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Additional file 1: Fig. S1. MI-238 selectively suppressed cell growth of H1299 parental cells but not Mcl-1 knockout (KO) cells. Fig. S2. H1299 Mcl-1 KO cells or mouse embryonic fibroblast (MEF) cells do not depend on Mcl-1 for survival. Fig. S3. Primary bone marrow cells with elevated expression level of Mcl-1 is more sensitive to MI-238. Fig. S4. The profiles of apoptosis analysis by annexin V/PI staining in Molm13 cells treated with indicated concentrations of MI-238 and venetoclax or their combinations. Fig. S5. The activation of Bak in Molm13 cells after 24 h of indicated treatment was analyzed by flow cytometry. Fig. S6. The representative annexin V/PI staining profiles of primary patient AML cells treated with indicated concentrations of MI-238 for 48 h. Fig. S7. 20 μM of MI-238 failed to induce apoptosis in mononuclear bone marrow cells from healthy donor.

Background. Aspiration pneumonia (AP) is difficult to diagnose and has poor outcomes. This case-control study aimed to explore the risk factors and delineate the antibiotic usage for AP. Methods. Inpatients diagnosed with community-acquired pneumonia (CAP) from 2013 to 2017, enrolled in the urban employee basic medical insurance program in Beijing, were included and classified into the AP (N = 2,885) and non-AP (N = 53,825) groups. Risk factors were identified by logistic regression. Results. Older age (compared to 18–64 years, OR for 65–79 years: 4.3, 95% CI: 3.8–4.9; OR for >80 years: 6.3, 95% CI: 5.6–7.2), male (OR: 1.4, 95% CI: 1.3–1.5), cerebrovascular disease (OR: 3.1, 95% CI: 2.8–3.5), dementia (OR: 2.0, 95% CI: 1.8–2.1), vomiting (OR: 1.4, 95% CI: 1.2–1.7), Parkinson’s disease (OR: 2.1, 95% CI: 1.8–2.4), and epilepsy (OR: 3.2, 95% CI: 2.8–3.7) were associated with an increased risk of AP. 92.8% of the AP patients received antibiotic therapy. Among them, patients treated with broad-spectrum antibiotics, antibiotics for injection, and combined antibiotics accounted for 93.3%, 97.9%, and 81.7%, respectively. Conclusions. Older age, male, and several comorbidities were independent risk factors for AP, and combined antibiotics treatments are common, which merits attention in accurate detection of AP in a high-risk population.

ConCave Ph.D. Symposium 2022 Proceedings, April 7-8, 2022. Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia., Ornamentation, a jargon that has been relentlessly criticized and embraced during the Modernist movement of the twentieth century has, in substance, maintained its polemical occupation throughout architectural history. Being reckoned as a crime of wasting labor on practical objects by Adolf Loos (1870-1933), ornaments were, nevertheless,adopted by a rank of Beaux-Arts trainees, and notably by Louis Sullivan (1856-1924), among others. Despite endless debates on this topic, little attention has been given to the ‘integral ornament’ initiated by Frank Lloyd Wright(1867-1959) in his Autobiography of 1943. Free architecture, he insisted, must be characterized by integral fibers that are developed from within, as against the prevalent yet abusive formula of oversimplification. Different from the ornamental orders of classicism, he subtly analogized ornaments to the organic pattern of rational structure, which refers to the ornament integral to buildings as a poetic garment. In his yearning for a ‘third dimension’ of architecture, Wright not only synthesized Viollet-le-Duc’s faithful expression of the structure and Gottfried Semper’s three factors of formal beauty but also expanded his ‘integral canons’ into a sequence of ‘integral form’, ‘integralorder’, ‘integral light’, ‘integral fireplace’ and ‘integral building’. Within this process of natural integration, Wright saw human life as an ornament integral to nature and architecture as an ornament integral to human life. However, this proposition was never always in place for Wright ever since his apprenticeship with Sullivan. It shifted throughout his career from the surface to the requisite refinement of the natural pattern of structure. Doubtless, his spiritual mentor Beethoven (1770-1827) and his codas contributed their indispensable parts. Although James Dennis andLu Wenneker suggested in 1965 that three major epochs ought to be considered in interpreting Wright’s alteration to ornamentation from the attached to the integral, more thorough consideration is still needed in redistributing andreconstructing the epochs in collaboration with the case analysis of his organic designs across time. The scope of this research is aimed to reconsider the ‘integral ornament’ through retrospection of the ornamental history pivoting between ornament attached and ornament integral from Vitruvius to Wright, followed by a layout mapping the culture that preceded the ‘integral ornament’ and how Wright attained his maturation in ornamental integration after years of practice, to help redefine an ornamental culture within the context of an organic order appropriate for the present day.

Multiple myeloma (MM) is a neoplastic plasma cell proliferative disorder characterized by various osteolytic bone destruction as a radiological morphological marker. Functional imaging, particularly nuclear medicine imaging, is a promising method to visualize disease processes before the appearance of structural changes by targeting specific biomarkers related to metabolism ability, tumor microenvironment as well as neoplastic receptors. In addition, by targeting particular antigens with therapeutic antibodies, immuno-PET imaging can support the development of personalized theranostics. At present, various imaging agents have been prepared and evaluated in MM at preclinical and clinical levels. A summary overview of molecular functional imaging in MM is provided, and commonly used radiotracers are characterized.

Recently backdoor attack has become an emerging threat to the security of deep neural network (DNN) models. To date, most of the existing studies focus on backdoor attack against the uncompressed model; while the vulnerability of compressed DNNs, which are widely used in the practical applications, is little exploited yet. In this paper, we propose to study and develop Robust and Imperceptible Backdoor Attack against Compact DNN models (RIBAC). By performing systematic analysis and exploration on the important design knobs, we propose a framework that can learn the proper trigger patterns, model parameters and pruning masks in an efficient way. Thereby achieving high trigger stealthiness, high attack success rate and high model efficiency simultaneously. Extensive evaluations across different datasets, including the test against the state-of-the-art defense mechanisms, demonstrate the high robustness, stealthiness and model efficiency of RIBAC. Code is available at https://github.com/huyvnphan/ECCV2022-RIBAC, Code is available at https://github.com/huyvnphan/ECCV2022-RIBAC

Eavesdropping from the user's smartphone is a well-known threat to the user's safety and privacy. Existing studies show that loudspeaker reverberation can inject speech into motion sensor readings, leading to speech eavesdropping. While more devastating attacks on ear speakers, which produce much smaller scale vibrations, were believed impossible to eavesdrop with zero-permission motion sensors. In this work, we revisit this important line of reach. We explore recent trends in smartphone manufacturers that include extra/powerful speakers in place of small ear speakers, and demonstrate the feasibility of using motion sensors to capture such tiny speech vibrations. We investigate the impacts of these new ear speakers on built-in motion sensors and examine the potential to elicit private speech information from the minute vibrations. Our designed system EarSpy can successfully detect word regions, time, and frequency domain features and generate a spectrogram for each word region. We train and test the extracted data using classical machine learning algorithms and convolutional neural networks. We found up to 98.66% accuracy in gender detection, 92.6% detection in speaker detection, and 56.42% detection in digit detection (which is 5X more significant than the random selection (10%)). Our result unveils the potential threat of eavesdropping on phone conversations from ear speakers using motion sensors.

Nowadays, traditional authentication methods are vulnerable to face attacks that are often based on inherent security issues. Professional attackers leverage adversarial offenses on the security holes. Biometrics has intrinsic advantages to overcome the traditional authentication methods on security, success rates, efficiency, and accessibility. Biometrics has wide prospects to implement various applications in fields. Whether in authentication security or clinical medicine, biometrics is one of the mainstream studies. In this paper, we surveyed and reviewed some related studies of biometrics, which are outstanding and significant in driving the development and popularization of biometrics. Although they still have some inherent disadvantages to restrict popularization, these obstacles could not conceal the promising future of biometrics. Multi-factors continuous biometrics authentication has become the mainstream trend of development. We reflect the findings as well as the challenges of the studies in the survey paper., Comment: 6 pages, 9 figures, 9 references

A portable orthogonal phase-locked amplifier for weak signal detection has been developed based on FPGA. First,the signal processing module receives the signal,does variable gain amplification on the signal and puts it through the power frequency noise filtering. The signal is put into the FPGA through A/D conversion module conversion. By the digital phase-locked loop ,the amplifier completes the measured signal phase lock, extracts the feedback signal to calculate the measured signal amplitude, and completes weak signal detection. The lock-in amplifier amplitude measurement range is 100 nV~100 μV, dynamic range can reach up to 60 dB, phase accuracy can attain 0.001°. The system is designed as a portable device, low cost, easy to maintain, can meet the measurement requirements of the special environment such as fieldwork or etc, and has broad application prospects.

Photons with a helical phase front (twisted photons) can carry a discrete, in principle, unbounded amount of orbital angular momentum (OAM). Twisted single-photons have been demonstrated as a high-dimensional quantum system with information processing ability far beyond the widely used two-level qubits. To date, the generations of single-photons carrying OAM merely rely on the non-linear process in bulk crystals, e.g., spontaneous parametric down-conversion (SPDC), which unavoidably limits both the efficiency and the scalability of the source. Therefore, an on-demand OAM quantum light source on a semiconductor chip is yet illusive and highly desirable for integrated photonic quantum technologies. Here we demonstrate highly-efficient emission of twisted single-photons from solid-state quantum emitters embedded in a microring with angular gratings. The cavity QED effect allows the generations of single-photons and encoding OAM in the same nanostructure and therefore enables the realization of devices with very small footprints and great scalability. The OAM states of singe-photons are clearly identified via quantum interference of single-photons with themselves. Our device may boost the development of integrated quantum photonic devices with potential applications towards high-dimensional quantum information processing., Comment: Supplementary information is available upon requests

Nature, as the major consideration of the Organic Architecture of Frank Lloyd Wright, has constantly been favored as a path for a pure soul to communicate with the spiritual. Inspired by Wright's Organic Architecture and Traditional Chinese Garden, this thesis celebrates the beauty of Nature in Pandapas Pond, Giles County, VA, where a "Water Garden" is created on the open space defined by its water. Formally, the whole garden complex takes the inspiration from lotus flowers floating on the water, which could be thought of as an "organic system of architecture." Master of Architecture

International audience; Quantile mapping (QM) – the correction of cumulative distribution functions - has been widely used to correct biases in seasonal ensemble precipitation forecasts from coupled global climate models (GCMs). The literature commonly demonstrates QM’s efficacy for bias-correction, particularly in climate change studies. A crucial difference between climate change projections and seasonal GCM forecasts is that seasonal forecasts are synchronous with observations. This opens the possibility for more sophisticated post-processing methods that 1) correct biases but also 2) correct ensemble spread and, crucially, 3) ensure forecasts are at least as skilful as climatology – a property termed ‘coherence’. Coherence is a necessary precursor for forecasts to have economic value. Through a case study of precipitation predictions from the Australian POAMA GCM, we show that QM does not guarantee reliable ensemble forecasts, nor can it ensure ‘coherent’ forecasts. Further, we show that a formal statistical calibration using the Bayesian Joint Probability (BJP) modelling approach ensures unbiased, reliable and coherent forecasts. In choosing a post-processing method for GCM precipitation forecasts, the technical benefits of formal calibration methods over QM have to be weighed against their added complexity. In general, however, we caution against the use of quantile mapping to post-process GCM forecasts and recommend the use of more rigorous methods.

Despite the availability of a number of sophisticated hydrologic models, the unit hydrograph (UH) is still one of the most widely used models for computing runoff hydrographs. The two-parameter gamma UH can be fully characterized by two parameters: the peak rate factor (PRF) and the time to peak (tpUH). Currently, obtaining accurate estimates of UH parameters is still a problem, especially for ungauged watersheds. The goal of this research was to analyze factors that influence estimates of UH parameters and to develop general guidelines that can assist in estimating UH parameters more accurately. A calibration model was developed for evaluating PRFs and tpUHs simultaneously from rainfall-runoff data. The effects of various influential factors were identified and investigated based on analyses of both synthetic and measured rainfall-runoff data. Results showed that the accuracy of calibrated UH parameters is affected by the rainfall characteristics, the time offset, the nonuniformity of rainfall, the extent of nonlinear watershed processes, and the flexibility of the gamma probability distribution function. Guidelines were developed to assist UH users in interpreting the calibration results and calibrating UH parameters more accurately.

Near-infrared (NIR) dyes functionalized magnetic nanoparticles (MNPs) have been widely applied in magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), NIR fluorescence imaging, drug delivery, and magnetic hyperthermia. However, the stability of MNPs and NIR dyes in water is a key problem to be solved for long-term application. In this study, a kind of superstable iron oxide nanoparticles was synthesized by a facile way, which can be used as T1 and T2 weighted MRI contrast agent. IR820 was grafted onto the surface of nanoparticles by 6-amino hexanoic acid to form IR820-CSQ-Fe conjugates. Attached IR820 showed increased stability in water at least for three months and an enhanced ability of singlet oxygen production of almost double that of free dyes, which will improve its efficiency for photodynamic therapy. Meanwhile, the multispectral optoacoustic tomography (MSOT) and NIR imaging ability of IR820-CSQ-Fe will greatly increase the accuracy of disease detection. All of these features will broaden the application of this material as a multimodal theranostic platform.

NOTES ON A ROGERS-RAMANUJAN TYPE IDENTITY

In both Midi-Pyrénées region (France) and Chongqing region (China), there are rich and underutilized medicinal and aromatic plants (MAP). Aiming at fully exploiting different molecules in these plants, the concept of MAP-refinery was developed and applied to several underutilized medicinal and aromatic plants in these two regions. Several water-based green extraction technologies of natural products (e.g. hydrodistillation, steam distillation and subcritical water extraction) were also investigated to look at their effects on essential oil composition and antioxidants recovery from selected plants. Firstly, lists of forgotten or underutilized medicinal and aromatic plants in both regions were established according to the rules of selection. From the lists, six plants in the Midi-Pyrénées region (Tussilago farfara L., Calendula arvensis L., Robinia pseudoacacia L., Geranium robertianum L., Cytisus scoparius L. and Spartium junceum L.) and three plants in the Chongqing region (Tussilago farfara L., Citrum aurantium L. and Saussurea costus) were finally selected for investigations. Then the MAP-refinery was applied to the selected plants in two regions in order to realise their global valorisation. Volatile extracts composition in the roots of Tussilago farfara L. and Calendula arvensis L., as well as flower buds of Spartium junceum L. were firstly investigated. The main chemical compounds in volatile extract from Tussilago farfara L. roots were sesquiterpene hydrocarbons and aliphatic compounds while main chemical compounds in volatile extract from Calendula arvensis L. roots were oxygenated sesquiterpenes, oxygenated monoterpenes and oxygenated diterpenes. The volatile extract from flower buds of Spartium junceum L. was mainly composed of aliphatic compounds. Antioxidant capacity evaluation results (by DPPH, ABTS, FRAC, ORAC and Folin-Ciocalteu tests) showed that several plant samples like Cytisus scoparius L., Tussilago farfara L., Citrum aurantium L. and Robinia pseudoacacia L. could be potential sources of natural antioxidants. Comparisons of hydrodistillation (HD), steam distillation (SD) and subcritical water extraction (SWE) showed that HD and SD had limited effects on essential oil composition but HD, SD and SWE had significant impacts on the recovery of antioxidants. Hydrodistillation seemed to be a better method for recovery of antioxidant compounds from residues of distillation than steam distillation. However, SWE appeared to be a more efficient method for direct extraction of antioxidant molecules (or phenolic compounds) from plants. In the hydrodistillation process, mineral contents in water were found to have very limited effects on yields of extracts but calcium and bicarbonate ions, had significant decreasing effects on antioxidant capacity and total phenolic content of both aqueous and methanolic extracts. Finally, an improved MAP-refinery was developed. Subcritical water was used for further extraction of antioxidant compounds from residues in original MAP-refinery. In this way, five parts could be obtained from plant materials: volatile extract, aqueous extract, methanolic extract, subcritical water extract and the final residue. The results showed that the improved MAP-refinery significantly increased the recovery of antioxidants compared with original MAP-refinery. This promising process will also allow a better valorisation of the final solid residue due to the lower content of residual water.