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Generalized tantra for deprogramming zero-based concepts.

Generalized tantra for deprogramming zero-based concepts. Thanks be to Jehovah the Living Way of Allaha.

BACKGROUND: Non-contrast computed tomography (CT) scanning allows for reliable coronary calcium score (CCS) calculation at a low radiation dose and has been well established as marker to assess the future risk of coronary artery disease (CAD) events in asymptomatic individuals. However, the diagnostic and prognostic value in symptomatic patients remains a matter of debate. This narrative review focuses on the available evidence for CCS in patients with stable chest pain complaints.METHOD: PubMed, Embase, and Web of Science were searched for literature using search terms related to three overarching categories: CT, symptomatic chest pain patients, and coronary calcium. The search resulted in 42 articles fulfilling the inclusion and exclusion criteria: 27 articles (n = 38 137 patients) focused on diagnostic value and 23 articles (n = 44 683 patients) on prognostic value of CCS. Of these, 10 articles (n = 21 208 patients) focused on both the diagnostic and prognostic value of CCS.RESULTS: Between 22 and 10 037 patients were included in the studies on the diagnostic and prognostic value of CCS, including 43 % and 51 % patients with CCS 0. The most evidence is available for patients with a low and intermediate pre-test probability (PTP) of CAD. Overall, the prevalence of obstructive CAD (OCAD, defined as a luminal stenosis of ≥ 50 % in any of the coronary arteries) as determined with CT coronary angiography in CCS 0 patients, was 4.4 % (n = 703/16 074) with a range of 0-26 % in individual studies. The event rate for major adverse cardiac events (MACE) ranged from 0 % to 2.1 % during a follow-up of 1.6 to 6.8 years, resulting in a high negative predictive value for MACE between 98 % and 100 % in CCS 0 patients. At increasing CCS, the OCAD probability and MACE risk increased. OCAD was present in 58.3 % (n = 617/1058) of CCS > 400 patients with percentages ranging from 20 % to 94 % and MACE occurred in 16.7 % (n = 175/1048) of these patients with percentages ranging from 6.9 % to 50 %.CONCLUSION: Accumulating evidence shows that OCAD is unlikely and the MACE risk is very low in symptomatic patients with CCS 0, especially in those with low and intermediate PTPs. This suggests a role of CCS as a gatekeeper for additional diagnostic testing. Increasing CCS is related to an increasing probability of OCAD and risk of cardiac events. Additional research is needed to assess the value of CCS in women and patient management in a primary healthcare setting.KEY POINTS: · A CCS of zero makes OCAD in patients at low-intermediate PTP unlikely. · A CCS of zero is related to a very low risk of MACE. · Categories of increasing CCS are related to increasing rates of OCAD and MACE. · Future studies should focus on the diagnostic and prognostic value of CCS in symptomatic women and the role in primary care.CITATION FORMAT: · Koopman MY, Willemsen RT, van der Harst P et al. The Diagnostic and Prognostic Value of Coronary Calcium Scoring in Stable Chest Pain Patients: A Narrative Review. Fortschr Röntgenstr 2022; 194: 257 - 265.

Non-contrast computed tomography (CT) scanning allows for reliable coronary calcium score (CCS) calculation at a low radiation dose and has been well established as marker to assess the future risk of coronary artery disease (CAD) events in asymptomatic individuals. However, the diagnostic and prognostic value in symptomatic patients remains a matter of debate. This narrative review focuses on the available evidence for CCS in patients with stable chest pain complaints.PubMed, Embase, and Web of Science were searched for literature using search terms related to three overarching categories: CT, symptomatic chest pain patients, and coronary calcium. The search resulted in 42 articles fulfilling the inclusion and exclusion criteria: 27 articles (n = 38 137 patients) focused on diagnostic value and 23 articles (n = 44 683 patients) on prognostic value of CCS. Of these, 10 articles (n = 21 208 patients) focused on both the diagnostic and prognostic value of CCS.Between 22 and 10 037 patients were included in the studies on the diagnostic and prognostic value of CCS, including 43 % and 51 % patients with CCS 0. The most evidence is available for patients with a low and intermediate pre-test probability (PTP) of CAD. Overall, the prevalence of obstructive CAD (OCAD, defined as a luminal stenosis of ≥ 50 % in any of the coronary arteries) as determined with CT coronary angiography in CCS 0 patients, was 4.4 % (n = 703/16 074) with a range of 0-26 % in individual studies. The event rate for major adverse cardiac events (MACE) ranged from 0 % to 2.1 % during a follow-up of 1.6 to 6.8 years, resulting in a high negative predictive value for MACE between 98 % and 100 % in CCS 0 patients. At increasing CCS, the OCAD probability and MACE risk increased. OCAD was present in 58.3 % (n = 617/1058) of CCS 400 patients with percentages ranging from 20 % to 94 % and MACE occurred in 16.7 % (n = 175/1048) of these patients with percentages ranging from 6.9 % to 50 %.Accumulating evidence shows that OCAD is unlikely and the MACE risk is very low in symptomatic patients with CCS 0, especially in those with low and intermediate PTPs. This suggests a role of CCS as a gatekeeper for additional diagnostic testing. Increasing CCS is related to an increasing probability of OCAD and risk of cardiac events. Additional research is needed to assess the value of CCS in women and patient management in a primary healthcare setting.· A CCS of zero makes OCAD in patients at low-intermediate PTP unlikely. · A CCS of zero is related to a very low risk of MACE. · Categories of increasing CCS are related to increasing rates of OCAD and MACE. · Future studies should focus on the diagnostic and prognostic value of CCS in symptomatic women and the role in primary care.· Koopman MY, Willemsen RT, van der Harst P et al. The Diagnostic and Prognostic Value of Coronary Calcium Scoring in Stable Chest Pain Patients: A Narrative Review. Fortschr Röntgenstr 2022; 194: 257 - 265.Die kontrastfreie Computertomografie (CT) ermöglicht eine zuverlässige Berechnung des koronaren Kalziumscores (KKS) bei niedriger Strahlendosis und hat sich als Marker zur Beurteilung des Risikos für koronare Herzkrankheiten (KHK) bei asymptomatischen Personen bewährt. Der diagnostische und prognostische Wert bei symptomatischen Patienten bleibt jedoch umstritten. Die vorliegende Übersichtsarbeit befasst sich mit der verfügbaren Evidenz des KKS bei Patienten mit stabilen Brustschmerzbeschwerden.In PubMed, Embase und Web of Science wurde eine Literaturrecherche mit Suchbegriffen zu drei übergeordneten Kategorien durchgeführt: CT, Patienten mit symptomatischen Brustschmerzen und Koronarkalk. Die Suche ergab 42 Artikel, die die Ein- und Ausschlusskriterien erfüllten: 27 Artikel (n = 38 137 Patienten) konzentrierten sich auf den diagnostischen Wert und 23 Artikel (n = 44 683 Patienten) auf den prognostischen Wert des KKS. Davon befassten sich 10 Artikel (n = 21 208 Patienten) mit dem diagnostischen und dem prognostischen Wert des KKS.In die Studien zum diagnostischen und prognostischen Wert des KKS wurden zwischen 22 und 10 037 Patienten eingeschlossen, darunter 43 % bzw. 51 % Patienten mit KKS0. Die meisten Erkenntnisse liegen für Patienten mit einer niedrigen und mittleren Prätestwahrscheinlichkeit (PTP) für KHK vor. Insgesamt lag die Prävalenz der obstruktiven KHK (OKHK, definiert als luminale Stenose von ≥ 50 % in einer der Koronararterien), die mittels CT-Koronarangiografie bei KKS0-Patienten bestimmt wurde, bei 4,4 % (n = 703/16 074) mit einem Bereich von 0–26 % in einzelnen Studien. Die Ereignisrate für schwerwiegende unerwünschte kardiale Ereignisse („major adverse cardiac events“ MACE) reichte von 0 % bis 2,1 % während einer Nachbeobachtungszeit von 1,6 bis 6,8 Jahren, was bei KKS 0-Patienten zu einem hohen negativen Vorhersagewert für MACE zwischen 98 % und 100 % führte. Mit zunehmendem KKS stiegen die OKHK-Wahrscheinlichkeit und das MACE-Risiko. Bei 58,3 % (n = 617/1058) der Patienten mit einem KKS 400 lag eine OKHK vor, wobei die Spanne von 20 % bis 94 % reichte. Bei 16,7 % (n = 175/1048) dieser Patienten trat ein MACE auf, mit einer Spanne von 6,9 % bis 50 %.Es gibt zunehmend mehr Hinweise darauf, dass bei symptomatischen Patienten mit KKS0 eine OKHK unwahrscheinlich und das MACE-Risiko sehr gering ist, insbesondere bei den Patienten mit niedriger und mittlerer PTP. Dies weist auf eine „Torwächter“-Rolle des KKS hinsichtlich zusätzlicher diagnostischer Tests hin. Mit zunehmendem KKS steigt sowohl die Wahrscheinlichkeit einer OKHK als das Risiko für kardiale Ereignisse. Weitere Forschungsarbeiten sind erforderlich, um den Wert des KKS bei Frauen und beim Patientenmanagement im Rahmen der medizinischen Grundversorgung zu bewerten.

Gooniyandi (Bunuban, Kimberley, north-west Australia), according to McGregor (1990a), has an ergative case-marker. Unusually, McGregor's grammar does not identify a corresponding zero absolutive case-marker or case; nor does it discuss why there is none. This paper rectifies this lacuna and outlines the evidence against the recognition of an absolutive case-marker. The arguments concern both evidence for the absence of an absolutive case-marker, and absence of evidence for one. Thus it is possible to find ergativity in a grammatical subsystem of a language without corresponding absolutivity. I discuss some implications for the typology of ergativity, and examine conditions under which it is viable to identify an absolutive case and/or case-marker.

Background: The study of what is does not exclude the study of what is not. However, what exists in an objective reality in which nothing exists? Methods: Basic rules of classical logic and algebra were used. Results: Under the assumption of certain conditions, indeterminate forms like 0/0 or 1/0 do not have to remain indeterminate. Conclusion: Zero divided by zero equals 1., \href{https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7496783}{Zenodo Version 3}

Truth decay and compromised ethical behavior can be observed when looking back into the history of the aviation industry. The author has presented since 2012 about related questionable views and behavior. In this presentation he compiles the "best" of his slides into one lecture that tries to give an overview of the problem at hand. Commercial aviation provides one of the strongest examples of Jevons Paradox, nevertheless the aviation industry keeps praising efficiency gains as the way to safe fuel and emissions on a global scale. Questionable goal setting with respect to aviation emissions started as early as 2000. Inside the aircraft another problem exists: contaminated aircraft cabin air. Here, the aviation industry rather fights claims of victims in court instead of working on a technical solution. The idea of massive use of air taxies is as old as 1899, but has still not come. Eventually it will most probably be a polluting means of transportation for the super-rich. Battery electric aviation has a clear range limit. Proposals that deny this fact are green washing. Grid-connected electric mobility operates successfully on tracks e.g. as high-speed trains. Claims for a large number of propellers may have been made without looking at certification rules and geometry. The year 2020 came. Those waiting to see a difference in aviation (massive CO2-compensation by the industry) to fulfill at last aviation's goal setting promise of Carbon Neutral Growth (CNG) saw – nothing. However, the Corona pandemic came after two month into the year 2020. Most aircraft rested on the ground. Subsequently, passengers saw more legends than truth about cabin ventilation. The legends were distributed by the aviation industry in an effort to retain at least a minimum of revenues. IATA turned out to be the biggest liar among all. Airbus chief engineer Jean-Brice Dumont was given the new title "guru" and explained cabin ventilation on Facebook. Emirates presented two highly protected technicians mounting a new and clean HEPA filter on an A380. Still in the same year the next legend was presented by Airbus: Aircraft burning hydrogen in jet engines would produce "zero emissions". In contrast to science, this would mean no NOx and no contrails. After the pandemic, industry could not wait to see air traffic reaching again 2019 levels and old growth figures. It was still not understood that instead a reduction in air traffic would be necessary to reach proclaimed goals. It was also not understood that regenerative energy would need to be used first to substitute coal power plants and that massive aviation regenerative electricity demands for LH2 and SAF had no chance to be addressed by society. Aviation would need to produce its green energy itself. Time scales slipped or turned out to have been lies in the first place. 2021 was the year to look back at the "money burning" A380 project. This reminded us that Airbus lied already 20 years ago when demanding a runway extension in Hamburg-Finkenwerder for the A380. The extension was not necessary, but was built (from public money) anyway and against much protest from local population and their precise engineering/aviation arguments. Aviation ethics can be summed up under: "G^4", which stands for "Continuous Growth to increase Gain to satisfy shareholders expectations can lead to Greed and to an ever more ruthless industry behavior accumulating Guilt in the end." Some aviation organizations seem not to be willing to abide by the law, even if enforced and with consequences leading to the end of company existence. Boeing gambled with saving a second angel-of-attack sensor on the B737 MAX, resulting in two crashes and 346 people dying. Airbus paid 3.6 Billion Euro penalty due to bribery. The aviation industry is far from abidance by the law and even further away from taking up the code of a respectable / honorable businessman. The list of unethical issues in the aviation industry is long., SARC Friday Club

Kein anderes Verkehrsmittel erzeugt pro Person und Zeit eine so hohe Klimawirkung wie ein Passagierflugzeug. Alle diskutierten Lösungen (Wasserstoff, synthetischer Kraftstoff) haben ihre Probleme. Eine wirkungsvolle Senkung der Emissionen der Luftfahrt kann nur durch eine Reduktion des Luftverkehrs erfolgen. Wenn keine Verbote ausgesprochen werden sollen und können, sollte zumindest das Vielfliegen nicht weiter gefördert werden. Vielfliegerprogramme mögen für die Fluggesellschaften Kundenbindung bringen, sind aber in Zeiten des Klimawandels nicht mehr zeitgemäß und gehören auf den Prüfstand. Im Extremfall führen sie zu suchtartigem Verhalten, wenn „Mile Runners“ sich mit ihrem Vielfliegerstatus aufwerten wollen., https://www.dglr.de/informieren/magazin

Contains fulltext : 287839.pdf (Publisher’s version ) (Open Access) In computed tomography, coronary artery calcium (CAC) scores are influenced by image reconstruction. The effect of a newly introduced deep learning-based reconstruction (DLR) on CAC scoring in relation to other algorithms is unknown. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of four generations of image reconstruction techniques (filtered back projection (FBP), hybrid iterative reconstruction (HIR), model-based iterative reconstruction (MBIR), and DLR) on CAC detectability, quantification, and risk classification. First, CAC detectability was assessed with a dedicated static phantom containing 100 small calcifications varying in size and density. Second, CAC quantification was assessed with a dynamic coronary phantom with velocities equivalent to heart rates of 60–75 bpm. Both phantoms were scanned and reconstructed with four techniques. Last, scans of fifty patients were included and the Agatston calcium score was calculated for all four reconstruction techniques. FBP was used as a reference. In the phantom studies, all reconstruction techniques resulted in less detected small calcifications, up to 22%. No clinically relevant quantification changes occurred with different reconstruction techniques (less than 10%). In the patient study, the cardiovascular risk classification resulted, for all reconstruction techniques, in excellent agreement with the reference (κ = 0.96–0.97). However, MBIR resulted in significantly higher Agatston scores (61 (5.5–435.0) vs. 81.5 (9.25–435.0); p

We review 10 years of research published in the Strategic Management Journal (SMJ) and find the wide use of log-transformed dependent variables (LTDVs) to be based on statistical myths, with possible detrimental effects for the validity of research findings. We find that many researchers use LTDVs for the wrong reasons, and very often in a way that is misaligned with the hypothesis they intend to examine. Researchers also appear unaware of the severe shortcomings of LTDVs. Using LTDVs implies estimating an exponential model, which represents a non-linear relationship. We identify three myths that are widely followed by researchers: (1) LTDVs should be used to make distributions more normal; (2) linear hypotheses can be tested with LTDVs; and (3) LTDVs are the best way to estimate an exponential model. We call on researchers to exhibit caution when planning to use LTDVs and recommend instead the use of generalized linear models (GLMs) with quasi-maximum likelihood estimation. The superiority of GLMs is demonstrated by two empirical examples from recently published studies.

This paper studies fictitious play in networks of noncooperative two-person games. We show that continuous-time fictitious play converges to the set of Nash equilibria if the overall n-person game is zero-sum. Moreover, the rate of convergence is 1/T, regardless of the size of the network. In contrast, arbitrary n-person zero-sum games with bilinear payoff functions do not possess the continuous-time fictitious-play property. As extensions, we consider networks in which each bilateral game is either strategically zero-sum, a weighted potential game, or a two-by-two game. In those cases, convergence requires a condition on bilateral payoffs or, alternatively, that the network is acyclic. Our results hold also for the discrete-time variant of fictitious play, which implies, in particular, a generalization of Robinson's theorem to arbitrary zero-sum networks. Applications include security games, conflict networks, and decentralized wireless channel selection. Revised version, June 2019

This research paper discusses the shortcomings of the currently prevalent definition of multiplication, and according to this paper, the definition of Multiplication is not complete and has many Errors as it does not apply to all types of examples such as negative*negative Rather, the new definition given by us applies well to all examples and also defines the multiplication of negative numbers more efficiently than the current definition The correctness of this new definition means that we should not write 2*2=2+2, but in the new format, although in this example both definitions are correct, but in the example of negative numbers, only the new definition works. Therefore, whether it is positive or negative, the same definition and format should be used which is more perfect because in mathematics a definition will be considered complete only if it works in all types of example numbers and charge According to the mathematics of the Vedic period, multiplication is somewhat different from modern mathematics, and modern mathematics took the basics from ancient Indian mathematics but was not flawless. I found the real meaning of multiplication by doing deep research on Brahmagupta's Mathematics, Vedic Mathematics,Rashi vigyan, Brahmasiddhanta, Upanishads, Rigveda and other Ganit Shashtras Apart from this, we have also explained the correct definition of zero and its actual form which is mentioned in Indian Sanskrit texts.Through the real property and basic nature of zero, we have also given a new dimension to understand the basics of negative and positive number's operation

This study investigates the vibration power flow behavior and performance of inerter-based vibration isolators mounted on finite and infinite flexible beam structures. Two configurations of vibration isolators with spring, damper, and inerter as well as different rigidities of finite and infinite foundation structures are considered. Both the time-averaged power flow transmission and the force transmissibility are studied and used as indices to evaluate the isolation performance. Comparisons are made between the two proposed configurations of inerter-based isolators and the conventional spring-damper isolators to show potential performance benefits of including inerter for effective vibration isolation. It is shown that by configuring the inerter, spring, and damper in parallel in the isolator, anti-peaks are introduced in the time-averaged transmitted power and force transmissibility at specific frequencies such that the vibration transmission to the foundation can be greatly suppressed. When the inerter is connected in series with a spring-damper unit and then in-parallel with a spring, considerable improvement in vibration isolation can be achieved near the original peak frequency while maintaining good high-frequency isolation performance. The study provides better understanding of the effects of adding inerters to vibration isolators mounted on a flexible foundation, and benefits enhanced designs of inerter-based vibration suppression systems.

We report high-resolution single-crystal inelastic neutron scattering measurements on the spin-1/2 antiferromagnet Ba(TiO)Cu$_4$(PO$_4$)$_4$. This material is formed from layers of four-site \cupola" structures, oriented alternately upwards and downwards, which constitute a rather special realization of two-dimensional (2D) square-lattice magnetism. The strong Dzyaloshinskii-Moriya (DM) interaction within each cupola, or plaquette, unit has a geometry largely unexplored among the numerous studies of magnetic properties in 2D Heisenberg models with spin and spatial anisotropies. We have measured the magnetic excitations at zero field and in fields up to 5 T, finding a complex mode structure with multiple characteristic features that allow us to extract all the relevant magnetic interactions by modelling within the linear spin-wave approximation. We demonstrate that Ba(TiO)Cu$_4$(PO$_4$)$_4$ is a checkerboard system with almost equal intra- and inter-plaquette couplings, in which the intra-plaquette DM interaction is instrumental both in enforcing robust magnetic order and in opening a large gap at the Brillouin-zone center. We place our observations in the perspective of generalized phase diagrams for spin-1/2 square-lattice models and materials, where exploring anisotropies and frustration as routes to quantum disorder remains a frontier research problem., Comment: 13 pages, 8 figures

Made available in DSpace on 2022-04-28T19:48:55Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0 Previous issue date: 2021-12-01 This paper delineates the growth of Zero Budget Natural Farming (ZBNF) in India. From its origins as a peasant-led social movement in the state of Karnataka, to becoming institutionalized in a state program in Andhra Pradesh, ZBNF is attaining scale and reaching more and more peasant families. We look at some of the key factors that have triggered ZBNFs growth, as well as highlight some of the challenges and contradictions that may arise in the institutionalization process. El Colegio de la Frontera Sur (ECOSUR), Chiapas Profesor BPV-FUNCAP del Programa de Pós-Graduação em Sociologia (PPGS) Universidade Estadual do Ceará (UECE), CE Profesor Colaborador del Programa de Pós-Graduação em Desenvolvimento Territorial na América Latina e Caribe (TerritoriAL) Universidade Paulista (UNESP), SP Social Research Institute (CUSRI) Chulalongkorn University (Chula) Profesor Colaborador del Programa de Pós-Graduação em Desenvolvimento Territorial na América Latina e Caribe (TerritoriAL) Universidade Paulista (UNESP), SP

Funding Information: KSK and AB acknowledge funding by the UK Engineering and Physical Sciences Research Council (EPSRC) (EP/K014676/1). KSK also acknowledges Academy of Finland (Project number 310943). EK is grateful for the support by the FinnCERES Materials Bioeconomy Ecosystem. Funding Information: Open access funding provided by Aalto University. KSK and AB acknowledge funding by the UK Engineering and Physical Sciences Research Council (EPSRC) (EP/K014676/1). KSK also acknowledges Academy of Finland (Project number 310943). Publisher Copyright: © 2021, The Author(s). Copyright: Copyright 2021 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved. Cellulose nanopapers provide diverse, strong and lightweight templates prepared entirely from sustainable raw materials, cellulose nanofibers (CNFs). Yet the strength of CNFs has not been fully capitalized in the resulting nanopapers and the relative influence of CNF strength, their bonding, and biological origin to nanopaper strength are unknown. Here, we show that basic principles from paper physics can be applied to CNF nanopapers to illuminate those relationships. Importantly, it appeared that ~ 200 MPa was the theoretical maximum for nanopapers with random fibril orientation. Furthermore, we demonstrate the contrast in tensile strength for nanopapers prepared from bacterial cellulose (BC) and wood-based nanofibrillated cellulose (NFC). Endemic amorphous polysaccharides (hemicelluloses) in NFC act as matrix in NFC nanopapers, strengthening the bonding between CNFs just like it improves the bonding between CNFs in the primary cell wall of plants. The conclusions apply to all composites containing non-wovenfiber mats as reinforcement.

A laboratory study was conducted to determine sodium desorption behavior from exchange positions of soil solid phase because of a quiet water flow. Using sulfuric water collected from a sulfuric spring and a chlorine water from Tigris river. The flow was through two disturbed soil columns. Soils were sampled from Fadhlia and Hamdania locations in Nineveh province/ northern Iraq. Waters flow were persisted for 240 minutes with 4 cm highness over soils surface was maintained. Leachates were collected every 10 minutes for a total ten extracts which analyzed for Na+. Three mathematical kinetic description were considered as an accumulative soluble Na+, Na+ expressed by SAR and ESP concepts , sequences as parabolic diffusion, zero order, 1st order, Elovitch and power function (poly ordered) models were applied. Mathematical descriptions revealed succession of 1st order and power function models. Na+ desorption coefficient rate values by 1st order model were ranged from 96 ×10-3 - 185 × 10-3 minute for chlorine water, for sulfuric water were from 10 ×10-3 - 34×10-3 minute for both locations respectively, while desorption coefficient rate values according to power function model were 686 ×10-3 , 683×10-3 , 634×10-3 mg.kg-1.min..-1 respectively. Results referred also that Na+ desorption coefficient rate values was proportionally increased with waters ionic strength.

Zero provides a challenge for philosophers of mathematics with realist inclinations. On the one hand it is a bona fide cardinal number, yet on the other it is linked to ideas of nothingness and non-being. This paper provides an analysis of the epistemology and metaphysics of zero. We develop several constraints and then argue that a satisfactory account of zero can be obtained by integrating (1) an account of numbers as properties of collections, (2) work on the philosophy of absences, and (3) recent work in numerical cognition and ontogenetic studies. published

Pre-Columbian Mesoamerica was a fertile crescent for the development of number systems. A form of vigesimal system seems to have been present from the first Olmec civilization onwards, to which succeeding peoples made contributions. We discuss the Maya use of the representational redundancy present in their Long Count calendar, a non-power positional number representation system with multipliers 1, 20, 18 × 20, …, 18 × 20n. We demonstrate that the Mesoamericans did not need to invent positional notation and discover zero at the same time because they were not afraid of using a number system in which the same number can be written in different ways. A Long Count number system with digits from 0 to 20 is seen later to pass to one using digits 0 to 19, which leads us to propose that even earlier there may have been an initial zeroless bijective numeration system whose digits ran from 1 to 20. Mesoamerica was able to make this conceptual leap to the concept of a cardinal zero to perform arithmetic owing to a familiarity with multiple and redundant number representation systems., Zero; Maya; Pre-Columbian Mesoamerica; Number representation systems; Bijective numeration

Indeterminate forms are still a problem in mathematics. However, as long as we are authorized to rely on certain mathematical rules, we may approach step by step even to cope with these mathematical issues.

Indeterminate forms are still a problem in mathematics. However, as long as we are authorized to rely on certain mathematical rules, we may approach step by step even to cope with these mathematical issues.

В статье рассмотрен вопрос о введении в экономическую информацию рациональных чисел: нуля и отрицательных чисел. Введение рациональных чисел в экономику необходимо только при автоматизированной технологии сбора экономической информации (ЭИ), обработки ЭИ, планирования экономически показателей, необходимости выполнения многочисленных ограничений на экономические параметры. Ручной способ лишен таких проверок и может использовать хоть комплексные числа. Необходимость введения рациональных чисел в экономическую информацию (ЭИ) определяется тем, что они существуют в реальности, а в бухгалтерский учет они не могут попасть ввиду их неопределенности. В результате, нереализованная продукция объектом экономического взаимодействия (ОЭВ) списывалась, в основном, на бюджет государства. Объем списания был не определен. Такая ситуация возникает при рассмотрении экономических операций, как унарных операций. В экономике существуют только бинарные экономические операции. В бинарной операции в счетах-фактурах прописывается организация, которая произвела и организация, которой поставила определенные наименования благ, количество в метрической системе по определенной цене. При бинарной экономической операции нереализованная экономическая продукция должна полностью ложиться на ОЭВ, который произвел или получил ее. В результате качество планирования в экономике возрастет, эффект затратного механизма, господствующий в СССР исчезнет и нереализованная продукция ляжет на конкретный ОЭВ в бинарной операции. Введение рациональных чисел в ЭИ позволяет рассматривать ЭИ, как группы по операции сложения. Групповые свойства ЭИ позволяют задавать экономике в автоматизированном режиме вопросы и получать на них в автоматизированном режиме ответы [1]. Применение теории групп к ЭИ открывает для экономики дополнительные возможности в скорости обработки структурированной ЭИ. Ключевые слова: Натуральные, рациональные числа, кванты экономического взаимодействия, группы по операции сложения, объекты экономического взаимодействия, нуль, отрицательные числа., The article deals with the introduction of rational numbers into economic information: zero and negative numbers. The introduction of rational numbers into the economy is necessary only with automated technology for collecting economic information (EI), processing EI, planning economic indicators, and the need to fulfill numerous restrictions on economic parameters. The manual method is devoid of such checks and can use complex numbers. The need to introduce rational numbers into economic information (EI) is determined by the fact that they exist in reality, and they cannot get into accounting due to their uncertainty. As a result, the unrealized products of the object of economic interaction were written off mainly to the state budget, while the amount of the write-off was not determined. This situation arises when examining economic operations as unary operations. In economics, there are only binary economic operations. In a binary operation, invoices specify the organization that produced and the organization that supplied certain names of goods, the quantity in the metric system at a certain price. In a binary economic operation, the unrealized economic output should fall entirely on the object of economic interaction that produced or received it. As a result, the quality of planning in the economy will increase, the effect of the cost mechanism prevailing in the USSR will disappear and unrealized products will fall on a specific object of economic interaction in a binary operation. The introduction of rational numbers into EI allows for considering EI as groups by addition. The group properties of the EI allow the economy to both ask questions and receive answers to them in automated mode [1]. The application of group theory to EI opens up additional opportunities for the economy in the processing speed of structured EI., Международный научно-исследовательский журнал, Выпуск 10 (112) 2021, Pages 156-160

Deaths from diseases related to/caused by overweight and obesity are one of the most common causes of death in the world. The main cause is the consumption of excess calories from processed food rich in unhealthy fats and added sugars. One type of food that is widely consumed is sugary soft drinks, which in Spain are the main source of added sugars. One option to reduce this source of added sugars, without giving up a sweet taste, is sweetened soft drinks. These have sweeteners, mostly synthetic, such as Aspartame, Acesulfame K, Cyclamate, Saccharin and/or Sucralose, or a mixture of these to take advantage of synergies between them. The health and safety of these additives has always been in doubt, which is why this work focuses on reviewing their safety. The objectives of this study focus on the safety of these sweeteners, their effects on the body, taking into account the dose effect and the daily consumption of zero drinks. Current information indicates that these 5 sweeteners are safe for health and the doses that are no longer safe are practically unattainable through regular consumption of zero, light or diet soft drinks. According to the references consulted, saccharin, sucralose and cyclamate alter the human intestinal microbiota even at doses below the ADI for each of them, while Acesulfame K could substantially alter glycaemia in humans at doses close to the ADI. The amounts of free sugar consumed in a single can of soft drink already have the amount necessary to exceed the maximum dose recommended by the WHO, but exceeding the minimum dose for the sweeteners in a zero drink to be unsafe is practically impossible with the daily consumption of zero, light or diet soft drinks. Les morts per malalties relacionades/procedents de l'excés de pes i de l'obesitat, són una de les causes més comuns de morts al món. Sent la principal causa el consum d'un excés de calories procedents del menjar processat ric en greixos no saludables i sucres afegits. Un tipus d'aliment molt consumits són els refrescos ensucrats, els quals a Espanya són la font principal de consum de sucres afegits. Una opció per reduir aquesta font de sucres afegits, sense renunciar a un sabor dolç a paladar, són els refrescos edulcorats. Els quals posseeixen edulcorants, en la seva gran majoria sintètics, com poden ser (Aspartamo, Acesulfame K, ciclamat, Sacarina i/o sucralosa) o una barreja d'aquests per aprofitar sinergies entre ells. La salubritat i seguretat d'aquests additius sempre ha estat posada en dubte, és per això que aquest treball es centra en la revisió sobre la salubritat i seguretat dels mateixos. I els objectius d'aquest es centren en; conèixer la salubritat d'aquests edulcorants, els seus efectes en l'organisme, tenint en compte l'efecte dosi i el consum diari de begudes zero. La informació actual ens indica que aquests 5 edulcorants són segurs per a la salut i les dosis que deixen de ser segures són pràcticament incansables a través del consum habitual de refrescos zero, light o diet. Segons les referències consultades la sacarina, sucralosa i ciclamat, alteren la microbiota intestinal humana fins i tot a dosis inferiors a l'IDA de cadascun d'ells, mentre que el Acesulfame K podria alterar substancialment la glucèmia en humans en dosis properes a la seva IDA. Les quantitats de sucre lliure consumida en 1 sola llauna de refresc ja posseeixen la quantitat necessària per superar la dosi màxima recomanada per l'OMS, però superar la dosi mínima perquè el / s edulcorants que posseeix una beguda zero deixessin de ser segurs, és pràcticament impossible amb el consum diari de refrescos zero, light o diet. Las muertes por enfermedades relacionadas/procedentes del sobrepeso y de la obesidad, son una de las causas más comunes de muertes en el mundo. Siendo la principal causa el consumo de un exceso de calorías procedentes de la comida procesada rica en grasas no saludables y azucares añadidos. Un tipo de alimento muy consumidos son los refrescos azucarados, los cuales en España son la fuente principal de consumo de azucares añadidos. Una opción para reducir esta fuente de azucares añadidos, sin renunciar a un sabor dulce al paladar, son los refrescos edulcorados. Los cuales poseen edulcorantes, en su gran mayoría sintéticos, como pueden ser (Aspartamo, Acesulfame K, Ciclamato, Sacarina y/o sucralosa) o una mezcla de estos para aprovechar sinergias entre ellos. La salubridad y seguridad de estos aditivos siempre ha estado puesta en duda, es por ello que este trabajo se centra en la revisión sobre la salubridad de los mismos. Y los objetivos de este se centran en; conocer la salubridad de estos edulcorantes, sus efectos en el organismo, teniendo en cuenta el efecto dosis y el consumo diario de bebidas zero. La información actual nos indica que estos 5 edulcorantes son seguros para la salud y las dosis que dejan de ser seguras son prácticamente inalcanzables a través del consumo habitual de refrescos zero, light o diet. Según las referencias consultadas la sacarina, sucralosa y ciclamato, alteran la microbiota intestinal humana incluso a dosis inferiores a la IDA de cada una de ellos mientras que el Acesulfame K podría alterar sustancialmente la glucemia en humanos en dosis cercanas a su IDA. Las cantidades de azúcar libre consumida en 1 sola lata de refresco ya poseen la cantidad necesaria para superar la dosis máxima recomendada por la OMS, pero superar la dosis mínima para que el/los edulcorantes que posee una bebida zero dejasen de ser seguros, es prácticamente imposible con el consumo diario de refrescos zero, light o diet. Objectius de Desenvolupament Sostenible::3 - Salut i Benestar

Intermittent rivers are prevalent in many countries across Europe, but little is known about the temporal evolution of intermittence and its relationship with climate variability. Trend analysis of the annual and seasonal number of zero-flow days, the maximum duration of dry spells and the mean date of the zero-flow events is performed on a database of 452 rivers with varying degrees of intermittence between 1970 and 2010. The relationships between flow intermittence and climate are investigated using the standardized precipitation evapotranspiration index (SPEI) and climate indices describing large-scale atmospheric circulation. The results indicate a strong spatial variability of the seasonal patterns of intermittence and the annual and seasonal number of zero-flow days, highlighting the controls exerted by local catchment properties. Most of the detected trends indicate an increasing number of zero-flow days, which also tend to occur earlier in the year, particularly in southern Europe. The SPEI is found to be strongly related to the annual and seasonal zero-flow day occurrence in more than half of the stations for different accumulation times between 12 and 24 months. Conversely, there is a weaker dependence of river intermittence with large-scale circulation indices. Overall, these results suggest increased water stress in intermittent rivers that may affect their biota and biochemistry and also reduce available water resources., This research is part of the COST action CA15113 SMIRES, Science and Management of Intermittent Rivers and Ephemeral Streams https://www.smires.eu/, a short-term scientific mission that has been funded for Agnieszka Rutkowska. Agnieszka Rutkowska was also supported by the Ministry of Science and Higher Education of the Republic of Poland (grant DS 3371). The different data providers are gratefully acknowledged. Some of the station data were retrieved from the Global Runoff Data Centre (56068 Koblenz, Germany) and from the HyMeX programme database. The authors would like to thank two anonymous reviewers, Kendra Kaiser and the Associate Editor, Stephanie Kampf, for their constructive comments.

Aim This study explores the association between Coronary Artery Calcium (CAC) scores and dental pathology such as missing teeth, the (peri-apical) health status and restoration grade of the teeth, and the grade of alveolar bone loss seen on a dental panoramic radiograph (Orthopantomograph–OPG). Materials and methods In this retrospective cross-sectional study, data was collected from three hospitals spread in the Netherlands. Patients were included when a CAC score and an OPG were available, both recorded within a maximum period of 365 days from 2009–2017. The CAC score was measured on a CT scan, using the Agatston method. To assess dental pathology, the number of missing teeth, the number of dental implants, alveolar bone loss, caries, endodontic treatments, peri-apical radiolucencies, bone loss at implants, impacted teeth and dental cysts, were determined on the OPG. All observers were calibrated. The electronic health records provided information about: gender, age, smoking, Diabetes Mellitus, hypercholesterolemia, hypertension and Body Mass Index (BMI). Results 212 patients were included. We found a statistically significant association between the number of missing teeth and the CAC score. When modeling age, sex, and other well-known risk factors for cardiovascular disease, the significant correlation was no longer present after multivariate correction. Furthermore, the results showed a trend for more teeth with peri-apical lesions and a higher percentage of mean alveolar bone loss in the group with the highest CAC scores. Conclusion This study showed that being edentulous or missing teeth is correlated to higher CAC scores however failed to be an independent predictor of atherosclerotic cardiovascular diseases. The number of (missing) teeth is an easily accessible marker and could be used as a marker for atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (ACVD) risk by almost any healthcare worker. The current study needs to be considered as an explorative pilot study and could contribute to the design of further (prospective) studies on the relationship between dental pathology and coronary artery calcification by adding clinical information and extra cardiovascular biomarkers.

Zero divided by zero does not equal zero.

This article aims to investigate the understanding of future teachers of a Mathematics Degree course on the operative constraints on multiplication and division in which zero is involved. For this, semi-structured interviews were conducted with six possible graduates of a mathematics undergraduate course located in the State of Bahia. Methodologically, this work fits into the qualitative perspective. After analyzing the data, it was found that undergraduates in mathematics in the final phase of the course have difficulties to explain certain “whys” about arithmetic constraints of zero in multiplication and division operations. Thus, the need for the future mathematics teacher to better explore and appropriate this knowledge, even in initial education, considering its importance in the school context. Este artigo objetiva investigar a compreensão de futuros docentes de um curso de Licenciatura em Matemática sobre as restrições operatórias na multiplicação e divisão nas quais o zero está envolvido. Para isso, foram realizadas entrevistas semiestruturadas com seis possíveis formandos de um curso de Licenciatura em Matemática, localizado no Estado da Bahia. Metodologicamente, este trabalho insere-se na perspectiva qualitativa. Constatou-se, após a análise dos dados, que os licenciandos em Matemática em fase final do curso apresentam dificuldades de explicar determinados “porquês” sobre as restrições aritméticas do zero nas operações da multiplicação e divisão. Vê-se, assim, que há a necessidade de o futuro professor de Matemática melhor explorar e se apropriar desse conhecimento, ainda na formação inicial, dada a sua importância no contexto escolar.

This study aims to analyze the representation of memory, trauma, and fragmentation in the novels Zero (1975), by Ignácio de Loyola Brandão, and Em câmara lenta (1977), by Renato Tapajós, written during the Brazilian Military Dictatorship (1964-1985). The study is justi-fied because, due to the censorship imposed by the military regime, there was a ban on data and documents that stimulate the understanding of this period by researchers in the area of Human Sciences. Because of this, there is a constant need to understand the possible rela-tionships between memory, trauma, and form in novels that represented the historical period in question, characterized by authoritarianism. The novels Zero and Em câmara lenta ex-emplify, through theme and fragmented form, the traumatic impact that violence had during this period of history. Despite having distinct structures, fragmentation appears in the for-mal composition of Zero and Em câmara lenta as an attempt to represent the chaotic reality of the dictatorial period and to show the traumatic impact caused by authoritarian practices of repression and especially torture. By returning to this subject through these novels, this research enables an understanding of the society of the time from the analysis of thematic and formal strategies employed in narratives allied to the social functions of books. In add-tion, the reflections presented in this work through the comparative analysis of the novels provide a reflection on the relationship between trauma, memory, and fragmentation present in the works, proving that these books can be mechanisms of denunciation of dictatorial history. Thinking about the violence of dictatorship and how it was represented in some literary works leads to a possible understanding of the processes of constitution of the coun-try so that the practices of authoritarianism and violence should not be repeated at the pre-sent moment. To support this approach, we sought support from authors such as Sigmund Freud, Walter Benjamin, Dori Laub, Nestor Braunstein, Marcio Seligmann-Silva, Jaime Ginzburg, Regina Dalcastagnè, and Tania Pellegrini. Este trabalho visa à análise da representação da memória, do trauma e da fragmentação nos romances Zero (1975), de Ignácio de Loyola Brandão, e Em câmara lenta (1977), de Renato Tapajós, escritos durante a Ditadura Militar brasileira (1964-1985). O estudo se justifica porque, devido à censura imposta pelo regime militar então em curso, houve limitações de dados e de documentos que estimulassem a compreensão desse período por parte dos pes-quisadores na área das Ciências Humanas. Em virtude disso, há uma necessidade constante de compreensão das possíveis relações entre memória, trauma e forma em obras que repre-sentam o período histórico em questão, caracterizado pelo autoritarismo. Os romances Zero e Em câmara lenta exemplificam, através do tema e da forma fragmentada, o impacto trau-mático que a violência causou durante esse período da história. Apesar de terem estruturas distintas, a fragmentação aparece na composição formal de Zero e Em câmara lenta como uma tentativa de representar a realidade caótica do período ditatorial e mostrar o impacto traumático causado pelas práticas autoritárias de repressão e, principalmente, da tortura. Ao retomar esse assunto por meio desses romances, esta pesquisa possibilita uma compreensão sobre a sociedade da época a partir da análise das estratégias temáticas e formais emprega-das nas narrativas aliadas à função social dos livros. Além disso, as reflexões apresentadas neste trabalho por meio da análise comparatista dos romances proporcionam a reflexão so-bre a relação entre o trauma, a memória e a fragmentação presentes nas obras, comprovando que esses livros podem ser mecanismos de denúncia da história ditatorial. Pensar sobre a violência da ditadura e a forma como foi representada em algumas obras literárias leva a uma possível compreensão dos processos de constituição do país de modo que as práticas de autoritarismo e de violência não devam ser repetidas no momento presente. Para o embasa-mento dessa abordagem, buscou-se respaldo em autores como Sigmund Freud, Walter Ben-jamin, Dori Laub, Néstor Braunstein Márcio Seligmann-Silva, Jaime Ginzburg, Regina Dal-castagnè e Tânia Pellegrini.

The question whether human beings process empty sets as zero has received little research attention. In this study, we used the distance and end effects as indicators for treating empty sets as a numerical entity that represents an absence of quantity. In a series of experiments, participants performed a magnitude comparison task. They were presented with empty sets and other numerosities from 1 to 9, presented as dot arrays. We manipulated task instructions relevant to the target (i.e., “choose the target that contains more/less dots” in Experiment 1) or the given numerical range mentioned in the instructions (i.e., 0–9 or 1–9 in Experiment 2) to create conditions in which an empty set would be perceived as the smallest value of the experimental numerical range. The results revealed distance effects for comparisons to empty sets, irrespective of task instructions. In Experiment 3, we manipulated the response mode. Two groups of participants responded to target location, one group with a key-press and the other vocally, while the third group responded vocally to target color. The results revealed distance effects for comparisons to empty sets only when responding to target location, regardless of the response mode, indicating that spatial features should be primed in order to perceive an empty set as a numerical entity. These findings show that perceiving an empty set as nothing or as zero depends on the context in which it is presented.

By tuning the tolerance factor, \(t\), of the Ruddlesden–Popper oxide Ca\(_2\)MnO\(_4\) through isovalent substitutions, we show that the uniaxial coefficient of linear thermal expansion (CLTE) of these systems can be systematically changed through large negative to positive values. Highresolution X-ray diffraction measurements show that the magnitude of uniaxial negative thermal expansion (NTE) increases as \(t\) decreases across the stability window of the NTE phase. Transitions to phases with positive thermal expansion (PTE) are found to occur at both the high-\(t\) and low-\(t\) limits of stability. First-principles calculations demonstrate that reducing \(t\) enhances the contribution to thermal expansion from the lowest frequency phonons, which have the character of octahedral tilts and have negative mode Gruneisen parameter components along the NTE axis. By tuning \(t\) to the lower edge of the NTE phase stability window, we are hence able to maximise the amplitudes of these vibrations and thereby maximise NTE with a CLTE of -8.1 ppm/K at 125 K. We also illustrate, at the other end of the phase diagram, that an enhancement in compliance of these materials associated with the rotational instability provides another mechanism by which NTE could be yet further enhanced in this and related systems.

Skateboards have been around since at least the 1950’s, and skateboarding is most commonly knownas an extreme sport. However, skateboards can be very useful when commuting as they have continued to evolve since the 1950’s, not quite in to the hover board that Marty McFly rides on in Back to the Future, but in to skateboards equipped with electric motors that propels them forward. Electric skateboards, as they are called, are one of the vehicle types that are changing the way humans move around cities. Vehicles that are needed in order to fulfill present and future commuting needs. However, electric skateboards have not yet reached their full potential, especially regarding how their speed is controlled. Current speed control systems gives a riding experience that feels unnatural compared to riding a regular skateboard, and improving upon them can potentially make electric skateboards even safer to ride. In this thesis, an active style of riding, like skateboarding, is compared to the reactive style of riding that is provided by the speed control systems existent in electric skateboards today. The thesis presents a speed control system that utilizes an active style of riding, and the concept is tested by the development of a pedobarography system that can read the interaction between the riders feet and the skateboard deck.

Importance: The diagnostic value is unclear of a 0 coronary artery calcium (CAC) score to rule out obstructive coronary artery disease (CAD) and near-term clinical events across different age groups.Objective: To assess the diagnostic value of a CAC score of 0 for reducing the likelihood of obstructive CAD and to assess the implications of such a CAC score and obstructive CAD across different age groups.Design, Setting, and Participants: This cohort study obtained data from the Western Denmark Heart Registry and had a median follow-up time of 4.3 years. Included patients were aged 18 years or older who underwent computed tomography angiography (CTA) between January 1, 2008, and December 31, 2017, because of symptoms that were suggestive of CAD. Data analysis was performed from April 5 to July 7, 2021.Exposures: Obstructive CAD, which was defined as 50% or more luminal stenosis.Main Outcomes and Measures: Proportion of individuals with obstructive CAD who had a CAC score of 0. Risk-adjusted diagnostic likelihood ratios were used to assess the diagnostic value of a CAC score of 0 for reducing the likelihood of obstructive CAD beyond clinical variables. Risk factors associated with myocardial infarction and death were estimated.Results: A total of 23 759 symptomatic patients, of whom 12 771 (54%) had a CAC score of 0, were included. This cohort had a median (IQR) age of 58 (49-65) years and was primarily composed of women (13 160 [55%]). Overall, the prevalence of obstructive CAD was relatively low across all age groups, ranging from 3% (39 of 1278 patients) in those who were younger than 40 years to 8% (52 of 619) among those who were 70 years or older. In patients with obstructive CAD, 14% (725 of 5043) had a CAC score of 0, and the prevalence varied across age groups from 58% (39 of 68) among those who were younger than 40 years, 34% (192 of 562) among those aged 40 to 49 years, 18% (268 of 1486) among those aged 50 to 59 years, 9% (174 of 1963) among those aged 60 to 69 years, to 5% (52 of 964) among those who were 70 years or older. The added diagnostic value of a CAC score of 0 decreased at a younger age, with a risk factor-adjusted diagnostic likelihood ratio of a CAC score of 0 ranging from 0.68 (approximately 32% lower likelihood of obstructive CAD than expected) in those who were younger than 40 years to 0.18 (approximately 82% lower likelihood than expected) in those who were 70 years or older. The presence of obstructive vs nonobstructive CAD among those with a CAC score of 0 was associated with a multivariable adjusted hazard ratio of 1.51 (95% CI, 0.98-2.33) for myocardial infarction and all-cause death; however, this hazard ratio varied from 1.80 (95% CI, 1.02-3.19) in those who were younger than 60 years to 1.24 (95% CI, 0.64-2.39) in those who were 60 years or older.Conclusions and Relevance: This cohort study found that the diagnostic value of a CAC score of 0 to rule out obstructive CAD beyond clinical variables was dependent on age, with the added diagnostic value being smaller for younger patients. In symptomatic patients who were younger than 60 years, a sizable proportion of obstructive CAD occurred among those without CAC and was associated with an increased risk of myocardial infarction and all-cause death.

In the paper, the authors find the sum of the Lah numbers and make sure that the Kummer confluent hypergeometric function 1F1(n+ 1; 2; z) has only n− 1real and negative zeros.

We describe the structure of Hausdorff locally compact semitopological O-bisimple inverse ω- semigroups with compact maximal subgroups. In particular, we show that a Hausdorff locally compact semitopological O-bisimple inverse ω-semigroup with a compact maximal subgroup is either compact or it is a topological sum of its H-classes. We describe the structure of Hausdorff locally compact semitopological O-bisimple inverse ω-semigroups with a monothetic maximal subgroups. We show the following dichotomy: a T1 locally compact semitopological Reilly semigroup (B(Z+, θ)0, τ) over the additive group of integers Z+, with adjoined zero and with a non-annihilating homomorphism is either compact or discrete. At the end we establish some properties of the remainder of the closure of the discrete Reilly semigroup B(Z+, θ) in a semitopological semigroup.

A crucial step in the control of a weakly damped high precision motion system is having an accurate dynamic model of the system from actuators to sensors and to the unmeasured performance variables. A (reduced) Finite Element (FE) model may be a good candidate apart from the fact that it often does not sufficiently match with the real system especially when it comes to machine-to-machine variation. To improve the dynamic properties of the FE model toward the dynamic properties of a specific machine, an Iterative Pole–Zero (IPZ) model updating procedure is used that updates numerical poles and zeros of Frequency Response Functions (FRFs) toward measured poles and zeros, which can be extracted from the measured FRFs. It is assumed that in a practical situation, the model (physical) parameters that cause discrepancy with the real structure are unknown. Therefore, the updating parameters will be the eigenvalues of the stiffness and/or damping (sub)matrix. In this paper, an IPZ model updating is introduced which combines the sensitivity functions of both poles and zeros (with respect to the corresponding updating parameters) together with the cross sensitivity functions between poles and zeros. The procedure is verified first using simulated experiments of a pinned-sliding beam structure and then using non-collocated FRF measurement results from a cantilever beam setup.

Many studies on the deployment of and investment in renewable energy (RE) technologies have focused on job creation associated with energy production at the macroeconomic level and across renewable energy technologies. We propose another perspective, the use of solar photovoltaic (PV) technology to attain a nearly zero-energy building (nZEB) class. The aim of this research is to investigate the costs and benefits for private and public entities when constructing nZEB or adopting nZEB policies. A quantitative research approach is taken when modelling required PV capacities, net present cash flows, subsidies, and job generation. Findings show that at current electricity tariffs and solar PV system capacities and production levels, single family houses, apartment buildings, and other building types require 0.044 €/kWh, 0.037 €/kWh, and 0.024 €/kWh, respectively, in government subsidies on energy sold back to the grid. Office buildings were profitable without the subsidy. In this study, we argue that investments in RE, specifically, PV technology, will bring in approximately 2.1 M€ of additional revenue to the Estonian government over a 20 years period as tax return overruns subsidies. However, nZEB investments are expected to become cost-optimal without subsidies, due to the increasing efficiency and decreasing costs of PV systems.

[ES] El proyecto se centra en el diseño de componentes mecánicos de una celda automática robotizada, desarrollada para una empresa del sector automovilístico. Dicha celda desempeña la función de colocación y apriete inicial, conocido también como apuntado de tornillos. El proceso que realiza la celda a diseñar es el siguiente: Un operario/máquina externa vuelca un set de tornillos en una tolva, esta forma parte de un alimentador de tornillos, que los discretiza y guía de forma ordenada y constante hasta el presentador de tornillos. El presentador es una máquina que permite el flujo de tornillos entre alimentador y conjunto robot, posibilitando repetibilidad en la cogida dentro del tiempo de ciclo, asimismo permitiendo la cogida simultánea de tornillos por un atornillador. El conjunto robot se compone de dos atornilladores neumáticos unidos con un manipulador al robot colaborativo. El robot realiza cogidas en lotes de dos tornillos del presentador y posteriormente, ejecuta la secuencia programada de apuntado en el producto de la línea de montaje. El producto se va moviendo por un conveyor con una serie de paros programados, donde en uno de estos se encuentra la estación automatizada en cuestión. El alcance de este proyecto es el diseño mecánico para los componentes relacionados con el conjunto alimentador ¿ presentador de tornillos ¿ robot. Dentro del alcance entra la selección de los comerciales y el diseño mecánico de los elementos custom en los conjuntos anteriormente mencionados. A continuación, se enumeran los componentes de los conjuntos seleccionados: 1. Un robot colaborativo a. Peana ¿ Diseño custom b. Manipulador/Tooling ¿ Diseño custom + comercial c. Escáner de seguridad ¿ Comercial + diseño custom 2. Dos conjuntos para atornillado neumáticos ¿ Elección de comercial 3. Un alimentador de tornillos ¿ Elección de comercial 4. Un presentador de tornillos ¿ Diseño custom Remarcar que un atornillador neumático no puede hacer una búsqueda de cabeza de tornillo, esto implica que debe ser el presentador de tornillos el que encaje o fije los tornillos en los atornilladores, mientras que estos permanecen en una posición fija. Este es el desafío del proyecto., [EN] The project focuses on the design of mechanical components of a robotic automatic cell, developed for a company of the automotive sector. Said cell performs the function of initial positioning and tightening, also known as bolt zero torque. The process performed by the cell to be designed is the following: An operator/external machine overturns a set of screws in a hopper, this forms part of a screw feeder, which discretizes and guides them in an orderly and constant manner to the screw presenter. The presenter is a machine that allows the flow of screws between feeder and robot assembly, allowing repeatability in the catch within the cycle time, also allowing the simultaneous catching of screws by a screwdriver. The robot set consists of two pneumatic screwdrivers attached with a manipulator to the collaborative robot. The robot performs catches in batches of two screws of the presenter and then executes the programmed sequence of zero torque at the product of the assembly line. The product is moved by a conveyor with a series of programmed stoppages, where one of these is the automated station in question. The scope of this project is the mechanical design for the components related to the feeder set - screw presenter - robot. The selection of commercials and the mechanical design of the custom elements in the aforementioned assemblies are within the scope. The components of the selected sets are listed below: 1. A collaborative robot a. Robot stand ¿ Custom design b. Manipulator/Tooling ¿ Custom design + commercial c. Safety scanner ¿ Commercial + custom design 2. Two pneumatic screwdrivers ¿ Commercial choice 3. A screw feeder ¿ Commercial choice 4. A screw presenter ¿ Custom design To remark that a pneumatic screwdriver can not do a screw head search, this implies that it must be the screw presenter that fits or fixes the screws in the screwdrivers, while these remain in a fixed position. This is the challenge of the project., [CA] El present Treball de Final de Màster Universitari en Enginyeria Industrial, forma part d'un dels projectes realitzats durant el meu conveni de pràctiques en l'empresa “AUTIS Ingenieros”. El projecte en qüestió es centra en el disseny de components mecànics d'una cel·la automàtica robotitzada, desenvolupada per a una empresa del sector automobilístic. Aquesta cel·la exerceix la funció de col·locació i estrenya inicial, conegut també com apuntat de caragols (tornillos). El procés que realitza la cel·la a dissenyar és el següent: Un operari/màquina externa bolca un set de caragols en una tremuja, aquesta forma part d'un alimentador de caragols, que els discretitza i els guia de forma ordenada i constant fins al presentador de caragols. El presentador és una màquina que permet el flux de caragols entre alimentador i conjunt robot, possibilitant repetibilitat en l'agafada dins del temps de cicle, així mateix permetent l'agafada simultània de caragols per un tornavís. El conjunt robot es compon de dos tornavisos neumàtics units amb un manipulador al robot col·laboratiu. El robot realitza agafades en lots de dos caragols del presentador i posteriorment, executa la seqüència programada d'apuntat en el producte de la línia de muntatge. El producte es va movent per un conveyor amb una sèrie d'aturs programats, on en un d'aquests es troba l'estació automatitzada en qüestió. L'abast d'aquest projecte és el disseny mecànic per als components relacionats amb el conjunt alimentador – presentador de caragols – robot. Dins de l'abast entra la selecció dels comercials i el disseny mecànic dels elements custom en els conjunts anteriorment esmentats. A continuació, s'enumeren els components dels conjunts seleccionats: 1. Un robot col·laboratiu a. Peanya – Disseny custom b. Manipulador/Tooling – Disseny custom + comercial c. Escàner de seguretat – Comercial + disseny custom 2. Dos conjunts per a caragolat neumàtics – Elecció de comercial 3. Un alimentador de caragols – Elecció de comercial 4. Un presentador de caragols – Disseny custom Remarcar que un tornavís neumàtic no pot realitzar una cerca del cap de caragol, això implica que ha de ser el presentador de caragols el que encaix o fixe els caragols en els tornavisos, mentre que aquests romanen en una posició fixa. Aquest és el desafiament del projecte.

Rapidly increasing global energy demand has raised concerns about the exhaustion of energy resources and the consequent heavy environmental impact. Improving energy efficiency in cities comprises an initial measure for addressing these phenomena. Within the current context of globalization, EU initiatives and policy targets have been proposed in order to revise urban development strategies and motivate its member states (MSes) toward &ldquo, zero-energy objectives&rdquo, Providing a methodological approach with a simulation district analysis, the present article summarizes how this challenge was analyzed in an existing district in Belgium. This study contributes to the scientific discussion by analyzing the applicability of a holistic approach to zero-energy objectives on a larger scale.

Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES) Since Zero (1975, Ignácio de Loyola Brandão) and A festa (1976, Ivan Ângelo) were published, the criticism about these works, in general, has analyzed them as experimental novels, justifying this experimental feature due to the context from which they have emerged, the Brazilian military dictatorship. It means, in short, that criticism focus on their fragmentary aspect and their multiplicity of point of views enclosed by them as a direct consequence (of the chaos) of conjuncture that they portray. However, aiming to illuminate another point of this discussion about the relationship between these novels and real that they evoke, through the review of the criticism’s monophony, this research, considering authoritarian regime as an intensifier of their aesthetic work, takes for hypothesis that such novels’ form are legatee of Representational Crisis from the end of nineteenth century. Thus, if we consider Brandão (2005), Bakhtin (2010) and Luiz Costa Lima (2009) theories together, we take into account that the novel is a protean genre (constituted by the contact with other textual and discursive genres) which centralizes mimesis and, hence, fiction issues. Thereby, because its metamorphic character, novel was transformed through time, until 19th century, inside a Western thinking paradigm – which has been consolidated, with variations – essentially metaphysic or substantialist that goes into crises at the turn of the 20th century, transforming the understanding of the relationship between Subject-Reality-Truth. This update, based on Pellegrini (2007;2009) and Lima (2003;2014), in literary terms, culminated on “representational crises” and “mimesis reconsideration”, causing a recomprehention of literary categories, especially narrative, as a consequence of the new conception of the Subject seen as a fractured catalytic prism of a real that turns polyhedral, subjetctly constructed from the way each individual (through his/her history) apprehends it, of which time is disruptive and space heterogeneous or disorded. Materially, it accrues from that refracted aesthetic, a set of aesthetic-representational techniques in accordance with the idea of plurality of faces and versions of the real and proportional to the diversity of ways of apprehending it. Therefore, Zero and A festa are novels with a form (without a center and with an absent center, respectively) intensified by the dictatorial conjuncture, but of an earlier origin, which goes back to the changes brought to literature, to the narrative in particular, by the critical-problematic consciousness about the relativity of concepts as real, truth, subject and representation. Desde a publicação de Zero (1975, Ignácio de Loyola Brandão) e A festa (1976, Ivan Ângelo), a crítica sobre tais obras, de maneira geral, as analisou como romances experimentais, justificando sua forma em razão do contexto de que emergiram: a ditadura militar brasileira. Ou seja, diz, em suma, de seu aspecto fragmentário e da multiplicidade de pontos de vista que encerram como consequência direta (do caos) da conjuntura que retratam. Com o objetivo, porém, de iluminar outro ponto de discussão sobre a relação desses romances com o real que evocam, pela revisão da monofonia da crítica, o presente trabalho, considerando o período um intensificador de sua elaboração estética, toma por hipótese que sua forma é, antes, legatária da crise da representação realista do século XIX. Assim, somando as teorias de Brandão (2005), Bakhtin (2010) e Luiz Costa Lima (2009), temos em conta que o romance é um gênero constituído pelo contato com outros gêneros textuais ou discursivos e proteiforme, que centraliza a questão da mímesis e, por conseguinte, da ficção. Sendo assim, dado seu caráter metamórfico, o gênero transformou-se ao longo do tempo, até o século XIX, dentro de um paradigma – que foi se consolidando, com variações – do pensamento ocidental essencialmente metafísico ou substancialista que entra em crise na virada para o século XX, atualizando o modo de se compreender as relações entre sujeito-realidade-verdade. Essa atualização, com base em Pellegrini (2007;2009) e Costa Lima (2003;2014), em termos literários, culminou na “crise da representação” e na “reconsideração da mímesis”, resultando na recompreensão das categorias literárias, especialmente narrativas, como consequência das novas concepções de sujeito, fraturado, catalisador e prisma de um real, poliédrico, subjetivamente construído a partir do modo como cada indivíduo (por meio de sua história) o apreende, cujo tempo é disruptivo e o espaço heterogêneo, desordenado. Materialmente, disso decorre uma estética refratada, um conjunto de técnicas estético-representacionais em consonância com a ideia de pluralidade das faces e versões do real e proporcionais à diversidade de modos de apreendê-lo. Zero e A festa, portanto, romances emersos da conjuntura ditatorial, tem sua forma (ausente de centro e de centro ausente, respectivamente) intensificada por ela, mas de origem anterior, que remonta às mudanças levadas à literatura, à narrativa em especial, pela consciência crítico-problemática acerca da relatividade de conceitos como real, verdade, sujeito e representação. Capes: 1692060

Children's intuitive understanding of numbers begins early in life, and their numbers-related knowledge influences instructors' teaching practices. The number zero is more difficult to teach and learn than other numbers. The purpose of this study was to investigate how preschool teachers perceive the number zero and design their teaching practices for it. The participants in this case study were selected through convenience sampling. The findings indicated that the majority of the participating preschool teachers perceived the number zero as a symbol and considered children's age while developing teaching practices.

Defining $s_n(z)$ to be the $n$th degree Taylor polynomial at 0 for the exponential function, we employ methods from complex analysis to study the limiting behavior of the zero distribution of polynomials in the sequence $As_{an}(\alpha nz) + Bs_{bn}(\beta nz)$ as $n \to \infty$. Invariably the zero distribution approaches one or more fixed piecewise smooth curves in the complex plane which we call the ``zero attractor'' of the sequence. Also we determine the zero attractor of the sequence $T_n(z)-z^{\ell n}$ for fixed integer $\ell \ge 2$ and $n$th degree Chebyshev polynomial of the first kind $T_n(z)$.

This thesis didactically maps and describes new didactical mathematic environment and the possibilities of its application in teaching in the first grade of primary education. In this thesis I describe the process of an experiment conducted with pupils of the 1st - 5th year of elementary school, with whom I have tried and verified a series of new environment exercises. Based on the reflection of this experiment, and the analysis of pupils' solutions, I formulated a final version of these exercises. I led the process of the whole experiment in line with the constructivist educational style. In the theory part, I am mentioning the important terms of mathematics and its didactics, that are necessary for the purposes of this thesis, and that I refer to the relevant professional literature. This thesis also contains the analysis of chosen textbook collections that are related to its topic. The last part of this thesis is the final and complete series of exercises useful for teaching mathematics in the 1st grade of elementary school, especially if the teacher aims to purposefully develop the pupils' understanding of the terminology and relations from the mathematical areas of analytic geometry, functions and sequences.

El artículo pretende aproximarse a la obra teórica y pictórica de Kazimir Malévich en la medida que, para el artista de Kiev, los límites entre pintar, escribir, pensar y ser resultan realmente difusos. Sin que esta relación tuviera por qué ser natural o evidente, en Malévich encontramos que pintura y pensamiento, creación artística y reflexión filosófica no se oponen, ya que estos procesos son fruto de la actividad creadora del ser humano y comparten la no objetividad. A partir de aquí, Malévich desarrolla toda una investigación alrededor de la representación y la mímesis en el arte que desembocará en una defensa radical de la abstracción. Para ello, se asume completamente el gesto vanguardista y revolucionario, y la destrucción se convierte en algo fundamental para seguir creando. Por ese motivo, para el artista de Kiev, el cero deviene el eje de su proyecto suprematista, esa desnudez de los desiertos a partir de la cual desarrolla toda creación no objetiva., Our paper approaches the theoretical and pictorial work of Kazimir Malevich, insofar as the limits between painting, writing, thinking and being seem somewhat vague for this Kievan artist. Without necessarily assuming such relation as natural or self-evident, in Malevich we find that painting and thinking, artistic creation and philosophical reflection are not opposed, for these processes are the result of human’s creative activity and they all share their nonobjectivity. Consequently, Malevich develops an entire research around the question of representation and mimesis in art, eventually proposing a radical defense of abstraction. For this purpose, the avant-garde, revolutionary gesture is staunchly assumed and destruction becomes fundamental in order to continue creating. Therefore, the zero becomes the axis of his suprematist project, that bareness of the deserts by means of which every nonobjective creation is developed.

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Transcoding numerals containing zero is more problematic than transcoding numbers formed by non-zero digits. However, it is currently unknown whether this is due to zeros requiring brain areas other than those traditionally associated with number representation. Here we hypothesize that transcoding zeros entails visuo-spatial and integrative processes typically associated with the right hemisphere. The investigation involved 22 right-brain-damaged patients and 20 healthy controls who completed tests of reading and writing Arabic numbers. As expected, the most significant deficit among patients involved a failure to cope with zeros. Moreover, a voxel-based lesion-symptom mapping (VLSM) analysis showed that the most common zero-errors were maximally associated to the right insula which was previously related to sensorimotor integration, attention, and response selection, yet for the first time linked to transcoding processes. Error categories involving other digits corresponded to the so-called Neglect errors, which however, constituted only about 10% of the total reading and 3% of the writing mistakes made by the patients. We argue that damage to the right hemisphere impairs the mechanism of parsing, and the ability to set-up empty-slot structures required for processing zeros in complex numbers; moreover, we suggest that the brain areas located in proximity to the right insula play a role in the integration of the information resulting from the temporary application of transcoding procedures.

This article is the result of a study of health communication studies on HIV AIDS prevention and prevention by the Matahati Foundation in Pangandaran district. Like the iceberg phenomenon, the number of HIV AIDS in Pangandaran district is increasing, so that it attracts the attention of various parties, one of which is the Matahati Foundation. In this article, the method which used is qualitaitv method, in line with the aim of research that is describes the existence of a symbol used by the Matahati Foundation, namely the symbol "ZERO". If examined in communication studies, this ZERO symbol has a certain meaning in relation to the vision and mission of the Matahati Foundation itself. This was later revealed by the author in the discussion section of this article. The results showed that the symbol "ZERO" for the Matahati Foundation had several meanings, including: as a non-verbal message containing the meaning of the hopes of the Matahati Foundation in reducing the prevalence of HIV AIDS rates in Pangandaran district; the meaning of motivation for people with HIV AIDS to try to arrive at "ZERO" HIV AIDS, which means recovery; and the meaning of persuasion for the community to be together in order to achieve "ZERO" HIV AIDS in Pangandaran district. Artikel ini merupakan hasil penelitian kajian komunikasi kesehatan tentang pencegahan dan penanggulangan HIV AIDS yang dilakukan Yayasan Matahati di kabupaten Pangandaran. Layaknya fenomena gunung es, angka HIV AIDS di kabupaten Pangandaran semakin meningkat, sehingga menarik perhatian berbagai pihak, salah satunya adalah Yayasan Matahati. Dalam artikel ini, metode penelitian yang relevan digunakan adalah metode kualitatif, sebagaimana tujuan dari penelitian ini yaitu menggambarkan tentang adanya sebuah simbol yang digunakan oleh Yayasan Matahati, yaitu simbol “ZERO”. Jika diteliti dalam kajian komunikasi, simbol ZERO ini memiliki makna tertentu kaitannya dengan visi misi dari Yayasan Matahati sendiri. Hal tersebut yang kemudian diungkapkan penulis dalam bagian pembahasan artikel ini. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa simbol “ZERO” bagi Yayasan Matahati tersebut memiliki beberapa makna, di antaranya: sebagai pesan non verbal yang berisi makna harapan Yayasan Matahati dalam menurunkan prevalensi angka HIV AIDS di kabupaten Pangandaran; makna motivasi bagi para penyandang HIV AIDS agar berupaya untuk sampai pada “ZERO” HIV AIDS, yang berarti sembuh; dan makna persuasi bagi masyarakat untuk bersama-sama dalam rangka mencapai “ZERO” HIV AIDS di kabupaten Pangandaran.

Dramska trilogija Zero sastoji se od triju tekstova napisanih u različitim vremenskim razmacima. Najstariji je Plaidoyer po pički, posljednji dio trilogije Zero. Ground Zero Aleksandra najmlađi je tekst i središnji dio trilogije, a Gola Europa prvi je tekst trilogije. Naknadnim postavljanjem triju tekstova u zajedničku trilogiju ostavlja se prostor za istraživanje opravdanosti zajedništva ovih tekstova na temelju njihovih formalnih i sadržajnih obilježja. Tekstovi imaju otvorenu formu te da nisu u skladu s klasičnom dramskom fabularnom strukturom. Zajednička obilježja tekstova proizlaze iz njihove strukture prostora koji je semantiziran prostornim odnosom likova, rekvizitima na sceni i videozidom koji tijekom sva tri teksta prikazuje iste slike. Zero 2 obilježen je izmjenom dvaju prostora čime se pojačava fiktivnost scenskog prostora, dok je u druga dva teksta trilogije naglasak na scenu stavljen približavanjem fiktivne i relane razine prostora. Sukcesivno nizanje scena može se naći u sva tri teksta, no prevlada simultanost. Ciklička koncepcija vremena vidljiva je u svim dijelovima trilogije. Likovi su u većini slučajeva imenovani na temelju svoje uloge ili zanimanja, a ne vlastitog imena (Predsjednik, Autor, Psihotik, Punker...). Autorski komentari omogućuju čitatelju uvid u psihička i emocionalna stanja lika triju drama. Samokomentarom likovi nude mnoštvo informacija o sebi, svojim željama, potrebama i stavovima. Zero 3 manjka navedene vrste karakterizacije u odnosu na prethodna dva dijela trilogije, no ima mnoštvo tuđih komentara koji su u sva tri teksta izrečena pred onim koje se komentira. Zaključci istraživanja upućuju na to da među analiziranim obilježjima tekstova postoji više sličnosti nego razlika te se opravdava pripadanost tekstova trilogiji.

Background Malaria was once one of the most serious public health problems in China. However, the disease burden has sharply declined and epidemic areas have shrunk after the implementation of an integrated malaria control and elimination strategy, especially since 2000. In this review, the lessons were distilled from the Chinese national malaria elimination programme and further efforts to mitigate the challenges of malaria resurgence are being discussed. Methods A retrospective evaluation was performed to assess the changes in malaria epidemic patterns from 1950 to 2017 at national level. The malaria data before 2004 were collected from paper-based annual reports. After 2004, each of the different cases from the Infectious Diseases Information Reporting Management System (IDIRMS) was closely examined and scrutinized. An additional documenting system, the National Information Management System for Malaria, established in 2012 to document the interventions of three parasitic diseases, was also examined to complete the missing data from IDIRMS. Results From 1950 to 2017, the occurrence of indigenous malaria has been steeply reduced, and malaria-epidemic regions have substantially shrunk, especially after the launch of the national malaria elimination programme. There were approximately 30 million malaria cases annually before 1949 with a mortality rate of 1%. A total of 5999 indigenous cases were documented from 2010 to 2016, with a drastic reduction of 99% over the 6 years (2010, n = 4262; 2016, n = 3). There were indigenous cases reported in 303 counties from 18 provinces in 2010, but only 3 indigenous cases were reported in 2 provinces nationwide in 2016. While in 2017, for the first time, zero indigenous case was reported in China, and only 7 of imported cases were in individuals who died of Plasmodium falciparum infection. Conclusion Malaria elimination in China is a country-led and country-owned endeavour. The country-own efforts were a clear national elimination strategy, supported by two systems, namely a case-based surveillance and response system and reference laboratory system. The country-led efforts were regional and inter-sectoral collaboration as well as sustained monitoring and evaluation. However, there are still some challenges, such as the maintenance of non-transmission status, the implementation of a qualified verification and assessment system, and the management of imported cases in border areas, through regional cooperation. The findings from this review can probably help improving malaria surveillance systems in China, but also in other elimination countries. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (10.1186/s12936-018-2444-9) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.

Cilj ovog istraživanja je utvrditi možebitnu povezanost preživljavanja bescementne ili hibridne endoproteze kuka s pozicijom bescementne femoralne komponente. Provedeno je retrospektivno istraživanje u kojem je odabrano 105 pacijenata od kojih je 7 isključeno iz istaživanja zbog nemogućnosti obrade podataka. Preostalih 98 je podvrgnuto istraživanju pri čemu su njihovi podaci prikupljeni iz medicinske dokumentacije Klinike za ortopediju Lovran. Većina pacijenata, njih 93 (94,898%) ima ugrađenu bescementnu endoprotezu, a 5 (5,102%) ih ima hibridnu endoprotezu. Rentgenske slike operiranih kukova obrađene su u kompjuterskom programu AutoCAD pri čemu su izmjereni kutevi između uzdužne osi femoralnog kanala i uzdužne osi femoralnog stema. Dobiveni kutevi su određivali položaj stema koji je u varusu (-), u nula stupnjeva ili u valgusu (+). Statistička obrada ja dokazala kako nema statistički začajne razlike u preživljavanju femoralnog stema endoproteze u starijih i mlađih od 55 godina (p=0.877), kod varus i valgus stemova (p= 0.955) te kod spolova (p=0.907) na razini statističke značajnosti p < 0.05. Kolmgorov Smirnovim testom normalnosti statistički je određeno kako nema normalne raspodjele godina pacijenata, dok je raspodjela položaja stema u stupnjevima normalna. Od ukupnog broja pacijenata, kod desetero stem nije preživio petnaetsogodišnje razdoblje (10,2014%). Preostalih 88 (89,796%) je preživjelo, no kod šestero je učinjen revizijski zahvat u kojem je promijenjena acetabularna komponenta. Zaključak ovog istraživanja je da nema bitne povezanosti u preživljavanju bescementne ili hibridne endoproteze s obzirom na poziciju ili položaj femoralnog stema. The aim of this study is to determine the possible association between survival of the cementless or hybrid endoprosthesis of the hip with the position of the cementless femoral component. A retrospective study was carried out in which 105 patients were selected, of which 7 were excluded from stating due to the inability to process data. The remaining 98 were subjected to a study where their data was collected from the medical documentation of the orthopedic Clinic of Lovran. Most patients, 93 (94.898%) have cementless endoprosthesis, and 5 (5.102%) have hybrid endoprosthesis. X-ray images of operated hips were processed in the AutoCAD computer program where angles between the longitudinal axis of the femoral canal and the longitudinal axis of the femoral stem were measured. The obtained angles determine the position of the emblem, which is in varus (-), zero degree or valgus (+). Statistical analysis has shown that there are no statistically significant differences in the survival of femoral stem in the elderly and younger than 55 years (p = 0.877), varus and valgus stem (p = 0.955) and gender (p = 0.907) at the level of statistical significance p