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In order to overcome the environmental pollution caused by traditional water-quenching slag treatment and recover a large number of waste heat from blast furnace slag (BFS), the dry granulation pro...

Additional file 3: Composition of metabolites differing between groups in the sera of mice with pulmonary fibrosis.

Additional file 1: Results of western blot analysis of TGF-β1 and ɑ-SMA in lung tissue.

Additional file 4: Original pictures of TGF-β1 and ɑ-SMA expression in mouse lung tissue were analyzed by Western blot at 7 and 14 days after bleomycin perfusion.

Additional file 2: Statistical analysis of metabolomic data by different methods.

The process of granulation in blast furnace slag (BFS) by gas quenching can effectively recover the waste heat of BFS and improve the value-added nature of the BFS byproduct. With decreasing temperature, BFS crystallizes into melilite, anorthite, spinel, etc. Mineral crystallization, however, is not conducive to the production of amorphous BFS beads. This study uses thermodynamic simulation and remelting experiments to study the influences of basicity, acidity, and the MgO and Al2O3 content of the BFS on the crystallization. By controlling the composition of the BFS, mineral crystallization in the process of granulation in BFS, by gas quenching, could be prevented. The results show that increasing the basicity of the BFS causes the mineral crystallization temperature to increase rapidly. The mineral phase then crystallizes at a higher temperature, which is not conducive to the formation of an amorphous phase. Increasing the acidity of the BFS can greatly decrease the crystallization temperature, e.g., when the acidity increases to 1.3, amorphous BFS beads can be obtained at the gas quenching temperature (1623 K). Although increasing the MgO and Al2O3 contents in the BFS had little effect on the crystallization temperature and yield, the preparation of amorphous BFS beads by gas quenching could be realized by adjusting the acidity of the BFS.

Through the research on the mechanism of iron ore sintering process, we used Fluent software to simulate the sintering process and establish a mathematical model of heat and mass transfer; moreover, we used the sintering cup experiment to verify the reliability of the model. The experimental results showed the following: when adding biomass fuel, the thickness of the material layer with the temperature higher than 1573 K decreased slightly; meanwhile, the thickness of the material layer with the temperature higher than 1723 K decreased drastically. Comparison of the emission content of SO2 in conventional sintering and sintering with biomass fuel showed that sintering with biomass fuel could reduce SO2 content in sintering flue gas. Considering sinter properties and SO2 emission reduction effect, sintering material that was added 30% biomass fuel to replace coke breeze could ensure the ore-forming process, and could realise the environment-friendly production.

Based on the heat balance principle, and by using thermodynamic software FactSage6.4 simulation software, the study analyzed the impact of the ratio of iron tailings on the thermodynamic parameters of slag system, and explored the blast furnace slag and iron tailings and the change rule of heat transfer between the blast furnace slag and iron tailings and the influence law of the ratio of iron tailings on the temperature and concurrent heating quantity of the slag system; the study further adopted the least squares method, multiple regression analysis method to establish the mathematical model of the temperature drop ΔT and concurrent heating quantity of the slag system; Based on the above research, the study constructed the coordinated control chart of the ratio of iron tailings, the temperature of slag fluidity, and concurrent heating quantity so that the law of concurrent heating of the slag system by taking the iron tailings as conditioning agent was obtained.

Relationships between cadmium uptake characteristics and photosynthetic physiology of rice were studied by using Xiangzaoxian 45 and Luliangyou 996 as materials under four cultivation modes: conventional water raised seedling(T1), nursery seedling(T2), dryland raised seedling(T3), direct seeding(T4). The results showed that different cultivation modes had significant effect on the yield of two culti-vars. The cadmium content of different organs followed the sequence of root>stem>leaf>grain. The cadmium uptaked by rice were mainly dis-tributed in the stem, which accounted for 41.53%-54.67% of the gross number, the grain just occupied 4.92%-14.36%. The absorptive ca-pacity of cadmium of direct seeding mode was stronger than the other three modes, and the cadmium content of each organ was higher than the other three cultivation modes significantly. Certain relevance exsisted between photosynthetic physiological characteristics and the cad-mium content, accumulation of each rice organ. There were significant correlation between cadmium content of grain absorbed and transpira-tion rate. The correlation coefficient was r=0.684(P=0.029).

The influence of air pressure on mechanical effect of laser plasma shock wave in a vacuum chamber produced by a Nd:YAG laser has been studied. The laser pulses with pulse width of 10ns and pulse energy of about 320mJ at 1.06μm wavelength is focused on the aluminium target mounted on a ballistic pendulum, and the air pressure in the chamber changes from 2.8 × 103 to 1.01 × 105Pa. The experimental results show that the impulse coupling coefficient changes as the air pressure and the distance of the target from focus change. The mechanical effects of the plasma shock wave on the target are analysed at different distances from focus and the air pressure.

Gas quenching steel slag (GQSS), which was prepared by gas quenching equipment under inert atmosphere, possessed some advantages for pollutants removal from wastewater. Static state experiment has been carried on to investigate Cr(VI) removal from wastewater by GQSS. The results indicated that initial pH value, solid-liquid ratio, Cr(VI) original concentration and dissolved oxygen in solution have significant influence on Cr(VI) removal percentage. Cr(VI) solution had better to be controlled in acidic condition because Cr(VI) reduction could be restrained in alkaline solution. On the other hand, the initial pH value could not much lower because precipitation of Cr(III) could be inhibited. To improve Cr(VI) removal percentage, the solid-liquid ratio should be controlled at 1:100. Under different original concentrations, Cr(VI) removal percentage was in the range of from 20% to 45% because the GQSS without any further treatment and modification.

Chloroacetates displayed different effects on electron transports in the photosynthetic reaction center of purple bacteria (Rb.sphaeroides 601) and in the photosystem II (PS II) of higher plants. Decays of chlorophyII a fluorescence measured after actinic flashes show that chloroacetates inhibit the electron transport from Q(A)(-) to Q(B) (Q(B)(-)) and the equilibrium between Q(A)(-)Q(B) (Q(B)(-)) and Q(A)Q(B)(-) (Q(B)(2-)), acting on electron transport as well as proton transduction. The study on PSII electron transport indicates another inhibition site of chloroacetate at the oxidation side of PSII. Chloroacetates up to 500 mM have no inhibition on the DCPIPH(2) right curved arrow MV electron transport in the RS601's chromatophores. Dissociation constants of OP and trichloroacetates from RS601 reaction center were assessed to be 1.1x10(-3) M and from Dixon curve respectively. The differences on aspects of structures and functions between RS601 reaction center and PS II were discussed.