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espanolEl desarrollo de un prototipo de colector solar lineal Tipo Fresnel tiene como finalidad el aprovechamiento de la radiacion solar directa en calor para el calentamiento de agua y/o la produccion de vapor, como alternativa para suplir los sistemas de calentamiento de agua o generadores de vapor convencionales, que consumen energia proveniente de combustibles fosiles. Para el desarrollo del sistema, se utiliza la radiacion solar de las UTS, ubicada en Bucaramanga, Colombia, se identifican los modelos matematicos para realizar el dimensionamiento, posteriormente se seleccionan materiales basados en especificaciones tecnicas y disponibilidad en Colombia, con el fin de realizar el montaje y realizar pruebas en campo, midiendo la temperatura ambiente y en el colector para determinar la eficiencia del modelo. Cabe resaltar, que el modelo presentado no cuenta con sistema de control de flujo, temperatura, presion y nivel, no tiene seguimiento solar de ningun tipo; el movimiento del mismo se realizo manualmente con cada reflecto. Por ultimo, el modelo no cuenta con sistema hidraulico de tiro forzado, y tiene un precalentador a la entrada del punto de concentracion. EnglishThe development of a prototype linear solar collector Type Fresnel, has a purpose the use of direct solar heat radiation for water heating and/or steam production, as an alternative to supply conventional water heating systems or steam generators, which consume energy from fossil fuels. For the development of the system, used the solar radiation of the UTS, located in Bucaramanga, Colombia, is identify the mathematical models to perform the sizing, then materials based on technical specifications and availability in Colombia, in order to perform the assembly and field tests, measuring the ambient and in the collector temperature to determine the efficiency of the model. It should be noted that, the model presented does not have a control system for flow, temperature, pressure and level, it has no solar tracking of any kind; Its movement was done manually with each reflex. Finally, the model does not have a hydraulic system forced, and has a preheater at the entry of the concentration point.

This paper presents the mechanical design of a single axis solar tracking system, as well as the electronic design of a system that to record in real time the electric power delivered by the solar tracker and to evaluate its performance. The interface was developed in Labview and it compares the power supplied by the tracker with the power supplied by static solar panel of the same characteristics. The performance is initially simulated using Pv-Syst software, and later validated with the data obtained by the interface. As a result, the use of the solar tracker increases the power delivered by a minimum of 19%, and it can go as high as 47.84%, with an average in increase in power of 19.5% in the monthly energy production. This experimental result was compared with the simulation by Pv-Syst software and shows a difference of only 2.5%, thus validating the reliability of the simulation. This behavior pattern coincides with previous studies carried out for equatorial latitudes. Este artículo presenta el diseño mecánico de un seguimiento solar de un solo eje. sistema, así como el diseño electrónico de un sistema que grabar en tiempo real la potencia eléctrica entregada por el seguidor solar y evaluar su actuación. La interfaz fue desarrollada en Labview y compara el energía suministrada por el seguidor con la energía suministrada por el panel solar estático de las mismas características. El rendimiento se simula inicialmente con Pv-Syst software, y posteriormente validado con los datos obtenidos por la interfaz. Como un Como resultado, el uso del seguidor solar aumenta la potencia entregada por un mínimo del 19%, y puede llegar hasta el 47,84%, con un promedio en aumento de potencia del 19,5% en la producción de energía mensual. Esto El resultado experimental se comparó con la simulación del software Pv-Syst. y muestra una diferencia de solo 2.5%, validando así la confiabilidad del simulación. Este patrón de comportamiento coincide con estudios previos realizados para latitudes ecuatoriales.

The integration of renewable energies in the electric power system, as a solution to the growing demand for electricity in developing countries, has become a vital issue, such is the case of Mexico. The purpose of this work is the assessment of the economic and energy feasibility of a residential house grid-connected hybrid photovoltaic (PV)-wind system, in Mexico. The hybrid PV-wind system design is based on the existing renewable energy resources and considering a typical load profile. Also, an economic analysis is presented based on the two schemes approved for the sale of the surplus of the energy generated in Mexico: Net billing and net metering. The results obtained demonstrate the viability and profitability of the proposed small-size system. However, the results corroborate that government incentives are crucial to making the proposed system more attractive and affordable for residential users. La integración de energías renovables en el sistema eléctrico, como solución a la creciente demanda de electricidad en los países en desarrollo, ha convertirse en un tema vital, tal es el caso de México. El propósito de este trabajo es la evaluación de la viabilidad económica y energética de un residencial. casa sistema híbrido fotovoltaico (PV) -eólico conectado a la red, en México. El diseño del sistema híbrido fotovoltaico-eólico se basa en las renovables existentes. recursos energéticos y considerando un perfil de carga típico. Asimismo, se presenta un análisis económico con base en los dos esquemas aprobados para la venta de el excedente de la energía generada en México: facturación neta y medición neta. Los resultados obtenidos demuestran la viabilidad y rentabilidad del propuesto sistema de pequeño tamaño. Sin embargo, los resultados corroboran que los incentivos gubernamentales son cruciales para hacer más atractivo el sistema propuesto. y asequible para usuarios residenciales.

This paper presents a study of the installation of a hybrid PV-Wind power generation system for social interest houses in the city of San Luis Potosi, Mexico. To assess the benefits of the implementation of this type of systems, a technological, economic and environmental evaluation is carried out based on the available renewable energy resources and considering a typical load profile of consumers. The obtained results show the feasibility of installation of small capacity hybrid generation systems in the city, however governmental incentives must be implemented to make more attractive and affordable the proposed systems for medium/low income users.

The prospective of Colombia's energy demand will be defined by economic, social, cultural and political phenomena. Modeling the factors that determine demand can be broadly divided into quantitative and qualitative. The quantitative phenomena, demography, energy efficiency and the direct consumption of fuels; qualitative effects are specific conditions, which are defined within each scenario as variables that will have effects on quantitative phenomena. In the baseline scenario, the transportation sector is expected to remain as the largest representative of Colombia's energy demand, although its participation in the year 2050 will be reduced by approximately 7%. The residential sector will have a reduced growth supported by the law 1715 that will increase distributed generation and implement more efficient lighting systems. A scenario focused on energy diversification shows a reduction in demand since the short term. Transport sector is maintained with similar behaviors in all scenarios as the goods transport networks keep the same. Keywords: Energy Prospective, Energy Demand, Economic & Energy. JEL Classifications: Q47, Q41, Q50