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Vlasiator is a hybrid-Vlasov model designed for global simulations of Earth's magnetosphere. In the hybrid-Vlasov approach, ions are described as velocity distribution functions and electrons are a charge-neutralising fluid. This provides a self-consistent description of ion dynamics in the global magnetospheric context. Vlasiator simulations have been at first confined to two dimensions in ordinary space (2D) and three in velocity space (3V), due to their high computational cost. The recent implementation of adaptive mesh refinement now makes it possible to run 6D (3D-3V) global simulations of Earth's magnetosphere. Here we present an overview of recent results obtained with these new 6D simulations, pertaining to magnetotail dynamics, magnetopause motion, and particle precipitation into the ionosphere. The runs are carried out with a purely southward interplanetary magnetic field, which is conducive to dayside and nightside reconnection. On the dayside, we find that cusp proton precipitation is modulated by flux transfer events formed by magnetopause reconnection. In the magnetotail, the global simulation reveals the interplay between instabilities and reconnection, and their combined role in global magnetotail reconfiguration. We also study the motion of the magnetopause in response to an enhancement in the solar wind dynamic pressure., The 28th IUGG General Assembly (IUGG2023) (Berlin 2023)

В данной статье рассмотрена роль финансовой безопасность организации в точки зрения составляющей экономической безопасности предприятия, рассмотрены факторы внешней и внутренней среды, влияющие на состояние экономической безопасности предприятия, освящены вопросы, касающиеся объектов и субъектов обеспечения финансовой безопасности хозяйствующего субъекта, а также задачи в рамках достижения финансовой безопасности. This article examines the role of the financial security of an organization in terms of the component of the economic security of an enterprise, examines the factors of the external and achieving financial security.

Поступила : 27.09.2019. Принята в печать: 15.01.2020. Received: 27.09.2019. Accepted: 15.01.2020. В статье представлен датчик на основе щелевой моды в акустической линии задержки для экспресс-анализа и оценки жизнеспособности бактериальных клеток непосредственно в жидкой проводящей суспензии. В качестве аналитического сигнала использовали изменение глубины и частоты пиков резонансного поглощения на частотной зависимости полных потерь выходного сигнала датчика до и после биологического взаимодействия бактериальных клеток с бактериофагами. Измерения проводились в суспензиях с начальной проводимостью 5–30 мкСм/см. Для подавления биохимических процессов в бактериальных клетках с целью оценки их жизнеспособности клеточную суспензию подвергали температурному воздействию в температурном интервале 60–100 °С с последующим охлаждением. Конструкция датчика позволяла многократно использовать съемный контейнер, при этом значительно упрощался процесс его очистки от отработанного образца. The article presents a slot-mode sensor in acoustic delay line for rapid analysis and assessment of the viability of bacterial cells directly in a liquid conductive suspension. The main element of the sensor is the delay line made of the Y-X lithium niobate plate. Two interdigital transducers (IDTs) were applied to the surface of the plate to excite and receive the acoustic SH0 wave. A liquid container was placed above the waveguide of the delay line between the IDTs with the given gap of 8 μm. The bottom of the container was made of the Z-X + 30° lithium niobate plate. The sensor was connected to the Sparameter meter E5071C (Agilent, USA), and the frequency dependence of the insertion loss of the sensor output signal was measured. During the measurements the presence of pronounced resonance peaks in the frequency dependence of the insertion loss of the sensor associated with the excitation of the slot mode was observed. The method of the analysis of the microbial cells was based on recording changes in the depth and frequency of resonance absorption peaks on the frequency dependence of the insertion loss of the sensor before and after the biological interaction of the microbial cells with the specific bacteriophages. The sensor recorded the infection of microbial cells with the specific bacteriophages in suspensions with the initial conductivity of 4.5–30 μS/cm. The analysis time was 5–10 minutes, the limit of the determination of the microbial cells was 103 cells/ml. The control experiments were conducted with the nonspecific interactions of the microbial cells with the bacteriophages, in which no change in the sensor parameters was observed. To suppress the biochemical processes in the cells or the further assessment of their viability, the cell suspension was heated to 60, 80, and 100 °C. Then the cell suspension was cooled to the room temperature, placed in the liquid container and the sensor readings were recorded. After that, the specific bacteriophage was added and the sensor readings were again recorded. A distinctive feature of the used sensor is the lack of contact of the suspension under investigation with the thin (200 μm) waveguide of the delay line. Therefore, the additional advantage of the sensor is the presence of a removable container with the liquid, which allows to reuse it and to facilitate the process of cleaning the container from the spent sample. This fact is an important condition when working with microorganisms. Работа выполнена при финансовой поддержке гранта Российского фонда фундаментальных исследований № 19-07-00304а. This research is supported by grant No. 19-07-00304a from the Russian Foundation for basic research.

The process $p+p\to W^\pm W^+ W^-$ with lepton decays of $W$-bosons is shown to be promising for improving conditions for studies of parameter $\lambda$, which is the anomalous triple $W$-bosons interaction coupling constant., Comment: 8 pages, 2 figures

The paper presents the results of comparing foreign corporate information systems (CISs) obtained by using the classical analytic hierarchy process (AHP). The eight most common corporate information systems of international standards were analyzed by 43 criteria, grouped into 7 classes of characteristics. Besides identifying the corporate systems which are the most preferable for implementation, there were determined some classes of criteria which are vital when selecting a system, and for each criterion 3-4 most suitable systems were identified.Keywords: corporative information systems, multi-criteria assessment and selection, paired comparison analysis, analytic hierarchical procedure, classes of criteria.

The aim of the study was to determine the blood pressure characteristics of school-age children, who were born by caesarean section.Materials and Methods. 75 school-age children ages from 12 till 16 years were investigated. They were hospitalized in the pediatric department with a diagnosis of vegetative dysfunction and with complaints of periodic increase in blood pressure. Patients were divided into two groups. The first group included 47 children, who were born by the usual way – vaginal delivery. The second group included 28 children, who were born by caesarean section. All children were investigated by 24-hour blood pressure monitoring. The daily, day and night mean values of systolic and diastolic blood pressure were studied. The normal limit values for 50, 90 and 95 percentiles relative to height, age, gender were calculated for every child individually. The indices of physical development – weight, height, BMI were assessed.Results. The mean indices of daily (p = 0.03) and day (p = 0.013) systolic blood pressure exceeding 90 centiles has been observed more frequently in the group of children born by caesarean section. The value of night systolic blood pressure exceeded 50 centiles more often among children from the 2 group (p = 0.016). The level of night systolic (6.06 ± 1.27 %) and diastolic (7.89 ± 1.58 %) pressure decreasing in children who were born by cesarean section was significantly lower than in children who were born by usual way. Odds ratio of 4.28 (p = 0.01) showed the influence of the birth by cesarean section on overweight, and on daily systolic blood pressure increasing (4.27; p = 0.02). Effect of breastfeeding duration of less than 6 months on daily systolic blood pressure exceeding 50 centiles (4.59; p = 0.01) has been found.Conclusions. Birth by caesarean section led to a greater frequency of exceeding the systolic blood pressure according to its daily monitoring in adolescents with symptoms of vegetative dysfunction, as well as a lower level of night blood pressure decreasing. Overweight and short duration of breastfeeding may have been the factors that caused blood pressure changes in examined children., Цель работы – определение особенностей артериального давления у детей школьного возраста, рождённых путём операции кесарева сечения.Материалы и методы. Исследование проводилось у 75 детей школьного возраста от 12 до 16 лет, которые находились на стационарном лечении с диагнозом вегетативной дисфункции и с жалобами на периодическое повышение артериального давления. Пациенты были разделены на две группы. В первую включили 47 детей, рождённых через естественные родовые пути. В группу 2 вошли 28 детей, которые были рождены путём операции кесарева сечения. Всем детям было проведено суточное мониторирование артериального давления. Изучались средние значения систолического суточного, дневного, ночного и диастолического артериального давления. Для каждого ребёнка индивидуально рассчитывались граничные значения нормы для 50, 90 и 95 перцентилей относительно роста, возраста, пола. Оценивались показатели физического развития – масса, рост, проводился расчёт массо-ростового индекса (BMI).Результаты. В группе детей, рождённых после операции кесарева сечения, отмечено более частое превышение границ 90 центиля показателями средних значений суточного (р = 0,03) и дневного (р = 0,013) систолического артериального давления. Чаще выявлялось увеличение выше 50 центиля значения ночного систолического артериального давления (р = 0,016). Уровень ночного снижения систолического (6,06 ± 1,27 %) и диастолического (7,89 ±1,58 %) давления у детей, рождённых после кесарева сечения, был достоверно ниже, чем у детей, рождённых обычным путём. Значение отношения шансов 4,28 (р = 0,01) показывало как влияние рождения оперативным путём на появление избыточной массы тела, так и влияние последней на повышение суточного (4,27; р = 0,02) систолического давления. Влияние длительности грудного вскармливания менее 6 месяцев было найдено для превышения суточного систолического артериального давления выше 50 центиля (4,59; р = 0,01).Выводы. Рождение путём операции кесарева сечения приводило к большей частоте превышения систолического артериального давления по данным его суточного мониторинга у детей подросткового возраста с признаками вегетативной дисфункции, а также к более низкому уровню ночного снижения артериального давления. Факторами, способствующими изменениям показателей суточного мониторинга исследуемых детей, могли служить избыточная масса тела, а также небольшая продолжительность грудного вскармливания., Мета роботи – визначення особливостей артеріального тиску в дітей шкільного віку, які народжені шляхом операції кесаревого розтину.Матеріали та методи. Дослідження здійснили в 75 дітей шкільного віку (12–16 років), які перебували на стаціонарному лікуванні з діагнозом вегетативної дисфункції та зі скаргами на періодичне підвищення артеріального тиску. Пацієнтів поділили на дві групи. До першої включили 47 дітей, які народжені звичайним шляхом. До другої групи ввійшли 28 дітей, які народжені шляхом операції кесаревого розтину. Всім дітям здійснили добове моніторування артеріального тиску. Вивчали середні значення систолічного добового, денного, нічного та діастолічного артеріального тиску. Для кожної дитини індивідуально розраховували граничні значення норми для 50, 90 та 95 перцентилів щодо зростання, віку, статі. Оцінювали показники фізичного розвитку – масу, ріст, розраховували BMI.Результати. У групі дітей, які народжені після операції кесаревого розтину, відзначено частіше перевищення меж 90 центиля показниками середніх значень добового (р = 0,03) і денного (р = 0,013) систолічного артеріального тиску. Частіше виявлялось збільшення вище за 50 центиль значення нічного систолічного артеріального тиску (р = 0,016). Рівень нічного зниження систолічного (6,06 ± 1,27 %) та діастолічного (7,89 ± 1,58 %) тиску в дітей, які народжені після кесаревого розтину, був вірогідно нижчим, ніж у дітей, які народжені звичайним шляхом. Значення відношення шансів 4,28 (р = 0,01) показувало як вплив народження оперативним шляхом на появу надлишкової маси тіла, так і вплив останньої на підвищення добового (4,27; р = 0,02) систолічного тиску. Вплив тривалості грудного вигодовування менше ніж 6 місяців був знайдений для перевищення добового систолічного артеріального тиску вище ніж 50 центиль (4,59; р = 0,01).Висновки. Народження шляхом операції кесаревого розтину призводило до більшої частоти перевищення систолічного артеріального тиску за даними його добового моніторингу в дітей підліткового віку з ознаками вегетативної дисфункції, а також до нижчого рівня нічного зниження артеріального тиску. Факторами, що сприяють змінам показників добового моніторингу в досліджуваних дітей, слугували надлишкова маса тіла, а також низька тривалість грудного вигодовування.

BACKGROUND The safe and appropriate use of long-acting beta-agonists (LABAs) for the treatment of asthma has been widely debated. In two large clinical trials, investigators found a potential risk of serious asthma-related events associated with LABAs. This study was designed to evaluate the risk of administering the LABA salmeterol in combination with an inhaled glucocorticoid, fluticasone propionate. METHODS In this multicenter, randomized, double-blind trial, adolescent and adult patients (age, ≥12 years) with persistent asthma were assigned to receive either fluticasone with salmeterol or fluticasone alone for 26 weeks. All the patients had a history of a severe asthma exacerbation in the year before randomization but not during the previous month. Patients were excluded from the trial if they had a history of lifethreatening or unstable asthma. The primary safety end point was the first serious asthma-related event (death, endotracheal intubation, or hospitalization). Noninferiority of fluticasone–salmeterol to fluticasone alone was defined as an upper boundary of the 95% confidence interval for the risk of the primary safety end point of less than 2.0. The efficacy end point was the first severe asthma exacerbation. RESULTS Of 11,679 patients who were enrolled, 67 had 74 serious asthma-related events, with 36 events in 34 patients in the fluticasone–salmeterol group and 38 events in 33 patients in the fluticasone-only group. The hazard ratio for a serious asthmarelated event in the fluticasone–salmeterol group was 1.03 (95% confidence interval [CI], 0.64 to 1.66), and noninferiority was achieved (P = 0.003). There were no asthma-related deaths; 2 patients in the fluticasone-only group underwent asthmarelated intubation. The risk of a severe asthma exacerbation was 21% lower in the fluticasone–salmeterol group than in the fluticasone-only group (hazard ratio, 0.79; 95% CI, 0.70 to 0.89), with at least one severe asthma exacerbation occurring in 480 of 5834 patients (8%) in the fluticasone–salmeterol group, as compared with 597 of 5845 patients (10%) in the fluticasone-only group (P

A possible effective interaction in the quantum gravity is considered. The compensation equation for a spontaneous generation of this interaction is shown to have a non-trivial solution. Would be consequences of a possible existence of effective interactions in the gravity theory are discussed. An example of running gravitational coupling is presented, which corresponds to a description of effects, which nowadays are prescribed to a dark mater and to a dark energy., Comment: 14 pages, 9 figures

Recently reported diboson excesses at LHC are interpreted to be connected with heavy $WW$ resonance with weak isotopic spin 2. The resonance appears due to the wouldbe anomalous triple interaction of the weak bosons, which is defined by well-known coupling constant $\lambda$. We obtain estimates for the effect, which qualitatively agree with ATLAS data. Effects are predicted in inclusive production of $W^+W^+, W^+ (Z,\gamma), W^+ W^-, (Z,\gamma) (Z,\gamma), W^- (Z,\gamma), W^-W^-$ resonances with $M_R \simeq 2\,TeV$, which could be reliably checked at the upgraded LHC with $\sqrt{s}\,=\,13 TeV$. In the framework of an approach to the spontaneous generation of of the triple anomalous interaction its coupling constant is estimated to be $\lambda = -\,0.017\pm 0.005$ in an agreement with existing restrictions., Comment: 5 pages, 1 figure

© ISUCT Publishing. The preparation of compositions comprising multifunctional compound is one of the key directions for design of chemosensoring materials that are important for the determination of particular ions in solutions. These compounds are characterized by ionophoric and photosensitive parts with reliable optical response and ion-selectivity. Their structures suggest the possibility of the complex formation with particular metal cations. The main goals of this study are as following: a) to investigate the absorption spectra of the novel derivative of the dithiacrown ethers (DTCE), synthesized in the laboratory of Professor S.P. Gromov (Photochemistry Center RAS), both: in salt solutions and in monolayers; b) to study the DTCE interaction with various metal cations, including mercury, as well as to carry out quantum-chemical calculations of their possible complexes. Spectral characteristics were examined in the DTCE acetonitrile solutions and their changes in the presence of some cations were found. The pronounced changes were obtained in the case of Hg2+ which are expressed as a hypsochromic shift on 22 nm. Absorption spectra of aqueous solutions of DTCE and perchlorates of alkali, alkaline earth, and heavy metals (lithium, sodium, potassium, cesium, magnesium, calcium, strontium, barium, copper, zinc, lead, cadmium, and mercury) at various concentrations were obtained. When the DTCE concentration equals to 10–5 M, the absorption intensity is low, and DTCE absorption maximum shifts in the presence of all the salts are rather small. The greatest shift (by 6 nm) of the DTCE absorption maximum to shorter wavelengths was observed for the mercury(II) perchlorate only. In order to select the DTCE concentration for further research the spectral dependence of the optical density vs. DTCE concentration was obtained (10 M was the most appropriate value of the DTCE concentration). Based on these results the DTCE extinction coefficient in aqueous solutions was determined (ε = 9329 M–1cm–1). Assuming the formation of the DTCE-cation complexes as 1:1, the metal perchlorates with lack and excess of the cations in the aqueous solutions were chosen. The absorption spectra had minor differences at DTCE concentration of 10–4 M and metal perchlorates concentration of 10–5 M (lack of the metal cations). Maximum hypsochromic shift by 4 nm was observed in the presence of mercury(II) perchlorate. It appeared that the lack of concentration of the metal salt does not allow the formation of complexes between the crown ether ring and a cation. The absorption intensity in the presence of most of salts was slightly reduced up to 85–95 % from baseline. The absorption spectra showed significant shifts of the absorption maxima to shorter wavelengths by 29 nm only in the presence of mercury(II) perchlorate at high concentrations (10–3 M). This fact proves a DTCE selectivity for mercury(II) cation. Moreover, the value of the shift depends on the salt concentration. An additional confirmation of these results was obtained in the study of the absorption spectra of the DTCE monolayers transferred from bidistilled water and aqueous solutions of Hg(ClO4)2 at constant surface pressure (about 10 mN/m). In all cases, the broad absorption maxima in the region of 350–450 nm were found. The main feature was that the maximum absorption for DTCE monolayer transferred to 10–5 M solution of Hg(ClO4)2 was 0.00575 a.u. at 406 nm. This is by 209% higher than those for the DTCE monolayer transferred from the water. Thus, the shift of the absorption maximum of DTCE monolayer in the presence of mercury salt was 23 nm to shorter wavelengths. This is further evidence of complex formation between DTCE (in monolayer) and mercury(II) cations from the aqueous subphase. For visualization and confirmation of the possibility of complex formation between DTCE and mercury(II) cation the quantum-chemical calculations of their structural models were carried out. The total energy of the optimized structure of the complex between DTCE cation and mercury(II) (with 2 perchlorate counter-anions) is set to E0 = –565.1231 a.u. It can be compared with the energies of individual species: the DTCE cation (E0 = –250.5477 a.u.) and Hg(ClO4)2 (E0 = –314.4877 a.u.). Thus, the change in energy (ΔE) upon complex formation is about –0.0877 a.u. (–230 kJ/mol). High energy of complex formation and high covalency of the Hg–S bonds explain the significant blue shift of the maximum in the absorption spectra of the solutions of DTCE with Hg(ClO4)2.

The paper describes the results of the work on improvement of electron linac LUE-40. This linac has been designed for nuclear physics research in the electron energy range 40…100 MeV. The main purpose is to reduce the energy spread, emittance and long-term instability of the beam characteristics. For this purpose the system of klystron high voltage stabilization and the beam loading compensation system have been developed. The improved injector has been put into operation. A new DC power supply system of the magnetic spectrometer has been installed and tested. Приведено описание результатов работы по усовершенствованию линейного ускорителя ЛУЭ-40, предназначенного для проведения ядерно-физических исследований в диапазоне энергий электронов 40…100 МэВ. Основной целью работы является уменьшение энергетического разброса, эмиттанса и долговременной нестабильности характеристик пучка. Для этого установлен и введен в эксплуатацию более совершенный инжектор. Разработаны системы стабилизации высокого напряжения клистронов и схема компенсации энергетического разброса, вызываемого токовой нагрузкой секции. Разработана и испытана новая система питания магнитного спектрометра. Наведено опис результатів роботи з удосконалення лінійного прискорювача електронів ЛУЕ-40, призначеного для проведення ядерно-фізичних досліджень у діапазоні енергій електронів 40…100 МеВ. Основною метою роботи є зменшення енергетичного розкиду, еміттансу і довготривалої нестабільності характеристик пучка. Для цього встановлено та введено в експлуатацію більш досконалий інжектор. Розроблені системи стабілізації високої напруги клістронів і схема компенсації енергетичного розкиду, що спричиняється струмовим навантаженням секції. Розроблена і випробувана нова система живлення магнітного спектрометра.

Docetaxel administered every three weeks is the standard treatment for advanced hormone-refractory prostate cancer (HRPC). However, biweekly administration might be better tolerated due to the reduced peak drug concentrations. Therefore, we compared biweekly to triweekly docetaxel as first- or second-line chemotherapy for advanced HRPC in this prospective randomized multicenter trial.In this study, 360 patients were randomly allocated to receive docetaxel 75 mg/m(2) i.v. d1 q3 weeks (tT) or 50 mg/m(2) i.v. d1 and d 14, q4 weeks (bT) from March 2004 to May 2009. Oral prednisolone (10 mg/day) was administered in both groups. The groups were well balanced according to the WHO performance status in terms of mean age (70 vs. 68, range 45-87 years) and median serum PSA level at the time of study entry (109 vs. 98 μg/l, range 11-1490 μg/l). The primary endpoint was time to treatment failure (TTF). ClinicalTrials.gov study identifier: NCT00255606.Ultimately, 158 patients (tT=79; bT=79) were included in this preplanned interim safety analysis; 567 and 487 cycles (equivalent to 1701 and 1948 weeks of treatment) were administered in the tT and bT groups, respectively. The most common grade 3-4 adverse events (expressed as %/cycles) in tT /bT were neutropenia 20%/14%; infection with/without neutropenia 8%/3%; fatigue 3%/3%; febrile neutropenia 2%/1%; and bone pain 2%/1%. Serious adverse events occurred more frequently in the group tT (n=60, 10.6% of cycles) than in the group bT (n=29, 6.0%, p=0.012). One patient died due to coronary infarction, and another was diagnosed with acute lymphocytic leukemia (both in the bT group). Thirty patients (38%) in the bT group and 22 patients (28%) in the tT group were still receiving treatment at 6 months (p=0.176).Biweekly docetaxel was tolerated better than conventional triweekly with fewer serious adverse events and more patients were still on the therapy at 6 months. Biweekly docetaxel therapy might be considered as an option for elderly patients exhibiting a compromised general condition.