel van Augsburg. Aan het einde van dit proces kon een kerkelijke organisatie zich met succes tegen de bisschop van Augsburg opstellen. Een langere interim-periode lijkt de vorming van het kathedraal kapittel te hebben begunstigd. De jaren van conflict na de dood van Bisschop Embriko in 1077 leidden tot herprofilering van de clerus van de kathedraal. De vita communis verging, maar ze organiseerden zich geleidelijk tot een meer wettelijk-en bestuursorgaan. De Annalen van Augsburg (Annales Augustani), opgesteld door een geestelijke van de kathedraal, vormen de belangrijkste bron voor de reconstructie van dit proces. Zo bood het kathedraal kapittel zijn eigen historische interpretatie over de turbulente periode van de Investituurstrijd., Paulus Christof. Investiturstreit, Interim und Domkapitel : zur Ausprägung institutioneller Verantwortlichkeit. In: Revue belge de philologie et d'histoire, tome 97, fasc. 2, 2019. Histoire Médiévale, Moderne et Contemporaine – Middleleeuwse, Moderne en Hedendaagse Geschiedenis. pp. 359-376.

Apostolopoulos, Nicolas [Hrsg.]; Hoffmann, Harriet [Hrsg.]; Mansmann, Veronika [Hrsg.]; Schwill, Andreas [Hrsg.]: E-Learning 2009. Lernen im digitalen Zeitalter. Münster ; New York ; München ; Berlin : Waxmann 2009, S. 30-40. - (Medien in der Wissenschaft; 51), In diesem Beitrag weisen wir auf die Bedeutung hin, die selbstorganisierte Projektgruppen von Studierenden für das (Aus-)Bildungsziel der überfachlichen Kompetenzentwicklung haben können. Nach einem kurzen Überblick über den aktuellen Stand der Förderung überfachlicher Kompetenzen an Hochschulen stellen wir am Beispiel des Augsburger „Begleitstudiums Problemlösekompetenz“ einen Ansatz zur Kompetenzentwicklung vor, der auf der Partizipation in studentischen Praxisgemeinschaften beruht. Wir erläutern vor diesem Hintergrund, wie sich selbstorganisierte Projektgruppen von Studierenden von anderen Gruppenformen im Rahmen von Lehrveranstaltungen unterscheiden, und machen anhand eines Beispiels deutlich, welchen Mehrwert diese Praxisgemeinschaften gegenüber anderen Ansätzen zur überfachlichen Kompetenzförderung an Hochschulen haben. (DIPF/ Orig.)

Zauchner, Sabine [Hrsg.]; Baumgartner, Peter [Hrsg.]; Blaschitz, Edith [Hrsg.]; Weissenbäck, Andreas [Hrsg.]: Offener Bildungsraum Hochschule. Freiheiten und Notwendigkeiten. Münster ; New York ; München ; Berlin : Waxmann 2008, S. 39-49. - (Medien in der Wissenschaft; 48), Ausgangspunkt des Beitrags bildet die Open-Bewegung, die zunehmend Eingang in den Bildungsbereich findet. Es wird hinterfragt, welche Rolle Studierenden in dieser Bewegung zukommt, und gezeigt, mit welchen Herausforderungen sich offene Bildungsinitiativen konfrontiert sehen. Anschließend werden drei konkrete Ansätze zur Einbindung von Studierenden an Hochschulen vorgestellt und deren Chancen und Probleme thematisiert. Dabei wird deutlich, dass offene Bildungsinitiativen nur Erfolg haben werden, wenn sich Bildungsinstitutionen als lernende Organisation begreifen und eine geeignete Balance zwischen Bottom-up-Bewegung und Top-down-Management gefunden wird. (DIPF/ Orig.)

Merkt, Marianne [Hrsg.]; Mayrberger, Kerstin [Hrsg.]; Schulmeister, Rolf [Hrsg.]; Sommer, Angela [Hrsg.]; Berk, Ivo van den [Hrsg.]: Studieren neu erfinden – Hochschule neu denken. Münster u.a. : Waxmann 2007, S. 85-94. - (Medien in der Wissenschaft; 44), Extra-curriculares Engagement von Studierenden wird in Zeiten der eng organisierten Bachelor- und Master-Studiengänge, der Einführung von Studiengebühren und der Notwendigkeit, im Studium bereits Praxiserfahrungen gesammelt zu haben, immer schwieriger. Um Studierenden unter diesen Rahmenbedingungen weiterhin die Möglichkeit zu bieten, sich außerhalb des Fachstudiums zu engagieren, wurde an der Universität Augsburg das Begleitstudium „Problemlösekompetenz“ konzipiert. Der vorliegende Beitrag stellt diesen co-curricularen Lern- und Arbeitsraum für Studierende vor und fundiert dieses Studienkonzept theoretisch. Am Beispiel des Begleitstudiums wird eine Infrastruktur für das Lehren und Lernen an der Hochschule vorgeschlagen, welche Theorie und Praxis eng miteinander verknüpft. (DIPF/Orig.)

The focus of the "Augsburg Projects and Initiatives for Music Appreciation" study is the first-time survey and documentation of the current academic and extracurricular music appreciation projects in the core city of Augsburg. The basis for this data is derived from the assessment of written and verbal expert questionnaires as well as from supplemental internet research. This research project in the "Mozart City" Augsburg thus pursues several goals: The systematic representation of the heterogeneous activities in the area of music appreciation can promote improved networking among the participants and interested parties. At the same time, research in regional music education as well as research in the area of music appreciation shall be enriched by innovative facets. (DIPF/Orig.)

Na naključno odprtih straneh publikacije, ki je v podnaslovu opredeljena kot razstavni katalog, so nekateri pogledi na knjige in s knjigami povezane predmete presenetljivi: v njih vidimo sestrske stvaritve s tistimi iz slovenskih javnih knjižnic in arhivov. Seveda ima vsaka knjižnica svoje dragocenosti in posebnosti, noben fond nima zrcalne podobe v drugem mestu, a marsikateri pri nas hranjeni rokopis, prvotisk in grafika so s svojo vsebino in likovno podobo potrditve stikov, ki so jih generacije iz dežel Kranjske, Štajerske in Koroške od približno 10. do 16. stoletja vzdrževale s švabskim Augsburgom in bližnjimi kraji. Ob delih iz naših zbirk je bilo mogoče ničkolikokrat zapisati, da gre za stvaritve iz južne Nemčije ali celo Augsburga, vendar so se take ugotovitve osredotočile na pozno 15. stoletje, ta katalog pa dokazuje, da je zlitost literarnega in likovnega med obema deželama potekala vsaj od ok. 1200 dalje. Da je knjižnica hranišče spominov, ki jih brez materializirane oblike ne bi imeli, je jasno, a dela je treba dobiti pred oči.

Social Impact Bond (SIBs) attracts massive attention recently not only by major enterprises, but by SMEs in Japan to solve the social problems. This paper analyzes the first SIBs case on youth employment support in Amagasaki, Japan as well as the first SIBs case in Augsburg, Germany. Further, it considers the entry of SMEs that are familiar with local fields and circumstances to realize public-private partnerships and examine the possibility of their participating into the SIBs in Japan. SIBs invite the process improvement of the public procurement. Across SIBs, participation of SMEs in solving social problems conforms to the growth strategy of the Japanese government, and as a result to contribute the process improvement of public procurement.

A major shift in our society is the one from a goods-dominant logic to a service-dominant one. Ownership becomes less important, while services from the area of sharing economy experience a rising demand. Municipalities and private companies are adapting and different shared mobility systems are emerging from their pursuit of new forms of mobility. In 2019, Augsburg created a shared mobility system where public transport, carsharing and bikesharing are all provided via one subscription. As this form of subscription does not have many customers yet, this thesis aims to first identify the system and research which reason and components motivate the people in Augsburg to use the system, as well as collecting different ideas for improvement. An expert interview was conducted with someone from the operator side and then customer interviews were held to get an insight from the customers’ point of view. This data was analyzed using tools from the area of information system as well as information architecture and the system was mapped out and discussed. The system was mapped out around the user and the connections were shown, which indicated that the user wants simplicity and clarity, as too many platforms and ways to book a mobility service was stated negatively.

Abou Aldan Damjan, Koprivnica, Croatia Aleksić Barbara, Dubrovnik, Croatia Baborsky Zlatka, Zagreb, Croatia Balić Marijana, Split, Croatia Benčić Ivanka, Zagreb, Croatia Bišćan Josipa, Zagreb, Croatia Bošnjaković Edin, Dubrovnik, Croatia Brdarević Marija, Zagreb, Croatia Brković Hana, Dubrovnik, Croatia Budimir Anita, Dubrovnik, Croatia Busančić Snježana, Dubrovnik, Croatia Curić Ivo , Mostar, Bosnia and Herzegovina Cvitanović Zdravko, Dubrovnik, Croatia Demšer Martina, Zagreb, Croatia Dragija Diana, Zagreb, Croatia Franković Sandra, Zagreb, Croatia Galešić Željka, Koprivnica, Croatia Glavaš Tanja, Augsburg, Deutschland Jarmanović Ivana, Dubrovnik, Croatia Jonjić Danijela, Zagreb, Croatia Jurišić Danijela, Zagreb, Croatia Jupek Ivana, Dubrovnik, Croatia Jurinec Božica, Bedekovčina, Croatia Gudelj-Velaga Ivana, Dubrovnik, Croatia Kiralj Rudolf, Bjelovar, Croatia Konjevoda Suzana, Zagreb, Croatia Kozina Blaženka, Zagreb, Croatia Kralj Zvonimir, Zagreb, Croatia Kralj Škoc Vesna, Zagreb, Croatia Latif Ayesha, Mansehra, Pakistan Lešević Barbara, Dubrovnik, Croatia Lubina Ana, Dubrovnik, Croatia Ljevak Ivona, Mostar, Bosnia and Herzegovina Matuško Leona, Dubrovnik, Croatia Markić Dean, Rijeka, Croatia Matulović Irena, Dubrovnik, Croatia Matuško Leona, Dubrovnik, Croatia Miloslavić Maris, Dubrovnik, Croatia Milić Marija, Dubrovnik, Croatia Miličević Jasminka, Zagreb, Croatia Miloslavić Maris, Dubrovnik, Croatia Mrkonjić Ružica, Zagreb, Croatia Pavlović Marko, Mostar, Bosnia and Herzegovina Pauker Kristina, Zagreb, Croatia Pintar Renata, Bjelovar, Croatia Prka Ana Marija, Zagreb, Croatia Puharić Zrinka, Bjelovar, Croatia Režić Slađana, Zagreb, Croatia Ristić Jadranka, Zagreb, Croatia Romić Marko, Mostar, Bosnia and Herzegovina Rukavina Marina, Zagreb, Croatia Sambolec Mario, Bedekovčina, Croatia Savović Ana, Zagreb, Croatia Sekondo Deniza, Dubrovnik, Croatia Sidra Aziz, Mansehra, Pakistan Stojčić Živko, Bjelovar, Croatia Strčić Nada, Rijeka, Croatia Šare Sonja, Zagreb, Croatia Šimunović Maria, Dubrovnik, Croatia Šilje Marija, Dubrovnik, Croatia Škugor Tina, Dubrovnik, Croatia Šljuka Mario, Dubrovnik, Croatia Trubelja Martin, Varaždin, Croatia Vičić Hudorović Višnja, Zagreb, Croatia Zubatović Đunđenac Iva, Zagreb, Croatia Železnik Danica, Slovenj Gradec, Slovenia Žulec Mirna, Bjelovar, Croatia Žunić Hrvojka, Dubrovnik, Croati

The paper discuss the problem of the influence of ornamental fashions on the art of the Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth in 18th century. It may therefore be assumed that the art of Poland at that time provides a perfect example of a mechanism for disseminating ornamental models. As the area of the Commonwealth covered much of what is now called Central Europe, this model is fully representative. Two main directions in the development of the rocaille are examined, as it may be said that this ornament appeared in the area of the Commonwealth twice. The earliest examples of this fashion arrived as French imports, straight from Paris, and were based on designs by Juste-Aurèle Meissonnier. The second stage of the development, which may be characterised as ‘local’, but which in reality was to a large extent shaped by German ‘ornamental prints’ (from Augsburg), was crucial for the subsequent immense popularity of the ornament in Poland in the entire second half of the eighteenth century.

In 'Eine wahrhaft königliche Stadt' beschreibt Daniela Kah, wie das mittelalterliche Reich oder seine Repräsentanten, wie zum Beispiel der König, in den Reichsstädten Augsburg, Nürnberg und Lübeck für die zeitgenössischen Bewohner und Besucher erfahrbar war und wahrgenommen wurde. Zunächst führte die Vergabe von königlichen Privilegien zu großangelegten repräsentativen Bauprojekten in den Städten, die das Reich so im städtischen Alltag erkennbar werden ließen. Ab dem 13. Jahrhundert kam es dazu, dass die Städte vermehrt Symbole und Zeichen im Stadtraum anbrachten, die ihr Selbstverständnis visualieren. Der Status 'unmittelbar dem Reich zugehörig' beziehungsweise 'vom Reich privilegiert' zu sein, wurde aufgrund seiner politischen, wirtschaftlichen und prestigesteigernden Bedeutung ein wichtiger Bezugspunkt, der zur dauerhaften Präsenz des Reichs in den Reichsstädten führte.

U prilogu se objavljuju i u povijesno umjetnički kontekst stavljaju dva srebrna zidna svijećnjaka s poprsjima antičkih figura uokvirenih prepletima stiliziranog akantusovog lišća, a koji se čuvaju u franjevačkom su samostanu na Trsatu. Posljednji su put svijećnjaci snimljeni prilikom fotodokumentacijske kampanje Artura Schneidera tijekom četvrtog desetljeća 20. stoljeća, a 1974. godine su registrirani kao kulturno dobro u sklopu inventara franjevačkog samostana. Riječ je o vrijednom kompletu srebrnih zidnih svijećnjaka koje je 1693. godine trsatskom samostanu darovao car Svetog rimskog carstva njemačkoga naroda Leopold I. Habsburg (1658.-1705.). U radu se donose izvori kojima se potvrđuje naručitelj svijećnjaka te se analizira nastanak njihove specifične tipologije. Oni se prema načinu oblikovanja i ikonografskoj shemi, a putem sličnih komparativnih primjera, kao i grafičkih predložaka, smještaju u augsburški zlatarski krug. Teza se potvrđuje i zlatarskim žigom grada Augsburga te drugim utisnutim žigom koji upućuje na zlatara Antonija Grilla I., dokumentiranog u tom umjetničkom centru od 1668. do 1700. godine., The sanctuary of Our Lady of Trsat is a pilgrimage centre in the northern Adriatic visited for centuries by pilgrims and dignitaries, who brought various artefacts in fulfilment of their vows. Most of the oldest votive objects are today exhibited at the convent's treasury, but the two silver wall candelabra in question remain deposited in the convent's storage. They were first mentioned by Bishop Juraj Franjo Ksaver Marotti in 1710, who wrote that they had been donated to the convent in 1693 by the Emperor Leopold I (1658-1705). Petar Francetić and Klaro Pasconi corroborated this information, and late in the 19th century Julije Janković mentioned that they were standing on marble columns at the main church altar. In the early 20th century, the candelabra were briefly described by Riccardo Gigante, Gjuro Szabo, Apolinar Braničković, and Artur Schneider, but a scholarly study establishing the true value of these precious artefacts was still missing. The candelabra of Trsat used to hang on the wall like paintings, but today they are lacking the holders with candle plates. At their centre, formed of stylized fleshy acanthus leaves made of silver, there are shell-like cavities with applique silver busts of a Roman emperor and a young warrior wearing a helmet. The edge of the cavity under the busts is decorated with an embossed masqueron resembling a lion’s head, placed between the curving volutes. By donating the candelabra to the Franciscans of Trsat, Emperor Leopold I. made a political gesture and also continued the tradition started by his predecessor Charles V (1519-1556), who had donated a golden pendulum in the shape of a two-headed eagle decorated with gems in 1536 as a symbol of Pietas Austriaca practiced by members of the Habsburg family from the first half of the 17th century onwards. Candelabra of this type were mostly produced for the private chambers or lavish salons of noble families and similar examples made of various materials are found in museum collections all over Germany and France. Even though the candelabra were intended for religious space, Emperor Leopold I was probably guided in their commission by the idea of expressing his power by iconographically relating himself to the mythology and history of ancient Rome. Thus, the figure of Emperor Augustus should most probably represent the emperor himself, while the young Roman warrior was to impersonate his son Joseph, who was to inherit the imperial throne. Hallmarks have been identified on the candelabra that had previously gone unnoticed and that positively relate them to a particular goldsmith’s workshop in Augsburg. One of them has the form of a stylized pinecone, while the other shows a stork with a fish in its beak. This was the hallmark of Antoni Grill I, documented in Augsburg as a master from 1668 until his death in 1700. Even though he stemmed from a family of goldsmiths, whose members had been producing imaginative artefacts for European courts since the mid-16th century, his own identified works are preserved only in a few museums and private collections. Most of them are gilded silver plates with carefully elaborated compositions that reveal great skill in embossing motifs in various depths and their even distribution over the plate surface. The same feature is evident in the candelabra of Trsat. Grill’s models possibly included drawings by graphic artists Jakob Wilhelm (Augsburg, documented since 1694-1738) and Leonhard Heckenauer (b. ca. 1655 in Augsburg, d. 1704 in Munich), who likewise belonged to the Augsburg circle of artists. Their maps contain several examples of wall candelabra, with complex compositions and a choice of decorative motifs that bear some similarities with the Trsat ones. Compared to other known examples, the candelabra of Trsat may be considered among the first cases of this typology in the goldsmith circle of Augsburg, and considering their provenance and the importance of their imperial donor, they are certainly special items in the rich heritage of artefacts made of precious metals preserved in the church treasuries of the eastern Adriatic.

Ausgehend vom Ziel, einen Beitrag zu umwelthistorischen Überlegungen der Stadt-Wald-Beziehungen aus der konkreten Fallstudie zu leisten, ging die vorliegende Studie der städtischen Holzversorgung und Waldpolitik am Beispiel der Reichsstadt Augsburg im 16. Jahrhundert aus verschiedenen Perspektiven auf den Grund. Augsburg wurde herangezogen, weil die Reichsstadt als typisches Beispiel für eine Stadt gelten kann, die ihren Energiebedarf nicht aus der nahen Umgebung decken konnte, sondern sich aus großer Entfernung versorgen musste, da es der Stadt Augsburg nicht gelungen war, ein eigenes Territorium aufzubauen. Das Fallbeispiel Augsburg stellt deshalb einen bisher noch unbeachteten Typus städtischer Waldpolitik dar.

Reichstage waren besondere Ereignisse im Heiligen Römischen Reich des 16. Jahrhunderts. Kaiser, Könige, geistliche und weltliche Reichsfürsten und die Vertreter der Reichsstädte trafen sich zur Beratung der drängendsten politischen Fragen. Augsburg war einer der wichtigsten Reichstagsorte dieser Zeit. Hier fanden nicht nur besonders viele, sondern auch politisch besonders bedeutsame Ständetreffen statt. Noch heute stehen die Begriffe Confessio Augustana, Augsburger Interim und Augsburger Religionsfrieden stellvertretend für die konfessionellen Auseinandersetzungen der Reformationszeit. Zu den Treffen, die oft mehrere Monate dauerten, brachten die Reichsstände nicht selten ein großes Gefolge mit – darunter auch Künstler und Musiker. Reichstage waren keineswegs nur von den Beratungen geprägt. Es wurde ausführlich gespielt, bankettiert, getanzt und musiziert. Im Zentrum dieses Buchs steht der Klang der Ereignisse. Besprochen werden dabei nicht nur Kompositionen, die während eines Reichstags entstanden oder erklungen sind, sondern auch die musikalische und klangliche Inszenierung von Zeremonien und Festen. Es zeigt sich, dass die Musik nicht nur selbstverständlicher Bestandteil der Reichstage war, sondern hier selbst zur politischen Praxis wurde.

Ein wichtiges Konstruktionselement von Räderuhren ist das Zahnrad. Wie haben Uhrmacher früher ihre Zahnräder geschnitten? Nach Augenmaß, mathematisch errechnet oder mit Schablone? Der Beitrag erklärt am Beispiel einer Zahnrad-Schneidmaschine mit Teilungsscheibe von Johann Leonhard Schütze, Augsburg 1792, die Funktion und erklärt den technikgeschichtlichen Hintergrund.

The focus of this project is to reconstruct a lute as originally made by Sixtus Rauwolf. Rauwolf was a lute maker active in Augsburg from 1577 until ca.1625; only six of his lutes are known at the present time, and all of them have been altered to keep up with musical trends throughout the last four centuries. These six instruments encompass the entire extant corpus of the lute making tradition of the late Renaissance in Augsburg. The reconstruction of this lute strives to achieve a conceivable historical correctness. Yet, without any Rauwolf lute in original condition available, or any other lute made in the same city as a means of comparison, and due to the lack of tangible evidence of how he conceived and constructed his instruments, the enterprise of reconstructing an archetypical Rauwolf lute in its intended shape and style is essentially a combination of historical research and creative process. To understand Sixtus Rauwolf and his work, part of this research aimed to gather biographical, archival and published material, as well as an in-depth study of the documentation of the known extant lutes by Rauwolf held in public and private collections: The Metropolitan Museum of Art in New York, Musikmuseet in Copenhagen, The Fugger Museum in Babenhausen, Scenkonstmuseet in Stockholm, and two more in private collections in London. In addition, the research process is solidly based on a thorough study of the lute, its characteristics and construction, during the late Renaissance in Europe through printed music and treatises, iconography, and the extant lutes of that period. Nevertheless, none of these resources suffice individually; the separate pieces of information gathered through research underwent a cross examination, and the unanswered questions were solved by means of a creative process reliant also in lute-making experience and ergonomics. The final result of this project is materialized in the construction of a fully functional lute, as newly-made by Sixtus Rauwolf.

In the early sixteenth century, the free imperial city of Augsburg in southern Germany played a vital role in the development of music printing with movable type north of the Alps. These technical advances impacted on the distribution of musical repertoire and placed the city’s printers on a more equal footing with their Italian competitors. Taking these innovations as its starting point, this thesis examines the development of music printing in Augsburg during the sixteenth century. In addition to considering the specialist formats of choir books and partbooks, it extends the boundaries traditionally applied to music print culture to include books about music and pamphlets and broadsheets. These complementary strands of the printing industry contributed to a diverse geography of performance, with Augsburg’s musical activity taking place not only in churches, schools and the home, but also in inns and on the street. The market for music publications was similarly multifaceted, encompassing professional musicians, wealthy collectors, students, keen amateurs and humble street performers. Levels of production varied. Pamphlets and broadsheets enjoyed a diverse market profile and were produced in large numbers. Theoretical texts and partbooks were issued in small quantities. In addition to reflecting their more restricted audience, this meagre output was a consequence of the city’s thriving book trade, which reduced the demand for local production. In the case of partbooks, it was also a result of deliberate product placing. Augsburg’s astute printers carved out a niche in a crowded market by issuing small numbers of partbooks at the highest end of the quality spectrum. The inclusive approach to music printing adopted in this study ensures that the significance of its findings extends beyond a localised investigation of print culture. By tracking the ebb and flow of production across formats and over the sixteenth century as a whole, a complex relationship between music printing and the socio-economic, cultural, political and religious upheavals of the period becomes apparent. Music printing, often the preserve of musicologists and specialist bibliographers, emerges as a powerful tool with which to refine our understanding of the early modern book world.

Arch��ologischer Anzeiger, 1. Halbband 2014, Die fr��hen r��mischen Siedlungen in Bayern, Kempten und Augsburg bestanden nach aktuellem Forschungsstand aus Holzbauten, die das st��dtische Bild im Fall von Kempten bis zur Jahrhundertmitte, im Fall von Augsburg bis in die 2. H��lfte des 1. Jhs. n. Chr. allein gepr��gt haben sollen. Im vorliegenden Beitrag wird an einem korinthischen Kapitell aus Augsburg und einem Anthemion aus Kempten dagegen gezeigt, dass das durch Holzbauten bestimmte Weichbild der Siedlungen seit der fr��hen Kaiserzeit durch einzelne Stein-, ja sogar Marmorbauten Akzente erfahren hat. Wurden die hohe Geschwindigkeit und der gro��e Aufwand, mit denen man neu erschlossene Siedlungen n��rdlich der Alpen zeitnah ausstattete, in den Nachbarprovinzen zuletzt vermehrt beobachtet, belegen die hier vorgestellten St��cke entsprechende Bem��hungen nun erstmals auch f��r die fr��hen Siedlungen im r��mischen Bayern. Hierf��r wurden anscheinend bald nach der Ankunft der r��mischen Truppen Marmorvorkommen bei Sterzing ausgebeutet. Das Know-how in der Steinbearbeitung scheint aus der Regio X in Oberitalien gekommen zu sein.

Spatial and temporal variability of meteorological variables across urban areas due to differences in land surface characteristics is a common phenomenon. Most pronounced is the effect of land cover on air temperature. In this study, parametric and non-parametric statistical approaches (stepwise multiple linear regression, random forests) were applied in order to model sub-daily and daily spatial patterns of the urban heat island intensity in the major city of Augsburg, Southern Germany, and its rural surroundings. A large number of model setups utilizing variables from different land surface data sets as predictors and taking into account different seasonal, daily and meteorological situations was examined. The results were compared concerning different measures of model performance (mean squared skill score, mean squared error, explained variance). For individual setups and situations considerable skill with a mean squared skill score of up to 0.85 was reached. The best performing models were obtained from multiple linear regression for situations with low wind speeds and cloud cover in the morning and evening. Selected models were utilized to derive continuous spatial distributions of the air temperature deviations from a rural reference station. The resulting maps can be useful for various applications, e.g. in the context of urban planning.

This paper discusses some selected illustrations from the recently discovered Book of Miracles. Thanks to its facsimile released in 2013 in Cologne, the manuscript has become available to a wider circle of scholars. The Book of Miracles was created in the mid-sixteenth century in Augsburg. It covers some biblical events and some occurrences from the period from 73 BC to 1552 AD.In the modern era, unusual phenomena were considered prophetic. Illustrations from the Book of Miracles are a valuable testimony to the highly developed imagination of the people living in the Renaissance. They present many miraculous phenomena such as atmospheric anomalies, hybrid creatures and biblical events. The purpose of the article is to present selected illustrations from the Book of Miracles and to analyze them against a wider literary and iconographic background. The Book of Miracles refers not only to the Bible but also to folklore beliefs and the magical tradition.

В статье проанализированы издания и переиздания библейских драм, опубликованные между 1532 и 1550 гг., за авторством ранних протестантских литераторов Сикста Бирка (ок. 1501-1554), Пауля Ребхуна (1500/1505-1547) и Иоахима Грефа (ок. 1500/1505-1552) всего с учетом переизданий 23 издания. Автор предлагает обратиться к этим источникам с целью исследования особенностей издательской политики и редактуры при публикации пьес и тех средств, которые использовались для преподнесения читателю драматических текстов. При этом автор исходит из представления о переходном характере периода первой половины XVI в.: во-первых, в плане развития книжной культуры по отношению к устной и даже определенном конфликте этих культур и, во-вторых, в плане перехода от христианского к конфессиональному сознанию. Автор пришел к выводу, что появление первых печатных драм было напрямую связано с устройством театральных постановок. Тексты «игр» подвергались определенной редактуре, целью которой было создание аннотаций и комментариев, упрощавших читателю восприятие сценического текста. Даже достаточно компактные вступительные тексты позволяли читателю достаточно быстро составить представление об общем характере издания и ценностях автора. Проанализировав содержание вступительных частей, З. А. Лурье демонстрирует, что в них содержалось упоминание определенных культурных формул и интеллектуальных авторитетов, которые следует рассматривать как раз как идентитарную конфессиональную информацию., The article examines editions and reprints of the biblical dramas published between 1532 and 1550 and written by several early Protestant writers, Sixt Birck (c. 1501-1554), Paul Rebhun (1500/1505-1547) and Joachim Greff (c. 1500/1505-1552), with the general amount of the reprints being 23. The author addresses these sources to investigate peculiarities of publishing and editorial policy that aimed to clarify dramatic texts to their readers. Besides, the author understands the first half of the 16th century as a transitional period in two respects: firstly, marking out the conflict of printed and oral cultures, and, secondly, signifying the transfer from the Christian to the confessional consciousness. The author concludes that the appearance of the first printed dramas was not independent from theatrical productions. However, the texts of Spiele were edited in a certain way and provided with annotations and accompanying texts that simplified for readers perception of a stage text. Even short introductory texts allowed readers to get an idea about the topic of drama and values of the author quite easily. Analyzing the content of the introductory parts, Z. A. Lurie’s demonstrated that they contained a reference to certain cultural formulas and intellectual authorities that should be regarded as confessional information in the non-confessional’ early Reformation period.

This text briefly outlines how Augsburg developed into a centre of European printmaking in the 17th century and how it kept this role till late into the 18th century. Main points of interest are the various steps involved in printmaking, the interaction of printmaking with other branches of art and craftsmanship, the way Augsburg prints were pivotal in spreading the Rococo style beyond the confines of France and the change of taste occurring during the second half of the 18th century and partially responsible for the decline of Augsburg print culture into insignificance. This is the slightly revised version of a text which was first published in a Spanish translation ('El imperio del grabado: La ciudad imperial de Augsburgo y la imagen impresa en los siglos XVII y XVIII', in: Almerindo E. Ojeda, Alfonso Ortiz Crespo [ed.]: De Augsburgo a Quito: fuentes grabadas del arte jesuita quiteño del siglo XVIII, Quito 2015, pp. 17-66).

Neuere Daten und Fakten zum Stadtklima von Augsburg

Stadtklimatologie von Augsburg unter besonderer Berücksichtigung der lufthygienischen Situation sowie des Lärms: Forschungsprojekt im Auftrag und mit Förderung der Stadt Augsburg

Second semester University: Université de Montpellier., The Grandhotel Cosmopolis is one out of eight collective accommodation centres for asylum seekers in Augsburg, Germany. It was initiated and is now run by a collective of artists and activists with a housing capacity for 56 asylum seekers. The thesis at hand aims at analysing appraisal of asylum seekers as well as the policy preferences towards asylum seeking persons of staff members in the centres. The author will conduct a comparison of the activists, the so-called hoteliers, working in the Grandhotel Cosmopolis on the one hand, and the directors of all eight collective accommodation centres in Augsburg, who are employed by the government of Swabia, on the other hand. To be able to conceive the staff members’ appraisal and policy preference, interviews with standardized questionnaires have been conducted and evaluated. Findings show that appraisal of asylum seekers as beneficial or threatening to the receiving society predict support for immigration policy directed either at defending immigrants’ rights or defending the receiving society. Furthermore, a difference in attitudes and policy preferences could be found for the hoteliers in the Grandhotel Cosmopolis and the directors of the collective accommodation centres. Directors’ appraisals revealed an ambivalent relationship towards asylum seekers.

Der Band vereint Widmungsbeiträge zum 75. Geburtstags des Augsburger Historikers Georg Kreuzer. Er würdigt dessen Tätigkeit am Lehrstuhl für Mittelalterliche Geschichte der Universität Augsburg und als Schriftleiter der Zeitschrift des Historischen Vereins für Schwaben.