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The Magnus effect is also very common in ball sports, so the study of the causes and applications of the Magnus effect in ball sports is of great significance and practical importance to the teaching level, training effect, and competition performance of ball sports. The effect of the Magnus effect on baseball and golf will therefore be discussed. In the case of baseball, we will consider the effects of drag and the Magnus effect on its motion and establish a three-plane system consisting of gravity, drag, and the Magnus force, thus demonstrating the interaction of the three forces in the trajectory of the baseball. The concept of projectile motion is introduced in mathematics, physics, and engineering disciplines in a vacuum environment, and when applied to real-life situations, the theory differs significantly from the ideal state. This is why baseball's trajectory in a non-ideal situation is studied. In the case of golf balls, the results are subject to large errors because only the air resistance is taken into account in the discussion of the golf ball range problem, and the effect of the Magnus force on its range is ignored. According to fluid dynamics, a golf ball moving through the air is subjected to bypassing (air) resistance and Magnus force. The article will therefore also look at the effect of the bending (air) resistance and the Magnus force on its movement.

A high-density strategy of optimizing packing fraction by increasing the quantity of thermocouples, which could enhance output performance and mitigate power depletion simultaneously, has been successfully demonstrated.

Objective: This study aimed to examine the mediating role of anxiety and depression on the relationship between coping styles and life satisfaction in medical workers during the COVID-19 pandemic. Methods：Five hundred and fourteen frontline medical workers from Zunyi were recruited to complete questionnaires, including the Self-rating Anxiety Scale (SAS), Self-rating Depression Scale (SDS), Satisfaction With Life Scale (SWLS), and Simplified Coping Style Questionnaire (SCSQ). Results：The results revealed the following: a) The prevalence of anxiety was 22.57%, and the prevalence of depression was 18.29%. b) Anxiety was positively correlated with depression; anxiety and depression were positively correlated with passive coping styles but negatively correlated with life satisfaction and active coping styles; life satisfaction was positively correlated with active coping styles and negatively correlated with passive coping styles. c) Anxiety and depression partially mediated the relationship between active coping styles and life satisfaction. Conclusion：Some frontline medical workers in the pandemic area had subclinical anxiety and depression, and anxiety and depression had a mediating effect on the relationship between coping styles and life satisfaction.

Oil reserves with oil viscosity above 150 mPa·s account for a large proportion of the Bohai Oilfield. However, due to the low mobility of heavy oil, and low sweep efficiency of injected fluid, the recovery factor of heavy oil is always low. A new amphiphilic polymer (activator), which can effectively disassemble the accumulation of asphaltene molecular layer of heavy oil, thus reducing oil viscosity has been developed in the lab and applied for two injection wells in Bohai Oilfield for a pilot trial.In this paper, the pilot trial of heavy-oil activator flooding (HAF) is comprehensively evaluated in both injectivity, production, and interwell connectivity analyses. The apparent injectivity index, Hall plot analysis, injection profile measurement for different layers, and PI test methods are applied to study the seepage resistance build-up effect at injection wells. Waterflooding characteristic curve method is implemented for history matching and oil incremental analysis. The interwell connectivity between wells is characterized by the Capacitance Resistance model (CRM).The injection trials showed great seepage resistance build-up effects at two activator injectors. There are apparent deviations in Hall plots after the activator injection. Activator flooding enables uniform water injection profiles for different layers. The PI tests show that the pressure drop speeds get lowered during the injection period. As for the oil incremental effect evaluation, the theoretical waterflooding characteristic curve function gives an estimation of the incremental oil production to be 1.77×104 m3 during the evaluation period. CRM analysis indicates that the connectivity between injector I2 and producer P4 is higher than that of other wells, and the time lag of getting a response by the activator fluid is smaller than other wells, which is an indication of potential fluid channeling in the flow path. It is validated by the high concentration of produced agent from P4 during HAF.The successful implementation of the activator flooding pilot trial proves that the lab results of amphiphilic polymers can be scaled up to field scale and it plays an important role in the de-risking of full-field implementation. Besides, it shed light upon the effective displacement of heavy oil with a viscosity greater than 150 mPa·s in offshore reservoirs by amphiphilic polymers.

Supplementary Table 1 (Data analysis for Figures 2,3,5,6,7)

Low primary recovery factor and rapid production decline necessitates the proposal of enhanced oil recovery methods to mobilize the remaining oil resource of tight reservoirs, especially for oil-wet ones, and wettability alteration by injecting a chemical agent such as a surfactant is a promising option. A discrete-fracture-network-based mathematical model is developed with consideration of the displacement mechanisms and complicated physical-chemical phenomena during EOR by wettability alteration, and this model numerically solved by the fully implicit method. Simulation cases are conducted to investigate the production performance and key factors of cyclic injection of a surfactant. Cyclic injection can significantly improve the production of oil-wet tight reservoirs, and the ultimate recovery factor can be increased by 10 percent. The reason is that a surfactant can alter the wettability of a reservoir from oil wet to medium or even water wet, which triggers spontaneous imbibition and favors oil movement from a matrix into a fracture. Better EOR results can be achieved with decreasing oil viscosity, increasing matrix permeability, or decreasing fracture spacing. Cyclic surfactant injection is applicable to reservoirs with an oil viscosity of less than 7 mPa·s, a matrix permeability bigger than 0.01 mD, or a fracture spacing smaller than 150 m. It is favorable for the wettability alteration method by maintaining capillary pressure and reducing residual oil saturation as much as possible.

A new photocatalyst, Er2FeSbO7, was prepared by solid phase sintering using the high-temperature synthesis method for the first time in this paper. Er2FeSbO7/BiTiSbO6 heterojunction (EBH) catalyst was prepared by the solvent thermal method for the first time. Er2FeSbO7 compound crystallized in the pyrochlore-type architecture and cubelike crystal system; the interspace group of Er2FeSbO7 was Fd3m and the crystal cellular parameter a of Er2FeSbO7 was 10.179902 Å. The band gap (BDG) width of Er2FeSbO7 was 1.88 eV. After visible light irradiation of 150 minutes (VLGI-150min) with EBH as a photocatalyst, the removal rate (RR) of enrofloxacin (ENR) concentration was 99.16%, and the total organic carbon (TOC) concentration RR was 94.96%. The power mechanics invariable k toward ENR consistency and visible light irradiation (VLGI) time with EBH as a photocatalyzer attained 0.02296 min−1. The power mechanics invariable k which was involved with TOC attained 0.01535 min−1. The experimental results showed that the photocatalytic degradation (PCD) of ENR within pharmaceutical waste water with EBH as a photocatalyzer under VLGI was in keeping with the single-order reactivity power mechanics. The RR of ENR with EBH as a photocatalyzer was 1.151 times, 1.269 times or 2.524 times that with Er2FeSbO7 as a photocatalyst, BiTiSbO6 as a photocatalyst, or N-doping TiO2 (N-TO) as a photocatalyst after VLGI-150min. The photocatalytic activity, which ranged from high to low among above four photocatalysts, was as follows: EBHP > Er2FeSbO7 > BiTiSbO6 > N-TO. After VLGI-150min toward three periods of the project with EBH as a photocatalyst, the RR of ENR attained 98.00%, 96.76% and 95.60%. The results showed that the stability of EBH was very high. With appending trapping agent, it could be proved that the oxidative capability for degrading ENR, which ranged from strong to weak among three oxidic radicals, was as follows: superoxide anion > hydroxyl radicals (HRS) > holes. This work provides a scientific basis for the research and oriented leader development of efficient heterojunction catalysts.

Originally, the new catalyst Bi2SmSbO7 was synthesized by the hydrothermal synthesis method or by the solid-phase sintering method at a lofty temperature. A solvothermal method was utilized to prepare a Bi2SmSbO7/ZnBiYO4 heterojunction photocatalyst (BZHP). The crystal structure of Bi2SmSbO7 belonged to the pyrochlore structure and face-centered cubic crystal system by the space group of Fd3m. The cell parameter a was equivalent to 10.835(1) Å (Bi2SmSbO7). With Bi2SmSbO7/ZnBiYO4 heterojunction (BZH) as the photocatalyst, the removal rate (RR) of direct orange (DO) and the total organic carbon were 99.10% and 96.21% after visible light irradiation of 160 min (VLI-160M). The kinetic constant k toward DO concentration and visible light irradiation time (VLI) with BZH as photocatalyst reached 2.167 min−1. The kinetic constant k, which was concerned with total organic carbon, reached 0.047 min−1. The kinetic curve that came from DO degradation with BZH as a catalyst under VLI conformed to the second-order reaction kinetics. After VLI-160M, the photocatalytic degradation (PD) removal percentage of DO with BZH as the photocatalyst was 1.200 times, 1.268 times or 3.019 times that with Bi2SmSbO7 as the photocatalyst, ZnBiYO4 as the photocatalyst or with nitrogen-doped titanium dioxide as the photocatalyst. The photocatalytic activity (PA) was as following: BZH > Bi2SmSbO7 > ZnBiYO4 > nitrogen-doped titanium dioxide. After VLI-160M for three cycles of experiments with BZH as the photocatalyst, the RR of DO reached 98.03%, 96.73% and 95.43%, respectively, which meant that BZHP possessed high stability. By using the experiment of adding a trapping agent, the oxidative purifying capability for degradation of direct orange, which was in gradual depressed order, was as following: hydroxyl radical > superoxide anion > holes. Finally, the possible degradation pathway and degradation mechanism of DO were discussed systematically. A new high active heterojunction catalyst BZHP, which could efficiently remove toxic organic pollutants such as DO from dye wastewater after VLI, was obtained. Our research was meant to improve the photocatalytic property of the single photocatalyst.

Water injectors and polymer injectors coexist after well pattern infilling in some offshore oilfields, which exerts a deep impact on oil exploitation. In order to quantitatively characterize the injected water-polymer perturbation degree and analyze perturbation laws, water-polymer perturbation coefficient is proposed and established by comparing the displacement process of water-polymer coflooding and pure polymer flooding, which quantifies the dynamic change of displacement volume of injected water and polymer, and controlling strategy is discussed correspondingly to improve the development effect of water-polymer coflooding. Finally, a field case is used to demonstrate this new evaluation method. The results show that water-polymer perturbation coefficient has a good correlation with oil increasing, and water-polymer coflooding process can be divided into five stages according polymer perturbation coefficient. In addition, water-polymer coflooding has a better oil increasing effect than pure polymer flooding at the initial stage, but for a long period, development effect of pure polymer flooding is much better. The result has a great significance to quantitatively characterize water-polymer perturbation degree and make adjustment measurements.

Mutations in Valosin-containing protein (VCP) have been implicated in the pathology linked to inclusion body myopathy, paget disease of bone and frontotemporal dementia (IBMPFD). VCP is an essential component of AAA-ATPase superfamily involved in various cellular functions. Advanced In-silico analysis was performed using prediction based servers to determine the most deleterious mutation. Molecular dynamics simulation was used to study the protein dynamics at atomic level. Molecular docking was used to study the effect of mutation on ATP/ADP transition in the kinase domain. This ATPase of 806 amino acids has four domains: N-terminal domain, C-terminal domain and two ATPase domains D1 and D2 and each of these domains have a distinct role in its functioning. The mutations in VCP protein are distributed among regions known as hotspots, one such hotspot is codon 155. Three missense mutations reported in this hotspot are R155C, R155H and R155P. Potentiality of the deleteriousness calculated using server based prediction models reveal R155C mutation to be the most deleterious. The atomic insight into the effect of mutation by molecular dynamics simulation revealed major conformational changes in R155C variants ATP binding site in D1 domain. The nucleotide-binding mode at the catalytic pocket of VCP and its three variants at codon 155 showed change in the structure, which affects the ATP–ADP transition kinetics in all the three variants.

The sluggish kinetics and large volume expansion arising from the large ionic radius of Na+ remain elusive weaknesses of sodium ion batteries (SIBs). Here, we report a transition from bulk diffusion to surface-dominant pseudocapacitive charge storage by nanoscaling and heterostructuring, which enables fast and stable charge storage kinetics for SIBs. An electronic attraction induced self-assembly strategy was developed for the synthesis of the 1T/2H MoS2@SnO2 heterostructure. Ultrasmall SnO2 nanoparticles with a low crystallinity were uniformly distributed on the basal plane of MoS2. The intercalated SnO2 serves as an interfacial pillar to restrict the restacking of MoS2 nanosheets, whereas dual-phase 1T/2H MoS2 provides a continuous network for efficient charge transfer and restrains the aggregation of NaxSn. As a result, the 1T/2H MoS2@SnO2 heterostructure exhibits a higher specific capacity (626 mA h g−1 at 0.1 A g−1), and superior cycling and rate capabilities (262 mA h g−1 at 2 A g−1 for 500 cycles) compared to the raw MoS2 and 2H MoS2@SnO2 counterparts. Electrochemical kinetics analyses reveal that the charge transfer kinetics are boosted by the synergistic effect between the 1T/2H MoS2 and SnO2 nanoparticles. Quantitative examination into the origin demonstrated that the Na+ storage is dominated by the fast surface redox reaction, which endows the heterostructure with a durable high rate capability.

Four MoO3 samples with the Zn element doped mole ratio of 0%, 3%, 6% and 9% were prepared by applying a convenient one-step hydrothermal synthesis method, and the samples presented three-dimensional microflower-like structures assembled by nanosheets. The systematic analysis results indicate that the 6 mol% Zn-doped sample had the most amazing detection characteristics for 50 ppm CO, with a response of 31.23 (4 times of the pure MoO3) at a lower temperature (240 °C). The large specific surface area, big pore size and tiny particle size were proved to be beneficial to the gas sensitivity, which promotes gases transfer and provides more gases landing points during the gas-sensitive reaction. Besides, based on the density functional theory (DFT), the facilitation effect of doped Zn on the adsorption ability of MoO3 to CO molecule was verified from the perspective of electronic properties. The excellent gas-sensing performances indicate that the 6 mol% Zn-doped MoO3 has potential to be applied as a reliable CO sensor.

The current research on interference well test technology is based on water flooding reservoir, but the analysis method of interference well test in polymer flooding reservoir has not been reported, which leads to unclear understanding of the physical property changes between wells in polymer flooding reservoir. Considering the characteristics of polymer flow, a two-phase interference well test model of polymer flooding multi-layer reservoir is established. The pressure, water saturation and polymer concentration are all implicitly solved to improve the stability of the numerical solution, and the typical curve is drawn. The results show that: the water phase viscosity is greater during the polymer flooding process, the pressure fluctuation of the active well is later, which affects the observation well, and the pressure fluctuation received by the observation well is greater. The results show that the interference well test curve of polymer flooding is farther to the right than that of water flooding in the early stage and higher than that of water flooding in the middle and late stage. The application example shows that coincidence rate with commercial software well test interpretation is over 90% when the model is degenerated to conventional water flooding, which proves the accuracy of polymer flooding interference well test model, and provides technical support for the improvement of well test method of polymer flooding reservoir.

The nanoscale structure of catalysts has a profound influence on their physicochemical properties. However, the controlled synthesis of desired highly active microstructures is still challenging. I...

Purpose Inflammation is a key contributor to coronary heart disease (CHD). Sortilin is a sorting receptor and has been identified as a critical regulator of inflammatory response. Therefore, our study aimed to determine the link between circulating sortilin levels, proinflammatory cytokine levels, and the occurrence of CHD. Patients and methods Our study included 227 CHD patients and 101 matched healthy individuals. Circulating serum levels of sortilin and proinflammatory cytokines, including IL-1β, IL-6 and TNF-α, were assessed by a double-antibody sandwich enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (DAS-ELISA). Linear regression and correlation analyses were used to estimate the associations between sortilin and proinflammatory cytokines. Moreover, six single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) spanning the sortilin and SORL1 genes were genotyped. Results Elevated levels of sortilin (P=0.027) and proinflammatory cytokines IL-1β (P=0.013), IL-6 (P=0.000) and TNF-α (P=0.010) were observed in CHD patients compared to those in healthy controls. Furthermore, sortilin levels were significantly positively correlated with IL-1β (r=0.252, P=0.0001), IL-6 (r=0.250, P=0.0001) and TNF-α (r=0.180, P=0.0064) levels. Notably, sortilin polymorphisms were revealed to be associated with the occurrence of CHD and varying sortilin levels. Subjects with the rs599839 AA risk genotype for CHD had significantly higher sortilin levels than those with the GG and GA genotypes (P=0.000); the same tendency was also observed in the levels of the proinflammatory cytokines IL-1β (P=0.003) and TNF-α (P=0.000). Similarly, GG carriers of rs464218 with increased sortilin levels were found to be at increased risk for CHD (P=0.014). The levels of IL-1β (P=0.025) and IL-6 (P=0.015) were also increased in these patients. Conclusion Our findings reveal that high sortilin levels may interact with inflammatory response to contribute to the occurrence of CHD. Considering that our clinical evidence suggests for the first time that sortilin involves in inflammatory response in CHD, the mechanistic role of sortilin in the progression of CHD deserves detailed investigation.

As a new heavy oil development technology, hot water chemistry flooding has great potential in offshore heavy oil fields development. In this paper, the adaptability of hot water chemical flooding was studied based on the typical model of offshore heavy oil fields. The main controlling factors affecting the hot water chemical flooding were analyzed and evaluated by single factor analysis. The technical boundary was established for offshore heavy oil fields. In addition, the hot water chemical flooding scheme was designed by a case study of a well group oilfield D. The results indicate that crude oil viscosity and well spacing have great influences on hot water chemical flooding performance. Hot water chemical flooding is favorable when the crude oil viscosity is between 300 and 1000 mPa·s and well spacing is around 200~400 m. The hot water chemical flooding scheme of the target well group results in 40.2 × 10 4 tons of incremental oil, and 6.3% of recovery factor being enhanced, which shows strong evidence that hot water chemical flooding enables great oilfield development performance.

Originally, the new catalyst Bi

A new photocatalyst, Er

In this paper, novel hierarchical undoped NiO and W-doped NiO microflowers were successfully synthesized via a facile hydrothermal route, and their sensing performance for ethanol was explored. Strikingly, the doping of W intervened the growth and assembly of NiO nanosheets to form different flower-like microstructures. The introduction of W caused beneficial morphological improvements from loose to dense microflower. Further ethanol sensing tests showed that the fabricated dense microflower based sensor possessed much higher response (60.15) and remarkable selectivity than that of the loose microflower at the optimal temperature of 300 °C. A plausible enhanced mechanism was proposed which demonstrated the improved properties may be ascribed to the large specific surface area and well-defined microstructure for gas adsorption and reaction.

The detection of oil-dissolved gases (such as CO, CH4 and H2) in transformers on-line is an important technology to predict and judge the operating status of transformers. Microstructure and gas sensing performance of Au-MoS2 microspheres synthesized by hydrothermal method were investigated in the present research. The results indicated Au-MoS2 based gas sensor has excellent response to CO, CH4 and H2 gases with maximum responses of 25.48, 16.75 and 8.48 at 30 ppm in their optimum working temperature (150 °C, 150 °C, 175 °C). In addition, First-principle calculation was carried out to expound the sensing mechanism in detail. The conclusions of this study suggest that Au-MoS2 monolayer exhibits a promising applicable future in sensor detecting of oil-dissolved gases in power transformer.

Novel nanoscale lanthanide and mixed lanthanide metal-organic frameworks with thermo-sensitive polymer as organic links were successfully prepared. They were obtained through biomimetic mineralization approach. This is the first report of fabrication of polymer-metal-organic frameworks via biomimetic mineralization. The particle size was in the range from 200 to 500 nm. The photoluminescent properties of the materials have also been studied. The fluorescence intensity changed in different solvent (N, N-dimethylformamide, tetrahydrofuran, ethanol, acetone, dichloromethane, water), so solvent recognition can be achieved by using the polymer-metal-organic frameworks. The materials are also very sensitive to water (even trace water) in the mixed solutions composed of water and organic solvents. Especially the mixed lanthanide polymer-metal-organic frameworks can be designed to a ratiometric fluorescent nanosensor. The novel fluorescence detection materials have very important potential applications in the field of chemical industry.

In this work, we reported the successful synthesis of a novel two-dimensional porous NiO nanosheet via a one-step hydrothermal route and subsequent calcination. It was surprise found that such NiO nanosheet exhibits a superior gas response towards H2. The enhanced sensing ability may be benefited from the porous nanostructure, resulting in more sufficient pathways for gas diffusion and larger surface for chemical reaction. We hoped our findings could be in favor of further investigations on the fabrication of perfect two dimensional architectures.

In this paper, we reported the morphology controllable synthesis of hierarchical WO3 nanostructures , i.e. nanorods , nanospheres and nanoflowers, via a facile hydrothermal route. All the obtained WO 3 nanostructures were characterized by X-ray powder diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and Brunauer-Emmett-Teller (BET), respectively. A possible growth mechanism for the three various nanomaterials was proposed in detail. WO 3 based gas sensors were fabricated with the synthesized nanomaterials and the gas sensing performances to acetylene (C2H2 ), one of the fault characteristic gases dissolved in power transformer oil, were systematically measured. It was found that the sensor based on nanosheet-assembled nanoflowers with largest surface (56.74 m 2g−1) exhibits the highest sensing performance including gas response (32.31) and response-recovery time (12 s, 17 s) to 200 ppm C2H2. The results indicate that WO3 sensing materials could be a promising choice for synthesizing high-performance C2H2 sensors for the judgement of the early latent faults of the oil immersed transformer.

For the first time, HY-2A/GM-derived gravity anomalies determined with the least-squares collocation method and ship-borne bathymetry released from the National Centers for Environmental Information (NCEI) are used to predict bathymetry with the gravity-geologic method (GGM) over three test areas located in the South China Sea (105–122°E, 2–26°N). The iterative method is used to determine density contrasts (1.4, 1.5, and 1.6 g/cm3) between seawater and ocean bottom topography, improving the accuracy of GGM bathymetry. The results show that GGM bathymetry is the closest to ship-borne bathymetry at check points, followed by SRTM15+V2.0 model and GEBCO 2020 model. It is found that in a certain range, the relative accuracy of GGM bathymetry tends to improve with the increase of depth. Different geological structures affect the accuracy of GGM bathymetry. In addition, the influences of gravity anomalies and data processing method on GGM bathymetry are analyzed. Our assessment result suggests that GGM can be widely applied to bathymetry prediction and that HY-2A/GM-derived gravity data are feasible with good results in calculating ocean depth.

Injection conformance reversion commonly observed during polymer flooding in offshore heterogeneous heavy-oil reservoirs weakens the volumetric sweep of polymer solution and compromises its EOR results. To investigate its mechanisms and impact factors, one mathematical model to predicate injection conformance behavior is constructed for heterogeneous reservoirs based on the Buckley-Leverett function. The different suction capability of each layer to polymer solution results in distinct change law of the flow resistance force, which in turn reacts upon the suction capability and creates dynamic redistribution of injection between layers. Conformance reversion takes place when the variation ratio of flow resistance force of different layers tends to be the same. The peak value and scope of conformance reversion decrease and reversion timing is advanced as oil viscosity or permeability contrast increases, or polymer concentration or relative thickness of low permeable layer decreases, which compromises the ability of polymer flooding to improve the volumetric sweep and lower suction of the low permeable layer. The features of offshore polymer flooding tend to make the injection conformance V-type and create low-efficiency circulation of polymer in a high permeable layer more easily. These results can provide guidance to improve the production performance of polymer flooding in offshore heterogeneous heavy-oil reservoirs.

The theoretical basis of traditional polymer flooding technology is to improve the viscosity of displacement phase, in order to enhance oil recovery significantly. However, polymer solution is a continuous phase viscous fluid, and it cannot distinguish the large or small pore, which causes the damage in low permeability layer. Furthermore, it leads to the "entry profile inversion" phenomenon and the reduction of injection and liquid production capacity in the field application. Aiming at these problems, a novel particle type microgel (self-adaptive microgel) flooding technology has been developed in recent years. The appearance of self-adaptive microgel is spherical. And it is dispersed in water when displacing oil. Firstly, in this paper its basic physical and chemical properties were studied. Then the pore scale mechanism model of reservoir is used to simulate the flooding process of traditional polymer and self-adaptive microgel, which proves the mechanism advancement of self-adaptive microgel flooding. On this basis, the oil displacement effect evaluation was carried out by the macro physical simulation experiments. Furthermore, this technology has been applied in 8 reservoirs with different conditions. Results show that, self-adaptive microgels have good water swelling properties. They expand rapidly in the initial stage, and then gradually tend to be stable. Secondly, the pore scale simulation experiment shows that, microgel particles present the motion feature of "migration, trapping, deformation" in the porous media. Meanwhile, the particles gather in the larger pore to form the bridge block, and their carrier fluid displace oil in the small pore. So they work in cooperation, which can reduce the flow ability of water phase in the big pore and improve the flow ability of residual oil in small pore. Furthermore, the 3D macro physical simulation experiment shows that, self-adaptive microgel flooding can achieve better oil displacement effect than polymer flooding. Finally, this technology has been applied in 8 oilfields with different conditions, which contains the reservoir temperature from 24 to 126 °C, crude oil viscosity from 1.36 to 156 mPa.s, water cut from 81.4% to 97.5% and recovery degree from 9.55% to 64.4%. And they all obtain good technical and economic effect, with the lowest input-output ratio of 1.67 and the highest of 14.37. Summing up the lab studies and field trial, the new particle-type microgel flooding technology is more efficient and progressiveness. Therefore, its mechanism and performance are further studied in this paper. Meanwhile, its field trial effects are explored and analyzed. The research results provide theoretical basis and technical support for the popularization and application of self-adaptive microgel flooding technology, which may also provide some reference for oil companies to make a wise investment decision in low oil price period.

Oil-immersed power transformers are considered to be one of the most crucial and expensive devices used in power systems. Hence, high-performance gas sensors have been extensively explored and are widely used for detecting fault characteristic gases dissolved in transformer oil which can be used to evaluate the working state of transformers and thus ensure the reliable operation of power grids. Hitherto, as a typical n-type metal-oxide semiconductor, tungsten trioxide (WO3) has received considerable attention due to its unique structure. Also, the requirements for high quality gas detectors were given. Based on this, considerable efforts have been made to design and fabricate more prominent WO3 based sensors with higher responses and more outstanding properties. Lots of research has focused on the synthesis of WO3 nanomaterials with different effective and controllable strategies. Meanwhile, the various morphologies of currently synthesized nanostructures from 0-D to 3-D are discussed, along with their respective beneficial characteristics. Additionally, this paper focused on the gas sensing properties and mechanisms of the WO3 based sensors, especially for the detection of fault characteristic gases. In all, the detailed analysis has contributed some beneficial guidance to the exploration on the surface morphology and special hierarchical structure of WO3 for highly sensitive detection of fault characteristic gases in oil-immersed transformers.

In this work, hierarchical WO

A new type of Gd2BiTaO7 nanocatalyst (GBT) was synthesized by a high-temperature solid-phase method, and a heterojunction photocatalyst, which was composed of GBT and silver phosphate (AP), was prepared by the facile in-situ precipitation method for the first time. The photocatalytic property of GBT or the Ag3PO4/Gd2BiTaO7 heterojunction photocatalyst (AGHP) was reported. The structural properties of GBT and AGHP were characterized by an X-ray diffractometer, scanning electron microscope–X-ray energy dispersive spectra, an X-ray photoelectron spectrograph, a synchrotron-based ultraviolet photoelectron spectroscope, a Fourier transform infrared spectrometer, an UV-Vis diffuse reflectance spectrophotometer and an electron paramagnetic resonance spectrometer. The results displayed that GBT was well crystallized with a stable cubic crystal system and space group Fd3m. The lattice parameter or band gap energy of GBT was found to be a = 10.740051 Å or 2.35 eV, respectively. After visible light irradiation of 30 min, the removal rate of bisphenol A (BPA) reached 99.52%, 95.53% or 37.00% with AGHP as the photocatalyst, with Ag3PO4 and potassium persulfate (AP-PS) as photocatalysts or with N-doped TiO2 (NT) as a photocatalyst, respectively. According to the experimental data, it could be found that the removal rate of BPA with AGHP as a photocatalyst was 2.69 times higher than that with NT as a photocatalyst. AGHP showed higher photocatalytic activity for photocatalytic degradation of BPA under visible light irradiation compared with GBT or AP-PS or NT. The removal rate of total organic carbon (TOC) was 96.21%, 88.10% or 30.55% with AGHP as a photocatalyst, with AP-PS as photocatalysts or with NT as a photocatalyst after visible light irradiation of 30 min. The above results indicated that AGHP possessed the maximal mineralization percentage ratio during the process of degrading BPA compared with GBT or AP-PS or NT. The results indicated that the main oxidation radical was •OH during the process of degrading BPA. The photocatalytic degradation of BPA with AGHP as a photocatalyst conformed to the first-order reaction kinetics. This study provided inspiration for obtaining visible light-responsive heterojunction photocatalysts with high catalytic activity and efficient removal technologies for organic pollutants and toxic pollutants, and as a result, the potential practical applications of visible light-responsive heterojunction photocatalysts were widened. The subsequent research of thin-film plating of the heterojunction catalysts and the construction of complete photoluminescent thin-film catalytic reaction systems, which utilized visible light irradiation, could provide new technologies and perspectives for the pharmaceutical wastewater treatment industry.

We construct two layer fuzzy rules based on the collected data.We develop algorithms from software cybernetics view to reconfigure the performance control parameters.We show self-tuning performance for On-Line Transaction Processing. Self-tuning performance of On-Line Transaction Processing (OLTP) Systems is a challenging and time-consuming task since multiple performance parameters are needed to be automatically configured in Database Management Systems (DBMSs). In this paper, we present a software cybernetics approach to self-tune the performance of DBMSs. A DBMS is designed with an adaptive control based on fuzzy logic such that it has the capability to control objects, i.e., the performance parameters, and update the controller itself, i.e., a set of fuzzy rules in our case. The principles and concepts in software cybernetics are applied to guide the synthesis of software controllers for monitoring and adapting system behaviors. Experimental results for On-Line Transaction Processing using TPC-C, a benchmark of the Transaction Processing Performance Council, show that the proposed method is feasible and effective.

The research and application of chemical EOR technology has been carried out worldwide for many years, and many theoretical and practical achievements have been obtained in China's onshore oil fields. At present, it has become one of the most important means to develop mature oilfields for stable & improved production in oilfield. Also, it has been successfully applied in China offshore oilfields as a major EOR technology. CNOOC has preliminarily established a chemical flooding (polymer, polymer-surfactant, polymer-weak-gel, etc) technology system including high-efficiency chemical flooding agents, platform injection facilities, and produced liquid treatment technology. Since 2003, pilot tests and field applications were carried out in S, L and JW oilfields, and predicted oil increment and good economic benefits have been achieved, which proved that offshore chemical EOR technology is feasible and economical. It has explored a new road for increasing the recovery of offshore oilfields, and provided a solid technical guarantee for their economic and efficient development.

Recently, the impacts of microRNAs (miRNAs) have been identified in epilepsy (EP), this study was designed to assess the role of miR-183 in hippocampal neuron injury in EP. Rat EP models were established by injected with lithium-pilocarpine. The pathological observation of rats' hippocampus sections was conducted. Expression of miR-183, Foxp1, Jak1, Stat1, and Stat3 in rats' hippocampal tissues was determined by reverse transcription quantitative polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR) and Western blot analysis. The proliferation ability and the apoptosis of the rats' neurons were measured. Furthermore, the target relation between miR-183 and Foxp1 was determined by bioinformatics analysis and dual-luciferase gene reporter assay. The levels of miR-183, Jak1, Stat1, and Stat3 were elevated, and the expression of Foxp1 was declined in EP rats' hippocampal tissues. Inhibited miR-183 could up-regulate Foxp1, inhibited miR-183 together with up-regulated Foxp1 could repress hippocampal neuron injury, promote neuron proliferation, suppress neuron apoptosis, and inactivate the Jak/Stat signaling pathway, resulting in an attenuation of EP progression. Moreover, down-regulated Foxp1 could reverse the attenuation of EP progression which was contributed by inhibited miR-183. Our study implies that inhibited miR-183 could up-regulate Foxp1, resulting in an inactivation of the Jak/Stat signaling pathway and promotion of neuron proliferation, as well as inhibition of apoptosis of hippocampal neurons in EP rats, by which the hippocampal neuron injury and EP progression could be repressed.

Hollow structured nanofibers have attracted much attention in diverse domains owing to their unique physicochemical properties and characteristics. Gas sensing is one of the most promising applications. In electrical engineering, the detection of SF6 decomposing gas products is significant to monitor the insulation status online of gas insulated switchgear (GIS). This mini-review presents the developments of hollow structured nanofibers in synthesis strategies and gas sensing application, especially in the detection of SF6 decomposing gas products, including hydrogen disulfide (H2S), sulfur dioxide (SO2), thionyl fluoride (SOF2), and sulfuryl fluoride (SO2F2). In addition, the gas sensing mechanism of metal oxide hollow nanofibers based gas sensor are discussed.

In this study, we reported a successful synthesis of a nanocomposite based on SnO2 nanoneedles anchored to NiO microsphere by a simple two-step hydrothermal route. The results show that the SnO2/NiO nanocomposite-based sensor exhibits more prominent performances than the pristine NiO microsphere to NO2 such as larger responses and more outstanding repeatability. The improved properties are mainly attributed to the p&ndash, n heterojunctions formed at the SnO2&ndash, NiO interface, leading to the change of potential barrier height and the enlargement of the depletion layer. Besides, the novel and unique nanostructure provides large and effective areas for the surface reaction. In addition, a plausible growth mechanism and the enhanced sensing mechanism were proposed to further discuss the special nanostructure which will benefit the exploration of high-performance sensors.

In this study, we reported a successful synthesis of a nanocomposite based on SnO2 nanoneedles anchored to NiO microsphere by a simple two-step hydrothermal route. The results show that the SnO2/NiO nanocomposite-based sensor exhibits more prominent performances than the pristine NiO microsphere to NO2 such as larger responses and more outstanding repeatability. The improved properties are mainly attributed to the p–n heterojunctions formed at the SnO2–NiO interface, leading to the change of potential barrier height and the enlargement of the depletion layer. Besides, the novel and unique nanostructure provides large and effective areas for the surface reaction. In addition, a plausible growth mechanism and the enhanced sensing mechanism were proposed to further discuss the special nanostructure which will benefit the exploration of high-performance sensors.

In this study, highly sensitive Ag 2 O-doped ZnO nanorods based sensor was presented and developed to detect CH 4 gas, an extremely significant fault characteristic gas extracted from power transformer oil. Ag 2 O-doped ZnO nanorods sensing materials were synthesized with facile hydrothermal method, and characterized via X-ray diffraction (XRD), field emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM) and energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDS), respectively. Side heated chemical gas sensor was fabricated and its sensing performances towards CH 4 were systematically investigated. The optimal operating temperature of the Ag 2 O-doped ZnO sensor was 280 °C for CH 4 sensing, and its gas sensing response to 10 ppm CH 4 was measured to be as high as 12.28. In addition, good linearity for low concentration of CH 4 gas was also obtained. The corresponding response-recovery time of the Ag 2 O-doped ZnO sensor was measured to be about 17-10s. All results provide reference and guidance for developing high-performance ZnO based gas sensors for CH 4 detection. All these excellent sensors performances indicate the large potential of the fabricated Ag 2 O decorated ZnO nanorods sensor for practical application of CH 4 detection.

Alternating high and low concentration polymer flooding has been proposed and applied in some offshore oilfields to improve polymer flooding efficiency, but the research of pressure analysis in alternating polymer flooding reservoir is rare, this work presents a numerical pressure analysis method of three-zone composite model for formation evaluation. The type curves have seven regimes in three-zone composite model. The characteristic is the obvious upturn of pressure derivative curve in transient regime between high concentration and low concentration polymer solution. Formation parameters can be interpreted by history matching and formation evaluation can be conducted based on this model. As an important part of formation evaluation, formation damage as a result of adsorption of polymers in porous media is evaluated by comparing the interpreted permeability with the original value before polymer flooding. The field test data proves that this proposed method can accurately evaluate reservoir characteristics in alternating polymer flooding reservoirs, which emphasizes the potential application of this method in petroleum industry.

A large body of evidence suggests a relationship between depression and coronary heart disease (CHD). Angiotensin-Ⅱ (Ang-Ⅱ) and angiotensin-(1-7) [Ang-(1-7)] are considered to exert biological effects in both conditions. Here, we aimed to determine the role of Ang-Ⅱ and Ang-(1-7) in the occurrence of comorbid depression in patients with CHD. Our study included 214 CHD patients and 100 matched healthy controls. Serum Ang-Ⅱ and Ang-(1-7) levels were assessed by ELISA, and the depression symptoms were evaluated by the nine-item Patient Health Questionnaire (PHQ-9). Linear regression and correlation analyses were used to estimate the associations between PHQ-9 scores and Ang-Ⅱ and Ang-(1-7) serum levels. Six single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) spanning the angiotensin converting enzyme 2 (ACE2) and MAS1 genes were genotyped. The associations between SNPs and depression risk in CHD patients were examined using logistic regression analysis with adjustment for age and gender. Decreased Ang-(1-7) (P < 0.05) and an elevated Ang-Ⅱ/Ang-(1-7) ratio (P < 0.01) were observed in CHD patients with depression compared to CHD patients without depression. PHQ-9 scores were negatively correlated with Ang-(1-7) level (r=-0.44, P < 0.01) and positively correlated with the Ang-Ⅱ/Ang-(1-7) ratio (r = 0.33, P < 0.05). Furthermore, carriers of risk allele T for CHD with depression had significantly higher PHQ-9 scores (P < 0.05), lower Ang-(1-7) level (P < 0.01), and higher Ang-Ⅱ/Ang-(1-7) ratio (P < 0.05) than those CC carriers. Collectively, our results firstly showed that Ang-(1-7) serum level in CHD patients may protect against comorbid depression. Moreover, the imbalance between Ang-Ⅱ and Ang-(1-7) may contribute to depression in CHD patients.

We propose an efficient analytical upscaling method to compute the equivalent conductivity tensor for elliptic equations in three-dimensional space. Our approach uses perturbation expansion and Fourier analysis, and considers heterogeneity, anisotropy and geometry of coarse gridblocks. Through low-order approximation, the derived analytical solution accurately approximates the central-difference numerical solution with periodic boundary conditions. Numerical tests are performed to demonstrate the capability and efficiency of this analytical approach in upscaling fluid flow in heterogeneous formations. We test the method in synthetic examples and benchmark cases with both Gaussian random fields and channelized non-Gaussian fields. In addition, we examine the impact of each parameter on the upscaled conductivity, and investigate the sensitivity of the variance and correlation lengths to the coefficients. We also indicate how to extend this approach to multiphase flow problems.

Two novel hierarchical WO3/NiO microspheres with porous and rough surface have been prepared through a simple one-stop hydrothermal method. Interestingly, it is a surprise that the introduction of different amounts of WO3 plays a critical role in the growth and self-assembly of nanosheets and then the morphology of microsphere. Further gas sensing experiment demonstrates that the sensor based on porous microsphere possesses prominent performance towards 100 ppm ethanol at the optimal working temperature of 300 °C compared with that of rough microsphere. It is believed that the enhanced gas sensing properties benefit from the porous structure on the surface with abundant active sites and gas passages for sufficient gas adsorption and diffusion.

In this work, hierarchical WO3-NiO microflowers have been designed and prepared through a controllable hydrothermal route for high sensitivity detection of H2S produced by SF6 decomposition. The hierarchical flower-like nanostructures assembled with numerous nanosheets were influenced by the introduction of WO3, which is regarded as a significant strategy for improving the gas sensing properties. The synthesized nanostructures were tested by various characterization to investigate the different microstructures of the nanocomposites. The H2S sensing performances of the sensors fabricated with these flower-like nanostructures were measured, which indicated that 3.0 at% WO3-NiO microflower based sensor possessed excellent properties such as higher gas responses and more prominent repeatability compared with those of other fabricated sensors. The enhanced performances might be mainly ascribed to the creation of the heterojunction at n-type WO3 and p-type NiO interface, which caused the improvement of the potential barrier and depletion layer. In addition, the larger specific surface area of flower-like nanostructures also possessed abundant sites for surface reaction.

Hydrogen sulfide (H2S) is an important decomposition component of sulfur hexafluoride (SF6), which has been extensively used in gas-insulated switchgear (GIS) power equipment as insulating and arc-quenching medium. In this work, electrospun ZnO-SnO2 composite nanofibers as a promising sensing material for SF6 decomposition component H2S were proposed and prepared. The crystal structure and morphology of the electrospun ZnO-SnO2 samples were investigated by X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM), respectively. The composition of the sensitive materials was analyzed by energy dispersive X-ray spectrometers (EDS) and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS). Side heated sensors were fabricated with the electrospun ZnO-SnO2 nanofibers and the gas sensing behaviors to H2S gas were systematically investigated. The proposed ZnO–SnO2 composite nanofibers sensor showed lower optimal operating temperature, enhanced sensing response, quick response/recovery time and good long-term stability against H2S. The measured optimal operating temperature of the ZnO–SnO2 nanofibers sensor to 50 ppm H2S gas was about 250°C with a response of 66.23, which was 6 times larger than pure SnO2 nanofibers sensor. The detection limit of the fabricated ZnO–SnO2 nanofibers sensor toward H2S gas can be as low as 0.5 ppm. Finally, a plausible sensing mechanism for the proposed ZnO–SnO2 composite nanofibers sensor to H2S was also discussed.

Tin oxide SnO2-based gas sensors have been widely used for detecting typical fault characteristic gases extracted from power transformer oil, namely, H2, CO, CO2, CH4, C2H2, C2H4, and C2H6, due to the remarkable advantages of high sensitivity, fast response, long-term stability, and so on. Herein, we present an overview of the recent significant improvement in fabrication and application of high performance SnO2-based sensors for detecting these fault characteristic gases. Promising materials for the sensitive and selective detection of each kind of fault characteristic gas have been identified. Meanwhile, the corresponding sensing mechanisms of SnO2-based gas sensors of these fault characteristic gases are comprehensively discussed. In the final section of this review, the major challenges and promising developments in this domain are also given.