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Additional file 1: Fig. S1. The synthetic route of DHA2-SS and DHA2-C6. Fig. S2. 1H NMR spectra of (A) DHA, (B) DHA2-C6 and (C) DHA2-SS in CDCl3. Fig. S3. Mass spectrum of DHA2-SS. Fig. S4. Mass spectrum of DHA2-C6. Fig. S5. Photographs of SS and C6 NPs which were (a) freshly made, (b) 7 days after being immersed in water and (c) 24 h after being immersed in PBS with FBS (10%). Fig. S6. FTIR spectra of SS and C6 NPs which were (a) freshly made and (b) 7 days after being immersed in water. Fig. S7. TEM images of SS NPs after being immersed in (A) PBS (pH 7.4) and (B) PBS with FBS (10%) for 24 h. TEM images of C6 NPs after being immersed in (C) PBS (pH 7.4) and (D) PBS with FBS (10%) for 24 h. Fig. S8. HPLC spectrum of DHA. Fig. S9. Schematic illustration of redox-responsive drug release from DHA2-SS triggered by DTT/H2O2. Fig. S10. CLSM images of HepG2 cells incubated with (A) SS NPs and (B) C6 NPs at 37 ��C for different times. Scale bars, 20 ��m. Fig. S11. Cell viabilities of C6 and SS NPs against HepG2 cells at different concentrations after incubation for 48 h. Fig. S12. Cell viabilities of free DHA, C6 and SS NPs against HeLa cells at different concentrations after incubation for 48 h. Fig. S13. Cell viabilities of SS NPs against HL-7702, HeLa and HepG2 cells at different concentrations after incubation for 48 h. Fig. S14. Morphological apoptosis by staining with Hoechst 33258 in HepG2 cells treated with different concentrations of SS NPs. Fig. S15. Principal component analysis (PCA) of HepG2 cells based on untreated control group (C) and SS NPs treatment group (SS). Fig. S16. KEGG pathway classification of differential expressed genes (DEGs). X axis represents number of DEGs, Y axis represents functional classification of KEGG. Fig. S17. H&E staining of the major organs (heart, liver, spleen, lung and kidney) of mice with H22 tumor xenografts after different treatments. Scale bars: 100 ��m.